Skidmore College Research Articles

Field Notes from the SITI Summer Workshop

From 1992 until 2021, SITI Company held an annual summer workshop at Skidmore College in Saratoga Springs, New York. In 2012 and 2013, four artists documented their daily experiences at the workshop on social media to share with artists they had met at a Winter Training session in the city earlier that year. From these memories comes an archival script that offers insight into SITI’s pedagogical models and the variety of ways students experienced SITI training.

“Three Cheers for the United Aggregate Tribunal!”: Confronting Anti-Union Discourse, Then and Now

In this piece, I discuss Charles Dickens's Hard Times (1855) in the context of my experience as one of the lead organizers of the successful campaign to unionize Skidmore College's non-tenure-track faculty. Dickens's novel outlines several claims that directly comprise modern anti-union discourse and that I saw straightforwardly rehearsed in 2022 as we sought to unionize. As an organizer and a Victorianist, I argue that we have ethical obligations in studying and teaching texts like Hard Times in light of the afterlives of their anti-union rhetoric. The Victorian industrial novel needs to be studied (and taught) from an explicitly pro-union perspective, by unionized workers. This paper contributes to that project.

Judge rules against former employee

Case name: Kinnin v. Skidmore College, No. 1:19‐cv‐629 (N.D. N.Y. 08/01/22).

Judge rules against former employee

Case name: Kinnin v. Skidmore College, No. 1:19‐cv‐629 (N.D. N.Y. 08/01/22).

The Wildland Firefighter Exposure and Health Effect (WFFEHE) Study: Rationale, Design, and Methods of a Repeated-Measures Study.

The wildland firefighter exposure and health effect (WFFEHE) study was a 2-year repeated-measures study to investigate occupational exposures and acute and subacute health effects among wildland firefighters. This manuscript describes the study rationale, design, methods, limitations, challenges, and lessons learned. The WFFEHE cohort included fire personnel ages 18-57 from six federal wildland firefighting crews in Colorado and Idaho during the 2018 and 2019 fire seasons. All wildland firefighters employed by the recruited crews were invited to participate in the study at preseason and postseason study intervals. In 2019, one of the crews also participated in a 3-day midseason study interval where workplace exposures and pre/postshift measurements were collected while at a wildland fire incident. Study components assessed cardiovascular health, pulmonary function and inflammation, kidney function, workplace exposures, and noise-induced hearing loss. Measurements included self-reported risk factors and symptoms collected through questionnaires; serum and urine biomarkers of exposure, effect, and inflammation; pulmonary function; platelet function and arterial stiffness; and audiometric testing. Throughout the study, 154 wildland firefighters participated in at least one study interval, while 144 participated in two or more study interval. This study was completed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health through a collaborative effort with the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Department of the Interior National Park Service, and Skidmore College. Conducting research in the wildfire environment came with many challenges including collecting study data with study participants with changing work schedules and conducting study protocols safely and operating laboratory equipment in remote field locations. Forthcoming WFFEHE study results will contribute to the scientific evidence regarding occupational risk factors and exposures that can impact wildland firefighter health over a season and across two wildland fire seasons. This research is anticipated to lead to the development of preventive measures and policies aimed at reducing risk for wildland firefighters and aid in identifying future research needs for the wildland fire community.

Studies Detail Heart Risks for Firefighters

Studies Detail Heart Risks for Firefighters

Bending the Clock: New Perspectives on Nineteenth-Century Ageing: A Roundtable Conversation

