Smart City Concept Research Articles

Sustainable Smart Cities Planning in Conjunction with Environment Governance

In the present age, many issues have been brought to the forefront with the development of cities, hence the concept of sustainable smart cities has been introduced. Based on the methodology of big data analytics and related technologies, this paper gives the planning for sustainable smart cities from several perspectives. Starting from the analysis of urban industries and architecture, this paper analyses the distribution of urban population, presents and analyses the use of renewable energy sources in cities and the use of advanced traffic systems through several successful cases, and introduces the application of internet technology at the end. Many perspectives in this paper start with examples from real cities, thus giving evaluations as well as suggestions for optimisation. The analyses of smart cities throughout the text also deal with environmental governance, aiming to make the topic of sustainable development realisable, so that the economy and environment of the smart cities in the future can be mutually reinforcing.

Designing the Urban Smart Futures Agenda for Lancaster, UK

The smart city concept has garnered a lot of interest; however, it often falls short when it comes to providing clarity on the benefits it can offer. Discussing smartness in the context of cities and their inhabitants requires the involvement of a wide range of stakeholders in decision-making. Similarly, the decision-making process is often unclear and can lack integrity. For this reason, in this research, we clarify this process and establish a smart agenda for urban areas. Specifically, this study focusses on the existing research in truly smart cities (where liveability is at the heart of decision-making). The research team implemented the assessment model (SMART) during a facilitated workshop under COVID-19 restrictions. Taking societal, environmental, health, economic, and governance liveability perspectives into account, the results yielded a set of recommendations for designing the smart urban agenda, which can support cities that aspire to become smart.

Peningkatan Literasi Teknologi IoT untuk Mendukung Implementasi Smart City di Masyarakat Perkotaan

The implementation of Internet of Things (IoT) technology in the smart city concept has become an important innovation that plays a major role in improving the quality of life of urban communities. IoT enables the integration of various interconnected devices and systems to optimize the management of city resources such as energy, transportation and security. This research aims to encourage the influence of IoT technology on the implementation of smart cities in several cities in Indonesia. Using qualitative and quantitative methods, this research collects data through interviews with city stakeholders as well as secondary data analysis from related reports and publications. The research results show that the application of IoT in smart cities has a significant impact on increasing operational efficiency, better environmental management, and improving public services. However, this research also found a number of challenges, such as limited infrastructure, data security problems, and low digital literacy among the public. In conclusion, although IoT has great potential in accelerating the implementation of smart cities, policies are needed that support and increase society's capacity to reach the full potential of this technology.

The convergence of IoT and sustainability in global supply chains: Patterns, trends, and future directions

This study investigates the pivotal role of Internet of Things (IoT) applications in advancing sustainable supply chains through a comprehensive analysis of research trends, international collaborations, and thematic evolution. Utilizing data from the Web of Science database, the research employs an innovative methodological framework combining keyword network analysis, country collaboration networks, and thematic mapping. The study reveals seven distinct keyword communities, highlighting the dominance of enabling technologies and the emergence of sector-specific applications. Analysis of international collaborations identifies five country clusters, each with unique research foci and collaborative patterns. The thematic map and evolution analysis uncover critical research gaps, including underexplored areas such as security in IoT-enabled supply chains and the integration of smart city concepts. The study projects future research directions, emphasizing the convergence of artificial intelligence and IoT, and the need for more holistic approaches to sustainability in supply chain management. The findings underscore the potential of IoT to foster sustainable business models that balance economic, social, and environmental benefits. This research contributes to the growing body of knowledge on IoT applications in sustainable supply chains by providing a multifaceted analysis of the field’s structure, evolution, and future trajectory. The insights offered are valuable for researchers, policymakers, and practitioners seeking to leverage IoT for creating more efficient, resilient, and sustainable supply chains in an increasingly globalized and environmentally conscious market.

