Evaluation Of Sleep Quality Research Articles

Inadequate sleep as a limiting factor in achieving remission in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

IntroductionGood sleep has a restorative effect at the cellular level and helps maintain the body's homeostasis. ObjectivesGiven our clinical experiences, we propose that sleep quality should be evaluated in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Poor sleep quality should be considered as a factor that may impact clinical outcomes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Materials and methodsWe researched medical literature on clinical and physiological pathways associated with sleep quality. ResultsThere is evidence that interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor have a role in inflammatory and immune imbalance as well as in sleep disturbance in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, which leads to the chronic inflammatory process seen in these patients. Most patients with rheumatoid arthritis report sleep problems, be it insomnia or other complaints of non-refreshing sleep. Lack of sleep or poor sleep patterns in these patients further compromise their quality of life. In patients with RA, aetiologies such as restless leg syndrome (RLS), sleep apnoea syndrome, and Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction (TMJ) syndromes might contribute to sleep disturbances. This lack of restful sleep might limit our goal, as treating physicians, to achieve remission states in these patients. ConclusionsIt is our opinion that sleep quality evaluation must be addressed, monitored, and treated as part of the management of patients with RA. Bad sleep adds an additional burden to disease activity in patients with RA, besides, it limits patients’ possibility of achieving disease remission.

Magnetic Garments Promote Parasympathetic Dominance and Improve Sleep Quality in Male Long-Distance Runners Following a 30 km Run

This study aimed to investigate the effects of high-intensity running on the autonomic nervous system and sleep quality of male long-distance runners and to examine the impact of wearing magnetic garments on these parameters. Fifteen highly trained male collegiate long-distance runners participated in a randomized, double-blind crossover study. Participants completed two 30 km runs (30k-RUN) during a 10-day training camp. After each run, they wore either magnetic (MAG) or non-magnetic control (CTRL) garments. Sleep quality and heart rate variability (HRV) were assessed using a wrist-worn device before and after each 30k-RUN. Wearing MAG garments post-30k-RUN resulted in significantly longer deep sleep duration compared to CTRL. HRV analysis revealed that the MAG condition led to a significantly higher root mean square of successive RR interval differences and high-frequency power, indicating enhanced parasympathetic activity. The low-frequency to high-frequency ratio was significantly lower in MAG than in CTRL. Perceived recovery scores were significantly higher in MAG than in CTRL. The findings of this study suggest that wearing magnetic garments following high-intensity endurance running may promote parasympathetic dominance and improve sleep quality in male long-distance runners. These findings indicate that magnetic garments may be a practical method for enhancing recovery in athletes following intense training.

Sleep State Monitoring System Based on Flexible Pressure Sensor Arrays for Evaluating Sleep Quality

Sleep State Monitoring System Based on Flexible Pressure Sensor Arrays for Evaluating Sleep Quality

A ballistocardiogram dataset with reference sensor signals in long-term natural sleep environments

To facilitate unobtrusive and continuous sleep monitoring and promote intelligent sleep quality assessment, we present a dataset that includes multiple nights of continuous ballistocardiogram (BCG) data collected using piezoelectric film sensors from 32 subjects in their regular sleep environments. Besides, the referenced heart rate and respiratory data are also recorded by reference sensors to validate the accuracy of the cardiac and respiratory components extracted from the BCG signals. The dataset serves as a foundation for research on unobtrusive vital sign monitoring based on BCG signals, offering data support for the evaluation and optimization of sleep quality.

An evaluation of sleep quality and nutritional status in nurses with different chronotypes

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of shift work on the sleep quality and nutritional status of nurses with different chronotypes. The study was designed to include 21 people from each chronotype and was completed with 60 participants. The participants were asked to record their food consumption during three different types of shifts they worked over a period of three days. We found that the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score of the evening types was higher than that of the morning types (p < 0.05). The evening types had significantly higher weight, BMI, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist-to-height ratio and neck circumference measurements than the morning types (p < 0.05). The daily energy, fat and SFA intakes of the morning types were significantly higher for those working 16:00–08:00 and 08:00–08:00 compared to those working 08:00–16:00 (p < 0.05). The highest carbohydrate intake was between 08:00–08:00. The amount of carbohydrate, energy and SFA consumed by the intermediate types between 08:00 and 08:00 was significantly higher than that consumed between 08:00 and 16:00. Chronotype and shift hours should also be taken into account when developing nutrition plans for participants who work shifts.

