Smaller Calyx Research Articles

Salviapenghuana (Lamiaceae), a new species from Guizhou, China.

Salviapenghuana, a new species from Guizhou Province of southwestern China, is described and illustrated. Morphologically, Salviapenghuana is similar to S.filicifolia, but can be easily distinguished from the latter by ovate-lanceolate bracts, purple corolla, and foot-shaped fused lower arms of connective. In addition, S.penhuana is morphologically similar to S.cavaleriei, but differs by having 3-4-pinnate leave, ovate-lanceolate bracts, puberulent calyx, and longer upper arms of connective. Based on the fibril root, small calyx and corolla, and completely reduced posterior thecae, S.penghuana should be placed in section Sobiso of subg. Glutinaria.

Comparative analysis of unilateral and bilateral flexible ureterorenoscopy: a cohort multicentre study

Introduction. Flexible ureteroscopy (fURS) with laser lithotripsy is the «gold standard» for minimally invasive treatment in patients with kidney stones less than 20 mm. Currently, there are no objective data on the efficacy and safety of bilateral interventions.Objective. To study the results of bilateral flexible URS (B-fURS) versus unilateral flexible URS (U-fURS).Materials & methods. Eighty patients prospectively enrolled in the study from July 2022 to December 2022 and was divided into 2 groups. Group 1 (n = 40) underwent U-fURS and Group 2 (n = 40) underwent B-fURS. A single stone up to 20 mm or multiple small calyx stones was an indication for the operation. The baseline values were comparable between the groups, but in the B-fURS group a 39.0% higher incidence (p > 0.002) of multiple stones and a 28.0% higher incidence (p > 0.001) of stones in the lower pole. Previous interventions were also more frequent in Group 1 (B-fURS) patients.Results. Stone-free rate did not differ (p > 0.9) between the groups and was 95.0% and 97.5%, respectively. No serious complications (p > 0.9) of Clavien III–V were observed in both groups.Conclusion. Bilateral flexible ureteroscopy is a safe and effective option for patients with bilateral kidney stones, allowing removal of stones in one anesthesia on both sides.

MP68-17 IN-VIVO THERMAL SAFETY VALIDATION OF URETEROSCOPY LASER POWER – IRRIGATION RATE PARAMETER PAIRS

You have accessJournal of UrologyCME1 Apr 2023MP68-17 IN-VIVO THERMAL SAFETY VALIDATION OF URETEROSCOPY LASER POWER – IRRIGATION RATE PARAMETER PAIRS Ron Marom, Julie J. Dau, Khurshid R. Ghani, Timothy L. Hall, and William W. Roberts Ron MaromRon Marom More articles by this author , Julie J. DauJulie J. Dau More articles by this author , Khurshid R. GhaniKhurshid R. Ghani More articles by this author , Timothy L. HallTimothy L. Hall More articles by this author , and William W. RobertsWilliam W. Roberts More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1097/JU.0000000000003331.17AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail Abstract INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: High-power laser lithotripsy settings improve stone ablation rate and treatment efficiency but also can induce elevated fluid temperatures to a point of toxic thermal dose. Previous in-vitro work mapped out safety boundaries based on laser power/irrigation rate pairs. Our objective in this study was to assess the thermal safety of a range of laser power settings at different irrigation rates in an in-vivo model. METHODS: Ureteroscopy was performed in an anesthetized in-vivo porcine model with a novel prototype ureteroscope containing a thermocouple sensor at its tip. The distal end of the ureteroscope was positioned in the middle of a small calyx and maintained there for the entire experiment. Three trials of 60 seconds laser activation were carried out at each selected power setting and irrigation rate. Using MATLAB, thermal dose was calculated from the time-temperature curves for each trial using the Sapareto and Dewey formula. The threshold of thermal tissue injury was considered to be 120 equivalent minutes. Laser power-irrigation rate parameter pairs were categorized based on number of trials that exceeded thermal dose and designated in the figure as red (Unsafe) – all trials exceeded threshold, yellow – some trials exceeded threshold, green (Safe) – no trials exceeded threshold. RESULTS: The collecting fluid temperature was increased with greater laser power and slower irrigation rate. The calculated thermal dose was above threshold for the power setting of 17.5 Watts and irrigation flow rate of 9 ml/min. With irrigation flow rates greater than 24 ml/min, none of the tested laser power settings (up to 48 Watts) exceeded the thermal dose threshold from 60 seconds of continuous laser activation. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates a method to assess thermal safety of laser power-irrigation rate parameter pairs in an in-vivo porcine model. Building upon this foundation, other variables such as operator duty cycle and pedal activation time can be incorporated to more accurately replicate real-world patterns of clinical laser user. Additionally, the impact of mitigation strategies (higher irrigation flow rates, control of laser operator duty-cycle, limiting pedal activation time and use of chilled irrigation fluid) can be assessed with these standardized methods. Source of Funding: Boston Scientific © 2023 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 209Issue Supplement 4April 2023Page: e960 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2023 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Ron Marom More articles by this author Julie J. Dau More articles by this author Khurshid R. Ghani More articles by this author Timothy L. Hall More articles by this author William W. Roberts More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...

