Smartphone-based Applications Research Articles

Evaluating Visual Dependence in Postural Stability Using Smartphone and Stroboscopic Glasses

This study explores the efficacy of integrating stroboscopic glasses with smartphone-based applications to evaluate postural control, offering a cost-effective alternative to traditional forceplate technology. Athletes, particularly those with visual and visuo-oculomotor enhancements due to sports, often suffer from injuries that necessitate reliance on visual inputs for balance—conditions that can be simulated and studied using visual perturbation methods such as stroboscopic glasses. These glasses intermittently occlude vision, mimicking visual impairments that are crucial in assessing dependency on visual information for postural stability. Participants performed these tasks under three visual conditions: full vision, partial vision occlusion via stroboscopic glasses, and no vision (eyes closed), on foam surfaces to induce postural instability. The use of a smartphone app to measure postural sway was validated against traditional force plate measurements, providing a comparative analysis of both tools under varied sensory conditions. We investigated postural parameters like anterior–posterior and medial–lateral sway ranges, root mean square values, 95% confidence ellipse area, and sway velocity and median dominant sway frequency from both the smartphone and the force plates. Our findings indicate that force plates exhibit high sensitivity to various visual conditions, as evidenced by significant differences observed in certain postural parameters, which were not detected by smartphone-based measurements. Overall, our findings indicate that smartphones show promise as a cost-effective alternative to force plate measurements for routine monitoring of postural control in sports, although they may not achieve the same level of accuracy as force plates. The integration of stroboscopic glasses further refined the assessment by effectively simulating visual impairments, thereby allowing precise evaluation of an individual’s ability to maintain balance under visually perturbed conditions.

Tele-dentistry in COVID-19 era: A conduit for dental care in uncertain times.

Tele-dentistry encompasses all sorts of digital technologies that involve the exchange of patient's clinical data from a distant site for the provision of dental health care. Tele-dentistry has emerged from the concept of telemedicine, which has been in practice since the 19th century. In recent times, an upsurge in the digital technologies was noted, which has made the possibility of remote access to dental care. The outbreak of COVID- 19 pandemic has restricted the normal routine ways of clinical practice. In these challenging times, tele-dentistry serves as effective platform for providing dental health care. Tele-dentistry has vast applications across various disciplines of dentistry, including preventive dentistry, paediatric dentistry, oral medicine, and oral pathology etc. In these pandemic times, tele-dentistry can be efficiently used for identification of dental emergencies, allowing effective triage and subsequent management. There are different communication platforms available for tele-dentistry. The most common technologies used are web-based video conferencing and smart phone-based applications. As the clinicians are not aware of these digital technologies utilised in tele-dentistry, there are certain challenges associated with its use. In conclusion, tele-dentistry serves as an effective tool in providing health care in challenging times, but it has been underutilised by the dental fraternity. The legislative authorities should establish proper standard protocols to ensure the safety and confidentiality of patient information while using these digital platforms.

Calibration and validation of the HydroColor and Citclops smartphone applications for water quality monitoring

Water quality monitoring, essential for safeguarding ecosystems and human health, has gained increasing significance as societies worldwide prioritize environmental awareness and sustainable practices. Therefore, this study evaluates the performance of two smartphone applications (APPs), HydroColor and Citclops (now EyeOnWater), in estimating water quality parameters such as turbidity, the concentration of suspended particulate matter ([SPM]), and colour. By comparing laboratory and hyperspectral sensors measurements with water quality parameters estimated from smartphone images, the study assessed the accuracy and efficiency of the transfer functions employed by these APPs. The study findings revealed varying degrees of accuracy, with HydroColor R2 values of 0.36 and 0.83 for turbidity and [SPM], respectively, while Citclops achieved an R2 value of 0.7 for colour estimation. The study identified limitations in both APPs, particularly in their applicability to different water systems. These insights underscore the importance of proper calibration and validation procedures for smartphone-based water quality monitoring APPs. Also, the findings underscore the growing significance of smartphone APPs in enabling accessible and real-time monitoring of water quality, highlighting their potential to revolutionize the democratization of environmental monitoring practices through citizen science. Ultimately, this research contributes to the advancement of smartphone-based monitoring initiatives to inform decision-making processes in environmental management, and enhancing our understanding of water quality dynamics in diverse environments.

