Industrial Situations Research Articles

Livelihood Impacts of Micro-Hydro Electricity Project of Rural People of Nepal

Micro-Hydropower (MHP) is generally defined as a decentralized small scale water power plant that generate electricity power up to 100kw and server nearby householders thoughts a local grid for power generation up to 100kw. This study analyzes the livelihood impacts of the micro-hydro electricity projects of the rural people on Taplejung district of Nepal. There are twelve micro hydroelectricity projects constructed as well as they generated and supply the electricity power of the local people without connected in national grid of the NEA. Primary data were used for the study for the information and descriptive statistics were used for data analysis. To measure livelihood impacts of the project, different indicators like housing and sanitation condition, electricity used, industrial situation, agro-product pricing and wage rate of the labour had been used. The completion of the different MHPs in the sample area shows the result that the MHPs had positive impacts upon the surrounding community people’s income and living standard, which shows the positive impacts on their livelihood in the Taplejung district. The result encourages the different stages of governance as well as other investors for the implementation of the micro-hydroelectricity project in the situation of the Nepalese context.

A single-layer dense convolutional reversible residual network for bearing fault diagnosis based on differential local adaptive

Abstract For the cross-domain fault diagnosis of industrial bearings under different working conditions and noise, most current domain adaptation methods in transfer learning only focus on either marginal distribution alignment or conditional distribution alignment. They fail to adequately combine discriminative and global distribution information. Furthermore, the majority of models have a very high parameter count and memory utilization, which makes it challenging to use them in real-world industrial situations. Therefore, a single-layer densely connected reversible residual network based on differential local adaptation is proposed. This network is more competitive in industrial applications than other fault diagnosis models since it not only uses less memory and has fewer parameters, but it also shows superior cross-domain fault diagnostic capacity in noisy situations. Additionally, to extract discriminative and global domain-invariant features, a domain adaptation module is created that takes into account local and global data distributions differently. Multiple transfer tasks and two distinct datasets are used to validate the model. Comparative tests reveal that the suggested model uses less memory and requires fewer parameters to attain good accuracy and transferability.

SOCIO-ECONOMIC SUSTAINABILITY OF THE TOURISM SECTOR ENTERPRISES IN THE CONTEXT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: GLOBAL AND UKRAINIAN DIMENSIONS

In 2020, one of the main negative factors affecting the development of the tourism sector was the COVID-19 pandemic. Complicating the economic situation due to the coronavirus crisis for developing countries and local communities that are disproportionately dependent on tourism threatens the growth of poverty in these countries, not to mention the possibility of developing the tourism industry on a sustainable basis. The article examines the situation in the tourism industry of Ukraine, which has arisen as a result of the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, and analyzes the possibilities of recovery and development of the tourism industry based on sustainable tourism. Based on the analysis of statistical data and the study of the level and trends in the development of the tourism business at the global and national levels, the authors proposed practical directions for the recovery of the tourism industry in the context of COVID-19, which will be beneficial not only for Ukraine but for developing countries as well. It is shown that the crisis in the tourism industry, which arose as a result of quarantine restrictions to reduce the spread of the pandemic, has complicated the process of implementing the Sustainable Tourism Concept for countries with low economic performance. It has been proven that the further development of tourism in developing countries based on cooperation and consistency of measures is needed to regulate travel at the bilateral, regional and international levels, to ensure safety for travellers and workers. Bringing together the government, the public, and the business community to work on a practical and implementable plan to revive the tourism sector. Increasing investment in technology, green infrastructure and jobs.

