Single RC Research Articles

Molecular p-doping induced dielectric constant increase of polythiophene films determined by impedance spectroscopy

The dielectric constant (εr) is a fundamental material parameter that governs charge transfer processes in organic semiconductors, yet its value is often assumed rather than measured. Here, we use impedance spectroscopy to determine εr in regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophen-2,5-diyl) (P3HT) thin films p-doped with the molecular dopants hexafluoro-tetracyanonaphthoquinodimethane and 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (F4TCNQ). We fit the impedance spectra using a single RC circuit model to determine the frequency-dependent capacitance and extract εr. The value of the dielectric constant increases by around two-thirds from 2.9 ± 0.1 (undoped polymer) to 4.9 ± 0.6 on the addition of one F4TCNQ molecule per 500 P3HT monomer units. In contrast, the addition of the weak dopant 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ), which does not undergo ground state charge transfer with P3HT, has no effect on the dielectric constant. Our results support the hypothesis that molecular doping has a considerable impact on the materials dielectric constant via polarizable host-dopant complexes.

Interface pressure optimization in a masonry-infilled single bay seven-storey RC frame with an adaptive pneumatic interface using ANN

Interface pressure optimization in a masonry-infilled single bay seven-storey RC frame with an adaptive pneumatic interface using ANN

Mixing effects and yield performance of rice varietal mixture (VarMix) in selected areas in the Philippines

Research around the world has established the good performance of the varietal mixture (VarMix) approach in mitigating the ill effects of biotic stresses on various crops. Thus, the efficiency of this approach against abiotic stresses is also being studied. In the Philippines, the evaluation of VarMix is limited especially in large rice areas that experience water scarcity and unpredictable occurrence of pests and diseases. In this study, yield performances of 12 VarMix combinations and their corresponding single varieties were evaluated in 12 environments nationwide that suffer from water scarcity. VarMix ADCEF yielded highest at 7.7t/ha. Analysis of mixing effects showed that 10 of the 12 combinations gained positive MErelml mean ranging from 0.25 to 17.37%. This shows that their mean yield was higher by 0.25% to 17.37% than the yield mean of their single component varieties in different environments. VarMix ABCE achieved the highest MErelml value of 175.86% in Carmen, Bohol with a 17.37% mean. ABCE also had positive MErelml (1.44% to 19.76%) in Agusan del Norte; Aurora; Nabonton, Ligao, City Albay; Batac City, Ilocos Norte; Iloilo; Nueva Ecija; PhilRice Batac, and PhilRice Bicol. Further, ABCE had the highest positive MEmaxml value of 100.79% (found in Bohol), indicating that its yield was 100.79% higher than the maximum yield of its corresponding variety. Batac City and Iloilo likewise had positive MEmaxml of 1.40% and 0.90%. VarMix combinations BDE, AFE, ABCEF, and ABCDEF reached higher D(x)ml with the same mean values of 0.7 across the 12 locations. The highest D(x)ml of 1.9 was found in BDE and BCD. Based on the static measure of all genotype stability, BDE and single variety NSIC Rc 298 attained small �!i values of 2.0, where the lower the value of variability the more stable they were. In the analysis on responsiveness to environmental productivity, ADCEF was the most responsive and the largest stability (bi) value of 1.2 followed by ACDE, ABC and AFE with 1.1; bi >1 means they have higher responses to a given environment. VarMix combinations that showed yield increase through the mixing effects analysis in actual field conditions will facilitate the selection of elite VarMix for future deployment in areas with similar environment. Results from this study highlighted the potential of VarMix as a stop-gap approach for increasing yield in rice production areas with limited source of water and unpredictable occurrences of pests and diseases.

