Single-phase Boost Power Factor Research Articles

Efficient power factor correction in single phase AC–DC boost converter for retrofitted electric bicycle battery charging: A finite element analysis approach

This research paper describes modifying a conventional bicycle into an electric bike by retrofitting it with a single-phase boost power factor correction (PFC) rectifier for low power battery chargers. The proposed work was designed and developed in a single stage, as opposed to the traditional two-stage chargers used to charge E-bicycle, to provide the desired outcomes of enhanced efficiency, good power quality, and dependability due to the charger's lower cost. Additionally, the proposed converter uses a single switch, which reduces not necessary body diode conduction and circulating current and enhances the PFC device's thermal management. Additionally, this research makes use of the diode bridge rectifier (DBR) arrangement, which offers low current stress and is suitable for electric bicycles. The converter operates at a low cost with reduced magnetics (DCM) by operating the charger in discontinuous conduction mode at such low voltage levels. It also accomplishes intrinsic power factor at the ac mains by employing a simple control method to maintain the battery in high power density constant current (CC) and constant voltage (CV) states. A thorough state space investigation is carried out in combination with modeling and testing to ensure that the electric bicycle charger operates effectively. Consequently, low power chargers are a good fit for the proposed single stage front-end converter, and a 250 W hardware prototype is used to verify the findings.

A dSPACE-based implementation of ANFIS and predictive current control for a single phase boost power factor corrector

This paper presents an innovative control scheme designed to significantly enhance the power factor of AC/DC boost rectifiers by integrating an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) with predictive current control. The innovative control strategy addresses key challenges in power quality and energy efficiency, demonstrating exceptional performance under diverse operating conditions. Through rigorous simulation, the proposed system achieves precise input current shaping, resulting in a remarkably low total harmonic distortion (THD) of 3.5%, which is well below the IEEE-519 standard threshold of 5%. Moreover, the power factor reaches an outstanding 0.990, indicating highly efficient energy utilization and near-unity power factor operation. To validate the theoretical findings, a 500 W laboratory prototype was implemented using the dSPACE ds1104 digital controller. Steady-state analysis reveals sinusoidal input currents with minimal THD and a power factor approaching unity, thereby enhancing grid stability and energy efficiency. Transient response tests further demonstrate the system’s robustness against load and voltage fluctuations, maintaining output voltage stability within an 18 V overshoot and a 20 V undershoot during load changes, and achieving rapid response times as low as 0.2 s. Comparative evaluations against conventional methods underscore the superiority of the proposed control strategy in terms of both performance and implementation simplicity. By harnessing the strengths of ANFIS-based voltage regulation and predictive current control, this scheme offers a robust solution to power quality issues in AC/DC boost rectifiers, promising substantial energy savings and improved grid stability. The results affirm the potential of the proposed system to set new benchmarks in power factor correction technology.

Research on Cascaded Single Phase PFC Based on Predictive PI Control

In order to improve the charging speed and reduce the occupied volume of an electric vehicle charger, a single-phase boost power factor corrector (PFC) system with cascade CHB (cascaded H-bridge) topology was adopted. Due to the periodic fluctuation of single-phase AC input, there is a large double power frequency ripple component in the output voltage of an AC-DC converter. When capacitor voltage is used as output for feedback control, the control system has the characteristics of a non-minimum phase system. In light of these factors that affect the dynamic stability of the system, a control method is proposed to improve the dynamic characteristics of the system without affecting its steady-state performance. The predictive PI control strategy was adopted to predict the error input signal of the lag process to attenuate the jitter in the control system and improve the dynamic performance and anti-interference of the system. Finally, the feasibility of the scheme was verified by experiments.

A Series Arc Fault Detection Strategy for Single-Phase Boost PFC Rectifiers

This paper proposes a series arc fault detection algorithm which incorporates peak voltage and harmonic current detectors for single-phase boost power factor correction (PFC) rectifiers. The series arc fault model is also proposed to analyze the phenomenon of the arc fault and detection algorithm. For arc detection, the virtual dq transformation is utilized to detect the peak input voltage. In addition, multiple combinations of low- and high-pass filters are applied to extract the specific harmonic components which show the characteristics of the series arc fault conditions. The proposed model and the arc detection method are experimentally verified through a boost PFC rectifier prototype operating under the grid-tied condition with an artificial arc generator manufactured under the guidelines for the Underwriters Laboratories (UL) 1699 standard.