Over the past decade, several academic studies have taken nineteenth-century ageing as their topic, including Devoney Looser’s Women Writers and Old Age in Great Britain (2008), Karen Chase’s The Victorians and Old Age (2009), Kay Heath’s Aging by the Book (2009), and Alice Crossley’s special issue of Nineteenth-Century Gender Studies (2017). Following the publication of two significant new monographs — Andrea Charise’s The Aesthetics of Senescence (2020) and Jacob Jewusiak’s Aging, Duration, and the English Novel (2019) — the time is ripe for a synthesis of this dynamic cluster of scholarship, with special attention to where nineteenth-century perspectives on ageing is going, and ought to go, from here. Recorded in January 2020, this roundtable is a curated compilation of conversations with key scholars in the field: Devoney Looser (Arizona State University), David McAllister (Birkbeck, University of London), Ruth M. McAdams (Skidmore College), Jake Jewusiak (Newcastle University), and Travis Chi Wing Lau (Kenyon College). Edited by Andrea Charise, this roundtable assembles new perspectives on the present and future of nineteenth-century studies of age(ing), including: What’s next for age studies’ approaches to reading and teaching nineteenth-century texts? How might a better understanding of ‘old’ models inform our current day concerns with ageing populations and intergenerational discord? Can age studies research help make a case for the enduring role of the arts and humanities in a STEM-dominated culture? And how might attending to the old, ageing, and obsolete help address newly emergent global crises, including the rise of populism and climate change? Accessible in both audio format and textual transcription, this roundtable interview offers a timely resource for researchers, students, and a broader public interested in the literary present and futures of ageing and older age.

Drawing down the Moon: Magic in the Ancient Greco-Roman World by Radcliffe G. Edmonds III

Reviewed by: Drawing down the Moon: Magic in the Ancient Greco-Roman World by Radcliffe G. Edmonds III David B. Levy Radcliffe G. Edmonds III. Drawing down the Moon: Magic in the Ancient Greco-Roman World. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2019. Pp. xiv, 474. $45.00. ISBN 978-0-6911-5693-4. Publishers are invited to submit new books to be reviewed to Professor Michael Arnush, Skidmore College, 815 N. Broadway, Saratoga Springs, NY 12866; email: marnush@skidmore.edu. This is a fresh approach and welcome comprehensive account of phenomena of magic in ancient Greece and Rome. It will undoubtedly become a benchmark in the field of ancient magic scholarship alongside the studies by David Frankfurter (Guide to the Study of Ancient Magic, 2019), Lindsay Watson (Magic in Ancient Greece and Rome, 2019), Fritz Graf (Magic in the Ancient World, 1997), Georg Luck (Arcana Mundi: Sources, 1985), Daniel Ogden (Magic, Witchcraft and Ghosts, 2002), and Christopher Faraone and Dirk Obbink (Magika Hiera, 1991). Edmonds analyzes from nearly a millennium, from fifth century ce in ancient Greece to the fourth century bce. He also investigates a range of Mediterranean cultures, including Egypt and the Near East, and how the formation of magical practices differed across these cultures through time and geographic space. The book contains eight thematic chapters that are sandwiched by book-ends, including two theoretical introductions and a conclusion. The meat of the book explores a variety of genres, drawing upon literary sources and material culture. Edmonds examines images of witches, ghosts, and demons, as well as powers of metamorphosis, erotic attraction, reversals and alterations of nature. Ancient tablets, spell books, bindings and curses, love charms, healing potions, amulets, and talismans constitute the kinds of evidence treated. Twenty-one figures and eight colored plates testify to the material aspect of emic ritual practices. The theoretical introductions define magic in the ancient Greco-Roman world, differentiating between a non-normative or emic approach, and a normative or etic approach to ritual discourse. This is a question of whether magic should be viewed from the perspective of an insider-practitioner, who has often undergone initiation into mystery cults, versus an outsider scholarly analyst with objective criteria. The practitioner believes in the efficacy of enchantment and incantation to spellbind, while the academic views it as a sociological phenomenon as does P. Bourdieu (Revue francaise de sociologie, 12, [1972], 295–334). For example, Vergil as a literary artist seems to view the magical arts to encapsulate this power as when he writes carmina vel caelo possunt deducere Lunam (“incantations have the power to draw the moon down from the sky,” Ecl 8.69). Normative implies institutions related to religion, medicine, healing, and ritual that carry the authority of what Foucault calls power-knowledge regimes that socially sanction legitimacy. For Edmonds, magic is non-normative in emic terms. That is to say, with Durkheim, it is often anti-socially practiced by those at the margins of society who have been excluded from institutional power. While institutions rely on compliance that is submissive and supplicatory, magic often works outside the conventional social systems. Edmonds adopts criteria (efficacy, aims, social location, style of performance) which provide a litmus test for whether a magical act operates within the language discourse, a parlance web of magic terminology that often operates by symbolic encryptions of esoteric [End Page 355] keyed communication—what Malinowski calls obtaining to a “coefficient of weirdness.” Edmonds helps the reader better understand how certain practices, images, and ideas were labeled as magic and were set apart from normative practices, thereby shedding light on the shifting variable process of ancient normal religion in different ways by different groups. In this way, Edmonds is better able to attempt to define and conceptualize magic—its origins, nature, and functions. The eight illuminating and substantive chapters deal thematically with genres of magic. Chapter 3 is on defixiones or cursing malefic magic. Chapter 4 treats love charms and erotic magic. Chapter 5 considers protective magic as a defense against the dark arts. Chapter 6 considers prayer magic. Chapter 7 looks at some varieties of divination sometimes facilitated by necromancy. Chapter 8 contemplates astrology and its uses. Chapter 9 turns itself...