Soil Interaction of H-shaped Steel-RC Stepped Pile of Integral Abutment Bridge: Experimental Evaluation

The reinforced concrete piles (RC) in integral abutment bridges (IABs) are challenging to meet the longitudinal deformation of bridges with significant lateral stiffness. The H-shaped steel (HS) piles are costly and prone to corrosion. This paper proposes a new form of pile comprised of HS and RC piles in series to meet the longitudinal deformation demand of IABs. Tests were conducted for one HS pile under reciprocating low-cycle pseudo-static test and two HS-RC stepped piles with different bending stiffness ratios of HS/RC (0.25 and 0.5) using the HS-RC pile test model,. The influence of the stiffness ratio on the mechanical behavior of stepped pile-soil was studied. The mechanical behavior of the stepped pile was also compared with single HS and RC piles. and the applicability of the m and p-y curve methods to the calculation of horizontal displacement of stepped pile is discussed. The results show that the elastic deformation range of the HS pile is 2 mm to 25 mm, and its horizontal deformation capacity and bearing capacity are excellent. As the stiffness ratio increases, the stepped pile-soil system's yield displacement and yield load increased. The stiffness ratio has no significant effect on the failure mode of the piles. The hysteretic ring of the stepped pile shows a squeezing shape at the initial loading stage, but becomes a full spindle in the later loading stage. The stepped pile shows an excellent energy consumption effect and a horizontal deformation ability, indicating it is suitable for IABs. The m method has better accuracy only up to 2 mm displacement, while the p-y curve method still has higher accuracy within 15 mm.

The Implementation of Single VCII-based RC Sinusoidal Oscillators: 28 Novel Configurations

The Implementation of Single VCII-based RC Sinusoidal Oscillators: 28 Novel Configurations

Behaviour of Intermediate Moment Resisting RC Frame Structures Under The Influence of P-Delta Effect

Among the different categories of RC frames based on the implemented ductile detailing of the members, Intermediate Moment Resisting Frame (IMRF) is imparted with medium ductility capacity. Buildings with IMRF are intended to be used in Indian Seismic Zone III which refers to moderate level of seismic risk. Although past research has focused extensively on seismic behaviour of non-ductile and fully ductile moment resisting frames, very few studies on IMRF behaviour have been carried out. Also, the influence of P-Delta (P-?) effect on nonlinear behaviour of RC frame buildings has been studied to a limited extent. The present study aims to study the influence of imposed displacement pattern on the nonlinear behaviour of IMRF considering the P-? effect. Initially, single RC frame building five-storey with symmetrical floor plan, is designed as per the relevant Indian guidelines considering possible IMRF behaviour. Although the detailing of frames with medium ductility is absent in the current Indian Code IS: 13920-2016, the same has been carried out as per the draft IS: 13920. Displacement-controlled nonlinear static analysis or pushover analysis is carried out for the designed frames. For the distribution of imposed displacement pattern along the height of the frame, 4 different profiles are adopted, namely (a) parabolic as per IS: 1893 (Part 1) – 2016, (b) uniform, (c) fundamental mode shape and (d) triangular. It is found that under P-? effect, the initial lateral stiffness and base shear capacity get reduced for all the frames. The same can be correlated with the higher lateral displacement Thus, the absence of P-? effect causes overestimation of base shear capacity for the IMRF. The initial global stiffness predicted by the IS: 1893 (Part 1) – 2016 is the least among the lateral stiffness observed under all the load patterns. However, the uniform displacement profile provides the maximum base shear capacity of IMRF among all the load patterns.

Seismic behavior of a novel prefabricated thin-walled CFST double-column pier system for simple on-site assembly

To expedite the development of concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) piers for simple on-site assembly (SOA), a novel prefabricated thin-walled CFST double-column pier system is proposed with the advantages of accelerated on-site construction, facilitated transportation, reasonable constructional cost, and good seismic performance. Two prefabricated thin-walled CFST double-column pier specimens were tested under quasi-static loading, and their failure modes, deformation characteristics, hysterical responses, energy dissipation capacity, stiffness degradation, and residual drift ratio are discussed in detail. The test results indicate that the proposed prefabricated thin-walled CFST double-column pier system shows a fairly good seismic performance with reasonable failure mode, sufficient energy dissipation, and relatively small residual deformation, and the SOA connections can effectively guarantee the overall deformation of the system under a maximum drift ratio of 4.8%. The specimen with double RC tie beams is superior in lateral resistance and initial stiffness to the one with a single RC tie beam, while they show similar performance in ductility and energy dissipation efficiency.