A randomized controlled trial of medication adherence and management of risk factors for secondary prevention of stroke (MaMoRS) using a smartphone-based application.

There are little data on the use of smartphone-based applications for medication adherence and risk-factor control for the secondary prevention of stroke in low-and-middle-income countries (LMICs). The aim was to determine whether a smartphone-based app improved medication adherence, risk-factor control, and provided health education to stroke survivors for lifestyle and behavioral modifications. An unblinded, single-center randomized controlled double arm trial with 1:1 allocation among stroke survivors was performed in South India. The primary outcome was medication adherence, with co-primary outcomes of lifestyle and behavioral factors and control of vascular risk factors, at 3 and 6 months. Among 351 stroke survivors screened, 209 were recruited. The mean (standard deviation (SD)) age of the intervention (n = 105) group was 60 (12) years and that of the control (n = 104) group was 60 (10) years. In the primary outcome, mean medication adherence significantly improved in the intervention group with a between group difference of 0.735 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.419 to 1.050), p < 0.001. Being in intervention group (OR = 4.5; 95% CI = 2.3 to 8.9), stroke recurrence (OR = 3.3 (95% CI = 1.9 to 7.8)), and regular physician visits (OR = 2.1; 95% CI = 1.0 to 4.4) were significant predictors of good medication adherence. Considering the co-primary outcomes, compared to the control group, participants in the intervention group had a greater improvement in self-reported healthy diet intake (p = 0.003), intake of fruits (p = 0.005), and were physically more active (p = 0.001). At 6 months, mean fasting blood sugar (p = 0.005) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol higher (p = 0.024) in the intervention group. The use of a mobile app is an effective method to improve medication adherence and risk-factor control in stroke survivors and is feasible in LMICs like India. Data used during the study are available from the corresponding author on request. The study is registered in Clinical Trial Registry of India (CTRI/2022/06/042980).

Demand-Responsive Transit Service With Soft Time Windows Considering Real-Time Disruptions Based on Bounded Rationality

Demand-responsive transit (DRT) with smartphone-based applications is emerging as a flexible and sustainable mobility service, transforming urban transportation. Nevertheless, to satisfy the real-time and inconsistent demand, it is becoming increasingly important to capture the decision-making psychology of order cancellations. In this study, a two-phase optimization framework is presented in response to real-time disruptions, including order cancellations and the insertion of new real-time passengers. In contrast to random real-time demand, this paper is more concerned about the impacts of the feedback information on order cancellations. Bounded rationality is incorporated into the model to discuss the decision-making process of cancellation behaviors. With regard to the soft window, a compensation strategy is proposed to promote the profit while encouraging passengers for a long-term use. Additionally, solution algorithm based on variable neighborhood search (VNS) and rolling horizon is constructed to approach the Pareto solutions set. To testify the validity of the proposed algorithm, small-scale experiments in simplified Sioux Falls network are investigated for multiple runs. Meanwhile, a real-world case study in Beijing is explored to evaluate the system performance considering real-time disruptions. The results indicate that the dynamic DRT service can substantially improve the system profit but increase the penalty cost. The profit presents a significant improvement to 940 (renminbi) RMB as a result of the insert of real-time passengers. This study, therefore, not only provides a deeper insight into the analysis of passenger cancellation behavior but also contributes to construct a more flexible DRT service.