Лечение пациентов с хроническим калькулезным пиелонефритом.

Introduction. Frequent complications of kidney stone disease (KSD) are infectious and inflammatory processes in the organs of the genitourinary system, the most important of which is pyelonephritis. Adhering to a restrained tactic with small caliceal calculi, we observe a significant number of patients with chronic calculous non-obstructive pyelonephritis. Conservative treatment of these patients presents great practical difficulties, as it involves the mandatory parallel treatment of two diseases – pyelonephritis and KSD. The aim of this prospective study was to investigate the effectiveness of conservative therapy in patients with chronic calculous pyelonephritis. Materials and methods. The study included 100 patients with a verified diagnosis of chronic calculous pyelonephritis against the background of existing small caliceal calculi (up to 10 mm). Patients were divided into 2 groups, comparable in terms of the main evaluated criteria. Patients of the first (control) group (40 people) received etiotropic antibiotic course therapy in combination with antispasmodics and immunomodulators. Patients of the second (main) group (60 people) additionally for 3 months took the phytocomplex Onpelvicit 1 capsule 3 times a day under the control of urine pH. Results. At the control examination after 3 months in the group of patients treated with Onpelvicit the frequency of exacerbations of chronic pyelonephritis was significantly lower than in the control group of patients. In the main group, 50% of patients showed a decrease in the size of the calculus, in 15% of cases – complete litholysis. The noted positive effect in relation to chronic pyelonephritis is obviously associated with the phytocomponents of the drug. The effect on the size of the stones is largely due to the presence of sodium and potassium citrates in the complex. Citrate is one of the main inhibitors of crystallization. This effect is realized in both calcium oxalate and urate nephrolithiasis, although the mechanisms differ. Stabilization of the colloidal state of urine, normalization of the acidity index prevents the crystallization of salts and the growth of calculi. Conclusion. Chronic calculous pyelonephritis, which occurs against the background of small calyx calculi of the kidney, is a variant of a combined pathology that is widely encountered in urological practice. The dominant concept of management of this group of patients is to conduct conservative treatment. A pronounced acid reaction of urine in combination with crystalluria of one kind or another is a significant factor in the progression or recurrence of stone formation and the severe course of the inflammatory process. The present study shows that the correction of these disorders has a positive effect on the course of both diseases.

A new Hedysarum L. species (Fabaceae) from Türkiye, Hedysarum dazkiriense

A new species, Hedysarum dazkiriense, in the genus Hedysarum (Fabaceae) was described and illustrated here and is only known from Dazkırı district in Afyonkarahisar Province in Türkiye. The species belongs to sect. Multicaulia and it is closely related to H. syriacum, but it is distinguished from it by having 5–8 pairs and smaller leaflets (3–7 × 1–2 mm, not 4–6 pairs and 15–22 × 5–12 mm); calyx 2–3 mm long (not 8–9 mm), standard 14–16 mm long (not 18–22 (–24) mm). Also, it is similar to H. pestalozzae, but distinctly different from it by having smaller leaflets (3–7 × 1–2 mm, not 5–14 × 2.5–4 mm), smaller calyx (2–3 mm long not 4–6 mm), lomentum sparsely hirsute and without setae (not densely tomentose, with or without setae). Taxonomic descriptions, images, the identification key, phenology, palinology and the IUCN threat category of the new species were presented. In addition, the geographical distribution of H. dazkiriense, H. syriacum and H. pestalozzae were mapped.

