Smart Stick Research Articles

PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN ALAT PERAGA SMART STICK TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA MATERI BANGUN RUANG PADA SISWA KELAS V SEKOLAH DASAR

Smart Stick teaching aids are teaching aids made of wooden sticks used to make spatial geometry frames. This study aims to determine the effect of using smart stick teaching aids on spatial geometry material on Mathematics learning outcomes of grade V at elementary school. This research method uses True Experimental with Post-test Only Control Design. The sampling of this study used a random sampling technique consisting of two classes, namely class VB and VC, totaling 45 students. Based on the results of the average value obtained by class VB of 84.35 and class VC of 70. Hypothesis testing of this research data uses an independent sample t-test, obtained with a value of tcount> ttable, obtained 3.62> 1.68 and sig. (2 tailed) = 0.001 <0.05. It can be interpreted that there is an effect of using smart stick teaching aids on spatial geometry material on Mathematics learning outcomes at grade V in SD Negeri 21 Palembang.

The Development of a Smart Stick with SMS Emergency Location Feature for the Blind

Abstract: As humans tend to be reliant on their sense of sight to gather information about their surroundings, this allows them to feel safe and connected. White canes have been a common solution to visual impairment concerns however it was shown that such tools are still unable to resolve problems pertaining to obstructions on height level. This paper aims to create a smart stick which is able to resolve such concerns while including an emergency button feature that will inform emergency contacts via SMS of the location of the user once pressed. The gathered results will answer the following (a) reliability of the smart stick’s detection of obstructions, (b) effect of the environment to the performance of the device, and (c) effect of the distance between the user and emergency contact to the speed of transmission if the emergency button is pressed. It was found that the smart still is reliable in terms of detection with a high accuracy percentage and is able to determine if stairs are going up or down, the environment has little effect on the performance of the smart stick, and if the distance is farther the speed of transmission is more consistent.

Smart Stick Navigation System for Visually Impaired Based on Machine Learning Algorithms Using Sensors Data

Visually Impaired People (VIP) face significant challenges in their daily lives, relying on others or trained dogs for assistance when navigating outdoors. Researchers have developed the Smart Stick (SS) system as a more effective aid than traditional ones to address these challenges. Developing and utilizing the SS systems for VIP improves mobility, reliability, safety, and accessibility. These systems help users by identifying obstacles and hazards, keeping VIP safe and efficient. This paper presents the design and real-world implementation of an SS using an Arduino Nano microcontroller, GPS, GSM module, heart rate sensor, ultrasonic sensor, moisture sensor, vibration motor, and Buzzer. Based on sensor data, the SS can provide warning signals to VIP about the presence of obstacles and hazards around them. Several Machine Learning (ML) algorithms were used to improve the SS alert decision accuracy. Therefore, this paper used sensor data to train and test ten ML algorithms to find the most effective alert decision accuracy. Based on the ML algorithms, the alert decision, including the presence of obstacles, environmental conditions, and user health conditions, was examined using several performance metrics. Results showed that the AdaBoost, Gradient boosting, and Random Forest ML algorithms outperformed others and achieved an AUC and specificity of 100%, with 99.9% accuracy, F1-score, precision, recall, and MCC in the cross-validation phase. Integrating sensor data with ML algorithms revealed that the SS enables VIP to live independently and move safely without assistance.

BLINDS EYE: Advancing Navigation for the Visually Impaired with Arduino Uno

Blinds Eye Advancing Navigation for the Visually Impaired with Arduino Uno. Navigating their surroundings independently, visually impaired individuals encounter challenges with traditional aids. This advanced blind navigation system, integrating an Arduino Uno for processing, a GPS module for real-time tracking, and a panic button for emergencies, presents a groundbreaking solution. Ultrasonic and IR sensors detect obstacles, issuing audio alerts and adjusting routes. An RF module aids in locating a misplaced smart stick. Overcoming limitations of existing solutions, the system's audio output provides crucial information, ensuring safer and more efficient independent travel for the visually impaired." Key Words: Arduino Uno, Blind navigation, Visually impaired, GPS module, Ultrasonic sensors, Infrared sensors, RF module, Assistive technology

Machine Learning Based Speech Emotion Recognition System

In the last decade, there has been significant research into Automatic Speech Emotion Recognition (SER). The primary goal of SER is to improve human-machine interfaces. It can also monitor someone's psychological state for lie detection applications. Recently, speech emotion recognition has found uses in medicine and forensics. This paper recognizes 7 emotions using pitch and prosody features. The majority of speech features used here are in the time domain. A Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier categorizes the emotions. The Berlin emotional database was used for this task. A good recognition rate of 81% was achieved. The reference paper for this work recognized 4 emotions and obtained a 94.2% recognition rate. However, the reference paper used a more complex hybrid classifier, while this work focuses on recognizing more emotions with a simpler model. . KeyWords: Blindness, Smart Stick, BlinDar, GPS, ESP8266, Internet of Things, RF Tx/Rx, MQ2.

