Sleep Duration In Adolescents Research Articles

Bidirectional associations between short sleep duration, insomnia symptoms, and psychotic-like experiences in adolescents.

This study investigates the prospective associations between short sleep duration, insomnia symptoms, and psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) in a large sample of Chinese adolescents. This study utilized a three-timepoint repeated cross-sectional survey with two nested longitudinal subsamples. A total of 17,722 adolescents were assessed at baseline (April 21 to May 12, 2021) and six months later (December 17 to 26, 2021). Out of these, 15,694 adolescents provided complete responses to the questions at baseline and one year later (May 17 - June 6, 2022). A self-administered questionnaire was used to measure sample characteristics (at baseline), sleep duration, insomnia symptoms, and PLEs (at each assessment), and negative life events (at two follow-ups). Baseline short sleep duration and insomnia symptoms predicted frequent PLEs at both follow-up assessments. Additionally, baseline frequent PLEs also predicted insomnia symptoms at six months and one year later. However, when controlling for confounders, PLEs at baseline only predicted short sleep duration at six months, and not at one year. This study reveals bidirectional prospective relationships between short sleep duration, insomnia symptoms, and PLEs, even after controlling for covariates. Therefore, it is crucial to assess both sleep patterns and PLEs in order to promote optimal sleep and mental health among adolescents.

Different correlation between depressive symptoms and sleep duration on weekdays/weekends among adolescents in Taiyuan, North China

ObjectiveIn Chinese adolescents, the co-occurrence of depressive symptoms and short sleep duration constitute a serious public health issue. This study investigates the association between depressive symptoms and sleep duration of Chinese adolescents on weekdays as well as weekends. MethodsA multistage random cluster selection was utilized to select 2660 adolescents in Taiyuan, China. The survey contents included demographic characteristics, sleep duration, and depressive symptoms. ResultsAbout 41.95 % of students reported depressive symptoms with an average sleep duration of 7.71 ± 0.90 h. After adjusting for covariates, depressive symptoms were found to be positively correlated with sleep duration <6 h (OR = 1.88, 95 % CI: 1.20, 2.95) and 6 ~ h (OR = 1.61, 95 % CI: 1.18, 2.20) on weekdays, and sleep duration <6 h (OR = 2.10, 95 % CI: 1.17, 3.79) and 6 ~ hours (OR = 1.74, 95 % CI: 1.16, 2.62) on weekends compared with a sleep duration of 8 ~ hours. Only on weekdays, sleep duration of 7 ~ hours was positively correlated with depressive symptoms (OR = 1.39, 95%CI: 1.05, 1.84). On weekends, it was not associated with depressive symptoms (OR = 1.06, 95%CI: 0.82, 1.39). In subgroup analyses, female students (OR = 2.88, 1.97, 1.50) and middle school students (OR = 3.50, 2.07, 1.50) were more likely to experience depressive symptoms on weekdays with a sleep duration of <6 h, 6 ~ hours and 7 ~ hours. LimitationsSleep duration and depressive symptoms were self-reported measures. ConclusionThe study highlights that short sleep duration (< 7 h) increases the risk of depressive symptoms among adolescents regardless of weekdays or weekends. Just on weekdays, the sleep duration of 7 ~ hours was a risk factor for depressive symptoms. Further, gender, grade, and the only-child played significant modification effects between depressive symptoms and sleep duration. To conclude, this study will assist in the effective promotion of the education of adolescents' sleep health.

Sleepy and popular? The association between popularity, sleep duration, and insomnia in adolescents

Sleepy and popular? The association between popularity, sleep duration, and insomnia in adolescents

Sleep duration and social jetlag in healthy adolescents. Association with anxiety, depression, and chronotype: a pilot study.