The financial and industrial situation of NVIDIA

NVIDIA has been gaining the world’s attention in recent years. Since its operation, it has shown great creativity and productivity. Most people in the world will come up with NVIDIA in mind when it comes to gaming GPUs. Thus, a brief introduction to this company seems significant. Previous studies have looked into technologies, investments and some specific ratios. However, few focus mainly on financial statements and the industrial environment. This passage gives insight into the income statements and balance sheets from the 2022-2024 fiscal years of NVIDIA, together with an environmental SWOT analysis. After these studies, NVIDIA has been stated to have a robust financial situation and a stable position among close competitors. NVIDIA owns the industry environment and a larger seller market. The passage also shows some of the strategies NVIDIA has adopted or is suitable for it to adopt. Further studies may be included afterwards in a more empirical way.

Development of Oil Industry in Poland in the Context of the European Union.

Oil industry is developing well in Poland. This study aimed to examine the development of the Polish oil industry after joining the European Union. The following questions were asked: What were the changes in the consumption of vegetable oils in Poland after EU enlargement in 2004? How did the production of vegetable oil change in Poland after EU enlargement in 2004? And has the liquidity of the Polish oil industry changed after EU enlargement in 2004? First, the changes in the oil industry were evaluated. This research proved the development of the fat industry. We used the regression model to analyze the impact of chosen factors on the economic situation of the oil industry in Poland. Rapeseed is the main source of oil for the edible oil and biodiesel industry. High prices of rapeseed increased the sown area of rapeseed. The production of crude rapeseed oil changed from 520.1 thousand tons in 2005 to 1440 thousand tons in 2023. Biofuels made from rapeseed oils are called first generation. Poland's production of refined rapeseed oil changed from 386.5 thousand tons in 2005 to 541 thousand tons in 2023. These numbers confirm the development of edible oil and biofuel production. The gross profit increased from PLN 133 mln in 2005 to PLN 443.8 mln in 2023. The net profit of the fat industry increased from PLN 110 mln in 2005 to PLN 381.6 mln in 2023. The oil industry is characterized by high investment, which reached the level of PLN 232.9 mln in 2023. The investment rate in 2023 was PLN 1.96 %. The changes observed in the rapeseed market after Poland joined the EU affected the performance of vegetable oil and biofuel producers. The regression analysis proved the hypothesis that the monthly consumption of rapeseed oil is the main factor influencing the oil industry situation in Poland. The oil industry is important to the development of the whole economy. Particular attention should be paid to current liquidity, which is why a constant supply of money from sold oil and biodiesel is needed to cover costs.

Apparel Supply Chain Management and Practice under the Perspective of Sustainable Development

Abstract: This study explores the challenges faced by the apparel industry and the means of attaining sustainable development via effective supply chain management amidst the backdrop of global economic integration and the evolving information technology landscape.Firstly, the current situation of the apparel industry is analyzed, including factors such as the increase in consumers' personalized demands, the increasingly fierce competition, the rising costs of labor and raw materials, and the growing consciousness of environmental preservation. The development status and problems of apparel supply chain management are then analyzed, including the excessively long supply chain, the lack of flexibility and adaptability in management, the opacity of information, the lack of a supplier evaluation system, and the neglect of sustainable development by enterprises. It further discusses achieving sustainable development in the apparel industry, including reducing water consumption and pollution, addressing the adverse consequences arising from the rapid turnover of fashion trends, promoting the construction of a circular supply chain, etc. Corresponding solutions are proposed. Finally, this study concludes how supply chain management and sustainable development practices can inject new vitality into apparel enterprises and achieve the industry's sustainable development goals.

Microsoft's Strategic Advantage: An In-depth Analysis Based on Porter's Five Forces Model

Abstract: This article uses Michael Porter's five forces model to analyze Microsoft's competitive situation in the global technology industry. It emphasizes that Microsoft has maintained its industry leadership by continuously innovating its technology and being keenly aware of market changes. The analysis covers Microsoft's strategies in facing market competition, the threat of new entrants, the challenge of substitute products, the bargaining power of suppliers and buyers, and its impact on the company's performance. The study pointed out that Microsoft has established high barriers to entry in its main business areas, thereby effectively preventing the entry of new competitors. The article also analyzes how Microsoft maintains its competitive advantage and market leadership through product differentiation, innovation, flexible pricing strategies, and the ability to adapt to market structure. Although Microsoft faces many challenges, it has successfully maintained its competitiveness in the global market through solid R&D capabilities, an extensive product portfolio, deep market penetration, and an active response to changes globally.