Judge rules against college

Case name: Doe v. Skidmore College, No. 1:17‐CV‐1269 (N.D. N.Y. 08/20/18).

President's Note

President's Note Amy Singer The "President's Note" briefly summarizes recent OTSA news. Time-dependent news and information are sent to members by email and/or posted to H-Turk, our H-Net network (https://networks.h-net.org/h-turk). OTSA is a membership organization. OTSA holds its regular members' meeting, including the announcement of awards, in conjunction with the annual Middle East Studies Association conference in the fall of each year. Annual dues entitle members to receive the Journal of the Ottoman and Turkish Studies Association, stand for election to become Board members and officers, and to serve on OTSA committees. Annual dues and contributions fund the annual OTSA awards and cover the minimal administrative costs of the organization as well as those associated with publishing and delivering JOTSA. Recognizing that earning power varies enormously among our current and potential members, we invite you to choose the membership category that best fits your budget. There is no difference among the categories in the status and benefits they offer. If you are not currently an OTSA member and would like to join, please access our website at http://www.ottomanturkishstudiesassociation.org/ and look for the "join" or "renew" link. A warm welcome to newly joining and rejoining members. Hoş geldiniz! News of OTSA The 2020 OTSA elections took place electronically in September. Our thanks to the members of the 2020 Nominating Committee for their thorough and considered preparation of the slate of candidates. The committee was chaired by Tijana Krstić (Central European University), serving together with members Aslı Iğsız (New York University) and Seçil Yılmaz (Franklin and Marshall College). Tijana now rotates off the committee as Antonis Hadjikyriacou (Panteion University, Athens) joins it. Our sincere appreciation to Tijana for her work on the committee! [End Page 5] Board Members Senem Aslan (Bates College) and Murat Yıldız (Skid-more College) have completed their terms, and we thank them for donating generously from their wisdom, time, and energies to OTSA matters, in addition to all their other responsibilities. Giancarlo Casale (University of Minnesota), Emine Evered (Michigan State University), and Will Smiley (University of New Hampshire) are now joined by newly-elected Board members Aslı Bali (UCLA) and Shirine Hamadeh (Koç University). We welcome them and look forward to the contribution that new ideas and perspectives bring to the OTSA Board. We deeply regret that Maureen Jackson (Independent Scholar) will be leaving her position as OTSA Secretary.* It has been a pleasure to work with her and we are grateful for her careful attention to OTSA matters, especially during the long months of the continuing COVID pandemic. Nominated and confirmed by the OTSA Board, Carole Woodall (University of Colorado Colorado Springs) now takes up the position of OTSA Secretary. Patricia Blessing (Princeton University) continues as OTSA Treasurer. Effective 1 December 2020, Baki Tezcan (UC Davis) has succeeded me as OTSA President. I will continue to serve on the Board for one year as Past-President. I am delighted to be passing this responsibility to Baki, who steps into the role with welcome new energies and ideas. He is well-known to all of us as a prolific and innovative scholar. He has already inaugurated a Zoom seminar series called "W'OTSAp in Ottoman and Turkish Studies?" launched in November 2020. The first event featured the 2020 Fisher Article Prize winner, Erik Blackthorne-O'Barr (See prize details below). We are all looking forward to meeting regularly in this forum! Baki steps into this OTSA leadership position at the beginning of our 50th-anniversary year. He and I have begun a project interviewing our predecessors in this role in order to create an oral history record of our organization at this jubilee juncture. We look forward to sharing these interviews with you during the coming year. 2020 Prize Winners We applaud the 2020 OTSA Prize winners, and thank all the committee members for volunteering their time and expertise to read and evaluate this year's submissions. Over the past two years, different members of OTSA have suggested that we need to evaluate critically the names attached to our prizes, in particular [End Page 6] those of...

