SiOx Nanoparticles Research Articles

Analogous Design of a Microlayered Silicon Oxide-Based Electrode to the General Electrode Structure for Thin-Film Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Development of miniaturized thin-film lithium-ion batteries (TF-LIBs) using vacuum deposition techniques is crucial for low-scale applications, but addressing low energy density remains a challenge. In this work, structures analogous to SiOx-based thin-film electrodes are designed with close resemblance to traditional LIB slurry formulations including active material, conductive agent, and binder. The thin-film is produced using mid-frequency sputtering with a single hybrid target consisting of SiOx nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, and polytetrafluoroethylene. The thin-film SiOx/PPFC (plasma-polymerized fluorocarbon) involves a combination of SiOx and conductive carbon within the PPFC matrix. This results in enhanced electronic conductivity and superior elasticity and hardness in comparison to a conventional pure SiOx-based thin-film. The electrochemical performance of the half-cell consisting of thin-film SiOx/PPFC demonstrates remarkable cycling stability, with a capacity retention of 74.8% up to the 1000th cycle at 0.5 C. In addition, a full cell using the LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 thin-film as the cathode material exhibits an exceptional initial capacity of ≈120 mAh g-1 at 0.1 C and cycle performance, marked by a capacity retention of 90.8% from the first cycle to the 500th cycle at a 1 C rate. This work will be a stepping stone for the AM/CB/B composite electrodes in TF-LIBs.

Establishing an Ion-Sieving Separator by Depositing Oxygen-Deficient SiOx Layer for Stabilized Zinc Metal Anode.

Stable plating/stripping of Zn metal anode remains a great challenge owing to uncontrollable dendrite growth and side reactions. Ion-sieving separators is a unique and promising solution, that possess Zn2+ permeability and promote Zn2+ transport, can effectivelyalleviate the abovementioned problems. Ion-sieving on glass fiber separator by deposition of oxygen-deficient SiOx layer via active screen plasma technology is achieved. While having chemical composition similar to the glass fiber, the SiOx nanoparticles contain oxygen-rich vacancies that promoted dissociation of the adsorbed water and generation of the hydroxyl groups. The negatively-charged hydroxylated SiOx layer can repel SO4 2- and attract Zn2+, which can alleviate the side reactions. The strong interplay between hydroxyl groups and Zn2+ can boost Zn affinity and yield fast Zn2+ transport. Consequently, the SiOx-deposited GF separator enabled dendrite-free Zn deposition morphology, which displays loweroverpotential of 18mV and longer cycling life over 2000h for Zn symmetric cell. Such a separator can also be easily scaled up to prepare the high-performance large-area (4×6 cm2) pouch Zn-based devices, showing remarkable flexibility and practicality.

Synthesis of passively prelithiated SiOx nanoparticles for Li‐ion battery anode

AbstractA new concept of passive prelithiation to SiOx nanoparticles is introduced and evaluated by investigating their nanostructures and electrochemical properties. Specifically, Li is incorporated into SiOx nanoparticles during the nanoparticle synthesis. We obtain Si‐Li‐O‐based nanoparticles, which we call SILIO; these are much larger than SiOx particles and have totally different nanostructures. Due to nanostructures with various phase distributions, SILIO nanoparticles show enhanced electrochemical properties. The initial reversible capacity (IRC) and initial columbic efficiency (ICE) of SILIO nanoparticles are 946 to 1107 mAh/g and 72% to 77%, respectively, while SiOx exhibits 1,064 mAh/g of IRC only with 41.5% of ICE. In addition, the stability of SILIO in the air is evaluated to guarantee no unstable phases such as Li2Ox (x = 0–2) are present in SILIO. Through our findings, we suggest a new nanostructure model composed of crystalline Si, amorphous SiOx, and lithium silicate.