An IOT Navigating Device for Blind People

Blindness involves the loss of vision. Mobility and independence have long been challenges for blind and visually impaired people. This project proposes BlinDar, a smart Electronic Travel Aid (ETA) to improve their lives. Equipped with Internet of Things technology, BlinDar aims to help the visually impaired navigate indoor and outdoor spaces freely. This highly efficient, reliable, fast-responding, lightweight, low-power, and cost-effective device uses ultrasonic sensors to detect obstacles and potholes within 2 meters. GPS and an ESP32 Wi-Fi module share the user's location with the cloud. An MQ2 gas sensor detects fires along the path, while an RF transmitter/receiver helps locate a misplaced walking stick. The Arduino Mega2560 microcontroller, with its 54 digital I/O pins, provides easy interfacing between all components. . KeyWords: Blindness, Smart Stick, BlinDar, GPS, ESP8266, Internet of Things, RF Tx/Rx, MQ2.

OCR Based Facilitator for the Visually Challenged

Your proposal for an OCR-based smart book reader catering to the visually challenged fills a crucial need for affordable accessibility solutions, particularly given the global population of approximately 285 million visually impaired individuals, with a majority residing in developing countries. Leveraging a Raspberry Pi 3 board and Tesseract OCR technology, your device converts printed or handwritten text into machine-encoded text, enhanced by Computer Vision libraries like OpenCV for image preprocessing. Beyond text conversion, features such as obstacle detection via a smart stick and an emergency help button exhibit a comprehensive approach to addressing user needs. Integration with an Android app for location tracking adds an extra layer of safety. Challenges in optimizing OCR for handwritten text and potential expansions like language translation or cloud integration hold promise for further enhancing functionality. Overall, your project stands to significantly enhance access to information and safety for visually impaired individuals, particularly in underserved communities. Key Words: OCR-based smart book reader, Visually Challenged accessibility, Raspberry Pi integration, Tesseract OCR technology Computer vision

Design and Implementation of Smart Blind Stick for Obstacle Detection and Navigation System

The design, advancement, and evaluation of an IoT -enabled smart stick that can detect and alert users to obstacles is presented in this study to help visually impaired persons traverse the outside world. A water sensor deployed to identify puddles and other wet surfaces in the user's route, and ultrasonic sensors for detecting obstacles are all used in the suggested design. Additionally, after correctly detecting and recognising items, the user receives voice feedback through earphones regarding various obstacles and objects. The suggested smart stick has two modes: the first detects and recognises obstacles and provides speech feedback; the second mode employs ultrasonic sensors for detecting and response through vibration motors to inform about the direction of the obstacle. The suggested method enables users to alternate between the two modes based on their preferences and the surroundings. Additionally, the user's latitude and longitude values are recorded and uploaded to the IoT platform for efficient tracking through global system for wireless communication modules, allowing the user or device to be tracked in real time on the dashboard. An IoT-enabled environment generates an alert signal in the form of an SMS with Google Maps link generated using latitude and longitude coordinates, and this serves as a panic button for emergency assistance. The smart stick's design includes features such a long battery life, size adjustment, waterproofing, and light weight. Robust features, portability, stability, ease of access, and energy efficiency are all guaranteed by the entire design.

VisiSense: A Comprehensive IOT-based Assistive Technology System for Enhanced Navigation Support for the Visually Impaired

The field of visually impaired assistive technology looks for novel approaches to enhance independence and navigation. In this field, systems have to reliably identify and transmit environmental data in order to facilitate visually impaired users' safe and effective navigation. Developing a sophisticated framework for assistive technology that significantly enhances visually impaired navigation is the goal of this research. Make object detection and environmental awareness more efficient, dependable, and intuitive. This study introduces VISISENSE, "A Comprehensive IoT-Based Assistive Technology System for Enhanced Navigation Support for the Visually Impaired." VISISENSE is an IoT-based system with multiple components that enhances object detection. For primary environmental sensing, a handstick with implant sensors, a visual capture and transmission unit for processing visual data, and edge computing for object detection and classification are used. The system makes use of the R-CNN global computer vision model hosted on a cloud server, Mobinet computer vision models, and Logistic Regression with Iterative Learning. VISISENSE's effectiveness is demonstrated by a performance analysis of its object detection accuracy, processing speed, resource utilization, energy consumption, latency, and false positive rate. In all of these categories, VISISENSE performs better than Smart Stick and Smart Navigation. The data includes the fastest processing time of 17 ms, the most efficient resource utilization of 41%, and object detection accuracy of up to 99% at 2 Mbps load. Across all load conditions, VISISENSE has the lowest false positive rate, energy consumption, and latency. The VISISENSE assistive technology system is developed for the visually impaired. Its excellent object detection and navigation accuracy, speed, and efficiency enhance user experience and hold the potential to increase the independence and quality of life for visually impaired people. This research contributes to a significant advancement in assistive devices-smart, responsive technologies for the visually impaired.