Misalignment between sleep opportunity and chronotype preference during adolescence may affect sleep and mental health. The aim of this study was to objectively evaluate sleep duration and social jetlag (SJL) to observe if there is a relationship with anxiety, depression, or chronotype. Communitybased cohort study (n = 65) was conducted in Northern Europe. Participants recorded their sleep during the regular school schedule for 3 school nightsand 2 free nights with FDA-cleared/EU Medical Device Directive (CE-02862) compliant home sleep test. They also completed validated questionnaires to assess (MorningnessEveningness Questionnaire; MEQ), sleepiness (Epworth Sleepiness Scale; ESS), and insomnia (Insomnia Severity Index; ISI), anxiety (General Anxiety Disorder-7; GAD-7), and depression symptoms (Beck's Depression Inventory-II; BDI-II). Data werecollected during the last week of February and the first 2weeks of March, 2023. Average sleep duration on school nights was 7h, 15min, with 18% of participants on average sleeping ≥ 8h. Average sleep onset was significantly later on freenights (1hour, 47minutes; p < 0.0001) causing a high prevalence of moderate-severe SJL, in71%of participants. Evening chronotypes (prevalence 15.4%) fellasleep later on free nights, causing them to have significantly more SJL (2hours, 58minutes) than morningchronotypes (1hour, 32minutes) and intermediary chronotypes (1hour, 36minutes). Evening chronotypes also had more severeinsomnia (ISI + 4.4, p = 0.006; + 4.0, p = 0.001) and greater depressivesymptoms (BDI-II + 21.6, p < 0.0001; + 17.1, p < 0.0001). A significant negative correlation was observed between MEQ scores and ESS (r = - 0.287; p = 0.001), ISI (r = - 0.343, p < 0.0001), GAD-7 (r = - 0.185, p < 0.0001), BDI-II (r = - 0.501, p = 0.0001), and suicidal thoughts (r = - 0.294, p = 0.017). Adolescents are sleep-deprived and have a high prevalence of SJL that is positively correlatedwith depressive symptoms andeveningchronotype. That evening chronotypes have shorter sleep duration, more severe SJL, and significantly more sleepiness and insomnia, anxiety, and depressive symptoms may indicate possible benefits in identifying this group with the aim to assist them in improving their sleep habits with potentially positive effects on mental health.

The Impact of the Double School Shift System on Lifestyle Behaviors Among Mexican Adolescents

PurposeEarly school start times could adversely impact adolescent sleep duration. They could also impact other behaviors like diet and physical activity, either directly or indirectly through effects on sleep. We examined whether the double school shift system was associated with sleep, diet, and physical activity behaviors among Mexican adolescents. MethodsThe analytic sample included 305 Mexican adolescents from a cohort study (on average 14.53 ± 1.75 years old and 51% male). Sleep and physical activity were measured with wrist actigraphy, while diet and other lifestyle behaviors were assessed with questionnaires. Regression analyses were conducted to compare lifestyle behaviors between the morning and afternoon school shifts, adjusting for potential confounders. ResultsAdolescents attending the morning school shift (44%) had pronounced differences in sleep compared to those attending afternoon shift, including a 1.77-hour shorter sleep duration on weekdays (95% CI -1.55, −2.00), a 0.40-hour longer sleep duration on weekends (95% CI 0.10, 0.70), higher social jetlag (1.07 hours with a 95% CI of 0.87, 1.27), and an earlier chronotype. Morning shift students also had 0.85 hours longer sedentary time (95% CI 0.61, 1.10) and higher consumption of a meat and starchy food dietary pattern. Among boys only, morning shift was associated with a lower likelihood of smoking and higher consumption of a breakfast pattern. DiscussionOverall, attending a morning school shift was associated with shorter sleep, more social jetlag, greater sedentary time, and higher consumption of a meat and starchy diet. However, among boys, a few healthier behaviors were observed for the morning versus afternoon shift.

