Smart City Movement Research Articles

Implementing Agile Scrum Methodology in the Development of SMART PEKAN at Batu City Environment Service

The preparation of reports on the activities of the functional position group for the Batu City Environmental Service is still being carried out in the usual way. Making announcements on activities at any time must begin by creating a new page. That matter could be more effective and efficient because the structure of each activity report is the same. This research aims to develop a report creation system whose workings make it easier for users to create activity reports. The system makes the activity reports according to users needs based on the information obtained during interviews and observation. The system is developed using the Agile framework with the Scrum method. This research produces SMART PEKAN (Functional Position Group Activity Report Creation System), a website that makes reports on Functional Position Group activities using automatic report templates. SMART PEKAN can be a tool that facilitates making reports on the activities of users by utilizing the progress of an existing technology to implement digital transformation in the government sector to support the Smart City movement. Keywords: activity reports, agile, innovation, reporting system, scrum, service for the environment

Women’s Safety in Digital Space

This article explores the relationship between privacy concerns and women’s empowerment in the context of India’s growing Smart Cities Movement and prevalent smartphone use. Using feminist ideas and legal frameworks to address cyberbullying, online harassment, cyberfraud and misogyny, it addresses cybersecurity and data privacy issues. The study emphasises the value of gendered implications of urban security and participatory design principles in smart city efforts. It suggests examining cyberfeminism and highlights the need for women to take an active role in developing safe online environments. Findings point to weaknesses in the legal systems that exist today as well as the possibility that technological improvements will exacerbate gender disparity. Legislative mandates should be strengthened, gender gaps in digital literacy should be closed, gender-sensitive design should be incorporated into smart city initiatives and women working in activism and digital technology should be encouraged to collaborate.

Examining the Smart City Generational Model: Conceptualizations, Implementations, and Infrastructure Canada's Smart City Challenge

Cohen's Smart City Generational model has been the basis of understanding for the evolution of the Smart Cities movement. However, how does this model align with practitioners’ conceptualization of the term? Our research focuses on Infrastructure Canada's Smart City Challenge (SCC). Through 14 primary interviews and 20 finalist applications, this research reveals that practitioners overwhelmingly understand Smart City building as a government-driven, data-centric endeavor (Smart City 2.0), as opposed to being about vendor transactions (Smart City 1.0), resident engagement (Smart City 3.0), or community co-creation (Smart City 4.0), where the specific technology is of secondary importance to project objectives. We conclude that, rather than moving through distinct generations, the smart cities movement should be understood as a gradual process of municipal public administration modernization as local governments are becoming increasingly savvy and experienced about contracting with technology firms to address urban problems.

Smart City Development Strategy of Wonogiri Regency

Technology transformation in the smart city concept begins with the implementation of policy transfer to local governments. Wonogiri Regency is one of the districts that implement smart city policy transfer from the central smart city policy. So it is necessary to analyse regional strategies in implementing smart cities. Regional smart city strategy analysis is an analysis carried out to assess the strengths weaknesses opportunities and threats in order to get a picture of the capacity and capability of the region in implementing smart city development programmes. This research aims to analyse the smart city development strategy of Wonogiri Regency. With the regional strategy analysis, Wonogiri Regency can map the right programme according to the dimensions of smart city. So that the implementation of this smart city can run smoothly in accordance with the goals of the Indonesian smart city movement. This study took a locus in Wonogiri Regency, which has a sufficient SPBE index and was chosen to be one of the implementers of the Indonesian smart city movement. Researchers used qualitative methods to analyse the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of Wonogiri Regency to develop appropriate strategies for these conditions. Researchers found that the smart city strategy is combined with other strategies to solve the problems of the Wonogiri community. The smart city action plan is formed from action plans for smart governance, smart environment, smart society; smart living; smart economy, and smart branding. The action plan must adjust to the strategy formed. The focus of the Action Plan from Wonogiri Regency is to provide integrated services ranging from data to applications.