High temperature transformation, O2 etching, and passivation of single SiOx nanoparticles: kinetics and optical properties as structure probes

The surface chemistry and optical properties of silica nanoparticles (NPs) were studied using a single nanoparticle mass spectrometer. Initially, silica NPs were transparent to 532 nm excitation, but after brief exposure to a CO2 laser (10.6 μm) their 532 nm absorptivity increased, and when heated they emitted blackbody-like radiation, signalling that their compositions had become more Si-rich. The transformation was also probed by sublimation rate measurements from 1600 K to 2350 K, and the chemistry of the transformed surface was probed by measuring the O2 etching kinetics of pre-heated silica NPs at 1200 and 1300 K. Sublimation was significant at TNP ≥ 1900 K, and the NP optical properties showed further changes as the NPs sublimed. The O2 etching kinetics for pre-heated silica NPs were similar to those previously reported for single Si NPs under identical conditions, with etching efficiency (EEO2) initially increasing with etching time, then dropping by three orders of magnitude as the NP surface passivated by growth of a thermally stable SiO2 layer. The etching and passivation kinetics at different temperatures and O2 pressures are compared, and comparisons are also made to the temperature and time dependence of EEO2 for pre-heated silica, Si, SiC, and carbon NPs.

Fiber reinforced polypropylene composites interfacial behavior improvement fabricated by cold plasma jet SiOx nanoparticles deposition

In this study, cold atmospheric pressure plasma jet was adopted to glass fibers surface modification with tetraethyl orthosilicate as a precursor. To enhance the interfacial bonding forces of glass fiber reinforced polypropylene (GFRP) composites, SiOx nanoparticles were polymerized on the fiber surfaces. The effect of two factors (the distance between nozzle and fiber (D) and the treatment time (T)) on the interfacial bonding behavior of GFRP composites was studied. The modified fibers and composites properties, including surface topography, chemical composition, wettability and interfacial mechanical properties, were studied comprehensively. The optimal parameters were obtained at D = 17 mm and T = 12 s. Our results indicated that the interlaminar shear strength of GFRP composites was increased by 30.79% compared to control group. Further studies found that plasma treatment introduced larger surface roughness, surface energy and more oxygen-containing functional groups, which was responsible for the interlaminar shear strength improvement.

In Situ Mesopore Formation in SiOx Nanoparticles by Chemically Reinforced Heterointerface and Use of Chemical Prelithiation for Highly Reversible Lithium-Ion Battery Anode.

SiOx is a promising next-generation anode material for lithium-ion batteries. However, its commercial adoption faces challenges such as low electrical conductivity, large volume expansion during cycling, and low initial Coulombic efficiency. Herein, to overcome these limitations, an eco-friendly in situ methodology for synthesizing carbon-containing mesoporous SiOx nanoparticles wrapped in another carbon layers is developed. The chemical reactions of vinyl-terminated silanes are designed to be confined inside the cationic surfactant-derived emulsion droplets. The polyvinylpyrrolidone-based chemical functionalization of organically modified SiO2 nanoparticles leads to excellent dispersion stability and allows for intact hybridization with graphene oxide sheets. The formation of a chemically reinforced heterointerface enables the spontaneous generation of mesopores inside the thermally reduced SiOx nanoparticles. The resulting mesoporous SiOx -based nanocomposite anodes exhibit superior cycling stability (≈100% after 500 cycles at 0.5 A g-1 ) and rate capability (554 mAh g-1 at 2 A g-1 ), elucidating characteristic synergetic effects in mesoporous SiOx -based nanocomposite anodes. The practical commercialization potential with a significant enhancement in initial Coulombic efficiency through a chemical prelithiation reaction is also presented. The full cell employing the prelithiated anode demonstrated more than 2 times higher Coulombic efficiency and discharge capacity compared to the full cell with a pristine anode.

Embedding Atomically Dispersed Iron Sites in Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Frameworks-Wrapped Silicon Suboxide for Superior Lithium Storage.

Silicon suboxide (SiOx ) has attracted widespread interest as Li-ion battery (LIB) anodes. However, its undesirable electronic conductivity and apparent volume effect during cycling impede its practical applications. Herein, sustainable rice husks (RHs)-derived SiO2 are chosen as a feedstock to design SiOx /iron-nitrogen co-doped carbon (Fe-N-C) materials. Using a facile electrospray-carbonization strategy, SiOx nanoparticles (NPs) are encapsulated in the nitrogen-doped carbon (N-C) frameworks decorating atomically dispersed iron sites. Systematic characterizations including high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM) and X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) verify the existence of Fe single atoms and typical coordination environment. Benefiting from its structural and compositional merits, the SiOx /Fe-N-C anode delivers significantly improved discharge capacity of 799.1mAhg-1 , rate capability, and exceptional durability, compared with pure SiO2 and SiOx /N-C, which has been revealed by the density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Additionally, the electrochemical tests and in situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis reveal the oxidation of Lix Si phase and the storage mechanism. The synthetic strategy is universal for the design and synthesis of metal single atoms/clusters dispersed N-C frameworks encapsulated SiOx NPs. Meanwhile, this work provides impressive insights into developing various LIB anode materials suffering from inferior conductivity and huge volume fluctuations.