AC conductivity of hBN thin film on Si(111): A high temperature study

Boron nitride (BN) is a layered two-dimensional insulator with excellent chemical, thermal, mechanical, and optical properties. We present a comprehensive characterization of hBN as a dielectric thin film using a high impedance measurement system (100 T Ω ) to reveal the AC conductivity and dielectric properties of reactively RF sputtered 200 nm thick films to 480 °C. The experimental results are analyzed with reference to various theoretical models proposed for electrical conduction in disordered or amorphous semiconductors. Electrical measurements indicate that the mechanism behind hBN AC conductivity is via correlated barrier hopping (CBH) and is assigned to localized states at the Fermi level, where N(EF) ∼ 1018 eV−1 cm−3. Our measurements also reveal a σdc component, with resistance reducing from ∼1010 Ω (50 °C) to 3 × 108 Ω (480 °C). Single RC parallel circuit fits to Cole–Cole plots are achieved signifying a sole conduction path with capacitance values of ∼8 × 10−11 F. These findings may be of interest to material and device scientists and could open new pathways for hBN both as a dielectric material encapsulant and for semiconductor device applications including high-temperature operation.

Study on Performance of Infilled Wall in an RC-Framed Structure Using a Reinforcing Band

Infilled wall is a primary structure which is used in a multistorey RC-framed structure. It is not designed like structural elements, but it is subjected to structural load and response as a heavily damaged element into the building. The main problem of an infilled wall is not actively utilizing in the framed structure and it is not interacted with frame elements. The objective of research is to utilize the infilled wall in the RC-framed structure by improving its performance of behavior. Here, two different types of brick masonry like Autoclaved concrete and clay brick masonry were used as the infilled wall in an RC-framed structure. A singly bay and single storey RC framed structure was cast and tested under a 1/10th scale model by diagonal compressive loading. The specimen was subjected to static loading by a universal testing machine. Infilled wall is weak in tension, so a reinforcing band was used to improve the performance like load carrying capacity, stiffness, ductility, and energy dissipation capacity. Based on the results of the experimental study, it is found that reinforcing band with the infilled wall gives better behavior of the RC-framed structure.

Gas Identification by Simultaneous Permeation through Parallel Membranes: Proof of Concept

This paper describes an experimental system for simultaneous permeation of a pressurized test gas through different gas permeable membranes and provides a proof of concept for a novel approach for gas identification/fingerprinting for potential construction of electronic noses. The design, construction, and use of a six-channel system which allows simultaneous gas permeation from a single pressurized gas compartment through six different parallel membranes are presented. The permeated gas is accumulated in confined spaces behind the respective membranes. The rate of gas pressure accumulation behind each membrane is recorded and used as a measure of the gas permeation rate through the membrane. The utilized gas permeable membranes include Teflon AF, silicone rubber, track-etch hydrophilic polycarbonate, track-etch hydrophobic polycarbonate, track-etch polyimide, nanoporous anodic aluminum oxide, zeolite ZSM-5, and zeolite NaY. An analogy between the rate of pressure accumulation of the permeating gas behind the membrane and the charging of an electric capacitor in a single series RC circuit is proposed and thoroughly validated. The simultaneous permeation rates through different membranes demonstrated a very promising potential as characteristic fingerprints for 10 test gases, that is, helium, neon, argon, hydrogen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, methane, ethane, propane, and ethylene, which are selected as representative examples of mono-, di-, tri-, and polyatomic gases and to include some homologous series as well as to allow testing the potential of the proposed system to discriminate between closely related gases such as ethane and ethylene or carbon dioxide and propane which have almost identical molecular masses. Finally, a preliminary investigation of the possibility of applying the developed gas permeation system for semiquantitative analysis of the CO2-N2 binary mixture is also presented.