Development History and Enlightenment of Electric Vehicles Based on Tesla's Financial Perspective

Facing the continually intensifying global energy crisis and environmental pollution challenges, electric vehicles, as an important representative of green transportation, are gradually becoming an important direction for the transformation and upgrading of the automotive industry. As a pioneering figure within the electric vehicle industry, Tesla's development history and financial performance are of great significance for understanding the current situation and future of the entire industry. This article first outlines the history of the development of electric vehicles and Tesla. Then, based on the current development status of Tesla at that time, Tesla's financial indicators were analyzed. Finally, four suggestions are proposed: firstly, electric vehicle companies should continue to increase investment in technology research and development, improve product performance and market competitiveness; Secondly, focus on cost control and operational efficiency improvement to achieve economies of scale; Thirdly, actively explore domestic and international markets, expand sales channels and market share; Fourth, pay attention to the development trends in cutting-edge fields such as energy storage and autonomous driving, and seize the market opportunities in the future; Finally, strengthen brand building and marketing to enhance brand influence and consumer recognition.

IT-services: Green Means Competitive?

Introduction. The current stage of economic development is characterised by significant digitalisation and a noticeable shift of corporate strategies in favour of sustainable development. The first of these trends makes IT companies interesting for analysis, since in the era of digitalisation their impact on the global economy is significant and undeniable. The second trend is largely related to the exhaustion of tangible competitive factors and the shift of focus towards intangible competitive factors, in particular, towards catering to the specific needs of consumers, i.e. in the consideration of social and environmental factors throughout value chains. In line with modern trends, meeting these needs is achieved by implementing ESG-principles, including by IT companies, which is where the two major modern trends - digitalisation and corporate sustainability intertwine. In this context, the aim of the research is to analyse the relationship between IT companies’ financial performance and their ESG position.Materials and methods. The study is based on the analysis of correlation between the data of companies' financial statements and their valuations within the framework of S&P ESG-rating. Results of the research. According to the results of the analysis on the basis of the presented data sample, no significant correlation between revenue and profit indicators (on the one hand) and ESG[1]assessments of S&P rating (on the other hand) was revealed.Discussion and conclusion. The results obtained for companies in the IT-services industry generally correspond to the results of similar calculations by the authors for a number of other industries. Of course, they reflect the situation in a particular industry, with specific indicators (profit, revenue), taking into account such limitations of the study as the methodology of the selected ESG-rating and the volume of data sampling. Nevertheless, within the framework of the study we can say that there is no significant correlation between the financial performance of IT services companies and the implementation of ESG principles by these ccompanies.

Research on the Impact Mechanism of ETS on Green Innovation in China’s High-Carbon Industries: A Perspective of Enterprise Heterogeneity

Green technology innovation is an important driving force for low-carbon development of enterprises. As a market-based environmental policy to promote greenhouse gas emission reduction, whether carbon emission trading scheme (ETS) can encourage enterprises to carry out green technology innovation under the background of “dual carbon” goal deserves further research. Taking Chinese A-share listed enterprises in the five major sectors as samples, this study constructed a modified Difference-in-Differences (DID) model to test the causal effect of ETS on green innovation in high-carbon industries. Three significant results can be summarized from the empirical study. Firstly, the ETS has a significant promoting effect on green innovation of high-carbon enterprises. And it can effectively promote high-carbon enterprises to achieve an average of a 13.24–19.56% increase in low-carbon innovation capabilities. Secondly, enterprises with different characteristics have heterogeneity in the impact of ETS implementation on green innovation. Secondly, the implementation of ETS exerts heterogeneous effects on green technology innovation across enterprises that possess diverse characteristics. Enterprises with a large capital scale (low equity concentration) have a more significant promoting effect than those with a small capital scale (high equity concentration). Thirdly, the green innovation effect of ETS exhibits significant heterogeneity across different types of industries. In the mining, manufacturing, and construction sectors, the ETS has effectively stimulated green innovation to a certain extent. There has been no significant change in green innovation in the sector of electricity, heat, gas, and water production and supply. In particular, after the implementation of the ETS, green innovation has actually been weakened in the transportation sector. As such, for policy makers, differentiated ETS policies should be implemented based on the actual situation of different industries and types of carbon-emitting enterprises.