N-doped Ti3C2Tx MXene sheet-coated SiOx to boost lithium storage for lithium-ion batteries

Constructing SiOx-based composite materials with fast reaction kinetics and high stability is crucial but challenging for high-performance lithium-ion batteries. Herein, we developed the N-doped Ti3C2Tx MXene ultrathin sheet (NTS)-coupled SiOx nanoparticles using a melamine-assisted ball milling and annealing procedure. The principle of melamine in exfoliating MXene was demonstrated by contrast experiments and theoretical calculations. The strong interfacial interactions between SiOx and the NTS (Si−O−Ti bond) can effectively enhance the electron transfer and ensure electrode stability. Moreover, the NTS with rich surface groups endowed the composite with a pseudocapacitive behavior, beneficial for fast lithium storage. As a result, the composite delivered a long lifespan (∼700 mA h g−1 over 800 cycles at 1.0 A g−1) and a superior rate performance (596.4 mA h g−1 at 5 A g−1). More importantly, the composite in half and full cells exhibited high areal capacity and good cycling stability at high mass loadings, revealing a promising application prospect.

Construction of rice husk-derived SiOx nanoparticles encapsulated with graphene aerogel hybrid for high-performance lithium ion batteries

Silicon monoxides (SiOx), as a promising anode for lithium ion batteries, exhibit higher theoretical capacity than current commercial graphite, low working potential, and relatively smaller volume variations compared with pure silicon. However, the poor cycle performances, unsatisfied rate capabilities and high-cost still limit its industrial applications because of its inevitable volume variations during cycling, low conductivity and complex production process. Herein, we have constructed a SiOx/graphene aerogel (SGA) hybrid derived from low-cost rice husks, exhibiting a three-dimensional framework with macroporous/mesoporous microstructure in which SiOx nanoparticles with diameter of 40–200 nm were encapsulated. The interconnected porous aerogel microstructure could not only relieve the volume variations of SiOx during cycling and shorten the path of Li+ transmission, but also improve its electrical and ion conductivity, resulting in the enhancement of electrochemical properties. As an advanced anode for LIBs, the SGA exhibits an excellent electrochemical performance in term of the specific capacity of 994.5 mAh g−1 at 200 mA g−1 after 200 cycles, and high rate capability of 937.1 mAh g−1 even at 1 A g−1 after 400 cycles.

A Reliable Way to Improve Electrochemical Migration (ECM) Resistance of Nanosilver Paste as a Bonding Material

Electrochemical migration (ECM) of sintered nano-Ag could be a serious reliability concern for power devices with high-density packaging. An anti-ECM nano-Ag-SiOx paste was proposed by doping 0.1wt% SiOx nanoparticles rather than previously used expensive noble metals, e.g., palladium. The ECM lifetime of the sintered nano-Ag-SiOx was 1.5 to 3 times longer than that of the sintered nano-Ag, due to the fact that the SiOx could protect the Ag from oxidation. The thermo-mechanical reliability of the sintered nano-Ag-SiOx was also improved by sintering under 5 MPa assisted pressure. The lesser porosity and smaller grain boundaries of the sintered nano-Ag-SiOx could also be beneficial to retard the silver ECM. In the end, a double-sided semiconductor device was demonstrated to validate the better resistance to the ECM using the sintered nano-Ag-SiOx.

