Alcohol Use In Situations Research Articles

0905 Reduced Sleep Duration Moderates Alcohol Use in Risky Situations in a Treatment Seeking Sample

Increased alcohol consumption has been linked to insufficient sleep duration and insomnia in subjects with/without alcohol use disorder (AUD). However, little information exists on the underlying reasons for alcohol consumption in those with insufficient sleep duration and insomnia symptoms in those with AUD. The primary aim of this investigation was to evaluate the association between alcohol consumption situations and habitual sleep duration in patients with alcohol use disorder. We analyzed baseline cross-sectional data from a treatment study of AUD patients (N=182). The Inventory of Drug-Taking Situations (IDTS) was used to assess reasons for alcohol consumption over the past year. Habitual sleep duration over the last 4 weeks was assessed using questions 4 from the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Alcohol consumption was assessed using the Time Line Follow Back interview. Linear regression analyses were used to assess the relationships between the IDTS reasons and sleep-related variables. Significant associations were further assessed in multivariable models adjusted for alcohol consumption, age, race and gender. The mean age was 42.2 years (SD=11.2), 67.3% were male and 93.7% were Caucasian. The mean habitual sleep duration was 5.9 hours (SD=1.5) with 39.9% reporting short sleep duration (<6 hours/night). About 34.4% (N=64) subjects reported difficulty falling asleep within 30 minutes in the 4 weeks. They drank on 49% (SD=27) of the days at baseline and nearly all of these drinking days were heavy drinking days [mean of 45(SD=27.5)]. Bivariate analyses demonstrated significant associations between IDTS reason-2 (physical discomfort) (β=-3.3; p=0.004) as well as IDTS reason-4 (difficulty with personal control) and sleep duration (β=-3.4; p=0.01). In multivariable models adjusted for covariates, sleep duration remained a significant predictor for IDTS item 2 (β= -2.4, t=-2.0; p=0.04) and item 4 (β=-3.1; p=0.04). A significant proportion of treatment seeking patients with AUD report short sleep duration and difficulty initiating sleep. Insufficient sleep duration appears to moderate alcohol use in situations of loss of control and discomfort and may be a risk factor for maintaining alcohol consumption. None

Sociometric Assessment: A Variation of Relational Trauma Repair Symptom Floor Check1

Sociometric Assessment: A Variation of Relational Trauma Repair Symptom Floor Check1

Situational drinking in private and public locations: A multilevel analysis of blood alcohol level in Finnish drinking occasions.

The first aim was to estimate the extent to which the variation in alcohol use across specific drinking occasions arises from variation at the occasion level and from variation at the drinker level. The second aim was to identify characteristics of drinking situations that moderate or increase situational alcohol use beyond the influence of drinker-level characteristics. The general population aged 15-69 years in Finland was sampled randomly in 2008. The multilevel analysis was based on data from 1511 drinkers and 2933 drinking occasions that occurred in the 7 days before the interview. Alcohol use was operationalised as estimated blood alcohol level (BAL). Characteristics of drinking occasions included location, circumstance, company and timing. Drinker-level data included demographic and drinking pattern variables. Fifty-three percent of the variance in BAL was between occasions and 47% between respondents, for both women and men. With drinking patterns and demographic characteristics controlled for, the dominant characteristics of drinking occasions predisposing to greater intoxication were late-night drinking, across locations and for both genders. For private locations, predisposing characteristics included drinking on weekends for both genders and drinking with friends for men. Situational and drinker levels are equally important in determining the BAL in drinking occasions; therefore, prevention efforts should be targeted at both risky individuals and risky drinking occasions. Occasions occurring late at night, often at home and with friends, are a central challenge for targeting preventive efforts related to situational drinking.[Mustonen H, Mäkelä P, Lintonen T. Situational drinking in private and public locations: A multilevel analysis of blood alcohol level in Finnish drinking occasions. Drug Alcohol Rev 2016;35:772-784].