Fine-grained magnetoelectric Sr0.5Ba0.5Nb2O6–CoFe2O4 composites synthesized by a straightforward one-pot method

Magnetoelectric (Sr0.5Ba0.5Nb2O6)1−x−(CoFe2O4)x (x = 0.2–0.6) composites were prepared by a one-pot soft-chemistry synthesis using PEG400. Calcining at 700 °C resulted in nanocrystalline composite powders (dcryst. = 24–30 nm) which were sintered between 1050 and 1200 °C to ceramic bodies with relative densities up to 98%. SEM investigations confirm the formation of composite ceramics with a 0–3 connectivity and variable grain sizes from 0.2 to 3.6 μm for sintering up to 1150 °C, while sintering at 1200 °C leads both to a change in the microstructure and a considerable grain growth. Magnetic measurements at 300 K reveal ferrimagnetic behaviour with saturation magnetization values smaller than bulk CoFe2O4 and coercivities between 790 and 160 Oe. Temperature-dependent impedance spectroscopy showed that the relative permittivities decrease both with rising frequency and CoFe2O4 fraction. The frequency dependence of the impedance can be well described using a single RC circuit. Magnetoelectric measurements show the presence of pronounced field hystereses. The maximum magnetoelectric coefficient (αME) depends both on the CoFe2O4 fraction (x) and sintering temperature. The composite with x = 0.3 exhibits the largest αME value of 37 μV Oe−1 cm−1 (@ 900 Hz). With rising frequency of the AC driving field αME increases up to 300–400 Hz and is nearly constant until 1 kHz.

A study on behaviour of long and short column under dynamic loading

Most of the multi-story buildings are built on sloping land, because of the variable ground profile. As a result, to keep the roof at the same height, the length of columns must be varied, either in the basement or on the ground floor. It is vital to examine the behaviour of such long variable-length columns under different loading conditions. One of the most significant criteria to consider in the design of structures is dynamic loads. The behaviour of short and long columns under dynamic loading was investigated in this study using a structure. In SAP2000, a 3-dimensional single storey RC structure with dimensions of 4 m × 8 m × 4.5 m is modelled with six columns, two of which are small columns of 2.5 m and four long columns of 4.5 m. The structure's intrinsic frequency and weight were determined based on the analytical analysis (SAP). The prototype model is then scaled down 10 times and analysed with steel sections in SAP; the properties of the steel are obtained through a trial-and-error method, and the dimensions of the steel sections that satisfy the frequency and weight of the prototype model, which is scaled down to 10 times, are obtained as a long column of 450 mm in length, a short column of 250 mm in length, and both columns are 75x6mm in size, while the size of the slab is 400x800mm with a 6 mm thick steel sheet. For experimental purposes, a similar steel section model is fabricated and tested on a shaking table to determine the maximum displacement for a particular frequency of around 7 Hz to 15 Hz with a base displacement of 1 mm. The maximum displacement occurred around 13.50 Hz, which is nearly identical to the frequency of the SAP model. The research also looks at the evaluation of forces on the columns and acceleration values at various frequencies from the shake table test of a single degree of freedom system.