Sleep duration, timing & quality in healthy adolescents: association with anxiety, depression and chronotype; a pilot study

Sleep duration, timing & quality in healthy adolescents: association with anxiety, depression and chronotype; a pilot study

Sleep duration and screen time in children and adolescents: Simultaneous moderation role in the relationship between waist circumference and cardiometabolic risk according to physical activity

AbstractTo evaluate the simultaneous moderating role of sleep duration and screen time in the relationship between waist circumference (WC) and clustered cardiometabolic risk score (cMetS) according to children and adolescents' physical activity. A cross‐sectional study was conducted on 3072 children and adolescents (aged 6–17 years, 57.5% girls). Physical activity, sleep duration, and screen time were assessed through a self‐report questionnaire. The cMetS was determined by averaging the z‐scores of risk factors and dividing it by four. Moderation analyses were tested through multiple linear regression models. Among physically active individuals, sleep duration (p = 0.85) and screen time (p = 0.96) had no influence on the relationship between WC and cMetS. However, a positive interaction between WC x screen time and cMetS (p = 0.04) was observed for physically inactive participants. Concerning sleep duration, there was no interaction with WC. Participants who spent 60 min of screen time presented lower cMetS, even presenting high WC, compared to the higher tertiles of screen time (180 and 360 min). However, although the interaction between sleep duration and WC was not significant, it was observed that the lowest tertile of sleep duration (482 min) combined with 60 min of screen time presented lower cMetS even with the presence of high WC. Our findings encourage compliance with physical activity guidelines associated with the adoption of adequate screen time to minimize the influence of waist circumference on cMetS.

Screen time is negatively associated with sleep quality and duration only in insufficiently active adolescents: A Brazilian cross-sectional school-based study

BackgroundTime spent on screen devices affects sleep quality and duration leading to several health impairments in youth. Although physical activity (PA) benefits sleep patterns and decreases screen time in adolescents, it is unclear whether the relationship between sleep quality/duration and screen time could be influenced by PA levels. ObjectiveTo analyze the association between sleep quality and duration with screen time in Brazilian adolescents according PA levels. MethodsThe sample included 1010 adolescents aged 13.2 ± 2.4 years (n = 556 females − 55 % of the sample). Sleep quality and sleep duration, and PA were assessed by Mini Sleep and Baecke questionnaires, respectively. Participants in the highest quartile were classified as physically active. Screen time was analyzed by the self-reported number of hours spent on different screen devices (i.e., television, computer, videogame, and cellphone/tablet). Participants in the highest tertile were classified as having high screen time. Sex, age, and body mass index were considered covariates in binary logistic regression models. ResultsPoor sleep quality was observed in 52.3 % of the sample, whereas 46.6 % reported sleeping less than eight hours/day. High screen time was associated with poor sleep quality (OR = 1.45; 95 %CI = 1.01–2.12) and insufficient sleep duration (OR = 1.52; 95 %CI = 1.01–2.03) in adolescents insufficiently active. There were no associations between screen time and sleep parameters in active adolescents. ConclusionHigh screen time was associated with poor sleep quality and insufficient sleep duration only in insufficiently active adolescents. These results suggest that high PA levels may contribute to improving sleep patterns in pediatric population.

Sleep duration and cardiorespiratory fitness in adolescents: Longitudinal analysis from the LabMed study.

We aimed to investigate longitudinal associations between sleep duration and cardiorespiratory fitness, in adolescents. Sleep duration was self-reported and cardiorespiratory fitness was assessed by the 20 m shuttle run test, both at baseline and follow-up (2-year follow-up). Participants were 734 Northern Portuguese adolescents (349 girls), aged 14.6 ± 1.8 years, from the LabMed study. Significant decreases were found between baseline and follow-up for sleep duration, whereas for cardiorespiratory fitness there was an increase. Adolescents with short sleep duration at baseline had lower cardiorespiratory fitness at follow-up, comparing to those meeting the sleep guidelines (odds ratio [OR] = 0.506, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.326-0.785; p = .002 for whole week; OR = 0.597, 95% CI: 0.407-0.875; p = .008 for weekdays). Girls who were short sleepers at baseline had lower odds of having a healthy cardiorespiratory fitness at follow-up, comparing to those meeting the sleep guidelines (OR = 0.311, 95% CI: 0.158-0.613; p < .001 for whole week; OR = 0.469, 95% CI: 0.262-0.838; p = .011 for weekdays). No significant associations between sleep duration and cardiorespiratory fitness were found for boys. There was a significant longitudinal association between short sleep duration and lower cardiorespiratory fitness levels, particularly in girls. Future interventions targeting adolescents' sleep duration should acknowledge behavioral differences between genders, as well as different behaviors adopted by boys ang girls, specifically on weekends.