Фронтиры развития автопроизводства в РФ в условиях адаптации к новым вызовам

The automotive industry is one of the main industries in mechanical engineering. It accounts for a large share of capital investments. The conveyor assembly system, which was widely used in this industry at the time, radically changed the entire industry of the XX century. The multiplicative effect of car production makes the industry the "locomotive" of the economy. The automotive industry is today one of the frontiers in the development of our country's economy. The purpose of the study is to analyze the situation in the Russian car market and assess the prospects for the development of the Russian automotive industry in the context of the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic and the strengthening of sanctions restrictions by unfriendly countries. In the process of working on the study, methods of analysis, synthesis, description, comparative, problematic, logistic and dynamic methods were used. According to the results of the study, the following conclusions were drawn: the automotive industry plays an essential role in the processes of globalization of the modern economy. However, the disruption of logistics chains had a negative impact on the situation in the domestic automotive industry and the consumer market, led to a reduction in production and an increase in unemployment in this industry. The way out of this situation is to reorient domestic car production to cooperate with companies from friendly countries, such as China, and establish logistics chains through intermediary countries, such as Kazakhstan, but adjusted for minimizing costs. An important role in solving this problem can be played by the development and implementation of an import substitution mechanism in the production of domestic cars, including electric cars. The novelty of the study lies in the fact that the proposed frontiers in the stabilization of Russian automotive production have been identified taking into account the impact of both external and internal factors in the current volatile economic situation caused by the reaction of unfriendly countries towards Russia.

Industrial Product Surface Defect Detection Using CNN: A Deep Learning Approach

Defect identification on surfaces of industrial products is a thought-provoking issue that has garnered significant attention. Defect identification of industrial products plays a primordial role in ensuring quality and reliability of products at all levels of the manufacturing process. The traditional approach relies fundamentally on the human inspection, which was unreliable and inefficient. Moreover, human inspection cannot meet the high standards for real-time detection required in industrial production situations. While methods used in image processing can solve difficult modules, they are not meant to deal with complicated ambient textures, noise, or lighting fluctuations. Innovative techniques have so been used by researchers and practitioners to improve and expedite the defect diagnosis process. This study classifies the product as "defect or not defect." and provides an intelligent approach for surface defect identification using convolutional neural network (CNN). The model demonstrates strong performance in identifying many types of industrial product defects, such as "crack, patch, inclusion, rolled, pitting, and scratching," by utilizing deep learning approaches. This involved training the model with several datasets featuring surface textures. The results were indicative of better performance, where the proposed method achieved outstanding precision in fault detection.