Computation of distribution of relaxation times by Tikhonov regularization for Li ion batteries: usage of L-curve method

In this paper, the distribution of relaxation times (DRTs) functions are calculated numerically in Matlab for synthetic impedance data from single parallel RC circuit and two parallel RC circuits connected in series, experimental impedance data from supercapacitors and α-LiFeO2 anode based Li ion batteries. The quality of the impedance data is checked with the Kramers–Krönig (KK) relations. The DRTs are calculated within the KK compatible regime for all the systems using Tikhonov regularization (TR) method. Here we use a fast and simple L-curve method to estimate the TR parameter (λ) for regularization of the Fredholm integral equations of first kind in impedance. Estimation of the regularization parameters are performed effectively from the offset of the global corner of the L-curve rather than simply using the global corner. The physical significances of DRT peaks are also discussed by calculating the effective resistances and capacitances coupled with peak fitting program. For instance, two peaks in the DRTs justify the electrical double layer capacitance and ion diffusion phenomena for supercapacitors in low to intermediate frequencies respectively. Moreover, the surface film effect, Li/electrolyte and electrode/electrolyte charge transfer related processes are identified for α-LiFeO2 anode based Li-ion batteries. This estimation of the offset of the global corner extends the L-curve approach coupled with the Tikhonov regularization in the field of electrochemistry and can also be applied in similar process detection methods.

DEFECT STUDY ON SINGLE STOREY REINFORCED CONCRETE BUILDING IN WEST SUMATRA: BEFORE AND AFTER 2009 WEST SUMATRA EARTHQUAKE

Indonesia has a high number of damaged buildings due to earthquake excitation. An event in2009 (Mw 7.6) affected the buildings and infrastructure of Padang, where more than one hundred thousandwere damaged to severe, medium, or slight levels. Previous studies have found that structural defects in thetypical reinforced concrete buildings are the major cause of the catastrophic results of damage. However, theresearch that presenting the predominant defects suffered by RC building is limited. Hence, this research aimedat assessing the defects on the single-storey RC building in West Sumatra to arrange the defects list and findingthe predominant defects on the target building type. Furthermore, by analyzing the data statistically, this studycompared the defect found on the buildings that were built before and after the 2009 West Sumatra Earthquake.Hence, the information about the progress on building quality after the earthquake event can be provided. Thisresearch uses field survey and data analysis of 100 single storey RC buildings with masonry wall aged from77 years till 0 years. The samples were selected randomly in the area of Padang-Pariaman district in WestSumatra, Indonesia. The results show that common defects found are 18% of the building do not have structuralcolumns, 38% without structural beams, and 60% of the building’s structural elements concrete cover do notfollow the minimum concrete cover required by Indonesia National Standard. This study also found that 20%of columns are indicated to be corroded.

Estimation Of Drift Limits For Different Seismic Damage States Of Typical Single-story Precast Rc Buildings

In the past earthquakes, the field surveys performed on the single-story precast RC industrial buildings reveal that the main reason for severe damages in those structures were due to the insufficient lateral stiffness. These high period structures exhibit more flexible behavior than conventional reinforced concrete structures. In this study, different code status single story precast RC industrial building models have been considered. Limit drift values for four different damage states such as slight, moderate, extensive, and complete have been investigated based on Park and Ang damage index values. These damage index values are obtained from incremental dynamic analysis. Incremental dynamic analysis is conducted for 25 earthquake ground motion records. The results of current study show that there is an increase in mean drift values obtained for each damage case taken from low code to high code. In the final step, values of current study are also examined in comparison with the values recommended for low-rise prefabricated building class in HAZUS. It is believed that the limit drift values presented in the study will allow a practical and rapid evaluation of the vulnerability of the considered structure.

A 2.4-㎓ Low-power Low-IF Receiver Employing a Quadrature Low-noise Amplifier for Bluetooth Low Energy Applications

In this paper, a low-power low-IF receiver employing a quadrature low-noise amplifier (LNA) is proposed for Bluetooth low energy (BLE) applications. The proposed quadrature LNA, which can provide accurate quadrature signals in the RF path, consists of a common-source amplifier with inductive degeneration and a quadrature generator based on a common-gate amplifier with a single RC network. Therefore, a BLE receiver using the proposed LNA can eliminate quadrature generating circuitry of the LO chain, thereby reducing power consumption. The implemented receiver is composed of the quadrature LNA, single-to-differential double-balanced active mixer, and second-order G<SUB>m-</SUB>C complex filter. Simulated in a 65-nm CMOS process, it achieves a conversion gain, noise figure, and an image rejection ratio of 53.2 dB, 4.81 dB and 38 dB, respectively, and consumes 2.2 mA from a supply voltage of 0.8 V. The die area is 2.24 ㎟.