Reasons behind Sleep Deprivation among Adolescents: Evidence from Beijing

Although current studies have examined the association between multiple variables and sleep deprivation among adolescents, such as the use of electronic devices and stress, few studies managed to disassociate the variables and examine the impact of each one on sleep individually. The objective of this study is to examine which factor between the use of electronic devices, workload, stress and basic psychological needs of an individual has the most impact on sleep duration and quality of adolescents. 16 participants volunteered for this research measuring their sleep and deep sleep through commercially available smart band provided. They self-reported the sleep data recorded along with the amount of time spent on electronic devices and schoolwork, and a rating of workload and stress on a scale of 1-10 through a period of 38 days. Participants then completed a Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index questionnaire and a Self-Determination Theory questionnaire. Results show that stress has the most impact on both sleep duration and quality. The fulfillment of an individual’s psychological needs highly correlates with sleep: the unmet psychological needs directly influence other variables such as stress level which will affect sleep. This research shows inconsistency during data analysis when different method is applied potentially due to time constrain of this research, future research is needed to prove the validity of the finding.

The Influence of Pubertal Development on Early Adolescent Sleep and Changes in Family Functioning.

Pubertal development has been separately linked to adolescents' sleep problems and larger family functioning, but research connecting these inter-related processes remains sparse. This study aimed to examine how pubertal status and tempo were related to early adolescents' sleep and their family functioning. Using longitudinal data from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development study, the study's sample (N = 4682) was 49.2% female, was an average of 9.94 years old at baseline, and was 60.1% white. Analyses in the current study modeled the indirect associations between pubertal change and changes in family conflict via adolescent sleep duration and variability of duration. The results suggested that pubertal status and tempo predicted shorter adolescent sleep durations and greater variability in those durations, which predicted residual increases in family conflict. The findings highlight the role of adolescents' pubertal changes in their sleep and how such changes can negatively affect family functioning.

Caffeine consumption and association with sleep duration and screen time in Brazilian adolescents (ERICA Study)

ObjectivesSome studies have demonstrated that caffeine consumption is a risk factor for insufficient sleep or poor sleep quality in adolescents. The aim of this study was to estimate the average daily caffeine consumption and to investigate the association between caffeine, sleep duration, and screen time in a large sample of Brazilian adolescents. MethodsWe evaluated data from 71 533 adolescents aged 12 to 17 y, who participated in the ERICA study (Study of Cardiovascular Risk in Adolescents). Caffeine intake was extracted from 24-h dietary recalls of caffeine-containing products. The mean daily intake of caffeine/mg and caffeine/mg/kg, the prevalence of caffeine intake, and their respective 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated according to the general characteristics. Associations between caffeine consumption, sleep duration, and screen time were analyzed by a multinomial logistic regression model, considering P < 0.05. ResultsThe overall average daily caffeine intake was 99.45 mg (95% CI, 91.43–107.47) and 1.88 mg/kg (95% CI, 1.71–2.04). Daily caffeine intake >3 mg/kg was significantly associated with screen time ≤2 h/d (odds ratio [OR], 1.16; 95% CI, 1.06–1.26) and sleep duration ≥8 h (OR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.17–1.46), which remained significant after adjustment. The time of day of the highest caffeine consumption was in the morning (05:00–12:59). The most consumed caffeine-containing product was coffee (35%), followed by soda (27%). ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that caffeine consumption does not interfere with sleep duration or screen time. Moreover, the study provided important information about the source of caffeine most consumed by Brazilian adolescents, which could help professionals plan appropriate caffeine consumption.