The Plague of War: Athens, Sparta, and the Struggle for Ancient Greece by Jennifer T. Roberts

Reviewed by: The Plague of War: Athens, Sparta, and the Struggle for Ancient Greece by Jennifer T. Roberts Seth Kendall Jennifer T. Roberts. The Plague of War: Athens, Sparta, and the Struggle for Ancient Greece. New York: Oxford University Press, 2019. Pp. xxviii, 416. $19.95 (pb.). ISBN 978-0-19-094088-1. Publishers are invited to submit new books to be reviewed to Professor Michael Arnush, Skidmore College, 53 Warren Street, Saratoga Springs, NY 12866; email: marnush@skidmore.edu. On its surface, The Plague of War is a narrative of the Peloponnesian War, but such a simple description does not quite do its author’s achievement complete justice. By her own admission, Jennifer Roberts has slightly larger ambitions for her book; having observed that “(g)reat thinker that he was, it is time that Thucydides was uncoupled from the history of the Peloponnesian War” (xiv), Roberts proceeds to attempt this very thing. This is not, of course, to say that she wishes to dismiss Thucydides, whose work provides a substantial part of the scaffolding on which Roberts builds. Rather, she aims to go beyond him. This first and foremost means adopting a different ending for the war that is their shared subject: rather than concluding with Aegospotomi (where Thucydides suggests the war ended: 5.26.1), Roberts extends her narrative past that point and discusses its aftermath, including “the bloody Thirty, the persistent Conon, the inexorable Agesilaus, the shifting alliances of the Greek city-states, the brilliant Epaminondas, and the final blow dealt the Spartans on the field of Leuctra” (xiv). Indeed, she stretches further still to Mantineia in 362. Nor are these later years given cursory treatment restricted to a brief epilogue. Instead, close to a quarter of her book deals with these developments, seamlessly and fully integrating them into her overall account. But in addition to extending her analysis past 404, Roberts also adopts a broader field of vision, accomplished by looking—and in a fair amount of depth—at the art, architecture, and literature produced during this turbulent six decades. Including her discussion of the years following Salamis and the earlier war between Athens and Sparta, Roberts essentially brings over a century of Greek history under her gaze, and furnishes a comprehensive account of the Hellenic world during what is perhaps its most significant epoch. At the heart of The Plague of War is a recounting of the military operations with which the Greek world was riven, and in this Roberts is singularly successful. Her descriptions of the actual combat on both land and sea are clear and vivid, enabling the reader to get a sharp understanding of the operations. Her use of maps, which are well executed (albeit occasionally slightly too small), is of definite aid in this endeavor. But whether elaborating on the conduct of battle, on the impact of the war on dramatic composition, or on deliberations in the Athenian Agora, Roberts is able to command a style that is truly admirable: wholly academic without ever approaching pedantic, she demonstrates all the engaging prose powers of a Barbara Tuchman, illustrating once again that authors need not sacrifice comprehensive annotation and engagement with scholarship in the interest of attaining readability and clarity. Roberts almost never resorts to academic jargon, although she will at appropriate moments employ technical terms (typically in transliterated Greek), as it would be nigh on impossible to handle [End Page 99] this period without them. Nevertheless, these terms are invariably defined and explained thoroughly but succinctly: readers unfamiliar with the subtleties of Greek political and military terminology will grasp them immediately, while those who do have such experience will not find her explications tiresome. There is, admittedly, little which is controversial or groundbreaking in her chronicle, though Roberts does not shrink from making use of interpretations that are conjectural or at slight variance with received historiographical wisdom. These departures are handled in the footnotes, which are frequent but never obtrusive. In sum, The Plague of War definitely offers a valuable contribution to the scholarship of Greek history. It is a decidedly worthwhile read for all levels of expertise: classicists and professional historians will find what is familiar engagingly retold and enlivened...