Combining Signals for EEG-Free Arousal Detection during Home Sleep Testing: A Retrospective Study.

Introduction: Accurately detecting arousal events during sleep is essential for evaluating sleep quality and diagnosing sleep disorders, such as sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome. While the American Academy of Sleep Medicine guidelines associate arousal events with electroencephalogram (EEG) signal variations, EEGs are often not recorded during home sleep testing (HST) using wearable devices or smartphone applications. Objectives: The primary objective of this study was to explore the potential of alternatively relying on combinations of easily measurable physiological signals during HST for arousal detection where EEGs are not recorded. Methods: We conducted a data-driven retrospective study following an incremental device-agnostic analysis approach, where we simulated a limited-channel setting using polysomnography data and used deep learning to automate the detection task. During the analysis, we tested multiple signal combinations to evaluate their potential effectiveness. We trained and evaluated the model on the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis dataset. Results: The results demonstrated that combining multiple signals significantly improved performance compared with single-input signal models. Notably, combining thoracic effort, heart rate, and a wake/sleep indicator signal achieved competitive performance compared with the state-of-the-art DeepCAD model using electrocardiogram as input with an average precision of 61.59% and an average recall of 56.46% across the test records. Conclusions: This study demonstrated the potential of combining easy-to-record HST signals to characterize the autonomic markers of arousal better. It provides valuable insights to HST device designers on signals that improve EEG-free arousal detection.

Virtual reality improves sleep quality and associated symptoms in patients with chronic insomnia

PurposeThe present study aimed to explore the effectiveness of virtual reality (VR) therapy on sleep quality and associated symptoms, such as depression and anxiety, cognitive decline and autonomic nervous dysfunction, in chronic insomnia patients. MethodsSixty-three chronic insomnia patients were randomly divided into VR group (n = 32) and control group (n = 20) based on a standard drug therapy. Patients were instructed to use VR at home once a day at evening for 6-week treatment. All participants received evaluations of subjective sleep quality measured with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), depression and anxiety symptoms measured with the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) and Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA), cognitive function, and objective sleep structure and autonomic nerve function examination measured with the sleep respiration monitoring device at baseline and after 6-week treatment. The main objective of this study was sleep quality assessment as the primary outcome. ResultsAfter 6-week treatment, the decreases in PSQI score (−5.60 ± 2.37 vs −4.10 ± 1.80, P = 0.020) and ISI score (−8.81 ± 4.52 vs −6.35 ± 2.89, P = 0.038) of the VR group were significantly greater compared with the control group. The VR group showed more reduction in HAMD score (−9.96 ± 4.41 vs −7.50 ± 2.89, P = 0.035) and HAMA score (−8.96 ± 3.80 vs −6.80 ± 3.22, P = 0.046), and more increase in processing speed (0.54 ± 0.60 vs 0.00 ± 0.79, P = 0.011) than the control group. Moreover, the low-frequency coupling (−10.00 ± 17.40 vs. 8.25 ± 20.03, P = 0.001) was lowered and the high-frequency coupling (9.99 ± 17.40 vs. −8.24 ± 20.03, P = 0.001) was elevated in the VR group relative to the control group. ConclusionOur findings offered preliminary evidence that VR therapy enhanced sleep quality and also lessened depressive and anxious symptoms, and improved cognitive and autonomic functioning in patients with chronic insomnia.