A Digital Twin of a University Campus from an Urban Sustainability Approach: Case Study in Madrid (Spain)

The development of geographic information systems has grown significantly over the past decade. Simultaneously, the concept of smart cities based on the management of large volumes of data has also spread worldwide. The digital twin concept has recently been incorporated into the technological domain of urban management. However, currently, phases such as technological integration, standardization, data and process interconnection, the development of tools and utilities, professional training, and the application of digital urban development in real-world situations are converging. This paper presents the experience developed on a university campus, detailing each of the phases carried out from the initial design to a fully operational pilot phase model. The article highlights the importance of certain aspects to consider in each phase, demonstrating that there are barriers and limitations and at the same time, great strengths and opportunities in applying the digital twin model in urban management, considering aspects such as mobility, accessibility, energy management, and involving students and university administrators in the process.

Participation of Citizen as Social Capital in LAPOR! Application in Indonesia

Citizen engagement is crucial for the success of smart cities. In urban areas, communities as social capital has an interpersonal bond that unites people. Due to the complexity of urban issues like pollution, waste, and population density, citizens can monitor the government's work priorities to solve the problem. This article focuses on smart cities from a human-centered perspective, emphasizing the role of information technology. In Indonesia, citizens' rights awareness is facilitated by the National Public Service Complaint Management System (SP4N) or People's Aspiration and Online Complaints Service (LAPOR!), which acts as social capital. This article explores five key aspects of smart cities and smart citizenship: governance, citizen participation, infrastructure, public spaces, and urban livability. While ICT-driven approaches can swiftly transform cities, a community-based approach fosters long-term shifts. Meanwhile, limited citizen involvement contributes to ecosystem degradation in Indonesia and underscores the urgency and importance of citizen engagement in urban planning. In democratic societies, citizens hold power, and concepts of smart citizenship encompass civic intelligence and, at the same time, also value local knowledge. In Indonesia, LAPOR! reflects smart citizenship, enabling transparent reporting of aspirations and complaints. However, factors like limited access and education of citizens affect its use. This research used qualitative methods with content analysis methods. Qualitative content analysis is used to examine the textual content of websites. Using LAPOR! SP4N in Indonesia to see the implementation of the concept of smart society and smart city. Participatory processes should contribute substantially to urban planning and governance. Information technology serves as a temporary solution for long-term urban planning issues. Broader concerns like public policy and participatory democracy must also be considered. In conclusion, this article explores the dynamic relationship between smart cities and smart citizenship, highlighting the importance of active citizen engagement and the potential of technology to empower communities for positive urban transformations.

Key Dimensions in Smart Cities' Rankings - Towards Enhancing the Quality of Life for Smart Cities’ Inhabitants

Abstract Motivation: Urbanization, demographic trends, globalization, and sustainable development contribute to the emergence of smart cities, which entail the intelligent integration of economy, governance, mobility, environment, daily life, and people. Smart city concept means a solution to support the growth of urban areas. One significant aspect discussed in the context of smart cities is the quality of life for their inhabitants. Smart cities are prevalent worldwide, but there is no universally accepted index for accurate and reliable global rankings. Essential criteria for evaluation include livability, health, technology, mobility and transport, economy, environment, governance, and sustainability. The primary objective of this paper is to address the following questions: How do smart cities enhance the quality of life for their inhabitants? What are the key dimensions and indicators used in smart cities rankings in the context of quality of life? Which cities are considered the smartest globally according to the most prominent rankings, and are there any European cities among them? Aim: The aim of the article is to explore the main dimensions and indicators in smart cities indexes and to present the first three smartest countries based on 2022 rankings. The article answers the question which of the key dimensions of smart cities' rankings are most consistent with the areas of improvement in the quality of life of the inhabitants of these cities. This manuscript may prove valuable for researchers planning to assess the benefits and challenges associated with smart cities.

Identification of MSMEs' Decision in Using Digital Payment as Part of the Smart City Concept Implementation in Lhokseumawe City