Neighborhood and Household Environment as Contributors to Racial Disparities in Sleep Duration among U.S. Adolescents

ObjectiveRacial disparities in adolescent sleep duration have been documented, but pathways driving these disparities are not well understood. This study examined whether neighborhood and household environments explained racial disparities in adolescent sleep duration. MethodsParticipants came from Waves I and II of Add Health (n=13,019). Self-reported short sleep duration was defined as less than the recommended amount for age (<9 hours for 6-12 years, <8 hours for 13-18 years, and <7 hours for 18-64 years). Neighborhood factors included neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage, perceived safety and social cohesion. Household factors included living in a single parent household and household socioeconomic status (HSES). Structural equation modeling was used to assess mediation of the neighborhood and household environment in the association between race/ethnicity and short sleep duration. ResultsOnly HSES mediated racial disparities, explaining non-Hispanic (NH) African American-NH White (11.6%), NH American Indian-NH White (9.9%), and Latinx-NH White (42.4%) differences. Unexpectedly, higher HSES was positively associated with short sleep duration. ConclusionHousehold SES may be an important pathway explaining racial disparities in adolescent sleep duration. Future studies should examine mechanisms linking household SES to sleep and identify buffers for racial/ethnic minority adolescents against the detrimental impacts that living in a higher household SES may have on sleep.

The Impact of Longitudinal Patterns of Adolescent Sleep Duration on Adult C-Reactive Protein (CRP), Waist-To-Height Ratio, and Body Mass Index (BMI) Among Black and White Individuals

PurposeTo assess the impact of longitudinal adolescent sleep duration on adult C-reactive protein (CRP), waist-to-height ratio (WtHR), and body mass index (BMI) by race. MethodsParticipants (N = 2,399; Mage = 15.7; 40.2% male; 79.2% White, 20.8% Black; Grades 7-12 at Wave I) from the Add Health database provided self-reported sleep duration in Waves I-IV.During Wave V, CRP, WtHR, and BMI were objectively measured. Trajectory analysis was performed using a group-based modeling approach. Chi-square test determined racial differences between groups. General linear models determined relationships between trajectory group, race, and group/race interaction with Wave V CRP, WtHR, and BMI. ResultsThree sleep trajectories emerged: Group 1 “shortest” (24.4%), Group 2 “stable recommended” (67.6%), and Group 3 “varied” (8%). Black individuals and older individuals were more likely to be in Group 1 compared with Group 2. Regardless of race, individuals with patterns of sleep duration increasing to above what is recommended across waves (Group 3) had elevated CRP. Individuals with stable patterns of adequate sleep (Group 2) had lower WtHR. Black individuals with consistently stable patterns of adequate sleep duration had lower BMI compared to those with low sleep duration. DiscussionBlack individuals were more likely to obtain chronically short sleep during the transition from adolescence to adulthood, highlighting a significant health disparity. Poor longitudinal sleep predicted elevated CRP and WtHR. Sleep only impacted BMI for Black individuals. This may relate to racial differences in BMI measurement.

Association of health predictors with quality of life in children and adolescents.

To evaluate the association of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) with physical activity, food consumption, sleep duration and screen time in children and adolescents. Cross-sectional study with 268 students aged 10-17 years from a public school in Brazil. The outcome variable was HRQOL score, evaluated by the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory™ (PedsQL™). Exposure variables were habitual physical activity, food consumption, sleep duration, and screen time. A general linear model was used to estimate age-adjusted means and 95 % confidence interval (95 % CI) of HRQOL scores, and a multivariable analysis of variance to identify factors associated with lower/higher HRQOL scores. The study was approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee of the Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas. Overall HRQOL score was 70.3 (95 % CI: 68.0-72.6). Multivariable analyses showed lower HRQOL scores for those adolescents who: 1-were physically inactive (67.3; p=0.014); 2-sleep less than 6 h per night (66.8; p=0.003); 3-eat fruits and vegetables less than five days/week (68.9; p=0.027); and 4-eat fast food twice/week or more (68.6; p=0.036) when compared to their opposite groups. Screen time was not statistically significantly associated with total HRQOL. The joint association found in our study suggests that at least three habits must change to improve the HRQOL of children and adolescents (physical activity, food consumption, and sleep duration). Therefore, interventions in schools to promote a healthy lifestyle to achieve a better HRQOL should include a multidisciplinary team to properly guide children and adolescents about these habits simultaneously.