Pothole detector for smart stick

This project aims toward developing a smart stick powered by artificial intelligence that can detect obstructions and allows blind people to move safely. For example it can sense and determine if there is water or any other hurdle in front of them, it also features a GPS tracking feature to find the person using it in case if they lost somewhere, its AI-based technology can detect potholes on the road, protecting the blind person from any tragic event. The system relies on a Microcontroller circuit for its features. Our technology recognizes everything within a set range using ultrasound detectors and produces a sound on detecting something within that range. Another important component of the system is that it allows the blind person to send a text message of their geographical location to the family/caretaker whoever is nearby the person if they ever experience an issue of being lost.

Next Generation Smart Stick for Blind People using Assistive Technology

Next Generation Smart Stick for Blind People using Assistive Technology

IoT-Based Smart Stick for Visually Impaired People

This paper presents the development of a smart stick to enhance visually impaired individuals' mobility, safety, and independence. The study aimed to integrate various features into a cohesive and user-centric device. The stick incorporates GSM/GPS tracking for continuous user location monitoring. This smart home automation mechanism allows the user to turn utilities ON/OFF with a single button press, obstacle detection using ultrasonic sensors, battery optimization techniques including solar charging and voltage supply to the battery by use of a stepper motor, emergency communication through GSM technology, and stick tracking within a certain radius using RF modules. The study's findings demonstrate the successful integration and functionality of the proposed features, cover the gaps identified with the help of extensive research and critical literature review and extend a gateway into the ocean of future study and diverse feature employment that could be incorporated in the smart stick.

Stick and Smart Wallet

The research aims to equip the blind person with a cane and smart wallet equipped with front and side sensors. These sensors will provide the blind person information in the form of audio signals or vibrations when he gets within two meters of an obstacle. The vibration signals will intensify as the person gets closer to the obstacle, alerting him. The stick was chosen because it can protect him in the event of a hole in the road or climbing stairs. While the rest of the sensors warn him of high barriers whose height is less than the height of the blind person, sensing devices have been added to sense and determine the location of the blind person if he is lost in any place so that his location is determined. The purpose of the research is to design and implement a smart stick and then develop it into an electronic (smart) wallet to guide the visually impaired, which works to guide the blind as he passes on the road without fear and without any help from others.

Smart stick for blind people with wireless emergency notification

Smart stick for blind people with wireless emergency notification

TOKCER BANTALAN : Tongkat Cerdas Alat Bantu Jalan Penyandang Tunanetra Menggunakan Arduino Mega 2560 dengan Sensor Ultrasonic HC SR-04 dan Water Level

Technology can be used in various fields that can support research, of course the results of this research can be useful and beneficial as a form of community service. Even today, technology plays a role in helping people with special needs (disabilities) experience difficulties. . One example is blind people who experience difficulties due to limited vision so that sticks are used as a solution to be used as walking aids for people with disabilities in facilitating their daily activities. Therefore, the authors designed a tool called "TOKCER BANTALAN : A Smart Stick for the Blind Auxiliary Tool" with the research method being carried out starting from the stage of conducting a literature study which is a process of reviewing the literature on references related to the research being carried out. . After that, preparation includes technical and non-technical aspects such as basic preparation related to hardware devices, software tools that support research. Then proceed with the process of testing the tools including the program and analysis of the results of the research conducted. The results of this study are walking aids for the blind using the Arduino Mega 2560 microcontroller equipped with an ultrasonic sensor HC-SR 04 that can detect distances < 50 cm, a water level sensor that can detect standing water with a distance of ≤ 40 mm, and is equipped with a panel solar power as input power to be able to run the tool. In addition, this tool will automatically issue sound notifications when it detects objects and puddles blocking the way for the blind. It is hoped that this research will make it easier for the blind to carry out daily activities

Design and evaluation of two obstacle detection devices for visually impaired people

Smart devices can assist visually impaired individuals with self-guidance and safe mobility. This study presents two remarkable electronic devices, a smart belt and smart stick, that were designed and developed for obstacle detection in the path of visually impaired using the assistive technology options. They were designed with affordability, portability, and ease of use without requiring an internet connection. In an experimental test conducted with blind participants, the two smart devices were compared to the traditional white cane in terms of accuracy (obstacle avoidance) and usability (ease of use). Participants were randomly assigned obstacles and navigated the same path to test all tools. Based on the test and among evaluation, it was determined that the smart stick was the most user-friendly tool while the smart belt was found to be more accurate, and the two smart devices are a step forward in enhancing the mobility for visual impairments.

