Smartphone Communication Research Articles

Long-Term Glycemic Control Improvement After the Home and Self-Care Program for Patients With Type 1 Diabetes: Real-World-Based Cohort Study.

The prevalence of type 1 diabetes (T1D) is increasing worldwide, with a much higher proportion of adult patients. However, achieving stable glycemic control is difficult in these patients. After periodic implementation of structured education for patients with T1D through the Home and Self-Care Program, a pilot home health care project promoted by the Korean government, we evaluated the program's effects on glycemic control. This study was conducted from April 2020 to March 2023. We analyzed 119 participants with T1D aged >15 years. Nursing and nutrition education were provided separately up to 4 times per year, with physician consultation up to 6 times per year. A distinguishing feature of this study compared with previous ones was the provision of remote support using a general-purpose smartphone communication app offered up to 12 times annually on an as-needed basis to enhance the continuity of in-person education effects. Patients were followed up on at average intervals of 3 months for up to 24 months. The primary end point was the mean difference in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) at each follow-up visit from baseline. For continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) users, CGM metrics were also evaluated. The mean HbA1c level of study participants was 8.6% at baseline (mean duration of T1D 10.02, SD 16.10 y). The HbA1c level reduction in participants who received at least 1 structured educational session went from 1.63% (SD 2.03%; P<.001; adjustment model=1.69%, 95% CI 1.24%-2.13% at the first follow-up visit) to 1.23% (SD 1.31%; P=.01; adjustment model=1.28%, 95% CI 0.78%-1.79% at the eighth follow-up visit). In the adjustment model, the actual mean HbA1c values were maintained between a minimum of 7.33% (95% CI 7.20%-7.46% at the first follow-up visit) and a maximum of 7.62% (95% CI 7.41%-7.82% at the sixth follow-up visit). Among CGM users, after at least 1 session, the mean time in the target range was maintained between 61.59% (adjusted model, 95% CI 58.14%-65.03% at the second follow-up visit) and 54.7% (95% CI 50.92%-58.48% at the eighth follow-up visit), consistently staying above 54.7% (corresponding to an HbA1c level of <7.6%). The mean time below the target range (TBR) also gradually improved to the recommended range (≤4% for TBR of <70 mg/dL and ≤1% for TBR of <54 mg/dL). The Home and Self-Care Program protocol for glycemic control in patients with T1D is effective, producing significant improvement immediately and long-term maintenance effects, including on CGM indexes.

The experiences of daily smartphone use among older adults in Brazil: A grounded theory analysis

BackgroundDigital inclusion of older people is an important agenda for the future and well-being of the older population, as it represents a form of social inclusion with significant gains for healthy aging. The present study aimed to understand the experiences of Brazilian older adults who use smartphones and the implications in their daily lives. MethodA qualitative study was developed using a constructivist grounded approach. Older people (≥60 years) with prior access to a smartphone were invited to participate in the study. Participation took place through semi-structured, audio-recorded interviews. Data collection and analysis occurred simultaneously using a constant comparative approach. Data management and analysis used the Atlas.ti® software. ResultsOverall, 37 older people participated, with an average age of 70.60 ± 6.95 years, predominantly female (n = 33), white (n = 25), married (n = 26) and retired (n = 27). The first sample group included 27 older people with family support and the second group included 10 older people without family support (who lived alone in their homes). A core category emerged from the data analysis—“Expanding the personal and social development of older adults through smartphone communication”—around which three main categories emerged: 1) The smartphone as “a window to the world”; 2) The problem of misinformation and fake news on virtual networks; 3) Technological paradoxes in the use of smartphones. ConclusionsThe digital transition associated with smartphone use brings unimaginable benefits to older adults who adopt positive habits to improve their well-being and expand their social connections, following efforts proposed by the Decade of Healthy Aging. However, older adults still face disparities and experience a significant digital divide, which represents a major challenge. Barriers to access are further aggravated in developing countries. We hope this study contributes to public health policies on digital inclusion and healthy aging.