Phylogenetics Support the Description of a New Sichuanese Species, Susanne’s Gentian, Gentiana susanneae (Gentianaceae)

Abstract— The region of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau hosts a remarkable biodiversity, including a plethora of endemics. There, the process of documenting biodiversity is still ongoing, and recently, an unusual plant of Gentiana section Frigida was discovered at Cuopu Lakes (Sichuan, China). Although Flora of China identified these specimens as G. algida based upon unmistakable traits (e.g. corolla colour and length, sessile flowers), it was obvious that the Sichuanese plants strongly differed morphologically from G. algida specimens from Siberia and North America. In order to clarify their relationships, we used an integrative approach, investigating not only morphological traits, but also phylogenetic relationships (based upon plastome and rDNA-cistron), as well as chloroplast structure. Whereas the rDNA-cistron phylogeny was poorly resolved, the plastome phylogeny was well supported in both Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood analyses. Our findings indicate that the samples of G. algida from Cuopu Lakes are morphologically and genetically distinct from those collected elsewhere, supporting the recognition of a new species, G. susanneae. The new species differs from G. purdomii (another similar species) by having sessile flowers, and from G. algida by being a generally much taller plant with more and longer flowers, and by having a smaller calyx. Gentiana susanneae clusters with other species from the region of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau from which it differs morphologically, and is only distantly related to the G. algida/G. frigida clade, which stems from a dispersal event out of Tibet. Based upon these solid lines of evidence, G. susanneae is described and illustrated (drawings and photographs). In addition, a conservation assessment and an identification key modified from Flora of China are provided.

The non-biological simulator with the ability to regulate the position of the kidney and bone landmarks: use for training puncture access in percutaneous nephrolithotripsy

Introduction. The non-biological simulators presented in the literature are far from the real human anatomy and are primarily aimed at developing the skill of the pyelocalyceal system (PCS) puncture without the possibility of imitating various intraoperative scenarios.Purpose of the study. To describe the manufacturing and initial testing of the ultrasound-guided PCS puncture simulator with arbitrary placement of bone landmarks and a kidney model, along with the use of a retrograde view during PCS puncture.Materials and methods. This study included training for 5 resident and 2 urologists. Each participant performed the puncture 5 times using an 18-gauge ultrasound-guided needle. A comparison was made between the number of attempts to form access, the duration of the puncture and its correctness (puncture into the small calyx through the papilla), as well as the correctness of determining the target calyx. The trajectory of the needle was retrogradely assessed using a semi-rigid ureteroscope, and the anatomical identification of the selected calyx was assessed using our mobile application.Results. The total number of attempts was 49 and 14 among residents and urologists, respectively. The average duration of the puncture step was 25.2 and 12.0 seconds. In 9/25 cases, residents were able to correctly analyze visual ultrasound information to determine the target calyx. When a contrast agent was injected into the PCS after 63 punctures, no contrast leakage was found.Conclusion. The proposed PCS puncture simulator allows to develop to develop all the necessary skills for cost-effective training of young urologists in the technique of percutaneous access.

A new species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae) from Kon Chu Rang Nature Reserve in central highlands of Vietnam

Lasianthus kbangensis V.S.Dang, Vuong & Naiki, a new species belonging to Lasianthus sect. Nudiflorae of Rubiaceae from the Central Highlands of Vietnam, is described and illustrated. This new species is similar to L. oblongilobus H. Zhu, but differs in having larger leaves, longer petioles, smaller calyx (calyx lobes) and corolla, and the color of ripen fruits. A table comparing the new species to closely related species is provided.