Investigating the connection between physics and music in an introductory acoustics course

Sound and music is an introductory acoustics course offered at Skidmore College in Saratoga Springs, NY. The target audience is primarily non-science majors fulfilling their math and science requirements. Over the span of its 25 + year history it has regularly attracted students interested in majoring in music technology and acoustics. Emphasis of the course is placed on the physics of music and music theory with attention paid to the interconnection between atomic physics and music. Fourier’s Theorem is used in making this connection. Sound editing programs such as Amadeus allow students to visualize recorded or synthesized sounds, and then analyze their spectra using Fourier analysis. Most course activities have been developed in accordance with Physics Education Research techniques and are designed using a discovery-based approach. Several activities from Sound & Music were recently highlighted in an article published online by Physics Today titled Composing Atom Music. Although Rossing, Moore & Wheeler’s The Science of Sound is the primary text, course materials are drawn from numerous sources. This presentation will focus on the course design, how the text book is used and will discuss the design and implementation of sample class activities.Sound and music is an introductory acoustics course offered at Skidmore College in Saratoga Springs, NY. The target audience is primarily non-science majors fulfilling their math and science requirements. Over the span of its 25 + year history it has regularly attracted students interested in majoring in music technology and acoustics. Emphasis of the course is placed on the physics of music and music theory with attention paid to the interconnection between atomic physics and music. Fourier’s Theorem is used in making this connection. Sound editing programs such as Amadeus allow students to visualize recorded or synthesized sounds, and then analyze their spectra using Fourier analysis. Most course activities have been developed in accordance with Physics Education Research techniques and are designed using a discovery-based approach. Several activities from Sound & Music were recently highlighted in an article published online by Physics Today titled Composing Atom Music. Although Rossing, Moore & Wheele...

Understanding the Kinetics of Glucan Phosphatases

Plants comprise two active glucan phosphatases, Starch EXcess4 (SEX4) and Like Sex Four2 (LSF2). These phosphatases belong to the dual phosphatase (DSP) family of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) superfamily. DSP is a structurally diverse group and carbohydrate is the physiological substrate for glucan phosphatase family of enzymes. The X‐ray crystal structures of SEX4, LSF2 and human glucan phosphatase laforin revealed the primary mechanisms how glucan phosphatases bind carbohydrates and integrate them into the catalytic site. In vitro, enzymatic assays revealed that SEX4 preferentially removes phosphates attached to C6 position of glucose in starch while LSF2 and laforin remove phosphate groups attached to C3 position. However, little is known about the kinetics and regulatory mechanisms of carbohydrate dephosphorylation by SEX4 and LSF2. Here we define the enzymology of SEX4 and LSF2 using the generic substrate para‐nitrophenyl phosphate and physiologically relevant substrates, amylopectin, and glycogen.Support or Funding InformationSkidmore College Start‐up FundThis abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2019 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal.