Smartphones as a Multimodal Communication Tool for Interprofessional Communication among Optometrists in Ghana

Purpose: The ascertain the preferred mode(s) of smartphone-based interprofessional communication, and their perceived effects on clinical outcomes. Method: Through a purposive sampling method, 344 Optometrists in Ghana were recruited in this cross-sectional study. Modified and validated questionnaires were used to assess the preferred mode(s) of smartphone communication and its effect on clinical outcomes. Results: The prevalence of Optometrists who use smartphones for their interprofessional communication was 95.2% and a larger percentage of the participants (41.6%) indicated that they were more likely to use all three modes of smartphone-enabled interprofessional communication (speech, images, and image annotation) simultaneously rather than just one or two. Participants who had practiced between 1-5 years were found to subscribe to smartphone-enabled interprofessional communication more [χ2 (3, N = 336) = 24.03, p = .000]. Also, participants working in private facilities were found to subscribe to smartphoneenabled interprofessional communication more [χ2 (3, N = 336) = 12.27, p = .007]. Conclusion: The outcome of this study indicated that, participants preferred using all smartphone-enabled modes of communication simultaneously and had a positive perception about how multi-modal smartphone-enabled interprofessional communication improved clinical outcomes.

184. EEG-Based Brain Connectivity and Sentiment Analysis From Smartphone Communication: Insights Into Remitted Major Depressive Disorder Among Adolescents

184. EEG-Based Brain Connectivity and Sentiment Analysis From Smartphone Communication: Insights Into Remitted Major Depressive Disorder Among Adolescents

Economic and environmental benefits of e-waste management networks design in Yogyakarta province, Indonesia

Purpose: Electronic devices consumption, especially smartphones for communication, have increased significantly, causing the potential for electronic waste to increase too. However, the high potential of this flow has not been matched by good waste management. This study aims to develop a management network for e-waste that collaborates formal and informal channels to provide optimal supply chain benefits in terms of economic and environmental aspectsDesign/methodology/approach: This research designs an e-waste management network followed by building a single-objective mathematical model that considers economic and environmental aspects. This model was solved using Mixed Integer Linear Programming.Findings: The supply chain will benefit from the proposed management network by collaborating formal and informal channels. With an incentive of 10,000 IDR, it is hoped that it will be able to invite consumers and informal collectors to collect waste informal channels. The total profit from managing electronic waste supply every month from Yogyakarta Province is 5.529 x 1010 IDR with the composition, consumers 81.2%, informal 13.3% channel obtained from informal collectors and repairing centers and 2.1% for formal channels, and there is an intangible profit of 3.4%. The formal channel provides more significant benefits than the informal, but requires a significant investment. This formal channel feasible if at least 33% of the total supply goes to this channel.Research limitations/implications: The model designed is deterministic. Therefore, it can be developed into a probabilistic model for further research to represent more real cases in the field.Practical implications: Regulation is the factor that most influences consumers' intentions and behavior to participate in e-waste management programs. It will be able to change consumer behavior by forcing consumers to participate in e-waste collection programs. Therefore, a government regulation is needed that organizes and supervises the implementation of the proposed management model.Social implications: Currently, the practice developing in the community is that the informal sector carries out smartphone waste management, therefore in the designs made, informal actors are still given space in waste management for the repair process and the secondhand market. Meanwhile, further processing, such as recycling, must be carried out through formal channels taking into account the environmental impact.Originality/value: Few studies have developed an electronic waste management model by collaborating informal and formal channels that consider economic and environmental aspects, and its implementation is organized and supervised by government regulations.

Detecting adolescent depression through passive monitoring of linguistic markers in smartphone communication

BackgroundCross sectional studies have identified linguistic correlates of major depressive disorder (MDD) in smartphone communication. However, it is unclear whether monitoring these linguistic characteristics can detect when an individual is experiencing MDD, which would facilitate timely intervention.MethodsApproximately 1.2 million messages typed into smartphone social communication apps (e.g. texting, social media) were passively collected from 90 adolescents with a range of depression severity over a 12‐month period. Sentiment (i.e. positive vs. negative valence of text), proportions of first‐person singular pronouns (e.g. ‘I'), and proportions of absolutist words (e.g. ‘all’) were computed for each message and converted to weekly aggregates temporally aligned with weekly MDD statuses obtained from retrospective interviews. Idiographic, multilevel logistic regression models tested whether within‐person deviations in these linguistic features were associated with the probability of concurrently meeting threshold for MDD.ResultsUsing more first‐person singular pronouns in smartphone communication relative to one's own average was associated with higher odds of meeting threshold for MDD in the concurrent week (OR = 1.29; p = .007). Sentiment (OR = 1.07; p = .54) and use of absolutist words (OR = 0.99; p = .90) were not related to weekly MDD.ConclusionsPassively monitoring use of first‐person singular pronouns in adolescents' smartphone communication may help detect MDD, providing novel opportunities for early intervention.