Use of Arduino and Ultrasonic Sensors to Design Smart Walking Stick for Visually Impaired People

-This paper suggests a smart blind stick that detects obstacle in front of a blind man on street. Arduino and ultrasonic sensor is used to detect the depth below or obstacles in between LED, Buzzer,9V Battery, Jumper wires, a stick. As per the statistics of World Health Organisation (WHO), currently there are 45 million blind people all around the globe. The visually impaired people are very much dependent on external assistance such as humans, trained dogs, or special electronic devices as decision making support systems. Thus, developing a smart stick may overcome these limitations. Ultrasonic sensor is being incorporated at specific position of cane to provide information regarding the environment with the help of buzzer sound. The proposed system is low cost and light weight designed with the help of microcontroller to processes signal and alerts for the visually impaired person over any obstacle, water or dark areas through beeping sounds Obstacle and moisture detection sensors are used for receiving, processing and sending signals to the alarm system and finally alert the user for prompt action. The system was designed, programmed using C language and tested for accuracy and can detect obstacles within the distance of about 2m from the user. Key Words: Arduino UNO, Ultrasonic sensor, Walking stick, Visually Impaired, RF Receiver.

Third Vision for Blinds

Abstract: This paper introduces a third vision system designed to assist visually impaired individuals in detecting obstacles and dangers during walking, as well as identifying the world around them. The proposed solution acts as an artificial vision and alarm unit, consisting of three sensors (ultrasonic, water, and heat flame), and a microcontroller (Arduino Uno R3) to process sensor signals into short pulses for the Arduino pins to activate buzzers and LED bulbs. Our project aims to provide an affordable and lightweight smart stick suitable for most blind people, making it accessible to all segments of society and their families in need.

Comparative Study of Third Eye for Visually Challenged with Alternate Solution

Deficiency that cannot be reformed in the eye is the blindness. This research aims to investigate the potential benefits and limitations of incorporating electronic sensors and assistive technologies into traditional blind sticks to create a smart blind stick. A smart blind stick is a wearable device that provides additional functionality and features to help visually impaired individuals navigate their surroundings more safely and independently. A smart stick is planned with impediment identification module and object detection. A stick is made in a way that it can sense obstacles and staircases by using sensors. It also intimates the presence of water and manhole. Global Positioning System (GPS) is used to locate the visually impaired person as it is incorporated in the stick used. Global system for Mobile Communication (GSM) is also used. Status of the blind person will be notified to the guardian with the image and location. Overall, this research contributes to the development and improvement of assistive technologies for visually impaired individuals and provide insights for researchers, healthcare professionals, and policymakers on how to better support individuals with visual impairments.

AIoT-Based Smart Stick for Visually Impaired Person

Visually impaired people are facing difficulties during day-to-day activities in terms of traveling and receiving accurate information from their surroundings. Most of the time, visually impaired persons need to rely on others. Blind people cannot walk without the support of a cane. Artificial intelligence of things (AIoT) is the solution to designing smart devices for the visually impaired. We propose a smart stick that overcomes most of the problems of the visually impaired person. The stick actually helps to detect the obstacles faced in day-to-day life. The visually impaired person can also recognize objects and currency with the help of a deep learning algorithm applied to images captured by the camera installed in the stick. The pulse sensor installed on the stick monitors the health of the user. The smart stick is embedded with Raspberry pi and a global positioning system (GPS) that helps in sensing emergency alerts. The proposed smart stick also provides timing information about available buses near the location to enable choosing travel times in advance. Sensors are used for achieving these functions. Android application that is connected with firebase is also developed for tracking data about the user (health, location, etc.) from a remote location. The Overall obstacle detection accuracy of the system is 91.7% for various demonstrations and the single module will be available at around <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\$ $ </tex-math></inline-formula> 50– <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\$ $ </tex-math></inline-formula> 60. The proposed system is cost-effective, lightweight and user-friendly. The main goal of this system is to ensure the safety of visually impaired persons and to provide a better life for them.