The dark side of smartphone application’s smart push function: Exploring its impact on fear of missing out and smartphone addiction

This article aims to investigate the negative effects of smart push technology, which is becoming increasingly popular in digital devices and online services, particularly in smartphone-based applications (apps). Specifically, empirical relationships among the features of the app content delivered by smart push technology, fear of missing out, and smartphone addiction are explored by constructing an integrated model. The proposed relationships were tested by analyzing survey-based data collected from 227 valid samples through partial least squares-structural equation modeling. The analysis confirmed the hypothesized positive relationships among the features of app content delivered by smart push technology (entertainment and timeliness) in smartphone-based apps, fear of missing out, and smartphone addiction. Moreover, fear of missing out served as a mediator between the features of smart push technology and smartphone addiction. This study makes a significant theoretical contribution to the digital communication technology and smartphone addiction literature by revealing the influence mechanism of smart push technology on smartphone addiction. Furthermore, this study has a number of practical implications for policymakers as well as app developers.

Accuracy and Pitfalls in the Smartphone-Based Audiometry Examination.

Approximately 466 million people suffer from hearing loss worldwide, with Indonesia ranking fourth in Southeast Asia. However, conventional pure-tone audiometry is not yet available in many areas because of its high cost. Numerous available smartphone-based audiometry applications are potential alternative screening tools for hearing loss, especially in Indonesia. This study examined the findings on the validation of smartphone-based audiometry applications to assess hearing functions available in Indonesia. Based on the established eligibility criteria, this study was conducted by browsing the relevant literature validating smartphone-based audiometry applications in Indonesia. Relevant study data, such as the author, year, location, implementation procedures, and outcomes, were extracted and summarized. This systematic review found 17 relevant and eligible publications. Of the six applications tested, 5 were found to have good validity, such as uHearTM, Audiogram MobileTM, AudCalTM, Hearing TestTM e-audiologia, and WuliraTM. All smartphone-based audiometry was tested only for the air conduction threshold and was influenced by several factors. Because smartphone-based audiometry is inexpensive, simple, and more accessible than conventional audiometric testing, it can be useful as a screening modality or alternative approach to assess hearing function. Unfortunately, smartphone-based audiometry cannot replace conventional audiometry in diagnosing hearing impairment.

Unlocking the potential of perovskite-based nanomaterials for revolutionary smartphone-based sensor applications

The use of perovskite-based nanomaterials in smartphone sensors, which enhance accessibility and efficiency in health diagnostics, and their potential in the integration with wearable technology for improved health monitoring is explored.

Leveraging Smartphone Sensor Data and Machine Learning Model for Human Activity Recognition and Fall Classification

This study investigates the application of Machine Learning (ML) algorithms to classify human physical activities and detect different types of falls using smartphone sensor data. Smartphones equipped with various sensors offer new opportunities for healthcare and human activity monitoring, which are crucial for health and well-being, aligning with the United Nations’ sustainable development goals (SDG). The study used the ”Sensor Data Collector” Android application to collect smartphone sensor data. The data collection experiments involve ten healthy participants engaged in diverse physical activities and different fall events, utilizing accelerometers and gyroscope sensors. Different types of fall detection include forward, backward, left lateral, and right lateral fall, which are important from a seriousness of health point of view. Participants placed their smartphones in the front pocket of their trousers to ensure a fixed position during the data collection process. The collected datasets are preprocessed using a moving average filter to denoise and smoothen the data. Different statistical features and extracted and ML algorithms, namely Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest (RF), Naive Bayes (NB), and K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), are employed to create robust classifiers. SVM and RF performed exceptionally well in classifying normal physical activities, achieving a 99.09% accuracy. SVM excelled in daily walking activity classification with a 99.59% accuracy, while the K-NN model performed best for crucial different types of fall classification, achieving an accuracy of 85.71%. This research emphasizes the potential of ML models for accurate physical activity and various types of fall classification, expanding the horizons of smartphone-based healthcare applications and aligning with sustainable development goals.