Earlier Bedtime and Its Effect on Adolescent Sleep Duration.

Sleep duration decreases by ∼10 minutes per year throughout adolescence. A circadian phase delayand changes in homeostatic sleep regulation enable adolescents to stay up later. We determine if teens are able to increase sleep duration by advancing bedtime and whether this ability changes with age. A younger cohort of 77 participants ranging in age from 9.9 to 16.2 years were studied annually for 3 years. An older cohort of 67 participants ranging in age from 15.0 to 20.6 years was studied only once. Annually, participants kept each of 3 different time in bed (TIB) schedules (7, 8.5, and 10 hours) for 4 consecutive nights. Participants kept their habitual weekday rise times; TIB was altered by advancing bedtimes. We report polysomnography-measured sleep durations from the fourth night of the TIB schedule. Despite increases in sleep onset latency and wake after sleep onset, sleep duration increased with TIB as bedtime was advanced. Average (SE) sleep duration increased from 402.8 (1.6) minutes with 7 hours to 470.6 (2.1) minutes with 8.5 hours to 527.5 (3.0) minutes with 10 hours TIB. Sleep duration decreased with age (1.55 [0.48] minutes/year), but the TIB effect on sleep duration did not (TIB by age interaction, P = .42). Adolescents can substantially increase sleep duration by advancing bedtime, and this ability does not change between ages 10 and 21 years. Additional research is needed to determine how to translate these findings from experiment-controlled sleep schedules to real-world sleep duration increases.

Starting a Romantic Relationship, Breakups, and Sleep: A Longitudinal Study of Chinese Adolescents

ABSTRACT Background Epidemiological data on the association between romantic experiences and sleep in adolescents are limited. This study examined the associations of starting a romantic relationship (SRR) and romantic breakups with insomnia symptoms and sleep duration in adolescents. Methods A total of 7,072 Chinese adolescents were surveyed in November–December 2015 and 1 year later. A self-administered questionnaire was used to assess SRR, romantic breakups, sleep duration, insomnia symptoms, depressive symptoms, substance use, and demographics. Results The mean age of the sample was 14.58 (SD = 1.46) years and half were female. SRR only, breakups only, and both (SRR + breakups) in the past year were reported by 7.0%, 8.4%, and 15.4% of the sample, respectively. At the baseline and 1-year follow-up, 15.2% and 14.7% of the sample had insomnia symptoms and 47.7% and 42.1% reported short sleep duration (<7 h/night), respectively. After adjusting for depressive symptoms, substance use, and demographics, SRR and breakups were significantly associated with 35–45% increased odds of insomnia symptoms at baseline. SRR + breakups were significantly associated with short sleep duration (OR = 1.28, 95%CI = 1.05–1.56). SRR (OR = 1.61, 95%CI = 1.16–2.23) and breakups (OR = 1.43, 95%CI = 1.04–1.96) were significantly associated with increased odds of incident insomnia symptoms at 1-year follow-up. These associations were stronger in younger adolescents (<15 years) than in older adolescents (≥15 years), especially in girls. Conclusions The findings suggest that SRR and breakups are associated with insomnia symptoms and short sleep duration, underscoring the importance of romantic relationships education and management of romantic stress for healthy sleep especially in early adolescent girls.