Construction of Rice Husk-Derived Siox Nanoparticles Encapsulated with Graphene Aerogel Hybrid for High-Performance Lithium Ion Batteries

Construction of Rice Husk-Derived Siox Nanoparticles Encapsulated with Graphene Aerogel Hybrid for High-Performance Lithium Ion Batteries

Construction of SiOx/nitrogen-doped carbon superstructures derived from rice husks for boosted lithium storage

Silicon sub-oxides (SiOx) are increasingly becoming a prospective anode material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Nevertheless, inferior electrical conductivity and drastic volume fluctuation upon cycling significantly hamper the electrochemical performance of SiOx. In this work, rice husks (RHs)-derived pitaya-like SiOx/nitrogen-doped carbon (SNC) superstructures have been prepared by a simple electrospray-carbonization approach. SiOx nanoparticles (NPs) are well-dispersed in a spherical nitrogen-doped carbon (NC) matrix. The carbon frameworks discourage the aggregation of SiOx NPs, facilitating the kinetics for ion diffusion and charge transfer, and maintaining structural stability upon cycling, thus bringing about improved electrochemical performance. When the optimized SNC superstructures with SiOx content of 64.3% are utilized as LIBs anodes, a stable specific capacity of 622.8 mA h g−1 after 100 cycles at 0.1 A g−1, and an excellent long cycle performance of 190.1 mA h g−1 after 5000 cycles at 5 A g−1 are obtained. This effective and universal synthetic strategy for fabricating controllable superstructures offers insights into the development of high-performance LIBs.

(Invited) Spectroscopic and Microscopic Characterizations of Silicon-Electrolyte Interfacial Chemistry and Silicon-Based Electrode Aging Behaviors

Due to inherent properties of the silicon (Si)-electrolyte interphase (SEI)—complexity, high reactivity and continuous evolution—it remains a poorly understood topic in advanced Si-based Li-ion battery (LiB) research,1,2 and its detailed and real-time analysis is a great challenge. Vibrational spectroscopy, such as Raman and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), is one of the most important analytical tools for understanding and quantifying the interfacial chemical reactions. These techniques are used extensively by the battery community in their ex situ form, but developing in situ variants of these techniques and combing in situ analyses from both techniques can provide new insight and help to elucidate the mechanism of interfacial failure in battery systems. We have optimized in situ vibrational spectroscopy methods that show reproducible and stable performance over multiple cycles in terms of both electrochemistry and spectroscopy, which enables us to monitor the surface chemistry and evolution of the SEI. This is essential to gaining a better understanding of the electrochemical performance of Si-based LiBs.3-5 Further, the reactions leading to SEI growth and evolution in Si-based LiBs may be more comprehensively probed by monitoring changes in the gas and liquid phases. To this end, we are developing novel in situ gas chromatography (GC) techniques, which may be applied to both coin-type cells and larger-format pouch cells. Using custom cell designs, we track the evolution of electrolyte and degradation species in the gaseous and liquid6 phases at various stages of battery cycling. We achieve both qualitative identification and quantification through coupled mass-spectrometry (MS) and flame ionization detection (FID). This GC-MS-FID analysis complements our in situ vibrational spectroscopy studies, providing a true multi-modal and multi-phase approach to SEI analysis. Taken together, these studies can provide an in-depth understanding of the underlying chemistry and physics and mechanical explanation of various reactions/interactions within the SEI, thus enabling the rational design of electrolytes and electrodes to stabilize the SEI.Additionally, we have developed advanced techniques to assess the structural and electronic properties of Si-based composite electrodes. Comprehensive characterization of pristine and cycled composite electrode architectures is complicated by several inherent properties. During battery operation, Si-based composite electrodes experience localized lithiation and reaction rates due to heterogeneous conditions and distributions of electrode components. Further, (electro)chemical and structural properties continuously evolve during cycling. Finally, the nanoscale diameter of particles falls beneath the lateral and depth resolution of most laboratory-based instruments. To address these challenges, we have utilized scanning spreading resistance microscopy (SSRM) to image the three-dimensional nanostructure of composite anodes via contrast in the electronic properties of the distinct components.7 Specifically, Si-based composite anode components, such as SiOx nanoparticles, graphite, carbon black, and lithium polyacrylate binder, are all readily distinguished by their intrinsic electronic properties, with measured electronic resistivity closely matching known material properties. In combination with scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS), we expect to compare the electrical, chemical and structural changes of Si-based composite electrodes before and after cycling. This can provide a fundamental understanding of localized degradation mechanisms, which informs our understanding of SEI formation and evolution. This technique may also be applied to assess heterogeneous aging within the electrode, and is more broadly applicable to other battery systems. In particular, it may be used to better understand particle dispersion, localized lithiation, electrolyte-electrode interphase formation/evolution, and degradation processes in composite electrodes for the development of next-generation batteries.

