Small Intestine Percentage Research Articles

Addition of Synbiotic Pediococcus pentosaceus Strain N6 Isolate and Cassava Peel to the Gastrointestinal Profile of Super Native Chickens

This study aims to determine the effect of the addition of synbiotic isolate Pediococcus pentosaceus Strain N6 and cassava peel on the digestive tract profile of super native chickens, which is mixed into the ration of super native chickens. The amount of material used was 100 super native chickens. The method used is an experimental method with a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 5 replicates. The treatments consisted of P0 (Basal ration without the addition of synbiotics (Control)), P1 (Basal ration + feed additive 150 ml/kg ration), P2 (Basal ration + feed additive 300 ml/kg ration), P3 (Basal ration + feed additive 450 ml/kg ration). Parameters observed were slaughter weight, percentage of proventriculus, percentage of gizzard, percentage of small intestine, percentage of cecum, length of small intestine and length of cecum. The data were analyzed by analysis of variance and DMRT further test. The results showed that the addition of synbiotic isolate Pediococcus pentosaceus Strain N6 and cassava peel did not have a significant effect (P>0.05) on the percentage of proventriculus with an average of 0.311-0.428%, the percentage of gizzard with an average of 1.939-2.457%, the percentage of small intestine with an average of 2.721-3.959%.

The Effect of Providing Fermented Pineapple Peel in The Ration on The Performance of Peking Ducks

This research aims to determine the performance of male Peking ducks given rations containing fermented pineapple peel at the Teaching Farm, Faculty of Animal Science, University of Mataram. The research was carried out for 10 weeks using a Completely Randomized Design, consisting of 6 treatments and 5 replications. Each replication used 8 male Peking ducks aged two weeks so that the number of ducks used was 240. The treatments were P0 = control, P1 = 5% fermented pineapple peel, P2 = 10% fermented pineapple peel, P3 = 15% fermented pineapple peel, P4 = 20% fermented pineapple peel and P5 = 25% fermented pineapple peel. The research variables were: final body weight, body weight gain, ration consumption, Feed Converation Ratio, percentage of carcass and non-carcass analyzed using analysis of variance. The results of the study showed that giving fermented pineapple peel up to a level of 25% had a significant effect (P<0.05) on final body weight, body weight gain and feed consumption, but was not significantly different (P>0.05) on the feed conversion ratio, carcass percentage, small intestine length, small intestine percentage, liver percentage, and leg percentage. Conclusion: Providing fermented pineapple peel to a level of 10% increased final weight, body weight gain, feed consumption, head and neck percentage but reduced heart percentage and gizzard percentage. Feed conversion ratio, carcass percentage, small intestine length, small intestine percentage, liver percentage, and leg percentage were relatively similar between treatments.

Performance, carcass characteristics and non-carcass components of Texel × Santa Inês lambs fed fat sources and monensin

Performance, carcass, non-carcass and commercial cuts and components of Texel × Santa Ines crossbred lambs, managed in confinement and fed diets based on soybean oil, soybeans and a conventional diet, with or without the use of monensin (78 ppm dry matter basis) were evaluated. Thirty-six Texel × Santa Ines lambs (18 males and 18 females) were managed in intensive systems. Animals were slaughtered after 87 days of confinement, and performance, carcass characteristics, weight and percentages of carcass and non-carcass components were evaluated. The animals fed the control diet had heavier carcass and parts than animals fed soybean, while the oil diet did not differ from the controls in most parameters. The animals fed soybean showed lower intake kg dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and metabolizable energy (ME) compared with animals fed the control diet, increased ether extract (EE) intake in kg, % body weight (BW) and metabolic weight (MW) and did not differ from the soybean oil diet. Animals receiving monensin had lower DM intake, OM, CP, EE, NDF, gross energy (GE) regardless of the expression, % kg BW, or % PM, than the animals that did not receive the additive. Males produced better and had heavier cuts than the females; the latter deposited subcutaneous fat earlier. Animals that received oil or soybean showed greater body weight and small intestine percentage. Soybean oil intake did not improve performance, carcass weights or parts of Santa Ines × Texel lambs in confinement. Soybeans at 15% dry matter reduced energy intake and lamb performance. The use of monensin at 78 ppm on a dry matter basis is not recommended for lambs in confinement, especially if associated with oil or soybeans that may harm animal performance.

Capsule Endoscopy: A Valuable Tool in the Follow-Up of People With Celiac Disease on a Gluten-Free Diet

OBJECTIVES:Traditional celiac disease guidelines recommend follow-up endoscopy and duodenal biopsies at 6–12 months after commencing a gluten-free diet (GFD). However, histology may remain abnormal even 1–2 years later. We evaluated the role of capsule endoscopy in patients with celiac disease after treatment with a GFD.METHODS:Twelve adult patients with newly diagnosed celiac disease were prospectively enrolled. All patients had baseline symptom assessment, celiac serology (tissue transglutaminase antibody, tTG), and capsule endoscopy. Twelve months after commencing a GFD, patients underwent repeat symptom assessment, celiac serology, upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, and capsule endoscopy.RESULTS:At baseline, capsule endoscopy detected endoscopic markers of villous atrophy in the duodenum and extending to a variable distance along the small intestine. On the basis of small bowel transit time, the mean±s.e.m. percentage of small intestine with villous atrophy was 18.2±3.7%. After 12 months on a GFD, repeat capsule endoscopy demonstrated mucosal healing from a distal to proximal direction, and the percentage of small intestine with villous atrophy was significantly reduced to 3.4±1.2% (P=0.0014) and this correlated with improvement in the symptom score (correlation 0.69, P=0.01). There was a significant improvement in symptom score (5.2±1.0 vs. 1.7±0.4, P=0.0012) and reduction in immunoglobulin A–tTG levels (81.5±10.6 vs. 17.5±8.2, P=0.0005). However, 42% of subjects demonstrated persistent villous abnormality as assessed by duodenal histology.CONCLUSIONS:After 12 months on a GFD, patients with celiac disease demonstrate an improvement in symptoms, celiac serology, and the extent of disease as measured by capsule endoscopy. Mucosal healing occurs in a distal to proximal direction. The extent of mucosal healing correlates with improvement in symptoms. Duodenal histology does not reflect the healing that has occurred more distally.

Effects of Dietary Antibiotic Treatment on Yield of Commercial Broilers

Two studies were conducted in which chickens of a commercial broiler strain were fed nutritionally adequate diets fortified with either 27.5 ppm of bacitracin methylene disalicylate (BMD) or 11 ppm virgmiamycin for a 49-day feeding period. At the conclusion of the study, samples of birds were processed in a pilot processing facility to determine possible effects of the antibiotics on carcass yield or weight of various parts of the carcass in comparison with yields of birds fed an unsupplemented diet. Little or no change in overall dressing percentage or in weight of various carcass parts was elicited by dietary antibiotic supplementation. Weight and percentage of small intestine were reduced by antibiotic supplementation.