Comparison of one and two time constant models for lithium ion battery

The fast and accurate modeling topologies are very much essential for power train electrification. The importance of thermal effect is very important in any electrochemical systems and must be considered in battery models because temperature factor has highest importance in transport phenomena and chemical kinetics. The dynamic performance of the lithium ion battery is discussed here and a suitable electrical equivalent circuit is developed to study its response for sudden changes in the output. An effective lithium cell simulation model with thermal dependence is presented in this paper. One series resistor, one voltage source and a single RC block form the proposed equivalent circuit model. The 1 RC and 2 RC Lithium ion battery models are commonly used in the literature are studied and compared. The simulation of Lithium-ion battery 1RC and 2 RC Models are performed by using Matlab/Simulink Software. The simulation results in his paper shows that Lithium-ion battery 1 RC model has more maximum output error of 0.42% than 2 RC Lithium-ion battery model in constant current condition and the maximum output error of 1 RC Lithium-ion battery model is 0.18% more than 2 RC Lithium-ion battery model in UDDS Cycle condition. The simulation results also show that in both simple and complex discharging modes, the error in output is much improved in 2 RC lithium ion battery model when compared to 1 RC Lithium-ion battery model. Thus the paper shows for general applications like in portable electronic design like laptops, Lithium-ion battery 1 RC model is the preferred choice and for automotive and space design applications, Lithium-ion 2 RC model is the preferred choice. In this paper, these simulation results for 1 RC and 2 RC Lithium-ion battery models will be very much useful in the application of practical Lithium-ion battery management systems for electric vehicle applications.

Seismic risk of critical facilities in the Dominican Republic: case study of school buildings

The island of Hispaniola, shared by the Dominican Republic and Haiti, is located in a subduction zone between the North America plate and the Caribbean plate. In addition, there are 13 geological faults in the interior of the island, some of which have shown the potential to generate earthquakes of magnitude 7.5 and higher. Thus, the whole island is considered to be a high seismic risk region. In the past 100 years, several earthquakes have affected both parts of the island. In the case of the Dominican Republic, two earthquakes stand out: a magnitude 8.1 earthquake on August 4, 1946, north of the Samaná Province, which caused a tsunami, soil liquefaction, and the loss of about 100 lives, and a magnitude 6.5 earthquake on September 22, 2003, in the city of Puerto Plata, which caused significant damage for infrastructures. Among the observed effects, the partial and total collapse of several school buildings had a remarkable impact on local communities. In addition to the high seismic risk, a large part of the national infrastructure may exhibit high vulnerability to earthquakes because the seismic regulations had been the same for 32 years, namely from 1979 to 2011. During these three decades, thousands of structures were built nationwide, including essential facilities such as hospitals and schools. Considering that the current student population in public schools in the Dominican Republic is over 2 million, with the majority attending buildings that were designed with the 1979 seismic code and which proved to be highly vulnerable during the Puerto Plata earthquake, it is vital to take measures that reduce the risk and minimize potential earthquake damage to school buildings. In this context, the Technological Institute of Santo Domingo (INTEC) has undertaken recently a project with the main objective to assess the seismic vulnerability of 22 schools located in the San Cristóbal Province, in the south of the Dominican Republic. The latter schools were all built prior to the adoption of the current updated seismic code. This paper presents the results of the assessment of the Fernando Cabral Ortega School. Although only the results of a single RC building are presented, the response of such structure can be considered representative of a portfolio of existing schools in Dominican Republic.