The Effect of Smartphone-Based Nursing Therapy to Reducing Post Cardiac Surgery

The disease that is the number one cause of death in the world today is heart disease. Actions to overcome the problem of coronary heart disease, one of them with surgery. Pain is a significant issue at all stages of surgery. Post-cardiac surgery discomfort should be manageable with smartphone-based nursing care. The goal of this study was to determine if smartphone-based nursing care may help heart surgery patients feel less pain. The research design used a quasi-experimental pre- and post-control group design. The sample size in this study was 46 respondents, which were divided into 23 respondents in the intervention group and 23 respondents in the control group. The inclusion criteria of this study were cardiac surgery patients on the first day, adult patients receiving paracetamol drip therapy and 1000 mg tablets, and hemodynamic stability. Nursing interventions to deal with pain in this study were carried out using hypnosis and music videos in smartphone-based applications. Research results showed a post-treatment pain score of 2.04 in the intervention group and 4.60 in the control group. Nursing interventions carried out using videos in smartphone-based applications are able to overcome post-cardiac surgery pain, so pain management using smartphones can be an intervention choice to deal with post-cardiac surgery pain. Hypnosis and music nursing interventions using videos on smartphone-based applications can be used as nursing therapy to treat pain after cardiac surgery.

Preference for Smartphone-Based Internet Applications and Smartphone Addiction Among Young Adult Addicts: Gender Difference in Psychological Network

Young adults are a high-risk population for developing smartphone addiction (SA), which bring about social issues. One theoretically and empirically supported proximal risk factor of SA is preference for smartphone-based internet applications (PSIA). However, most previous studies ignore gender difference and symptomatic heterogeneity of SA. Besides, many previous data analyses contain non-addicts, and the results derived might not be applicable to smartphone addicts. To bridging the gap, we used a symptom-level network analysis to assess gender differences in the links between preferences for 8 smartphone-based internet applications and 4 SA symptoms among young adults with high-level phone addiction (619 women and 415 men). The results showed that: (1) The relationship between the preference for video and the “loss of control” symptom was more pronounced in female addicts compared to their male counterparts. (2) Shopping app had stronger bridge centrality in women’s smartphone applications-SA network, which was positively linked with more SA symptoms. (3) Our research identified marginal gender differences in smartphone addicts' psychological networks, with female addicts showing stronger links between social media/eBook preferences and withdrawal symptoms, and male addicts displaying a stronger connection between gaming/eBook and other smartphone activities. The study provides a visualized network association and network metrics for understanding the relationship between PSIA and SA. We propose adopting a selective processing hypothesis and an evolutionary psychology perspective to aid in understanding these gender differences.

Pengenalan dan Pelatihan Pencatatan Laporan Keuangan Dengan Aplikasi Teman Bisnis Pada UMKM di Desa Tulas, Klaten

Pengenalan dan Pelatihan Pencatatan Laporan Keuangan Dengan Aplikasi Teman Bisnis Pada UMKM di Desa Tulas, Klaten

Efektifitas Skrining Jaundice Berbasis Smartphone Mengurangi Prosedur Invasive pada Neonatus : Literature Review

Hyperbilirubinemia is the 5th leading cause of neonatal morbidity. Neonatal jaundice occurs in approximately 60% of newborns. To ensure proper management for preventing and treating jaundice in neonates, an effective screening method is required. The gold standard of bilirubin measurement with Total Serum Bilirubin (TSB), which involves invasive procedures, that can be painfull and carry the risk of infection. The purpose of this study to describe the implementation of smartphone-based methods in the assessment of detection and periodic monitoring of jaundice in neonates, as a non-invasive methods alternative, indirectly reducing invasive procedures. The study employed a literatur review method and presents a literature review of 11 selected journals. It was concluded that the smartphone application-based bilirubin assessment showed a significant correlation with TSB and TcB values. Smartphone-based applications can be considered as a non-invasive screening tool for bilirubin monitoring in neonates. The jaundice screening method based smatphone is expected to be applied, developed and made an algorithm for its implementation in hospital services or outside the hospital.