Pada era saat ini yang sudah serba digital banyak masyarakat yang menggunakan berbagai produk digital payment, Digital payment memudahkan masyarakat, khususnya pelaku Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM), dalam melakukan transaksi yang lebih cepat, aman, dan efisien. Hal ini menjadi sangat relevan dalam upaya pengembangan konsep smart city yang mengedepankan penggunaan teknologi untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup masyarakat di perkotaan Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui jenis digital payment yang paling diminati dan faktor apa saja yang mempengaruhi keputusan UMKM di kota Lhokseumawe dalam menggunakan digital payment sebagai media transaksi non tunai. Penelitian ini menggunakan quisioner dalam pengambilan data. Sampel penelitian ini adalah UMKM di kota lhokseumawe yang menggunakan digital payment sebagai metode pemabayaran sebanyak 100 sampel dapat diolah dengan menggunakan Structural Equation Modeling Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS). Hasil penelitian ini yaitu dari 100 UMKM yang menjadi responden yang menggunakan digital payment di kota lhokseumawe, jenis digital payment yang paling diminati adalah BSI Mobile (44%), QRIS (38%), DANA (14%) dan Shopepay (4%). Faktor yang mempengaruhi keputusan UMKM dalam menggunakan digital payment dikota lhokseumawe diantaranya persepsi pengaruh sosial, persepsi kemudahan dan persepsi resiko.

Educational Environment and a Smart City

In the modern world, the integration of digital technologies into various spheres of life stimulates the development of the concept of smart cities, where digital innovations are used to optimize the management of resources, infrastructure and education. The article discusses the importance of digital education in the context of a smart city, emphasizing its role in the formation of the educational environment and the development of society. A study conducted in Minsk among students, graduates and retraining students reveals the requirements for digitalization of education and its impact on educational processes in a smart city. The survey results provide valuable data for the development and implementation of a unified urban educational environment based on digital platforms.

Three-Dimensional Web-Based Client Presentation of Integrated BIM and GIS for Smart Cities

Smart cities use technological solutions to reduce the drawbacks of urban living. The importance of BIM and GIS integration has increased with the popularity of smart city and 3D city concepts in recent years. In addition to 3D city models, Building Information Modeling (BIM) is an essential element of smart cities. The 3D city model web client in this study displays three-dimensional (3D) city models created using photogrammetric techniques, BIM, and campus infrastructure projects. The comparison and integration of the aforementioned systems were evaluated. A web-based 3D client framework and implementation for combined BIM and 3D city models are the goals of the submitted work. The Web is a very challenging platform for 3D data presentation. The Cesium engine based on HTML5 and WebGL is an open-source creation and the virtualcityMAP application using the Cesium infrastructure was used in this study.

Harmonizing Urban Futures: Integrating Smart and Sustainable City Principles

In an era marked by rapid urbanization and evolving urban challenges, understanding the intricate relationship between sustainable and smart city principles is paramount for shaping resilient and future- ready cities. This study delves into the integration of sustainable and smart city principles, aiming to illuminate their interconnectedness in contemporary urban contexts. By analyzing the latest academic understanding of this integration, the research contributes to the development of comprehensive frameworks guiding urban development strategies. Through bibliometric analysis using VOSviewer, key factors such as air quality, intelligent transportation systems, internet connectivity, urban growth, solar energy, and learning processes emerge as central to understanding the interplay between smart and sustainable cities. This analysis informs efforts towards integrated urban development and resilience. The study hypothesizes that smart city principles build upon sustainable city foundations, as evidenced by interrelated indicators across urban domains. Recognizing the significance of this integration, urban planners and policymakers can craft strategies that prioritize sustainability, innovation, and inclusivity, thus shaping resilient and future-ready cities. By elucidating the symbiotic relationship between smart and sustainable city concepts, this research offers insights crucial for addressing contemporary urban challenges and fostering sustainable urban development globally.

Development of an "Integrated Sustainability Performance Indicators" Model for the Smart City Program in Makassar

The Need to Understand Factors Influencing Community Participation in Smart City Programs and to Evaluate Their Impact on Urban Progress This study aims to explore the implementation of the Smart City concept in Makassar, focusing on aspects of inclusion, sustainability, and the application of telemedicine technology. The research employs a quantitative methodology, designing a structured questionnaire encompassing variables such as environmental quality, economic vitality, social equity, and technological innovation. Data were collected through various online platforms and analyzed using statistical techniques like correlation analysis and regression modeling. The findings indicate that the majority of participants are males under 30 years old, with backgrounds in farming and entrepreneurship, reflecting high interest in the Smart City concept among this demographic group. These insights are crucial for realizing an inclusive and sustainable Smart City in Makassar and highlight the importance of accessibility and active participation from all community sectors for the success of the Smart City program.