Seismic Performance Evaluation of a Proposed Buckling-Restrained Brace for RC-MRFS

Abstract This paper presents a novel buckling-restrained brace (BRB) where the inner core is restrained by a concrete infilled Expanded Polystyrene Sheet (EPS) instead of the conventional concrete infilled tube section, to resist inner core buckling. It serves two purposes, firstly, the EPS is a ductile material, which is favourable in terms of seismic performance and, secondly, the outer construction material has better corrosion resistance. Thus, the life of the steel core can be prolonged. In this study, 6 BRB specimens were prepared, of which 3 BRB specimens were infilled with concrete and the remaining 3 BRB specimens with concrete and EPSs, in order to study their performance under cyclic loading. Three different core heights, all with the same core thickness, were adopted. The test results indicate that the load-carrying capacity of this novel BRB is higher than the conventional BRB. Further, the length of the steel tube also affects the strength of the seismic disaster mitigation system. Lastly, a numerical study on a single bay RC frame, with and without BRB subjected to time history analysis, was conducted to check the global performance of this novel system. It was found that the structural responses had substantially decreased.

(Invited) Characterization of Mxene/Graphene Supercapacitor Yarns Using Time and Frequency Models

Supercapacitors (SC) turned out to be efficient devices for electrochemical energy storage thanks to their high energy density vs. classical surface capacitors- and high power density vs. batteries. In the absence of electrode components prone to react with the electrolyte, charges are stored in the pore space in a purely capacitive way under the form of electrical double-layer EDL at the solid-liquid interface [1, 2]. In several cases, additional pseudo-capacitive energy storage appears through redox reactions, underpotential deposition of metals or -to a lower extent- to ions intercalation [3]. This may also lead eventually to charge losses. The optimization of supercapacitors can be facilitated using electrode and electrolyte models that capture the physics at the local scale to better understand the charge and mass transfer phenomena governing their behavior. Indeed, SC characterization is still based on relatively simple models based on macroscopic parameters that are generally determined according to voltage evolution during constant current charge and discharge. The electrical equivalent circuit (EEC) often includes only an equivalent series resistance and a capacitance tied up to the average pore population governing their dynamic behavior [1, 2]. In order to account for pore size distribution within the electrodes, EEC consisting of two or more branches of resistances and capacitances in series are sometimes used [1, 2], although some parameters may appear to be correlated. In addition to the charge/discharge behavior, Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) is another extensively used tool for characterizing electrochemical systems [2, 4]. Since single or multiple branches RC EECs based on surface reaction assumption are not adapted to the frequency domain, SC impedance spectra are usually modelled using Transmission Line Models (TLM) [2, 4] accounting for the volumetric character of the electrodes. TLM are however rarely applied for SC characterization in the time domain, and in the few cases that exist, not under the form of simple analytical expressions [2]. In order to yield a basis for SC modelling and characterization, we present a parameter study comparing different model approaches. They can be applied to purely capacitive and pseudo-capacitive SC with the ultimate objective to derive a model able to capture part of the physics at the local scale and to describe the SC behavior in both the time and frequency domains. As an example we compare the parameters identified in the time and frequency domains on different types of supercapacitor yarns developed by Gao’s group at NCSU [5], including pure double-layer capacitive reduced Graphene Oxide (rGO) yarn SCs and titanium carbide (MXene) – rGO yarn SCs presenting an additional pseudo-capacitive behavior and potentially ion intercalation [3]. In these flexible 2D material based devices, the active components, 2D flakes, are stacked together in distinct morphologies (either smoothly packed with grooves on fiber surfaces, or highly wrinkled via cation crosslinking), wherein different porosity and pore distributions exist. Experimental results as reported by Dr. Gao’s group exhibit dramatically different specific capacitances and rate capabilities. Figure Caption Left: Scheme of the MXene – rGO yarn SC structure; right: Nyquist plot of the MXene-rGO Sc impedance data and interpolation curves obtained with a purely capacitive (dashed line) and a pseudo-capacitive (full line) TLM model.