Merging Smart and Healthy Cities to Support Community Wellbeing and Social Connection

Urban planning has long pursued the improvement of health and wellbeing through the rapidly evolving scholarship and practice of health-supportive environments, underpinned by the seminal World Health Organization’s Healthy Cities Framework. Although a much more recent development, technology has been informing urban planning, as well as advancing healthcare and personal wellbeing monitoring and assessment. Known as the Smart City movement, it has much to offer regarding life in towns and cities, as well as how they are managed, maintained, and developed. There is also a growing appreciation of the potential for smart city technology to enhance human and environmental health in the context of urban planning and public place making. This has been reinforced by the COVID-19 pandemic with its reawakening of community interest in health and wellbeing, including mental illness, a greater awareness of the importance of local environments, and an explosion of technological knowhow in the embrace of remote working, online shopping, and education. Using the example of the authors’ “Smart Social Spaces” project, this entry discusses the potential benefits of an evolving integrative concept called “Smart Healthy Social Spaces”. The aim is to support community wellbeing as part of everyday living, especially associated with social connection, in densely populated and culturally diverse urban environments, where locally situated public spaces are increasingly important for all citizens.

Identifying patterns in smart initiatives' planning in smart cities. An empirical analysis in Spanish smart cities

The smart city (SCs) movement has emerged to face urban challenges. Nonetheless, the complexity and dynamic nature of cities makes them context-dependent in their strategic planning processes concerning smart initiatives, which can lead to different solutions and outcomes of cities' development. With the growing number of smart initiatives implemented in SCs, it becomes important both to consider how such initiatives are planned and organised, and to address the complexity and context-dependent dynamic in which such initiatives are implemented. Therefore, this study is a comprehensive analysis of number of initiatives in 12 Spanish SCs (1635 smart initiatives) to identify the relations between key characteristics of the cities (cities and citizens' profiles) and the planning of SC strategies. Findings suggest that formal strategic planning is mainly performed in SCs with higher qualification of inhabitants, mature-aged population, and top-down strategic planning approach.

Housing development and the smart city: A case study of Tehran, Iran

Iran has one of the oldest civilizations in the world, and many elements of today’s urban planning and design have their origins in the country. However, mass country-city migration from the 1960s onwards brought enormous challenges for the country’s main cities in the provision of adequate housing and associated services, resulting in a range of sub-standard housing solutions, particularly in Tehran, the capital city. At the same time, and notably in the past decade, Iran’s main cities have had significant involvement in the smart city movement. The Smart Tehran Program is currently underway, attempting to transition the capital towards a smart city by 2025. This study adopts a qualitative, inductive approach based on secondary sources and interview evidence to explore the current housing problems in Tehran and their relationship with the Smart Tehran Program. It explores how housing has evolved in Tehran and identifies key aspects of the current provision, and then assesses the main components of the Smart Tehran Program and their potential contribution to remedying the housing problems in the city. The article concludes that although housing related issues are at least being raised via the new smart city technology infrastructure, any meaningful change in housing provision is hampered by the over centralized and bureaucratic political system, an out of date planning process, lack of integration of planning and housing initiatives, and the limited scope for real citizen participation.

ANALISIS KESIAPAN KABUPATEN KUTAI KARTANEGARA DALAM MENERAPKAN SMART CITY

The selection of Kutai Kartanegara Regency as 1 of 25 regions in implementing the work program of the 100 Smart City Movement based on the Republic of Indonesia Ministry of Communication and Information Decree Number 265.KOMINFO/DJAI/AI.01.05/05/2017, is both an opportunity and a challenge to make this happen. This study aims to analyze the readiness of Kutai Kartanegara Regency in implementing Smart City in several dimensions. This study used a qualitative descriptive approach with informants from implementers at the Office of Communication and Information and Bappeda of Kutai Kartanegara Regency. Triangulation is used to test the validity of the data. The results of the study show that the dimensions of Smart City development in Kutai Kartanegara Regency which include smart governance, smart branding, smart economy, smart living, smart society and smart environment have been supported by several aspects. From the superstructure aspect, Smart City development is based on the vision and mission of Kutai Kartanegara Regency so that it has a strong basis to be realized. From a structural aspect, it is supported by Regional Apparatus Organizations (OPD), BUMN, BUMD and the formation of Creative Economy Committees in the regions. From the infrastructure aspect, it is carried out through the provision of internet networks and various digital applications. From the aspect of community readiness, efforts have been made to support the development of an internet network with equitable access. From the aspect of hilly nature, extensive forests and many rivers are still obstacles to equal distribution of internet network access and adequate road access. Keywords: Smart City, Smart Regency Kutai Kartanegara, Regional Readiness Analysis