Application of Electrical Automation in Smart City

With the acceleration of urbanization, the concept of smart city came into being, aiming to improve the efficiency of urban management and the quality of life of residents through advanced information technology and integrated innovative technologies. Electrical automation is the foundation and support of smart city construction, and its intelligent and automated application is crucial to realize the functions of smart city. This article explores several key application areas of electrical automation in smart cities, including smart grids, smart buildings, smart transportation, smart security, etc., and analyzes how these technologies contribute to the development of smart cities, as well as the benefits they bring, and looks at future trends.

A Quantitative Assessment Approach to Implement Pneumatic Waste Collection System Using a New Expert Decision Matrix Related to UN SDGs

An innovative decision matrix has been developed to guide the selection and implementation of Pneumatic Urban Solid Waste Collection Systems (PUSWCS) in smart city projects. This study comprehensively collects and analyzes data on the advantages and disadvantages of pneumatic collection systems from technical, economic, and social perspectives. A decision-making tool was created to address the complexities of evaluating the desirability of incorporating PUSWCS in municipalities or specific areas, using a holistic approach. The tool assesses the technical, economic, and social feasibility of implementing PUSWCS, aligning it with the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Specific variables are measured to assess compliance with the SDGs, distinguishing technical aspects from economic and social aspects. The methodology includes surveys of system users and technicians, expert assessments, and the development of a decision matrix that cross-references study variables and SDGs. The matrix assigns numerical values to the Magnitude (M) and Impact (I) of each variable, enabling quantitative interpretation. This holistic approach accommodates the complexities of waste management and diverse stakeholder perspectives. The results demonstrate the matrix’s effectiveness in accurately assessing the desirability of implementing PUSWCS. This confirms the matrix’s ability to optimally integrate with innovative smart city concepts and align with long-term sustainability goals. The study concludes that the design of the decision matrix allows the collection of information from experts, users, and stakeholders about economic, social, and environmental variables and relates them to the SDGs, to obtain a numerical result that allows to decide whether in a given urban environment it is advisable to implement a PUSWCS.

The Intersection of the Internet of Things and Smart Cities: A Tertiary Study

Since the transition from an agricultural to an industrial economy, cities have attracted large masses of people in search of their facilities. Cities are symbols of progress and opportunities. However, urbanization also brings with it several problems and challenges. Smart Cities (SC) offer a way to address these challenges by using technology to make cities more efficient, sustainable, and livable. There are numerous technologies that enable the concept of smart cities, including the Internet of Things (IoT). The IoT provides the fundamental sensing infrastructure that allows connecting and virtualizing the physical world, extracting environmental variables that serve as initial inputs for decision-making processes. Such processes are provided by software systems whose construction and execution need to deal with the dynamism, heterogeneity and often serendipitous nature that permeate both the domains of smart cities and IoT. As the integration of IoT and Smart Cities paradigms is still at an early stage, and there are not yet holistic solutions to explore the full potential of such a synergy, we carried out a literature review on the topic. In particular, the objective of this article is to describe the results of a structured literature review to identify general concepts about quality attributes, applications, technologies, and challenges of IoT solutions applied to the SC domain. Our main goal is to assist in understanding the basic concepts of the research area through the search for secondary studies. This review is a tertiary study covering 17 reviews and aims to promote a high-level discussion on the identified characteristics and provide an overview of the area to promote a better perception of current development needs and opportunities.

Implementation of smart mobility and relationship with transportation planning and regional development: A case study of South Tangerang city

Urbanization and suburbanization have led to high population growth in certain city regions, resulting in increased population density and mobility. Therefore, there is a need for a concept to address congestion, public transportation, information and communication systems, and non-motorized vehicles. Smart mobility is a concept of urban development as part of the smart city concept based on information and communication technology. Through this concept, it is expected that transportation services will be easily accessible, safe, comfortable, fast, and affordable for the community. This research aims to analyze smart mobility and its relationship with regional transportation planning and the development of South Tangerang, as well as to design a policy strategy model for the planning and development of South Tangerang with smart mobility. The research method used in this study is a mixed method, including analyzing the relationships and weighting of relationships between variables using the Cross Impact Multiplication applied to a classification (MICMAC) matrix. Multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) with Promethee software is also used to obtain the necessary policies. The results of this research indicate that the measurement of relationships between variables shows that smart mobility influences regional transportation planning, smart mobility affects regional development, and regional planning affects regional development. This research also provides alternative policies that policymakers should implement in a specific order. First, ensure the availability of public transportation; second, improve public transportation safety; third, enhance public transportation security; fourth, improve public transportation routes; fifth, provide real-time information access; sixth, improve transportation schedules; and seventh, increase the number of bicycle lanes.