The effect of the application of adductor and Infiltration of local anesthetic between the popliteal artery and capsule of the knee (IPACK) block to patients on postoperative recovery and sleep quality following total knee arthroplasty: a randomized, controlled study

Aim: The adductor canal block (ACB) and IPACK (Infiltration of local anesthetic between the popliteal artery and capsule of the knee) block are motor protective blocks that provide effective analgesia and allow early ambulation. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect on postoperative recovery and sleep quality of patients applied with ACB and IPACK for total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Material and Method: This prospective, double-blinded, randomized, controlled study included 80 patients who underwent unilateral TKA under spinal anesthesia. The patients were separated as those applied with ACB+IPACK (Group ACB+IPACK, n=40) and a control group (Group C, n=40). The primary outcome was the postoperative first-day quality of recovery scale (QoR-15). Secondary outcomes were postoperative first and second-day Timed-Up-and-Go (TUG) test and range of motion (ROM), the total amount of rescue opioid drugs required, pain scales at different time points in the first 48 hours postoperatively, sleep evaluation on the postoperative and 6 following nights, and evaluation of sleep quality for 1 month using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Results: The QoR on postoperative days 1 and 7 were better in the ACB+ IPACK group than in the control group (p= 0.001, p= 0.002, respectively). On postoperative days 1 and 2, the TUG (p= 0.035, p= 0.019, respectively) and ROM (p=0.003, p=0.000) values were higher in the ACB+ IPCAK group. Postoperative opioid consumption was lower in the ACB+IPACK group (p= 0.012). The PSQI values at 1 month postoperatively were similar in both groups (p =0.095). Conclusion: The study results demonstrated that ACB+IPACK applied with ultrasound for TKA postoperative analgesia provided effective analgesia, higher QoR and physical performance, and reduced postoperative opioid consumption. However, there was no effect on postoperative sleep quality.

The Impact of Lunch Timing on Nap Quality.

Previous research has established that food intake is a biological regulator of the human sleep-wake cycle. As such, the timing of eating relative to sleep may influence the quality of sleep, including daytime naps. Here, we examine whether the timing of lunch (1 h vs. 2 h interval between lunch and a napping opportunity) impacts the quality of an afternoon nap. Using a randomized within-subject design over two separate experimental sessions (7 days apart), participants (n = 40, mean age = 25.8 years) consumed lunch 1 h and 2 h prior to an afternoon nap opportunity. Polysomnography and subjective self-reports were used to assess sleep architecture, sleepiness levels, and nap quality. Results revealed no significant differences in subjective ratings of sleep quality and sleepiness, or in sleep architecture (total sleep time, sleep efficiency, sleep onset latency, sleep stages) between the 1 h and 2-h lunch conditions. All sleep measures were similar when napping followed eating by either 1 h or 2 h, suggesting that eating closer to nap onset may not negatively impact sleep architecture and quality. Future research should continue to identify conditions that improve nap quality, given the well-documented benefits of naps to reduce sleep pressure and improve human performance.

Isotretinoin-Induced Hypersomnia: A Cross-sectional Study and Literature Review.

Isotretinoin is an oral retinoic drug for severe resistant acne cases that has controversially been associated with multiple psychiatric adverse effects. Research has primarily focused on depression and suicidality; however, a few case studies reported hypersomnia and sleep changes after isotretinoin initiation. To assess sleep quality and measure rates of hypersomnia, depression, and anxiety in patients undergoing isotretinoin therapy. This cross-sectional study was conducted at outpatient clinics of the university hospital. The rate of self-reported oversleeping was measured. In addition, researchers used the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index to assess sleep quality and conducted semistructured clinical interviews to detect depression and anxiety. Of 123 patients with acne on isotretinoin, 77 (62.6%) reported oversleeping. Nearly half (60 patients, 48.8%) were categorized as poor sleepers according to the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. The interviews revealed anxiety and depression percentages among 9.8% and 4.9% of participants, respectively. Hypersomnia was noticeably high in this study sample; thus, it may cautiously suggest a possible link between isotretinoin and hypersomnia. However, more research is needed to investigate this potential relationship.