Design and real time implementation of single phase boost power factor correction converter

This paper presents a real time implementation of the single-phase power factor correction (PFC) AC–DC boost converter. A combination of higher order sliding mode controller based on super twisting algorithm and predictive control techniques are implemented to improve the performance of the boost converter. Due to the chattering effects, the higher order sliding mode control (HOSMC) is designed. Also, the predictive technique is modified taking into account the large computational delays. The robustness of the controller is verified conducting simulation in MATLAB, the results show good performances in both steady and transient states. An experiment is conducted through a test bench based on dSPACE 1104. The experimental results proved that the proposed controller enhanced the performance of the converter under different parameters variations.

Input Differential-Mode EMI of CRM Boost PFC Converter

In this paper, the differential-mode (DM) electromagnetic interference (EMI) noise of a single-phase boost power factor correction converter operating in critical current mode was analyzed. The DM noise spectra are calculated based on the mathematical model of EMI receiver and the required corner frequencies of DM filter are obtained. It can be seen that the minimum corner frequencies are determined by the maximum noises at 150 kHz. With the relation between the magnitude of the inductor current ripple and the DM noise, the characteristics of noise at 150 kHz are obtained by analyzing the current ripple magnitude at 150 kHz; thus, the worst conditions which have the maximum noise value are figured out. Meanwhile, the maximum noises at 150 kHz for different input voltages are identical, so the DM filter can be designed based on one worst spectrum at one input voltage without testing the spectra in other conditions.

Analysis and design of an isolated single-phase power factor corrector with a fast regulation

This paper presents an analysis and a modeling approach to obtain a small-signal model design and the digital implementation of a linear control technique for single-phase boost power factor correctors (PFC). Such converters present nonlinear characteristics and approximations of them are used to drive the models. The proposed circuit significantly improves the dynamic response of the converter to load steps without the need of a high crossover frequency of the voltage loop by adding low-pass filter. So, a low distortion of the input current is easily achieved. This controller has been verified via simulation in Simulink using a continuous time plant model and a discrete time controller. Real-time implementation is performed on an experimental test bench utilizing a rapid prototyping tool. The controller is experimentally confirmed for steady-state performance and transient response.

Research on Soft Switching Power Supply with High Power Factor Based on Boost Converter

With the development of power electronics，the technology of Switching Mode Power Supply(SMPS) is gradually perfected. However，there is no end to the demand for a high power and high performance power supply. Nowadays, Power Factor Correction (PFC) technique is widely researched. This paper mainly analyzes the fundamental configuration of the switching power supply. And we study the basic structure and the operating principles of ZVT-boost soft-switching PFC circuit and the implementing principle of soft switch. For the power requirements, the two-stage PFC circuit is used. The forward stage is a single-phase Boost Power Factor Correction circuit and the backward stage main circuit is a full-bridge converter with the phase-shifting control soft-switching technique. Finally the simulating analysis is performed to the designed system.

Input Impedance Analysis of Single-Phase PFC Converters

The input impedance of single-phase boost power factor corrected (PFC) AC-DC converters is modeled and analyzed in this paper. A large-signal model is presented for the input impedance which overcomes the limitations of traditional piece-wise linearized models. The model is valid at frequencies ranging from the crossover frequency of the output voltage loop to half the switching frequency of the converter. Experimental results from a boost single-phase PFC converter are provided to validate the model. Input characteristics of typical boost PFC converters, such as input impedance dipping, leading phase of the input current, and responses to distorted input voltages are studied by using the model. A simple compensation technique to reduce the dipping in the input impedance, thereby improving converter performance and minimizing the potential for undesirable interactions with the input filter or the ac source, is also presented.

Predictive Digital Control of Power Factor Preregulators With Input Voltage Estimation Using Disturbance Observers

The paper presents a fully digital control of single-phase boost power factor preregulators (PFPs) based on inductor (or switch) current and output voltage measurements. Input voltage sensing is avoided using a disturbance observer, which provides a waveform proportional to the rectified input voltage. The proposed solution is based on a multiloop structure for PFPs with an internal deadbeat current control and a conventional outer voltage control, possibly with fast dynamic response. The resulting control algorithm is simple, accurate, and robust with respect to parameter mismatch. The digital control has been implemented both in a field programmable gate array and in a digital signal processor (TMS320F2812), to test the proposed algorithm with different control delays. Experimental results on a single-phase boost PFPs show the effectiveness of the proposed solution.

Limits in boost power factor corrector operating in border-line mode

The single-phase boost power factor correctors may operate in the so called border-line mode, which is distinguished by variable switching frequency. If some constraints are imposed on variability of this frequency some limits to output voltage and power of the circuit appear at once. The paper shows the origin of them and presents formulas and graphs helpful in a proper choice of circuit parameters in order to keep the switching frequency within a predefined range, also under the changes of input line voltage and of the load resistance.