Romantic Relationship Characteristics and Alcohol Use: Longitudinal Associations With Dual Method Contraception Use

Dual method contraception use, or the use of one type of contraceptive intended to prevent pregnancy combined with another type intended to reduce the risk of sexually transmitted infection, may be the most effective method to prevent both unintended pregnancy and sexually transmitted infection. This study tested the association between relationship length, relationship type (married, cohabiting, dating but not cohabiting), global alcohol use, and situational alcohol use and the probability of dual method contraception use from 20 to 23 years of age. Hierarchical linear modeling analyses were conducted using longitudinal data from 754 sexually active male and female young adults aged 20-23 years. Dependent variables included both any dual method contraception use and consistent dual method contraception use. Between 15% and 20% of respondents reported consistent dual method contraception use at each time point. Longer relationship length and more committed relationship type were associated with a lower probability of both any and consistent dual method contraception use. Situational alcohol use (drinking before sex), but not global alcohol use, also was related to a lower probability of both any and consistent dual method contraception use. Increasing age was associated with a lower probability of any dual method contraception use, but was not related to consistent dual method use. Efforts to promote dual method contraception among young adults should include messages discouraging drinking before sex and supporting dual method use even in the context of committed relationships.

Drinking Against Unpleasant Emotions: Possible Outcome of Early Onset of Alcohol Use?

Recent animal and human studies indicate that the exposure to alcohol during early adolescence increases the risk for heavy alcohol use in response to stress. The purpose of this study was to examine whether this effect may be the consequence of a higher susceptibility to develop "drinking to cope" motives among early initiators. Data from 320 participants were collected as part of the Mannheim Study of Children at Risk, an ongoing epidemiological cohort study. Structured interviews at age 15 and 19 were used to assess age at first alcohol experience and drunkenness. The young adults completed questionnaires to obtain information about the occurrence of stressful life events during the past 4 years and current drinking habits. In addition, alcohol use under conditions of negative states was assessed with the Inventory of Drinking Situations. The probability of young adults' alcohol use in situations characterized by unpleasant emotions was significantly increased the earlier they had initiated the use of alcohol, even when controlling for current drinking habits and stressful life events. Similar results were obtained for the age at first drunkenness. The findings strengthen the hypothesis that alcohol experiences during early adolescence facilitate drinking to regulate negative affect as an adverse coping strategy which may represent the starting point of a vicious circle comprising drinking to relieve stress and increased stress as a consequence of drinking.

Attitudes of College Students in a Predominately Hispanic University Regarding Alcohol Use

ABSTRACT The focus of this particular study is to determine the drinking-related attitudes of college students in a predominantly Hispanic university, and to determine if there are ethnic and gender-related differences in two areas: acceptable levels of consumption; and situational alcohol use. Study findings reflect the need to insure that substance abuse initiatives, planning, informational and counseling programs for students take into account the cultural implications associated with alcohol use as well as acculturation issues.

For all these reasons, I do...drink: a multilevel analysis of contextual reasons for drinking among Canadian undergraduates.

Student drinking is largely related to the setting of the drinking occasion as well as to individual psychosocial characteristics. This article assesses the effect of the reasons for drinking on situational alcohol use above and beyond other environmental and individual factors. The data were drawn from the Canadian Campus Survey, a national mail survey conducted in 1998 with a sample of 8,864 students in 18 universities. Each student provided information on up to five drinking occasions, resulting in 25,347 drinking occasions among 6,598 drinkers. At the individual level, this study focused on the university life experience. At the situational level, information about alcohol intake was recorded relative to why, when, where and with whom drinking occurred and the reasons for drinking. Our results show that the reasons for drinking explain 8.3% of the variance in individual alcohol intake per occasion at the individual level and 8.1% at the drinking occasion level. Reasons for drinking and the drinking setting together influence consumption. Moreover, reasons are context specific, because students drink for different reasons in different contexts. Thus, contextual motivational models may be more effective in helping one understand the various pathways to alcohol use and misuse.

Situational factors related to rural adolescent alcohol use.

Factors and situations associated with alcohol use in a sample of rural junior and senior high school students are examined. Much research has shown that age, gender, grade in school, religiosity, socioeconomic status, and involvement in extracurricular activities are all related to adolescent alcohol use. The present paper looks at the relationship between these factors and situations which might be conducive to drinking (e.g., driving around in a car, before going to a party, etc.) to determine whether the factors make it more likely that an adolescent will drink in such situations. The amount of time spent in social activities was positively related to alcohol use in all situations examined except drinking at home or at dinner. The amount of time spent studying and the frequency of attending religious services were negatively related to alcohol use in the various situations. Females were also less likely to drink in the situations discussed. Policy implications and directions for future research are discussed.