IoT-driven Environmental Support System for Smart Cities

Smart city is a concept of urban development that integrates information and communication technology (ICT) to enhance efficiency, quality of life, and environmental sustainability. The implementation of smart city has become increasingly popular in the last five years, with many countries developing smart city initiatives, such as the "Smart City Pilot" program in China and the development of smart city applications and platforms in the United States. In Indonesia, several major cities have started developing various digital applications and platforms to improve public service efficiency and encourage economic growth. However, there are still some challenges that need to be addressed, such as inadequate ICT infrastructure, lack of supportive regulations and policies, and insufficient active participation from the community. The use of IoT in smart city plays an important role in collecting real-time data from various connected sensors and devices, allowing for more accurate and timely decision-making. In the long term, this can help improve the overall quality of life of the community. In Indonesia the smart city movement is being intensively implemented by the government with the aim of creating 100 smart cities, so there needs to be efforts made to increase the development of smart cities in Indonesia.

Commentary on “Toward a Dracula Urbanism”

The “Dracula urbanism” conception seeks to identify destructive transformation underway in cities under the guise of the “smart city” movement. According to the Wilson and Wyly assessment of trends in Flint, Michigan and Jakarta, Indonesia (but by implication occurring on a global scale), an exploitative “real estate state” is systematically rooting out all traces of decay (and by implication the poor) not only to purify the environment but also to reap enormous profits. The two cases assessed show, at different urban scales, that large scale developments are underway in concert with key political leaders. At the same, however, there are public plans and community advocacy groups representing alternative visions with the smart city movement, ensuring that parasitic practices do not go unchallenged. The Dracula urbanism metaphor fails to capture this side. Smart city governance in Jakarta (and other Indonesian cities) actually engenders greater governmental capacity to address general citizen needs. In Flint, some new development addresses previously unmet community needs. While useful to underscore the transformative role of real estate developers in shaping a new brand of urbanism, the Dracula urbanism model fails to capture the complexities of the modern city's response to the enduring challenges of serving all its citizens.

E-Government Implementation in the Village General Administrative Electronic System (SEDULUR) Program

Purpose: E-government is one of the government's efforts to develop the implementation of electronic-based government activities in order to improve the quality of service to various parties effectively and efficiently. In the context of implementing e-government in Cirebon City, Cirebon City is carrying out a smart city or smart city movement with its vision of realizing Cirebon as a creative, innovative, synergistic and competitive smart city in 2028. Lots of programs have been implemented as supporters of the realization of the smart city movement in the city of Cirebon. Research with the title "Implementation of E-government in the Village Public Administration Electronic System Program (SEDULUR) in Kalijaga Village, Harjamukti District, Cirebon City", has a formulation of the problem of how to implement the sedulur program in Kalijaga Village, Harjamukti District, Cirebon City.
 Design/methodology/approach: This research uses a case study method with a qualitative approach that is descriptive. Determination of informants using purposive sampling. The theoretical foundation used is the Balanced E-government Scorecard theory with five dimensions in it, the five dimensions are: benefits, efficiency, participation, transparency, and change management.
 Findings: Based on the research that has been done, it is concluded that the implementation of e-government in Kalijaga Village, Harjamukti District, Cirebon City with case studies of the sedulur program has not been optimal in its implementation, this is because the sedulur program still wants to be developed so that later all people can access it without having to contact the head of the RW First of all, it's just that the budget was diverted during the Covid-19 pandemic which hampered the development of the Sedulur program.
 Practical implications: The efforts that have been made are with Harjamukti District supporting government programs related to people who are aware and obedient of paying taxes so that revenue-sharing funds (DBH) from these taxes can be allocated for the development of the sedulur program.
 Paper type: Research paper

A framework for Digital Transformation towards Smart Governance: using big data tools to target SDGs in Ceará, Brazil

Smart Governance is a key pillar of the Smart City movement and an important pathway to achieving Sustainable Development Goals through digital transformation and technologic tools. However, the digital transformation is highly contextual and solutions from the Global North may not be adequate to the reality of developing countries. We present how digital tools and policies, as part of the broader agenda for digital transformation, can touch upon several sustainability goals when focused on benefitting vulnerable citizens. Examples come from observing the process, stakeholders and products developed during the Digital Transformation of Ceará between 2019 and 2022. We build a framework that further links those examples with the SDGs and the Brazilian Letter for Smart Cities, a national set of guidelines towards equitable smart transitions. By setting the framework vis-a-vis a grounded experience, we seek to present seven components which can be adapted to other contexts as drivers of a Smart and Sustainable Governance. We argue that, by applying those elements to build digital tools that help governance, it is possible to create solutions that are inherently tied to SDGs.