The interventions to improve medication adherence in coronary heart disease patient: A systematic review.

The clinical outcome and quality of life of CHD patients are greatly influenced by medication adherence. Non-adherence of CHD patients to treatment results in sub-optimal clinical outcomes and increasing costs. This study aims to describe effectiveness of the intervention to improve the medication adherence in CHD patients. Systematic review methodology was used in this study. Scopus and PubMed were used to search the relevant article systematically. The outcome measured was medication adherence in coronary heart disease patients. Final screening was 31 articles that met the inclusion criteria in this study of 788 articles. Selection processes the article used the PRISMA guideline. Most of the articles (15 articles) use interventions that utilize information technology (IT) as known with m-health in the form of text messages, website, and smartphone-based applications in increasing medication adherence in CHD patients. The non m-health interventions developed are in the form of self-efficacy programs, monitoring and education by health workers or care workers, pharmacy care by clinical pharmacists, and the use of drugs in the form of multi-capsules. The results of most intervention with m-health can improve the medication adherence in CHD patient effectively. Education and motivation program by professional health care and multi-capsules also increasing the medication adherence in the intervention control. There was a decrease of medication adherence in some articles with long time follow-up that can be attention for the professional health care to manage the patient adherent. The medication adherence in CHD patient can be improve by various program. Modification of m-health and non m-health intervention can be resolved to increase the communication, motivation, and knowledge about medication adherence in CHD patients.

The Impact of Teaching Simple Harmonic Motion Supported by A Smartphone-based Sensor on Students’ Conceptual Mastery

One of the common challenges encountered when conducting physics experiments is ensuring measurement accuracy. Conversely, the emergence of smartphone-based sensor applications presents an opportunity to address these issues. Thus, this research aimed to assess the effectiveness of Physics Toolbox Sensor Suite (PTSS), a smartphone-based sensor, in enhancing students’ conceptual mastery of simple harmonic motion. The study employed a non-equivalent control group design, with a valid and reliable multiple-choice test as the research instrument. The sample comprised 70 2nd grade students from a public senior high school in Indonesia, with 35 students for each experimental and control group. The research was conducted during the Even Semester of the 2022/2023 Academic Year at a public high school in Lampung Province. Both groups were instructed using the same pedagogical approach-discovery learning. However, the experimental group conducted experiments aided by PTSS, while the control group did not. N-gain analysis revealed a greater increase in conceptual mastery within the experimental class compared to the control class. The average n-gain for the experimental group was 0.74, whereas for the control group, it was only 0.64. Furthermore, the Mann-Whitney test indicated an Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) value of 0.004, smaller than 0.05, suggesting that smartphone-based sensors like PTSS could facilitate simple harmonic motion experiments and enhance students’ conceptual mastery.

Transforming Diabetes Management: A Study on the Effectiveness of Smartphone Applications in Enhancing Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behavior of People with Diabetes Mellitus

BACKGROUND: Smartphone-based applications are important for increasing knowledge, attitudes, and behavior in people with diabetes mellitus (DM). AIM: This study was measuring the effectiveness of the smartphone-based Electronic-Muhammadiyah Chronic Disease Monitoring (E-MMCD) application to change knowledge, attitudes, and behavior in people with DM. METHODS: This study used quantitative methods with an explanatory design. This study begins with a preliminary study using secondary data from international journals from 2020 to 2023. The sample size in the quantitative study was 84 people with DM. The sampling technique uses the randomized control trial with a computer machine. The instrument used to determine differences in knowledge, attitudes, and behavior after the intervention is a valid and reliable questionnaire. Paired t-test was used to determine the difference before and after the intervention. RESULTS: The results of the normality test for the intervention group concluded that the distribution of knowledge data (p = 0.000) and the distribution of attitude data (p = 0.000) were not normal (p &lt; 0.05) so the statistical test used was the Wilcoxon test. While the practice in the intervention group after the normality test was carried out, the data distribution was normal (p &gt; 0.05), so the test used was the paired t-test. The results of the analysis test concluded that p = 0.019. This value indicates a difference in the average PSP before and after the E-MMCD intervention. CONCLUSION: The E-MMCD application effectively changes the knowledge and attitudes of people with DM in hospitals. A longer E-MMC intervention is needed to improve the behavior of people with DM.