ECONOMIC AND FINANCIAL SITUATION OF THE FOOD INDUSTRY IN POLAND IN THE YEARS 2019-2023

The aim of the article is to assess the economic and financial situation of the food industry and its main industries in Poland in 2023 compared to 2019. The analysis used the method of synthetic assessment of the financial result developed by Bednarski. A comparative assessment of the dynamics of quantitative and qualitative indicators determining changes in the value of individual production factors and the efficiency of their use was carried out, both for the entire food industry and its main industries. The research was further enhanced by a cause-and-effect analysis of the financial result, which determined the level of influence of individual production factors on the growth of revenues and profit. The study used published and unpublished data from the Central Statistical Office. The synthetic assessment of the financial result of the food industry shows that despite the fact that entities in the audited period faced many challenges, m.in. related to price pressure, their economic and financial situation in 2023 was better than in 2019. In-depth research has shown that the development of the sector took place mainly through the increase in the technical equipment of labor and the improvement of the economic efficiency of the human factor involved in economic activity. Such a situation occurred in most industries (in 13 out of 18 respondents), and only in a few did not improve the net financial result. In the coming years, companies will have to face challenges related to, m.in others, high costs of raw materials and labor, but also the energy transition, which is why achieving sufficiently high processing margins is a priority for enterprises.

Research on the impact of digital economy on my country's manufacturing upgrading

With the profound changes in the global industrial economic situation and the further adjustment of the industrial competition pattern, the stability and security of my country's industrial chain and supply chain are facing major risks. In this context, promoting the digital transformation of the manufacturing industry has become the only way for the transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry. This paper first analyzes the mechanism of my country's digital economy driving the upgrading of the manufacturing industry, and examines it from the perspective of the spatial layout of the industrial chain, aiming to enrich the theoretical basis of the digital economy driving the development of the real economy, and provide useful countermeasures for my country's manufacturing industry to achieve upgrading under the drive of the digital economy. It has important theoretical and practical significance. This paper starts with "digital economy drives the spatial layout reconstruction of the manufacturing industry chain" and takes "realizing the upgrading of the manufacturing industry" as the ultimate goal. The reasonable spatial layout of the manufacturing industry chain and the upgrading of the manufacturing industry are two important aspects of the high-quality development of my country's manufacturing industry. The reasonable spatial layout of the manufacturing industry chain can promote the rational allocation of factor resources, narrow the regional gap, and realize the upgrading of my country's manufacturing industry more efficiently and comprehensively. Therefore, this paper studies the reconstruction of the spatial layout of the manufacturing industry chain driven by the digital economy, which can not only enhance the resilience of my country's manufacturing industry chain and supply chain, but also provide a path for the upgrading of the manufacturing industry. The two complement each other. Through systematic analysis and verification, this study reveals the role of the digital economy in promoting the reconstruction of the spatial layout of the manufacturing industry chain, and thus provides theoretical support and policy recommendations for achieving high-quality development of the manufacturing industry.

Development of A Workplace Learning Model to Improve Skills Competency of Vocational School Students

This research aims to develop a workplace learning model to improve the catering skills of tourism vocational school students by building a conceptual foundation that considers the industrial situation. This development research uses Design-Based Research (DBR) comprising planning, learning interactions, and evaluation stages for students, supervisors, and instructors. This study analyzes data using qualitative and quantitative descriptive methods. This research produces industrial practical learning tools (WPL) in the form of guidebooks for teachers, instructors and students. How to study in industry, the implementation process, ideal criteria, and completion of study contracts are outlined. Increasing student catering skills competency through industrial learning based on a measurable field approach. How students can absorb, adopt tacit and explicit knowledge in industry is a value in itself. Research findings and concepts can be used for further development so that the quality of vocational education graduates can be considered.

Directional nature of technological progress in the petrochemical industry prompting energy marginal substitution

Technological progress does not uniformly benefit all industries or factors' productivity levels. The energy productivity and labour employment situation in the Chinese petrochemical industry have not witnessed substantial improvements in the last decade. The literature has overlooked the importance of recognizing the directional nature of technological progress, which could enable a more strategic approach to economic development, resource allocation, and policy formulation. This study, guided by the core principles of endogenous economic growth theory, aims to uncover the influencing mechanisms and effects of technological progress bias on energy and employment by extending a theoretical model to account for energy, capital, and labour factors. The results reveal: (1) From 2000 to 2021, the relationship between labour, capital, and energy factors in the Chinese petrochemical industry has been predominantly complementary, with technological progress favouring labour-augmenting that is increasing labour productivity; (2) The gross complementarity of production factors leads to labour-augmenting technological progress, ultimately biased towards energy and capital factors; (3) Energy-capital-biased technological progress encourages producers to invest more energy and capital to substitute for labour factors, leading to a limited improvement in energy productivity and a consistent decline in labour employment since 2011. This study further corroborates that without government intervention, it would lead to improper factor allocation in the industry, resulting in market failure. Finally, corresponding policy recommendations are proposed.