Sleep quality and glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a common disease that imposes a substantial burden on the healthcare system and patients. Lifestyle modification such as sleep hygiene plays a crucial role in glycemic control. Sleep disorders impact many aspects of health. In this study, we aimed to investigate the correlation between sleep quality and glycemic control in T2DM. Method: This cross-sectional study was performed on 163 T2DM patients, attending Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Hamadan, Iran from March 2020 to 2021. Besides recording the demographic data and HbA1c level of participants, they were asked the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index questionnaire for evaluating sleep quality. We employed SPSS ver. 21 for data analysis and considered 0.05 as a significant level. Among all participants, 62 (38%) were female and 30.7% were illiterate. The mean age was 56.67 ± 12.90 years, and HbA1c was 9.03 ± 1.92 mg/dL. Among sleep metrics, mean waking time was 8.74 ± 1.74 hours, and average sleep time was 12.90 ± 4.90 hours. Overall, 58.2% of the participants had poor glycemic control and 44.8% were suffering from poor sleep quality. We found that patients with poor glycemic control exhibited significantly higher levels of sleep disturbances compared to those with good glycemic control (P < 0.001). Sleep quality is associated with glycemic control in patients with T2DM. Sleep disorders are common among diabetic patients. Thus, healthcare providers need to consider sleep quality improvement in their holistic approach to diabetes management.

Study on the classification of sleep stages in EEG signals based on DoubleLinkSleepCLNet.

The classification of sleep stages based on Electroencephalogram (EEG) changes has significant implications for evaluating sleep quality and sleep status. Most polysomnography (PSG) systems have a limited number of channels and do not achieve optimal classification performance due to a paucity of raw data. To leverage the data characteristics and enhance the classification accuracy, we propose and evaluate a novel dual-link deep neural network model, 'DoubleLinkSleepCLNet'. The DoubleLinkSleepCLNet model performs feature extraction and efficient classification on both the raw EEG and the EEG processed with the Hilbert transform. It leverages the frequency domain and time domain feature modules, resulting in superior performance compared to other models. The DoubleLinkSleepCLNet model, using the 2 Raw/2 Hilbert data modes, achieved the highest classification performance with an accuracy of 88.47%. The average accuracy of the EEG was improved by approximately 4.08% after the application of the Hilbert transform. Additionally, Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) demonstrated superior performance in processing phase information, whereas Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) excelled in handling time series data. The application of the Hilbert transform to EEG data, followed by processing it with a convolutional neural network, enhances the accuracy of the model. These findings introduce novel concepts for accelerating sleep stage prediction research, suggesting potential applications of these methods to other EEG analyses.

Evaluation of Sleep Quality Among People Living With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Taif, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by high blood glucose levels, which are highly associated with poor sleep quality, cardiovascular disease, and pathological changes. This research examines the relationship between sleep quality and T2DM and compares it with nondiabetics within the Taif community. The findings of this study will provide valuable insights and recommendations to enhance the overall health quality in Taif, Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 547 patients with T2DM between December 1, 2023, and April 1, 2024, in Taif. The sleep quality was assessed using the Sleep Quality Questionnaire (SQQ). Data were collected using an online questionnaire with two parts: primary demographic data and an assessment of sleep quality using the SQQ. Our study enrolled 814 participants, including 547 with T2DM and 267 nondiabetics. Participants with T2DM had poorer sleep quality, with a median score of 21 vs. 25 (P< 0.001). Significant factors affecting sleep quality included gender (P= 0.002), marital status (P= 0.023), and job status (P= 0.023). Nondiabetics had better sleep quality (76%) than participants with T2DM (61.1%). Males, married, and employed individuals reported higher sleep quality scores. Research indicates that individuals with T2DM experience lower sleep quality than the general population, particularly among female, unmarried, and unemployed individuals. To enhance sleep quality in patients with T2DM, it is essential to increase awareness, provide education on proper sleep habits, and highlight the importance of effective diabetes management, screening for sleep disorders, and consistent monitoring.