Simple signage and targeted education can lead to process improvement in acute appendicitis care

IntroductionAn institution-wide protocol for uncomplicated acute appendicitis was created to improve compliance with best practices between the emergency department (ED), radiology and surgery. Awareness of the protocol was spread with...

Local News Deserts in China: The Role of Social Media and Personal Communication Networks

The field of local news is often associated with news deserts, commonly defined as geo-based communities without newspapers or other legacy media as providers of locally oriented news and civic information. This phenomenon is expanding in global society due to the diminishing presence of newspapers at moments of accelerated digitization. This study examines the multiplex nature of news deserts in rural and suburban areas in China. Data were collected through a multi-methods approach combining two focus groups and 44 semi-structured in-depth interviews. Patterns of engagement among interviewees reveal that smartphone-based social media applications and digital platforms function as viable sources of news, and incidental exposure to news has become the norm of digital news use. Government-orchestrated convergent media services and WeChat channels are preferred choices by most research participants for local news. We argue that a media ecology perspective may be a productive approach to understanding community news and local newspapers.

A randomized controlled trial on the effect of smartphone-based mental health application among outpatients with depressive and anxiety symptoms: A pilot study in Malaysia.

Despite the increasing number of mental health professionals in Malaysia, many have yet to receive adequate treatment for common mental illnesses such as depression and anxiety. Coupled with the increasing number of mobile phone users globally, smartphone-based intervention can be a promising mental health intervention. Thus, this study aims to investigate the efficacy of using a smartphone-based mental health application in addition to treatment-as-usual (TAU) in outpatients with depressive and/or anxiety symptoms. Psychiatric outpatients that fulfill the selection criteria were recruited and randomized into two groups, the intervention group (n = 24) and the control group (n = 24). Those in the intervention group received MoodMission in addition to TAU, while those in the control group received TAU. Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) scores were assessed at baseline and after four weeks. A total of 48 participants were recruited, randomized, and completed the study. Baseline characteristics for both groups were comparable. There is no significant mean difference between-group comparison of PHQ-9 (1.31, 95% CI -1.35, 3.98) and GAD-7 (0.02, 95% CI -2.01, 2.05) scores at four weeks. However, for the intervention group, there was a significant improvement in the PHQ-9 score at four weeks [mean difference 2.58 (95% CI 1.16, 4.01), P = 0.001)]. This study showed no significant improvement in anxiety symptoms after four weeks. Use of smartphone-based mental health applications led to significant reduction of depressive symptoms.

Structured educational app in improving self-care management in diabetes mellitus patients: systematic review

Self-care management is a process that does not only develop over time but evolves along with the experience of the type of illness. Successful self-management of diabetes mellitus depends on self-care motivation and self-awareness, specifically designed to control symptoms and avoid complications. This systematic review uses telehealth intervention and smartphone-based applications for diabetes mellitus patients with randomized control trial, qualitative, and cross-sectional studies obtained from six databases. This review included inclusion and exclusion criteria established using population, intervention, comparison, outcomes and study (PICOS) framework, and then data were extracted, reviewed, and assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) tool. Seventeen selected articles that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria passed the selection through the selection process shown in the flow chart, which all research results show an impact on self-care management. The use of technology especially the applications, is very influential and effective in increasing knowledge and self-care management of diabetes mellitus patients. Besides that, it can also save operational costs in providing interventions for people with diabetes mellitus, but further research is needed to look at the sustainability of structured educational applications on health outcomes.