Simultaneous Enhancement of Energy and Power Density of Reduced Graphene Oxide by the Effect of Dispersed Metal Oxide Nanoparticles in the Electrolyte

Few-layered reduced graphene oxide (RGO) is prepared from graphite by chemical exfoliation method. In half cell, RGO electrode delivers a specific capacitance value of 41 mF cm−2 at 0.5 mA cm−2 in 1.0 M KOH. An attempt is made to improve the capacitance properties of RGO by widening the operating voltage window and improving the charge storage capability through the use of metal oxide nanoparticles as electrolyte additives. The specific capacitance of RGO increases to 62 mF cm−2 and 87 mF cm−2 when ZnO and SiOx nanoparticles were uniformly dispersed in the electrolyte, respectively, at 0.5 mA cm−2. For a power density of 1.5 mW cm−2, the symmetric supercapacitor assembled using ZnO and SiOx nanofluid electrolyte delivers an energy density of 2.6 μWh cm−2 and 3.03 μWh cm−2, respectively, which is 2.7 and 3.1 times the value of energy density obtained for symmetric supercapacitor assembled using KOH electrolyte. The nanofluid electrolytes show high stability even after 60 d and the electrochemical performance of RGO is reproducible in the aged nanofluid electrolytes. The RGO electrode shows stable cycling for the tested number of 10000 cycles in all the electrolytes.

Insight into the performance of the mesoporous structure SiOx nanoparticles anchored on carbon fibers as anode material of lithium-ion batteries

SiO x has aroused great attractions as a promising substitute for the anode materials of high-performance lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) because of the high specific capacity and the longer cycle life as well as relatively low volume expansion compared to Si. However, the unstable structure and poor conductivity of the SiO x lead to unideal electrochemical properties in LIBs, and thus hindering the widespread application of the SiO x anode. Herein, a facile approach has been put forward to prepare the high-performance mesoporous structure SiO x /carbon (m-SiO x /C) composites by electrospinning technique and sintering processes. The spherical SiO x nanoparticles are well anchored on the carbon fibers, and the reserved space can accommodate large volume expansion of the SiO x materials. Besides, the fibrous carbon materials can significantly enhance the conductivity for the SiO x anodes. Therefore, the resultant m-SiO x /C composites exhibit high discharge specific capacity of 1434 mAh g −1 at 500 mA g −1 with 67.5% capacity retention after 500 cycles and the good rate properties of 410 mAh g −1 at 2000 mA g −1 . In consequence, the reasonable structural design and innovative fabrication technique can facilitate the practical application for the m-SiO x /C composites and further promote the comprehensive electrochemical performance of LIBs.

Three-Dimensional Mapping of Resistivity and Microstructure of Composite Electrodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Nanoparticle silicon-graphite composite electrodes are a viable way to advance the cycle life and energy density of lithium-ion batteries. However, characterization of composite electrode architectures is complicated by the heterogeneous mixture of electrode components and nanoscale diameter of particles, which falls beneath the lateral and depth resolution of most laboratory-based instruments. In this work, we report an original laboratory-based scanning probe microscopy approach to investigate composite electrode microstructures with nanometer-scale resolution via contrast in the electronic properties of electrode components. Applying this technique to silicon-based composite anodes demonstrates that graphite, SiOx nanoparticles, carbon black, and LiPAA binder are all readily distinguished by their intrinsic electronic properties, with measured electronic resistivity closely matching their known material properties. Resolution is demonstrated by identification of individual nanoparticles as small as ∼20 nm. This technique presents future utility in multiscale characterization to better understand particle dispersion, localized lithiation, and degradation processes in composite electrodes for lithium-ion batteries.