Evaluation of sleep quality in stage II and stage III colorectal cancer patients–secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial

Abstract Background: Sleep quality in cancer patients often does not receive sufficient attention from their treating physicians and nurses. This report aims to highlight this under-researched issue among colorectal cancer patients scheduled to receive adjuvant chemotherapy. Materials and Methods: This is a secondary analysis of data from 129 participants from a randomized controlled trial conducted to determine the nurse-led intervention’s effect on cognitive and non-cognitive functions and serum TNF-alpha levels in patients receiving chemotherapy for colorectal cancer at Tata Memorial Hospital. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was used to collect data on sleep quality. The study also explored potential reasons for the reported poor sleep quality in the selected cohort. Results: The prevalence of poor sleep quality was approximately 60%. Sleep was primarily affected due to poor sleep latency and sleep efficiency. Also, women were more likely to experience issues related to sleep. Patients did not consider it a significant issue to report to their treating physicians and nurses. Factors contributing to poor sleep quality included financial concerns, child-rearing responsibilities, and anxiety about disease outcomes. Conclusion: Cancer patients do experience poor sleep quality, and it is crucial to assess and address this issue promptly to prevent adverse responses to cancer therapy, which can lead to increased morbidity and mortality.

Evaluation of sleep quality among chemotherapy-treated cancer patients

Evaluation of sleep quality among chemotherapy-treated cancer patients

Impact of spa therapy on physical activity, sleep and heart rate variability among individuals with fibromyalgia: Results of an ancillary study

Spa therapy is recommended to manage symptoms of fibromyalgia, but the physiological mechanisms underlying this improvement have been poorly studied. In an original study, we explored the effect of a 3-week rheumatology spa treatment for fibromyalgia patients on quality of life and with a symptom severity questionnaire. We present here the results of an ancillary study which explored three secondary criteria using objective measurement methods: diurnal actimetry for physical activity analysis, nocturnal actimetry for sleep analysis and heart rate variability. Eighty-three fibromyalgia patients were randomized to participate in an immediate 3-week rheumatological spa therapy, either a start within 6 weeks after inclusion (interventional group, n = 39) or a delayed, start 6 months after inclusion (control group, n = 44). Patients were asked to wear an actimeter (n = 56) to assess diurnal physical activity and sleep quality and a 24-h Holter ECG (n = 60) to assess nocturnal heart rate variability at baseline, 3 months and 6 months after inclusion. Time spent in sedentary and light physical activity was reduced to ∼30 min at 6 months in the interventional group (P = 0.027). Sleep quality and heart rate variability were not improved. Spa therapy made it possible to reduce sedentary activities in patients’ daily life for up to 6 months afterwards, concomitant with the improvement in quality of life, pain and fatigue as highlighted in the original Thermalgi study.

Exploring the relationship between response time sequence in scale answering process and severity of insomnia: A machine learning approach

Utilizing computer-based scales for cognitive and psychological evaluations allows for the collection of objective data, such as response time. This cross-sectional study investigates the significance of response time data in cognitive and psychological measures, with a specific focus on its role in evaluating sleep quality through the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) scale. A mobile application was designed to administer scale tests and collect response time data from 2729 participants. We explored the relationship between symptom severity and response time. A machine learning model was developed to predict the presence of insomnia symptoms in participants using response time data. The result revealed a statistically significant difference (p < 0.01) in the total response time between participants with or without insomnia symptom. Furthermore, a strong correlation was observed between the severity of specific insomnia aspects and the response times at the individual questions level. The machine learning model demonstrated a high predictive Area Under the ROC Curve (AUROC) of 0.824 in predicting insomnia symptoms based on response time data. These findings highlight the potential utility of response time data to evaluate cognitive and psychological measures.

Sleep Symptoms in Migraine.

To review replicated and highlight novel studies of sleep in children and adults with episodic and chronic migraine. Attack-related sleep symptoms are most common in the prodrome and may represent early activation of the hypothalamus rather than migraine triggers. Interictally, patients with migraine report poor sleep quality and high rates of insomnia symptoms. Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia in adults and adolescents with chronic migraine and comorbid insomnia results in significant improvement on their headache burden. Thus far, objective studies report that migraine per se is a not associated with sleep apnea. At the present time, there is minimal evidence that migraine is under circadian influence. The current body of evidence suggests that the insomnia symptoms and poor sleep quality commonly reported by patients with migraine are not attack-related but occur interictally and are a marker of worsening disease. The development of clinical guidelines to approach sleep symptoms and expansion of CBT-I trials in those with episodic migraine would be clinically valuable.