Judge rules against college

Case name: Doe v. Skidmore College, No. 1:17‐CV‐1269 (N.D. N.Y. 08/20/18).

President's Note

President’s Note Amy Singer The “President’s Note” provides a summary of recent news of the organization and upcoming events. More immediate news and information are sent out to members by email, and some items are also posted to H-Turk, our H-Net network. If you are not currently an OTSA member and would like to join, please access our website at http://www.ottomanturkishstudiesassociation.org/. Students, faculty, retirees, and interested others will find a clear link on site under “join” or “renew membership.” Recognizing that earning power varies enormously over the field, we invite you to choose the category that fits your budget. If you are not currently subscribed to H-Turk, please find further details at: https://networks.h-net.org/h-turk. A warm welcome to newly joining and rejoining members. Hoş geldiniz! OTSA is a membership organization. Annual dues entitle members to receive the Journal of the Ottoman and Turkish Studies Association and members may stand for election to become Board members and officers and serve on OTSA committees. Annual dues and contributions fund the OTSA prizes, cover the minimal administrative costs of the organization as well as disbursements associated with publishing and delivering JOTSA twice a year to the members. OTSA holds its regular members’ meeting in conjunction with the annual Middle East Studies Association conference in the fall of each year. This is the occasion for distributing awards that recognize scholarly achievements of various kinds and that support student development in Ottoman and Turkish Studies. The award committees are formed annually from the members of the organization. News of OTSA OTSA held elections in the beginning of November 2019. From among the nine governing officers, Amy Singer (Brandeis University) continues to serve [End Page 5] as president through the end of 2020. Baki Tezcan (University of California, Davis) was elected to succeed her, and will serve as president-elect for the coming year. Patricia Blessing (Pomona College) continues as treasurer. We acknowledge with deep gratitude the effective management and constant attention of OTSA’s outgoing secretary, Hale Yılmaz (Southern Illinois University). Nominated and confirmed by the OTSA Board, Maureen Jackson (Independent Scholar) succeeds Yılmaz as secretary. Board Members Lâle Can (City College of New York), Chris Gratien (University of Virginia), and İpek Yosmaoğlu (Northwestern University) now rotate off the Board. We are grateful to them for contributing their talents and their time tending to the current business of OTSA and thinking about how to strengthen the organization in the future. Senem Aslan (Bates College) and Murat Yıldız (Skidmore College) are now joined on the Board by newly-elected members Giancarlo Casale (University of Minnesota), Emine Evered (Michigan State University), and Will Hanley (Florida State University). We welcome them and look forward to their active contribution to the Board’s regular work as well as to the initiatives we are planning for the coming two years. With the most recent elections, Julia Philips Cohen (Vanderbilt University) finishes her term as head and rotates off the Nominating Committee. She is succeeded as head of the committee by Tijana Krstić (Central European University), serving together with members Aslı Iğsız (New York University) and Seçil Yılmaz (Franklin and Marshall College). 2019 Prize Winners We applaud the 2019 OTSA Prize winners and thank the various committee members for volunteering their time and expertise. The 2019 M. Fuat Köprülü Book Prize was awarded to Heather L. Ferguson (Claremont McKenna College) for The Proper Order of Things: Language, Power, and Law in Ottoman Administrative Discourses (Stanford University Press, 2018). The prize committee was chaired by Benjamin Fortna (University of Arizona) and included Alan Mikhail (Yale University) and Onur Bakıner (Seattle University). The 2019 winner of the Ömer Lutfi Barkan Article Prize, awarded biennially, is Amy Mills (University of South Carolina), for her article “The Cultural Geopolitics of Ethnic Nationalism: Turkish Urbanism in Occupied Istanbul (1918–1923),” Annals of the Amercian Association of Geographers 107, no. 5 (2017):1179–93. Committee members included Gamze Çavdar, chair (Colorado State University), Kyle Evered (Michigan State University), Michael Christopher Low (Iowa State University), and Roger Deal (University of South Carolina...