Adaptive intelligent agent for cloud edge collaborative industrial inspection driven by multimodal data fusion and deep transformation networks

Currently, the rapid development of the industrial Internet has led to the creation of a massive number of intelligent agents that are widely and distributively applied in various edge scenarios. The work conditions in these edge scenarios are complex, uncertain, and random. Traditional manual updates or human judgments are used for task decision-making in large-scale distributive intelligent agent edge work scenarios, which lack dynamic perception and autonomous recognition capabilities for edge work conditions. This inevitably leads to low decision-making accuracy, poor reliability, and ultimately, task failure. To address this issue, this study proposes an adaptive task identification strategy based on cloud-edge collaboration. This method utilizes a cloud-edge collaborative industrial intelligent application architecture to achieve cloud-based training and encapsulation of the task model, with online calling at the edge-end. Then, edge-end intelligent agents identify edge work conditions through multi-source data fusion, enabling accurate task decision-making. Finally, the edge-end requests the cloud for task model matching. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated in an industrial safety situation virtual detection system.

Comparative Study of Attitude towards Customer Intention to Implement Online Banking Services among the Collegiate Students

The massive advances in technology and aggressive implement of information technologycontributed as a paradigm shift in banking activities. It is explained to be twofold shift where banksusing technology have been systematically achieving efficiency, control, profitability and theircustomers are leveraging the benefits of convenience of „anywhere, anytime, anyway‟ banking. Whencustomers when experience such possibilities offered by internet banking services experienced bycustomers, they are not likely to have unpleasant e-service quality and since, most of the banks havejoined the bandwagon of internet banking, the competing service providers are often just one click awayfrom each other. This competitive situation of service industry encourages image building and brandingfor banks to differentiate one from others.

Problems and Solutions of the Aviation Industry in the Post-epidemic Era

Three years after the outbreak, the year 2023 has officially entered the post-epidemic era. The aviation industry, which was severely hit by the epidemic, is gradually recovering. This article describes the current situation of the aviation industry after the epidemic, taking the Civil Aviation of China (CAAC) as the subject of the study, and analyses the problems it faces: the number of international flights has been slow to recover and unable to meet market demand; the financial crisis has been highlighted due to severe losses; supply chain shortages have prevented the timely delivery of aircraft; and the rapid increase in environmental pollution has led to a serious decarbonization situation. Potential solutions were also proposed for these four problems. These include increasing the number of flights through government consultation and communication, increasing revenue streams and reducing unnecessary spending to tide over the financial crisis, achieving supply chain resilience to avoid the obstacles posed by supply chain shortages, and developing new sustainable technologies for aviation to reduce air pollution.

Analysis of Problems and Countermeasures in China's food Industry: Taking Fast Food Restaurants as an Example

The fast-food industry in China is crucial, as it meets the dietary needs of fast-paced life and promotes the rapid development of the catering industry. The fast-food industry not only provides convenient and delicious meals but also creates a large number of job opportunities, which helps economic growth and becomes an indispensable part of modern society. However, there is very little research related to the Chinese food industry, which brings trouble to those who want to inquire about this information. Therefore, the content of this study is the market situation of China's food industry. The research in this article shows that there are the following problems in China's food industry at present: firstly, the problem of product monotony, followed by food safety issues and brand issues. This study can provide some help for investors and operators who invest and operate fast food restaurants in China now and in the future.