Affiliative Parent−Adolescent Bedtime and Waketime Interactions are Associated with Adolescent Sleep

ABSTRACT Objectives The current study examined whether evening and morning affiliation (i.e., warmth) and autonomy (i.e., more or less in charge) around sleep routines predicted adolescent sleep on weekdays. Method Participants were 28 parent (Mage = 43.19; 85.17% mothers) and adolescent (Mage = 12.34 years) dyads who completed the same electronic diaries morning and evening for 10 days, with a total number of 221 nights observed across dyads. Sleep duration and sleep quality were assessed via the Pittsburgh Sleep Diary; degree of affiliation and autonomy around bedtime and waketime routines were assessed with single items on a visual analog scale. Multilevel modeling was utilized to evaluate the effects of more or less affiliation or autonomy on sleep outcomes (i.e., duration and quality) between and within dyads. Results Across all participants, adolescents who reported more affiliative interactions with their parent around bedtime and waketime slept longer and had better sleep quality at night. Further, when adolescents experienced greater than average affiliative interactions with their parent than was typical for them, they had better sleep quality that night. Adolescent sleep quality and duration were not impacted by whether or not adolescents were in charge of their bedtime and waketime routines. Conclusions Findings support parents’ role in social and emotional security and highlight the importance of affiliative parent interactions around the sleep period for optimal sleep for young adolescents.

Sleep Duration in Adolescence and Its Prenatal, Perinatal, and Health Determinants in a Large Population-based Cohort Followed from Birth.

Objective To investigate sleep duration and its associated factors in adolescents aged 11 years from the 2004 Pelotas (Brazil) Birth Cohort Study. Methods Sleep duration was assessed using a self-report sleep habits. Independent variables included perinatal, sociodemographic, behavioral, and health characteristics. The associations were estimated using multiple linear regression. Results The mean sleep duration of 3,179 adolescents was 9.3 hour (SD =1.7 hour). Longer sleep duration was associated with lower socioeconomic status at birth (β: 0.37, 95% CI: 0.12; 0.61), lower mother's education level ( p < 0.001), and being female (β: 0.19, 95% CI: 0.06; 0.33). Shorter sleep duration was associated with cesarean section delivery (β: -0.16, 95% CI: -0.31; -0.02); having classes in the morning shift (β: -1.38, 95% CI: -1.51; -1.26), and lower terciles of physical activity ( p = 0.04). Conclusions The mean sleep duration observed in this study was consistent with the international recommendations for this age range. Adolescents from lower income families, who are more active, study in shifts other than morning, girls, and those born through vaginal delivery presented higher sleep duration than their counterparts.

Corticostriatal connectivity mediates the reciprocal relationship between parent-reported sleep duration and impulsivity in early adolescents.

Adolescence, a developmental period characterized by significant changes in sleep, is associated with normative increases in impulsivity. While short sleep duration has been linked to elevated impulsivity, the neural mechanism underlying the relationship between short sleep duration and elevated impulsivity remains poorly understood. We analyzed a dataset of 7,884 drug-naive 9-10 year-olds from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Among them, 5,166 have two-year follow-up neuroimaging data. Linear mixed-effects models, mediation analyses, and longitudinal mediation analyses were used to investigate the relationship between parent-reported sleep duration, impulsivity, and functional and structural connectivity between the cortex and the striatum. We found that less sleep duration is significantly associated with higher positive and negative urgency, which are two affect-related components of impulsivity. In addition, we observed a link between short sleep duration and reduced corticostriatal connectivity. Neural pathways associated with short sleep duration-functional connectivity between the cingulo-opercular network and the left caudate, and between the cingulo-parietal network and the right pallidum-mediated the association between sleep duration and positive urgency both at baseline and two-year follow-up. Longitudinal mediation analyses further revealed that short sleep duration and elevated positive urgency exacerbated each other through these two corticostriatal connectivities. These findings highlight the key role of corticostriatal connectivities in the reciprocal relationship between short sleep duration and elevated impulsivity. Given the increasing prevalence of short sleep duration in adolescents, the link between sleep duration, impulsivity, and corticostriatal connectivities has important implications for timely interventions to address impulsive problems in early adolescents.