<p><strong><em>Pedicularis khoiyangii</em></strong><strong> (Orobanchaceae), a new species from the Eastern Himalaya, India</strong></p>

Pedicularis khoiyangii D.Borah & R.Kr.Singh, is described as a new species from the Eastern Himalaya, India. The new species belongs to Pedicularis series Rudes Prain and is closely related to P. prainiana Maximowicz, but differs by its larger size, longer inflorescence, distal bracts ovate, shorter pedicels, smaller calyx, densely silky villous nature, calyx teeth shorter with entire margins, equal, smaller corolla tube, shortly beaked galea, tip slightly emarginate, labium as long as galea, lobes unequal, stamens inserted at the base of corolla tube, style projecting out of the galea. This is the tallest species of Pedicularis recorded so far from India.

<p><strong>A new species and a new section of <em>Astragalus </em>(Fabaceae: Papilionoideae) from Mexico</strong></p>

We describe and illustrate Astragalus sagitticarpus A.E. Estrada, Villarreal & Encina (Fabaceae) as a new species from south-central Mexico. Its annual habit, free stipules, few leaves, small calyx teeth, and pendulous, persistent, stipitate, dorsoventrally compressed pod characterize this species. Added to other characteristics related to the other sections, but not in the same combination of them, such as habit, flower size, and union of the stipules allow recognizing a new section also.

Diospyros microcalyx (Ebenaceae), a new species from limestone areas in Guangxi, China

Diospyros microcalyx, a rare new species of Diospyros (Ebenaceae) from the southwest of Guangxi, China is described and illustrated. It is unique in having small calyx lobes, very large fruits 6–8(–10) cm in diameter without persistent fruiting calyx, and seeds with longitudinal grooves on the surface. A detailed description, along with line drawings, photographs, distribution, habitat and ecology, conservation status as well as a comparison to morphologically similar species is provided.

A new species of Reissantia (Celastraceae) from coastal Karnataka, India

Reissantia N. Hallé (1958: 466) is a small but widespread genus distributed in the Old World tropics of Africa and Indo-Malaya (Ramamurthy and Naithani, 2000). Members of Reissantia are climbing, scandent or erect shrubs with decussate leaves. They are characterised by small flowers borne in dichotomous cymes or panicles with accessory branches, small calyx and corolla with imbricate aestivation, inconspicuous disc that is mostly fused with the ovary, 3 stamens inserted at the base of the carpel, 3-locular ovary and 3-fascicled capsular fruit with seeds that have a basal membranous wing.

A New Crinoid Genus from the Middle Devonian of Iowa, USA (Camerata, Melocrinitidae)

Abstract. This study describes a new genus of melocrinitid crinoid from the Middle Devonian, Givetian Stage, of Iowa (subclass Camerata, family Melocrinitidae). The specimen described is assigned to Ronsocrinus gen. nov. within the family Melocrinitidae. Ronsocrinus rabia gen. et sp. nov. possesses a long heteromorphic column, small calyx plates with raised stellate patterns and a well-developed, long anal tube. Species within the family Melocrinitidae do not commonly possess a long anal tube or a spherical cup shape and the family diagnosis is expanded to include species with these characteristics.

The First Fossil Flowers of Bignoniaceae (Lamiales): Catalpa hispaniolae sp. nov. in Dominican Republic Amber

Two fossil flowers in mid-Tertiary amber from the Dominican Republic are described as Catalpa hispaniolae Poinar sp. nov. (Bignoniaceae). Their placement in the genus Catalpa Scop. is based on the following characters: flowers hypogenous, gamopetalous, zygomorphic, bisexual with a sessile ovary and single filiform style; calyx composed of two cup-shaped sepals; corolla bilabiate with five united petals; and two fertile stamens with oblong anthers consisting of divergent locules dehiscing via longitudinal slits. These flowers can be distinguished from extant members of the genus by the smaller calyx and corolla and lack of staminodia. These specimens represent the first definite fossil flowers of the Bignoniaceae.