Exploring Methodological Considerations: A Literature Review on How Lighting Affects the Sleep and Cognition in Healthy Older Adults

The impacts of lighting conditions on human circadian rhythms, sleep quality, and cognitive performance have been extensively investigated in the past two decades; however, these studies have yielded inconclusive and variable outcomes. For older adults who are at a higher risk of developing serious physiological and mental illnesses, such as Alzheimer’s or dementia, light therapy has emerged as a low-risk intervention to improve sleep quality and cognitive function. Nevertheless, the optimal methodology for evaluating the efficacy of light therapy in older adults remains unclear. This review has been conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and critically analyzes methodologies in previous studies on lighting's impact on sleep and cognitive performance in healthy older adults, focusing on how these approaches affect the findings. The review is structured into six domains: study setting and type, participant characteristics, lighting conditions, study design, sleep quality evaluation methods, and cognitive performance evaluation methods. Diverse study designs, methods, and population characteristics have influenced the outcomes. Bright light, applied from early morning to early evening, has been shown to enhance sleep and cognitive functions, notably working memory and concentration. It also benefits from dawn simulation throughout the day, which regulates circadian rhythms and improves sleep quality, although the ideal timing is yet to be determined. Intense short-wavelength lights and strong placebo conditions can counteract these positive effects, and using bright light in the evening may impair sleep and indirectly worsen cognitive performance in older adults. Further real-world experimental studies on this demographic, meticulous study designs, a combination of objective and subjective evaluation methods, and comprehensive reporting of lighting interventions are crucial for identifying the optimal lighting design approach for this population.

Associations of Subjective Sleep Quality with Wearable Device-Derived Resting Heart Rate During REM Sleep and Non-REM Sleep in a Cohort of Japanese Office Workers.

Associations between subjective sleep quality and stage-specific heart rate (HR) may have important clinical relevance when aiming to optimize sleep and overall health. The majority of previously studies have been performed during short periods under laboratory-based conditions. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations of subjective sleep quality with heart rate during REM sleep (HR REMS) and non-REM sleep (HR NREMS) using a wearable device (Fitbit Versa). This is a secondary analysis of data from the intervention group of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) performed between December 3, 2018, and March 2, 2019, in Tokyo, Japan. The intervention group consisted of 179 Japanese office workers with metabolic syndrome (MetS), Pre-MetS or a high risk of developing MetS. HR was collected with a wearable device and sleep quality was assessed with a mobile application where participants answered The St. Mary's Hospital Sleep Questionnaire. Both HR and sleep quality was collected daily for a period of 90 days. Associations of between-individual and within-individual sleep quality with HR REMS and HR NREMS were analyzed with multi-level model regression in 3 multivariate models. The cohort consisted of 92.6% men (n=151) with a mean age (± standard deviation) of 44.1 (±7.5) years. A non-significant inverse between-individual association was observed for sleep quality with HR REMS (HR REMS -0.18; 95% CI -0.61, 0.24) and HR NREMS (HR NREMS -0.23; 95% CI -0.66, 0.21), in the final multivariable adjusted models; a statistically significant inverse within-individual association was observed for sleep quality with HR REMS (HR REMS -0.21 95% CI -0.27, -0.15) and HR NREMS (HR NREMS -0.21 95% CI -0.27, -0.14) after final adjustments for covariates. The present study shows a statistically significant within-individual association of subjective sleep quality with HR REMS and HR NREMS. These findings emphasize the importance of considering sleep quality on the individual level. The results may contribute to early detection and prevention of diseases associated with sleep quality which may have important implications on public health given the high prevalence of sleep disturbances in the population.