Pengendali Robot dengan Mikrokontroler Arduino Berbasis Smartphone Android

The rapid development of technology has given rise to automatic robots controlled by wireless technology. Many electronic devices are used as automatic controllers. This robot, produced in the electronics field, has had a rapid impact in the industrial sector. In this research, Arduino Uno is used as a microcontroller to control robots with Android smartphones. Control is carried out using a Bluetooth connection. The use of Android smartphones makes it easier for the general public if the results of this research are applied because many people have Android smartphones. Apart from being easy to use, this robot can also help human work. The pattern used for smartphone communication with Bluetooth hardware. The smartphone sends data via Bluetooth, then the HC-05 Bluetooth receives the data forwarded to the Arduino Uno microcontroller, then the microcontroller processes it to give moving commands to each servo motor. The application used to control the robot is NodeMCU_Car. This application is implanted into an Android smartphone so that robot movement commands can be carried out via the smartphone with this application. Robot movement commands are carried out manually by the operator. The robot can move to open or close its arms. Tests were carried out on the power supply circuit, Bluetooth, power supply, and the entire robot circuit. This research shows that the robot's electronic circuit is functioning well, such as the Bluetooth component circuit, power supply and controller circuit. The maximum distance that a Bluetooth device can receive smartphone data without obstacles is 9 meters, whereas if there are obstacles the distance is 5 meters.Keywords: Arduino, Bluetooth, Electronics, Microcontroller, Smartphone

Measuring the Energy of Smartphone Communications in the Edge-Cloud Continuum: Approaches, Challenges, and a Case Study

<italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">As computational resources are placed at different points in the edge-cloud continuum, not only the responsiveness on the client side is affected, but also the energy spent during communications. We summarize the main approaches used to estimate the energy consumption of smartphones and the main difficulties that are typically encountered. A case study then shows how such approaches can be put into practice. Results show that the edge is favorable in terms of energy consumption, compared to more remote locations.</i>

Polyethylene imine functionalized porous carbon framework for selective nitrogen dioxide sensing with smartphone communication

Highly selective and remotely communicable nitrogen dioxide (NO2) sensing may contribute to future Internet of Things in environmental monitoring. However, room-temperature NO2 sensing materials such as carbon materials is still less than satisfactory due to their insensitive interaction with target gas. Here, polyethylene imine functionalized three-dimensional (3D) carbon framework (PEI/C framework) has been developed for enhanced selective NO2 sensing, via combined template synthesis and subsequent doping. Typically, the 3D PEI/C framework is observed porous shape with irregular coating. Beneficially, the response of C framework to NO2 increases while those of interfering gases decrease after being functionalized with PEI. Remarkably, the sensor prototypes show a 100 ppb-concentration detection limit at room temperature. Theoretically, such excellent NO2 sensing is attributed to the large specific surface ratio of porous 3D PEI/C framework, in which PEI serves as an active layer for target NO2, while a passivated one for interfering gases. Practically, such PEI/C framework sensor prototype is simulated for NO2 sensing device and communicated with a smartphone, showing great potential in future intelligent environmental monitoring.

A Broadband MIMO Antenna Based on Multimodes for 5G Smartphone Applications

In this letter, an eight-element broadband multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna array with a simple structure based on multiple modes is presented, which covers 3.3–6 GHz for fifth-generation (5G) smartphone. Double coupled-fed loop modes and a slot mode are well excited by the feeding strip connecting with the tuning branch. The broadband antenna is well designed without loading any lumped elements, thanks to the tuning branch on the side frames. Furthermore, the polarization diversity technique is exploited to improve isolation. As a result, the MIMO system operates in the 3.3-6 GHz (S <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">11</sub> < -6 dB) with desirable isolation higher than 12.1 dB, which satisfies the coverage of the 5G communication bands: n77/n78/n79 and 5G WLAN. Besides, acceptable efficiency and envelope correlation coefficients (ECCs) of lower than 0.2 can also be obtained, which demonstrates that the presented MIMO array has potential for the mobile communication of 5G smartphones.