Integrating Smart City Technologies for Enhanced Urban Sustainability

The concept of smart cities has emerged as a transformative approach to addressing urban challenges while promoting sustainability and enhancing quality of life. This paper explores the integration of smart city technologies as a strategic framework for achieving urban sustainability goals. Key components include the deployment of Internet of Things (IoT) devices, data analytics, and digital infrastructure to optimize resource management, improve efficiency in public services, and mitigate environmental impact. By analyzing case studies and current trends, this study underscores the potential of smart city technologies to foster innovation, resilience, and inclusive growth in urban environments. Ultimately, it advocates for a holistic approach where technological integration is leveraged to create sustainable, livable cities for present and future generations.

PROPOSAL FOR AN EMBRYONIC MODEL TO PROMOTE SMART CITIES, IMPLEMENTED IN A BOTTOM-UP FORMAT, APPLIED TO THE AMAZON REGION

Environmental changes, many of which result from human negligence, have driven managers to adopt sustainable practices that adhere to the concept of Smart Cities, a concept that is becoming popular among administrators of Brazilian metropolises. This movement has been corroborated by ABNT standards and the federal government. However, in less developed regions such as Northern Brazil, where challenges are greater and resources are limited, traditional top-down urban development strategies such as BRTs have proven inefficient as initial solutions. This article investigates the feasibility of implementing projects for Smart Cities in the Amazon region given the scarcity of resources. It proposes an alternative bottom-up model titled Smart Launch, which is shown to be more viable for sustainable development in regions with these characteristics. The model recommends starting with smaller and more manageable projects that can be easily implemented without extensive bureaucracy or significant investments. Once established, the model can be quickly replicated and adapted in other locations. The case of the UsiPaz (Peace Plants) in Pará exemplifies the success of this approach and has been taken as a case study, showing significant reduction in violence rates and an increase in the sense of community belonging, as evidenced by qualitative research through semi-structured interviews with managers from three plants in different neighborhoods of the metropolitan region of Belém.

Embracing the digital era: the integration of urban design management in smart city concepts on Kertek Urban Area

Embracing the digital era: the integration of urban design management in smart city concepts on Kertek Urban Area

Business Models of Public Smart Services for Sustainable Development

The smart city concept has entered the public debate over the last decade as a concept for the development of urban space for the efficiency, improvement and availability of public and private services and sustainability. The Business Models Canvas is most often used in the literature for the creation of business models of smart services. On the basis of the above, we investigated whether the Business Models Canvas is the most used tool for creating business models for public smart services in Slovakia and whether cities and municipalities need to evaluate their models for the provision of public smart services. However, there is no commonly used methodology for evaluating smart city business models to help both practitioners and researchers choose the best option. The goal of the research is to create a tool for evaluating business models of public smart services in smart cities. The base method used was the Delphi method, based on the previous primary (content) analysis process of the Business Model Canvas best practices. In total, 709 towns and villages participated in the primary research. Subsequently, the obtained data were evaluated and used for further research using the Delphi method, in which 28 experts participated. The research was carried out between 2020 and 2023 in Slovakia. Primary research confirmed that the Business Models Canvas is the most used tool for creating business models for public smart services in Slovakia and cities and municipalities need to evaluate their models for the provision of public smart services. Areas and basic building blocks were also identified for the design of the evaluation methodology of business models for public smart services. The proposal of the methodology for evaluating business smodels for public smart services in Slovakia was implemented using the Delphi method with the cooperation of 28 experts. Based on the results of the Delphi method, a methodological procedure for evaluating business models for public smart services was established. The methodology proposed in the paper is a simple, organized, flexible and transparent system that facilitates the work of evaluators of business models of public smart services and marketing.