Mass-Gathering Medical Care Provided by a Collegiate-Based First Response Service at an Annual College Music Festival and Campus-Wide Celebration.

There is insufficient research on medical care at mass-gathering events (MGEs) on college and university campuses. Fun Day is an annual celebratory day held at Skidmore College (Saratoga Springs, New York USA), a small liberal arts college in the Northeastern United States. Fun Day is focused around an outdoor music festival; students also congregate and celebrate throughout the surrounding campus. To improve care and alleviate strain on local resources, a model was developed for the provision of emergency care by a collegiate-based, volunteer first-response service - Skidmore College Emergency Medical Services (EMS) - in coordination with a contracted, private ambulance service. The aims of this study were to: (1) analyze medical usage rates and case mixes at Fun Day over a four-year period, and to (2) describe the collegiate-based first response model for MGEs. Data were collected retrospectively from event staff, college administrators, and Skidmore College EMS on event-related variables, patient encounters, and medical operations at Fun Day over a four-year period (2014-2017). Annual attendance at the music festival was estimated at 2,000 individuals. Over four years, 54 patients received emergency medical care on campus on Fun Day, and 18 (33.3%) were transported to the emergency department. On-site contracted ambulances transported 77.8% of patients who were transported to the emergency department; mutual aid was requested for the other 22.2% of transports. The mean (SD) patient presentation rate (PPR) was 7.0 (SD = 1.0) per 1,000 attendees. The mean (SD) transport-to-hospital rate (TTHR) was 2.0 (SD = 1.0) per 1,000 attendees. Thirty (55.6%) patients presented with intoxication, seven (13.0%) with laceration(s), and five (9.3%) with head trauma as the primary concern. Medical command was established by volunteer undergraduate students. Up to 16 volunteer student first responders (including emergency medical technicians [EMTs]) were stationed on campus, in addition to two contracted ambulances at the Basic Life Support (BLS) and Advanced Life Support (ALS) levels. Operational strategies included: mobile first response crews, redundant communication systems, preventative education, and harm reduction. High medical usage rates were observed, primarily due to alcohol/illicit substance use and traumatic injuries. The provision of emergency care by a collegiate-based first response service in coordination with a contracted, private ambulance agency serves as an innovative model for mass-gathering medical care on college and university campuses.FriedmanNMG, O'ConnorEK, MunroT, GoroffD.Mass-gathering medical care provided by a collegiate-based first response service at an annual college music festival and campus-wide celebration. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2019;34(1):98-103.

Implementing Stop the Bleed at Skidmore College

Implementing Stop the Bleed at Skidmore College

Using Google apps to manage embargo records: Automating institutional repository reminders

Using multiple Google apps, the Lucy Scribner Library at Skidmore College creates an automated reminder to manage embargo records of the scholarly works deposited in the college’s institutional repository (IR), Creative Matter. This cloud-based embargo reminder can be applicable to other academic libraries that employ Digital Commons or similar IR platforms without built-in embargo reminder functions.