Design and build an internet of thing (IOT) solar panel monitoring and solar tracking system

Nowadays, solar panels as a solar power plant which is a renewable energy source requires a tool to monitor the solar panel system. Solar panels can be controlled automatically by a tracking system using microcontroller instrumentation technology. A monitoring and solar tracking system has been designed and built using Arduino Uno R3 microcontroller, Node MCU ESP 8266, Humidity Sensor DHT-11 and PZEM-004T V3.0 based on Internet of Thing (IoT) displayed on smartphone communication devices using Blynk software. Tool testing was carried out in South Denpasar. The research methodology consists of literature study, development of the first system to system refinement and system testing at one point of the building without any hindrance. The results of this study are that the Solar Tracking System shows that the LDR sensor readings are very responsive in receiving sunlight which functions to drive servo motors and the tool can monitor Solar Panels and read the characteristic value of the relationship between light intensity, temperature, load on the measurement results will be displayed on Blynk application menu that has been designed and generated power. The power output generated from the tracker is greater than without a solar tracker.

Engaging publics in the transition to smart mobilities

Commercial and public sector interests surrounding technological developments are promoting a widespread transition to autonomous vehicles, intelligent transportation systems and smart phone communications in everyday life, as part of the smart mobility agenda. There is, however, inadequate understanding about the impact of such a shift on potential users, their readiness to engage and their vision of transportation systems for the future. This paper presents the findings from a series of citizen panels, as part of a 2-year project based in south-west England, focusing on in-depth discussions regarding the future of commuting, the flow of the daily commute and the inclusion of publics in smart mobility planning. The paper makes three key propositions for researchers: enabling publics should lead to a visionary evolution in the development of sustainable transportation systems; commercial interests, public bodies and IT innovators must employ a holistic approach to mobility flows; and, processes engaging publics need to be inclusive when co-creating solutions in the transition to smart mobilities.

Effect of Social Loneliness on Tourist Happiness: A Mediation Analysis Based on Smartphone Usage

Smartphone usage affects the relationship between social loneliness in tourism and tourist happiness. This study discusses the effect of social loneliness on tourist happiness by considering three aspects of smartphone usage—habitual smartphone behaviors, smartphone communication, and smart tourism applications—as mediating variables. Based on stimulus–organism–response theory, this study collected data through questionnaires, analyzed the data using SPSS and Amos, and reached three findings, as follows: (1) Social loneliness affects tourist happiness either directly or indirectly. (2) Habitual smartphone behaviors not only directly affect tourist happiness but also affect tourist happiness as a mediating variable and multiple mediating variables. (3) Smartphone communication does not affect tourist happiness either directly or indirectly as a mediating variable or as one of multiple mediating variables of social loneliness. (4) Smart tourism applications not only directly affect tourist happiness but also affect tourist happiness indirectly as one of multiple mediating variables. This study is not only conducive to exploring social loneliness and the influence mechanism of social loneliness on tourist happiness, but it is also conducive to suggesting that scenic spots should add interesting group activities in project development to reduce social loneliness. Attention should also be paid to social loneliness in destination marketing.

Book review: Smartphone Communication: Interactions in the App Ecosystem

Book review: Smartphone Communication: Interactions in the App Ecosystem

Review of Yus (2022): Smartphone Communication. Interactions in the App Ecosystem

Abstract This article reviews Smartphone Communication. Interactions in the App Ecosystem 978-1-032-06066-8978-1-032-06067-5978-1-003-20057-4

A cross sectional study on nomophobia among medical students in Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh

Background: Medical students are using more applications of smartphones in their course besides the primary purpose of communication. The excessive usage of smartphone has given rise to a condition known as “nomophobia”. The objectives of the study are to estimate the prevalence of nomophobia and to evaluate the determinants of nomophobia among participants. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from July to August 2022 among 320 undergraduate medical students of Sri Venkateswara Medical College, Tirupati. NMP-Q questionnaire used as a tool for data collection. Ethical clearance was obtained from the Institutional Ethical Committee and informed consent was taken from the participant. Collected data was coded and entered into a Microsoft excel and analysed using statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) software version 21.0. Results: Prevalence of nomophobia among study subjects was found to be 100% (320); of which 59% showed moderate nomophobia followed by mild (35%) and severe nomophobia (6%). Nearly 60% of the students are using smart phone for communication, 56% for entertainment and 46% for study purpose. Conclusions: All participants were suffering from nomophobia with different grades of severity. It was significantly associated with age, year of study, number of apps used, average time spent with mobile and messages sent per day. Most of them were using smart phone for communication, entertainment and study purpose.