Jasminum vietnamense(Oleaceae), a New Species from Vietnam

Jasminum vietnamense B.H. Quang & Joongku Lee, sp. nova (Oleaceae) from Quang Nam province of Vietnam is described and illustrated. It is morphologically similar to J. adenophyllum, J. fuchsiifolium and J. pierranum, but differs from them by having a comparatively smaller calyx tube, absence of domatia at vein axils of the leaf, and by considerably smaller bracts.

Ormocarpopsis Anosyana Thulin & Razafim. (Fabaceae), a New Species from Southern Madagascar and Its Phylogenetic Position

Thulin, M. & S.G. Razafimandimbison (2016). Ormocarpopsis anosyana Thulin & Razafim. (Fabaceae), a new species from southern Madagascar and its phylogenetic position. Candollea 71 : 281–286. In English, English and French abstracts. DOI: http//dx.doi.org/10.15553/c2016v712a13Ormocarpopsis anosyana Thulin & Razafim. (Fabaceae), a new species from the Anosy Region of south-eastern Madagascar, is described and illustrated. According to phylogenetic analyses based on nuclear ribosomal ITS sequences, the new species is, with strong support, sister to Ormocarpopsis mandrarensis Dumaz-le-Grand, another species confined to southeastern Madagascar. Ormocarpopsis anosyana differs markedly from Ormocarpopsis mandrarensis by its generally smaller leaflets with the secondary and tertiary venation drying more or less blackish beneath, by its shorter hypanthium, by its smaller calyx with the lowest tooth about as long as the others, by its wing-petals that are much longer than the keel, by its glabrous ovary, and by its slightly articulated fruits. Ormocarpopsis anosyana is known only from two collections from a single patch of spiny dry forest east of Imonty. It is assigned a preliminary conservation status as “Endangered”.

Agapetes xiana sp. nov. (Ericaceae) from Xizang, China

Agapetes xiana sp. nov., from Southeast Xizang, China is described and illustrated here. It is similar to A. xizangensis and A. subansirica, but differs from the former by its larger leaves, longer pedicels, smaller calyx lobes, yellowish green corollas and longer stamens, and from the latter by having inflorescences with fewer flowers, much longer pedicels, corollas and stamens. Its taxonomic position is also discussed.

A new species of Crepidorhopalon (Linderniaceae) from the Mutinondo Wilderness, Zambia

The new species Crepidorhopalon mutinondoensis from Zambia is described and illustrated. It is closely related to Crepidorhopalon latibracteatus and C. parviflorus from which it differs in the glabrous calyx and bracts except for the minute hairs along the margins of each, and the smaller calyx and corolla. It differs from Crepidorhopalon symoensii in the entire bracts and the long peduncle. A key to the species of Crepidorhopalon with capitate inflorescence is provided.

A new subspecies of Rosmarinus officinalis (Lamiaceae) from the eastern sector of the Iberian Peninsula

Rosmarinus officinalis subsp. valentinus (Lamiaceae) is described as a new subspecies in the flora of the Iberian Peninsula. The diagnostic characters for the subsp. valentinus include several morphological differences, mainly based on a distinctly prostrate habit, a reduced leaf size, smaller calyx and corolla, and white flower. A comparative table with diagnostic morphological features to distinguish among the three subspecies of the R. officinalis is provided. Habitat, ecology, greenhouse cultivation and phenolic profile are also considered.

A new species of Cyanea (Campanulaceae, Lobelioideae) from Maui, Hawaiian Islands

Cyanea kauaulaensis H. Oppenheimer & Lorence, sp. nov., a new, narrowly endemic species from Maui, Hawaiian Islands is described, illustrated with field photos, and its affinities and conservation status are discussed. It is currently known from 62 mature plants and is restricted to Kaua`ula and Waikapu valleys on leeward western Maui. It differs from all other species of Cyanea by its combination of many-branched habit; glabrous, unarmed, undivided leaves; small, narrow, glabrous corollas with small calyx lobes that do not persist in fruit; and bright orange, subglobose to obovoid fruits.