Towards integration of smart and resilient city: literature review

Smart and resilient cities are on the same path to long-term sustainability and need the creation of an ecosystem that can withstand an increasing number of hazards in the future. One of the primary goals of the smart city movement was to address many issues that have arisen as a result of growing urbanization, including the scarcity of energy, traffic congestion, and pollution. The way urban dwellers live, work, and travel due to more often natural disasters and political issues is changing, and this has an impact on the economy and business models, forming a new trend in urban studies. Smart cities play a critical role in the worldwide fight against Covid-19 in terms of tracking and tracing instances of coronavirus using smart technologies. The integration of smart buildings into a smart city also plays an important role in this scenario, providing advanced infrastructure and greater comfort for their residents as well as improved safety control, increased energy efficiency, accessibility to services, and overall satisfaction with a higher quality of life. The findings of this study are based on the review of papers selected from high-impact research journals, as well as an analysis of the most important industry tendencies and widely referenced literature on smart cities and resilient cities. As a result, this study examines the concepts of smart and resilient cities, as well as the relationship between smart city technologies, and resilient city indicators; the impact of technologies applicable in different smart city domains on city resilience is discussed. Finally, the conclusions on how proposed integration toward smart and resilient cities could be implemented for future cities’ development are presented.

Smart regional spaces: ready set go!

ABSTRACT Smart cities have come to dominate international academic, political and industry discourse. In contrast, limited attention has been given to the ‘smartisation’ of regional and rural areas. However, simply applying smart city thinking is not the way forward. Many of the social, economic, and environmental initiatives generated by the smart city movement respond to the challenges of dense urban living. These do not necessarily translate to the spatial scales, assets, budgets, and distinct, and often opposite challenges faced by regional and rural areas, including the substantial divide in digital inclusion compared to their urban counterparts. Digital connectivity is a prerequisite for a smart transition. Parallel to improved connectivity, regional and rural areas need context-specific place-based strategies, projects, programs, and tools, to successfully engage with the smart places movement and the opportunities and benefits it has to offer. The Smart Regional Spaces: Ready Set Go! project aims to pivot the smart places movement into regional and rural New South Wales (NSW). The project pilots new tools and techniques to upskill, and empower regional councils and their communities to directly engage with smart technologies and reduce the digital divide.

PENGEMBANGAN SMART INFRASTRUCTURE PADA ASPEK PRASARANA PERKOTAAN DI KOTA BANDARLAMPUNG

The city of Bandar Lampung, which is the capital of Lampung Province, which is currently not included in the 100 smart city movement in Indonesia, has tried to keep up with and make Bandar Lampung a smart city. Marked by the vision of the City of Bandar Lampung, namely "Bandar Lampung is healthy, intelligent, faithful, cultured, superior and competitive based on the people's economy" (RPJMD Bandar Lampung City, 2016-2021). The increasing number of residents in Bandar Lampung City causes basic infrastructure services to be improved in order to meet the needs of the community. The concept of smart infrastructure that has been implemented in various countries has been able to help fulfill and maximize city infrastructure services to be effective and efficient. Research on smart infrastructure in Bandar Lampung City is still new and relatively early, so it is very important to know the position of smart infrastructure development in Bandar Lampung City. This development can be identified by examining the stages of the city's smart infrastructure (Royal Academy of Engineering, 2017 in Ogie et al, 2019). The purpose of this study is to examine the development of smart infrastructure in urban infrastructure aspects in Bandar Lampung City. This research was conducted using a qualitative deductive approach, while the research data were analyzed using content analysis techniques and qualitative descriptive analysis. The result of this research is that the urban infrastructure of Bandar Lampung City is at an early stage towards the concept of smart infrastructure, which is still between the traditional stage and the semi-intelligent stage.