Future Agricultural And Forestry Extension By Applying Information Technology And Communication

Since the past, extension has been seen as a transfer of technology from researchers to farmers. Now the role of extension is seen more as a process of helping farmers to make their own decisions by adding choices for them and helping them develop insights into the consequences of each of these choices. The role of extension workers is clear in bridging and communicating government policies to farmers and business actors who are directly involved in activities to realize food security and independence by utilizing technology and information so that it is easier to get information from various sources that can be accessed using the latest technology and communication equipment. Farmers who tend to master the technological aspect are very dominant seen in those of productive age. The ability to perform good analysis and problem solving is generally often seen in those who tend to be highly educated. In terms of extension activities using information technology media, all farmer groups tend not to have a real role in their members. Almost all farmers have a long experience in farming activities, even though they have quite a lot of knowledge and experience, farmers still need renewable information. While farmers still need additional knowledge and renewable information through information technology media, quite a lot of farmers in Simalungun Regency do not master the aspects of information technology. The majority of farmers stated that extension workers are rarely or sometimes in the field, and extension workers never carry out face-to-face counseling activities or are carried out in the field. Activities with a remote extension model to farmers in Simalungun Regency using information technology media which is very important to support activities. Farmers who tend to master information technology on average have Smartphone communication devices, and farmers who lack technology on average only have ordinary mobile phone devices, which cannot be used to access many functions. The lack of understanding of farmers towards the content of the counseling material presented is enough to explain that the lack of effective extension models for information technology barbasis if the material is presented in the form of visual texts

Estimating Game Dependence with Mobile Traffic Statistics

Game addiction is a disease in which a person becomes engrossed in a game and loses control while they play. WHO and the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare specified it new disease among especially young generation. It is needed to predict game addiction in advance and develop a mechanism of encouraging behavioral changes to prevent the disease. Some studies proposed some methods to judge game addiction. Those are subjective methods based on questionnaires and are not possible to confirm with specific figures. Our research focuses on the wireless communication of smartphones, which is the basis for playing many online games, and proposes a method for estimating signs of game addiction. This method automatically notifies a warning message to users when they continue to use the specific game for a long time and can be used to prevent game addiction. We constructed a prototype system and evaluated it. As a result, we confirmed an estimation accuracy of 90%.

Highly Compact Integrated Sub-6 GHz and Millimeter-Wave Band Antenna Array for 5G Smartphone Communications

In this article, a dual-band integrated compact phased-antenna array is proposed for fifth-generation (5G) smartphone communication. The proposed single-layered substrate-based antenna array has a dual band, wideband, high gain, and wide beam-steering function. The dual bands were achieved by passive integration of meandered lines and a microstrip patch antenna using a dual-stub-based filter. Owing to the small size of the antenna array (56.65 mm <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\times4.95$ </tex-math></inline-formula> mm <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\times0.508$ </tex-math></inline-formula> mm), it was installed on both the top and side metal frames of a smartphone in a vertical position, allowing a wide beam coverage with a high gain. The proposed antenna provided the −6 dB bandwidths of 250 and 3520 MHz at 3.5 and 28 GHz, and the −10 dB bandwidths of 110 and 1890 MHz were observed at 3.5 and 28 GHz, respectively. The radiation performance with a smartphone model and a hand phantom were analyzed in detail. Furthermore, a safety study on the power density (PD) and specific absorption rate (SAR) of the arrays with frequency-dependent hand and head models was conducted. Finally, we fabricated an antenna array prototype, and compared the measured results with the simulation results, which showed a good agreement.

Review of Yus (2022): Smartphone Communication: Interactions in the App Ecosystem

Review of Yus (2022): Smartphone Communication: Interactions in the App Ecosystem