Spanish: A Language for Scientific and Technical Communication

Spanish:A Language for Scientific and Technical Communication Oscar A. Pérez Keywords curriculum/currículo, Spanish for the Professions/español para profesiones, Spanish for Science and Technology/español para ciencias y tecnología, Spanish for Specific Purposes/español para fines específicos, technical Spanish/español técnico Response 1 to "Spanish for the Professions and Specific Purposes: Curricular Mainstay" In the last two decades, the demand for a curriculum that reflects the diverse needs of language learners has furthered the growth of SSP (Spanish for Specific Purposes) programs and courses across the United States, especially in areas such as law, business, and medicine (Sánchez-López 2010). And, as suggested in the article at hand, "collaborative curricular opportunities with STEM" are expected to grow in upcoming years, in fact, the expansion to scientific and technological fields was proposed to be the next natural step of SSP curricular offerings almost two decades ago (Branan 1998: 5). However, the question of what form will these collaborations take is critical, in a time where it has been stated that "English is not only the dominant form of international scientific publication and oral communication at conferences and in multinational laboratories—it is almost always the only language of such communication" (Gordin 2015: 293). Although overly generalizing, such a declaration highlights the perception that languages other than English have a peripheral role when it comes to scientific applications, raising questions about the future of Spanish for Science and Technology (SST) education. In this respect, two volumes are key to understand the challenges and prospects of Spanish as a language of scientific communication: El español, lengua para la ciencia y la tecnología (Arias-Salgado Rosby et al. 2009), and the more recent El español, lengua de comunicación científica (García Delgado, Alonso, and Jiménez 2013). Both collections describe the state of the language in contemporary science, drawing attention to the significant number of publications in Spanish, especially in the health sciences and other experimental fields. Furthermore, many authors seem to agree on the important role that Spanish plays, and will continue to play, in the dissemination of scientific and technological knowledge. In addition, it soon becomes clear that when most scholars talk about ciencia, they are discussing a broader domain than that defined by the term "science," which often refers to the physical sciences exclusively (Gordin 2015: 3). As a result, and taking the evolution of Spanish for the Health Professions (SHP) as a model (Hardin 2015), SST offerings in the United States will most likely focus on one or more of the following areas: 1). Technical translation and interpretation, to address the specialized needs of such professionals in an era of digital globalization. 2). Technical communication among peers, to facilitate the flow of knowledge across linguistic borders. 3). Communication of science and technology, to foster scientific literacy and the public dissemination of scientific and technological knowledge. [End Page 102] In terms of pedagogical models that could support such offerings, possible approaches include content-based instruction and languages across the curriculum (Klee and Barnes-Karol 2006), along with project-based (García González and Veiga Díaz 2015) and service-based learning (Sánchez-López 2013), either as part of stand-alone SSP certificates, as proposed in Doyle (2017), or within more general programs. And although colleges and universities are natural settings for this SSP development, one can also expect private-sector initiatives, as more and more scientists, engineers, communicators, and policy makers see the value of SST education. If we are to truly embrace cultural competence in a globalized world, the science and technology domain of language learning cannot be ignored. Oscar A. Pérez Skidmore College WORKS CITED Arias-Salgado Rosby, María José, Montaña Cámara Hurtado, Begoña Granadino Goenechea, José Antonio López Cerezo, Daniel Martín Mayorga, Luis Plaza Gómez, Verónica Vivanco Cervero, eds. (2009). El español, lengua para la ciencia y la tecnología: Presente y perspectivas de futuro. Alcalá de Henares: Instituto Cervantes, Santillana. Print. Google Scholar Branan, A. G. (1998). "Preface: Part I." Spanish and Portuguese for Business and...

The We in West

Stephen Aron is professor of history and Robert N. Burr Department Chair at UCLA. He thanks John Gray for teaching him that we have no alternative but to make history matter more to more people, Virginia Scharff for turning Los Angeles traffic jams into productive thought incubators, and Paul Aron, Anne Hyde, and Elaine Nelson for much valued comments on a draft of this address. He is also indebted to the Autry Museum, Binghamton University, Brigham Young University, the California Club, Claremont Graduate University, the Gilcrease Museum, the Huntington Library, Louisiana State University, Pomona College, St. John’s University, Skidmore College, UCLA, the University of Connecticut, the Université de Paris 1, the University of Oklahoma, the University of Missouri, St. Louis, the University of New Mexico, the University of North Dakota, and Yale University for providing him with forums to present and discuss the issues and ideas that inform this essay.