Development of a planning support system to evaluate transit-oriented development masterplan concepts for optimal health outcomes

There is growing consensus that planning professionals need clearer guidance on features of the built environment that promote health benefits. Concomitantly, the smart city movement has created renewed opportunity and interest in data-driven urban modelling to support land use planning. Planning Support Systems (PSS) are spatially enabled computer-based analytical tools incorporating health-related metrics that apply empirical evidence on built environment relationships with health-related outcomes to inform real-world urban design, urban planning and transportation planning decisions. This paper presents the development of the Urban Health Check PSS to use local empirical data to explore and predict relative health impacts associated with proposed urban design planning changes from alternative new station precinct masterplan concepts. We present a case study where we compare a baseline scenario with alternative design concepts for a new train station precinct in Perth, Western Australia, that incorporated possible built environment interventions. Subsequently, we discuss potential future applications of health impact PSS for the translation and application of health evidence into practice.

Smart Cities in the Global System of City-Regions: The French Regulation School’s Perspective

The study aims to analyse the rise of the smart city as part of the global trend of the rise of city-regions in late capitalist society. By using the methodology of the French Regulation School (FRS), the authors show that political and economic significance of smart city projects are based on their unique role in revamping the failing consumption characteristic of the ongoing crisis of the late capitalist, or as the FRS theorists call it, the post-Fordist regime of accumulation. Through the analysis of the smart city’s role in stimulating innovations and maintaining the consumption patterns needed for the continuing market growth, the present research postulates the hypothesis of the rise of the city-centred system of global developmental governance as a necessary move along the existing trajectory of transition toward the post-Fordist system of production and regulation. The authors argue that the worldwide rise of the smart city movement should be seen through the lens of stabilization of the late capitalist mode of development. A key shift in evolution of the existing global political and economic system is the formation of networked organizations that connect smart cities of the first, global, and the second, regional, echelon into a unified system of governance, which represents a new mode of regulation for the post-Fordist society.

On the Impact of Information Technologies Secondary-School Capacity in Business Development: Evidence From Smart Cities Around the World.

Smart City initiatives across the globe have spurred increasing demand for high-skilled workers. The digital transformation, one of the main building blocks of the Smart City movement, is calling for a workforce prepared to develop novel business processes. Problem-solving, critical and analytical thinking are now the essential skills being looked at by employees. The development of the so-called STEM curriculum, Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics is being given a lot of attention by educational boards in response to preparing young generations for the Smart City work market. Based on the IMD Smart City Index, PISA, and World Bank reports, we develop a model for assessing the impact of the IT secondary school capacities on Smart-City business developments. The model reveals the relationship between the technological capacity of the secondary-school, and the business activity of a Smart City. Moreover, the study shows the existence of a positive relationship between the IT capacity of secondary schools and the resulting entrepreneurial activity of the city. Our results are of interest to decision-makers and stakeholders responsible for designing educational policies and agents involved in the digital transformation and development of Smart Cities initiatives.

Smart City Implementation and Citizen Engagement in Indonesia

The smart city concept has been implemented in countries worldwide as the solution for various urban problems. In Indonesia, the smart city movement was initiated in 2017 to create 100 smart cities. Previous studies identify challenges to the implementation and that smart people or smart citizens are essential dimensions of a smart city. This study aims to gain insights into the smart city implementation and citizen engagement in Indonesia through the online social network by conducting a focus group discussion (FGD) with four academicians and in-depth interviews (IDIs) with six representatives of the related government institutions. FGD and IDIs indicate that the implementation of smart cities should be adjusted according to the local situation. The critical success factors of the implementation are namely, local wisdom, transformational leadership, sustainability, and political content. The results also reveal that, in general, the city residents have been involved in implementing of the smart city through the online social network. However, a kind of incentive system is still required to ensure that the city residents are encouraged to solve the city problems.

The City in the Age of Remix

As a method of cultural production and communication, remix has permeated the way the social space is perceived, conceived of and lived. Physical social space is captured, constructed and mediated with digital tools and by a multitude of users. The explosive use of cultural software and social media is actively shaping the experience of architectural and urban space. Smart city movement proponents advocate for a kind of participatory decision-making in cities that is akin to digital social space dynamics. Within the architectural practice, the space is first produced as a digital remix. The social space, both online or offline, physical or digital, crowdsourced or expert-designed, is socially produced as a collective assemblage of the fragments of digital images. This essay aims to outline four trajectories by which physical (architectural and urban) social space is intertwined and remixed with digital (social media and the web) social space, and the broader implications of such cross-hatchings. Additionally, this paper aims to bring this term to architectural and urban discourse. Positing that remix has become the dominant model of spatial production in the contemporary world, what are the implications of it for the social space and for the public?