A Low-Cost and High-Capacity SiO x /C@graphite Hybrid as an Advanced Anode for High-Power Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Silicon suboxide (SiOx) is one of the most promising anodes for the next-generation high-power lithium-ion batteries because of its higher lithium storage capacity than current commercial graphite, relatively smaller volume variations than pure silicon, and appropriate working potential. However, the high cost, poor cycling stability, and rate capability hampered its industrial applications due to its complex production process, volume changes during Li+ insertion/extraction, and low conductivity. Herein, a low-cost and high-capacity SiOx/C@graphite (SCG) hybrid was designed and synthesized by a facile one-pot carbonization/hydrogen reduction process of the rice husk and graphite. As an advanced anode for lithium-ion batteries, the SiOx/C@graphite hybrid delivers a high reversible capacity with significantly enhanced cycling stability (842 mAh g–1 after 300 cycles at 0.5 A g–1) and rate capability (562 mAh g–1 after 300 cycles at 1 A g–1). The great improvement in performances could be attributed to the positive synergistic effect of SiOx nanoparticles as lithium storage active materials, the in situ-formed carbon matrix network derived from biomass functioning as an efficient three-dimensional conductive network and spacer to improve the rate capability and buffer the volume changes, and graphite as a conductor to further improve the rate capabilities and cycling stability by increasing the conductivity. The low-cost and high-capacity SCG derived from rice husk synthesized by a facile, scalable synthetic method turns out to be a promising anode for the next-generation high-power lithium-ion batteries.

In situ construction of bamboo charcoal derived SiOx embedded in hierarchical porous carbon framework as stable anode material for superior lithium storage

Ongoing pursuit of high performance functional materials from natural and inexpensive resources receive continuous attention. 3D porous SiOx/C composites are constructed only from commercial bamboo charcoal via an in situ top-down synthetic route involving activated carbonization and mild aluminothermic reduction. Particularly, the obtained composites possess a well-reserved porous and hierarchical structure where SiOx nanoparticles are embedded in the entire 3D carbon framework. When used as the active material for lithium-ion battery anode, the optimized SC-3 sample achieves the impressive specific capacity (1100 mA h g−1) at 200 mA g−1 after 300 cycles, as well as prominent cyclic stability under 1 A g−1 (700 mA h g−1 after 200 cycles). Besides, this SiOx/C anode demonstrates perfect capacity retentions and superior cyclic stability in full cells. This low cost bamboo-derived composite can further broaden the vision of advancing new-generation anode materials for rechargeable batteries and the related hierarchical composites.

Exothermically reactive titanium–silica nanoparticles

This paper focuses on developing Ti–SiOx nanoparticles and evaluating their self-propagating exothermic function. In combination with an atomized heating method, molten salt reduction, and sputtering, we established a fabrication technique for Ti–SiOx nanoparticles in which their exothermic characteristics can be designed. In the atomized heating method, porous SiOx nanoparticles with various spherical shapes, sizes, and porosities were fabricated. Porous SiOx nanoparticles with uniformly arranged pores were produced at a polystyrene latex (PSL) concentration of approximately 3.0 wt%. Reduction of the oxygen content of the porous SiOx nanoparticles was conducted using molten salt. Ti was deposited onto the entire surface by stirring and sputtering. The completed 1.0 mg of Ti–SiOx nanoparticle powder exhibited a self-propagating exothermic reaction by applying an electric spark. The relationship between PSL concentration and heat generation characteristics, such as the maximum temperature, time to reach maximum temperature, and duration of the exothermic reaction, was investigated.

Doping low-cost SiOx (1.2

As a die-attach material, nano-Ag paste is extensively applied in the packaging of power semiconductor devices. However, silver is highly prone to migration, particularly at high temperatures. In this paper, we studied the inhibition effect of doping different proportions (0.1% and 0.2%) of low-cost SiOx (1.2 < x < 1.6) nanoparticles (NPs) instead of noble metals to nano-Ag paste on the electrochemical migration (ECM) of silver at high temperatures. The ECM tests showed that silver migration was significantly postponed by the doping of SiOx NPs and the lifetime of sintered Ag-0.2%SiOx was ∼2.6 times than that of sintered Ag at 400 °C and 200 V. The great news was that the mechanical, thermal as well as electrical performances were almost not impacted by the doped SiOx NPs. The mechanism of inhibiting silver migration by doping SiOx NPs was proposed as that the oxidation of SiOx hindered the oxidation of silver. Then a lifetime model was determined to predict the failure of both the sintered nano-Ag and the sintered Ag-SiOx at high temperatures to provide theoretical guidance for the reliability design of the high temperature package of power semiconductor devices.