Small Caucasus Research Articles

Quality Indicators and Nutritive Value of Glycyrrhiza glabra L. Depending on Development Phases in the North-Eastern Part of the Small Caucasus

The soil and climate conditions in Azerbaijan enable the extensive development of the licorice along with other technical crops. The licorice has been known to people since ancient times, and today in various fields of national economy, in medicine, in solving the problem of feeding with agricultural products, creating a diverse feed base for livestock is one of the most important problems. In the article, the quality indicators and nutritional value of licorice were studied depending on the development phase in the north-eastern part of the Lesser Caucasus.

Ditransitive constructions in Caucasian Urum–The effect of givenness on the linearization of objects

This paper investigates ditransitive constructions in Caucasian Urum, an Anatolian variety of Turkish spoken in the Small Caucasus in Georgia, which reveals strong influences from its contact language Russian. The study presented in this paper compares the effect of givenness on the linearization of the two verbal arguments (indirect and direct objects) in Turkish, Russian and Caucasian Urum. The results of the study are two-fold. Firstly, the results reveal that the verb in the Urum descriptions either precede, follow or occur between the two objects, whereas the Turkish and the Russian native speakers in the study solely use V-final or V-initial orders, respectively. Secondly, the results show a strong effect of givenness on the order of recipients and patients in Turkish and Russian, whereas the Urum descriptions show a general preference for IO¡DO orders, independent from givenness. Further analyses on the data imply that neither word order nor morphological markers, such as case marking or the use of articles, are reliable factors in order to determine the discourse status of objects in Urum.

Scientific Validity of Approaches to Solving a Number of Agricultural Problems in Azerbaijan

Annotation: The Republic of Azerbaijan, which translates into a physically-geographical area, a way to the eastern part of the Caucasus, where the Big and Small Caucasus, Tallinn Region, Kurinskaya oblast and Nakhichevan. The Republic is 86.6 this. Per km2 or 40% of the landfill make up the oil, 60% of the landfill, and snow. He small Caucasus and its lowlands, the complex geographical location of Azerbaijan's historic lands, have been inhabited for thousands of years and have been used extensively in agriculture and livestock. The complexity of the natural conditions here and the ineffective activities of people have led to increased anthropogenic pressures and exogenous processes, which have led to catastrophic erosion processes that have developed and developed. The results of the soil-erosion study conducted in the occupied territories of the region (2004-2012) show that all types of erosion, including surface, linear, silt, grass, as a result of the complex geological and geomorphological situation of the Karabakh region and the combined impact of anthropogenic pressure. Wind and military erosion have developed in a wide range and are measured by the following average statistics. Goranboy-40.9%; Tartar - 45.0%; Aghdam - 31.3%; Barda - 23.2%, Yevlakh - 26.4%; Kelbajar - 52.4%; Beylagan - 19.8%; Aghjabadi - 15.7%; Fizuli - 45.7%; Gabriel - 63.3%; Zinc - 57.7%; Qubatly - 44.0%; Lachin - 48.0%; Serum-20.9%; Upper Karabakh - 37.0%, which means that 884,000 ha of agricultural land is in danger of being out of crop rotation.

Scientific and spiritual significance of advanced irrigation technology for increasing the fertility and biological activity of lowland slopes of the small Caucasus: (As an example of the Garabagh region)

Scientific and spiritual significance of advanced irrigation technology for increasing the fertility and biological activity of lowland slopes of the small Caucasus: (As an example of the Garabagh region)

The syntax of focus in Caucasian Urum

Caucasian Urum is an Anatolian variety of Turkish spoken in the Small Caucasus in Georgia, which shows crucial influences from its contact language Russian, especially in the syntax and the lexicon. One result of this language contact is that both OV and VO orders can occur in similar discourse contexts. This paper examines the effect of focus on word order preferences in Caucasian Urum in comparison to its substrate language Turkish and its contact language Russian. The results of the semi-naturalistic speech production study reveal several interesting differences between the three object languages. One major finding is that the position of foci in Urum is far more flexible than in Turkish and Russian, which implies that the change in the Urum word order led to an extension of the information structural possibilities of the language.

Economic Problems and Environmental Challenges in Ore Mining in Azerbaijan

The economic and ecological recommendations on integrated and efficient management are made for the Dashkesan Mine in the north-east of the Small Caucasus and for sulphide–complex ore deposits on the South Slope of the Big Caucasus with a view to applying modern methods and resource-saving technologies in extraction of basic metals and alloy elements, management of mining waste, dust and gases, reducing production cost and environmental protection.

Discovering the prehistory of multilingual situations in the lexicon. An empirical study on the Caucasian Urum vocabulary

Multilingual situations are reflected in the lexicon; by consequence, lexical borrowings are powerful evidence for language contact in the prehistory of linguistic communities. This article presents an empirical study on the lexical knowledge of Caucasian Urum speakers, i. e., ethnic Greek speakers in the Small Caucasus, who are bilingual in a variety of Turkish (Urum) and Russian. The analysis is based on the established assumption that certain concepts are cross-linguistically associated with a certain likelihood of borrowing. Based on this assumption the data from lexical knowledge allow for insights with respect to the substrate/superstrate status of the involved languages in a multilingual situation and provide evidence for the type of relation (genetic or contact-induced) between compared languages.

Environments and societies of small Caucasus (Armenia) in the light of the Quaternary climatic changes and landscape mutations

This article was submitted without an abstract, please refer to the full-text PDF file.

Guerrilla Warfare, Counterinsurgency and Terrorism in the North Caucasus: The Military Dimension of the Russian – Chechen Conflict

For more than five years Russian troops have been embroiled in a counterinsurgency war in Chechnya, the second war they have fought in that small Caucasus republic since the mid-1990s. The first wa...

The Perils of Counterinsurgency: Russia's War in Chechnya

years, Russian troops have been embroiled in a counterinsurgency war in Chechnya, the second war they have fought in that small Caucasus republic since the mid-1990s. The arst war, from December 1994 to August 1996, ended when Russian and Chechen ofacials signed a peace agreement at Khasavyurt in the neighboring Republic of Dagestan. The Khasavyurt accord, which led to the withdrawal of Russian troops from Chechen territory and three years of quasi independence for the republic, stipulated that the two parties would resolve the anal status of Chechnya by the end of 2001. Before any negotiations about this matter could be held, however, a series of events beginning with deadly incursions by Islamic extremists from Chechnya into Dagestan in August 1999 culminated in a large-scale resumption of aghting between Russian federal forces and Chechen guerrillas—aghting that has continued ever since. This article assesses Russia’s counterinsurgency operations during the latest war in Chechnya. The article begins by looking brieoy at the geographic and military context of the war, the events that precipitated the renewed aghting, and the early results of the conoict. It then examines the tactics used by Chechen guerrillas and the responses by Russian soldiers and security forces. The article considers why Russian troops and police, who outnumber the rebels by more than afty to one, have been unable to eliminate armed resistance in an area as small as Chechnya. It also highlights the growing emphasis the Chechens have placed on terrorist attacks both inside and outside the North Caucasus. The anal section provides a net evaluation of Russian efforts. The Perils of Counterinsurgency