Single Passive Optical Network Research Articles

English

Aunifiedfiber-to-the-homes (FTTHs) and wireless sensor network (WSN) provides a profitable solution to build up an immaculate ubiquitous-City (U-city). The key objects of actual convergence of FTTH and WSN are less computational intricacy for data packet processing, little installation cost, and good quality of services. In this paper, we familiarise an integrated network structure of multi-optical line terminal (multi-OLT) passive optical network (PON) which can lodge multiple service workers in a single PON. A modified version of interleaved polling algorithm is proposed for scheduling of control messages from multiple OLTs in a single network. We also provide thorough mathematical analysis of cycle time variation, succeeding grant scheduling time, and average packet interruption for both uniform and non-uniform traffic loads generated by each ONU, using fixed service bandwidth provision scheme and limited service bandwidth sharing scheme. We also compare the throughput of the anticipated scheme with existing single-OLT PON for non-uniform traffic load using limited provision bandwidth allocation scheme. The replication results show that the proposed multi-OLT PON system can ropes prevailing bandwidth allocation schemes with better routine than the single-OLT PON in terms of average packet delay, bandwidth consumption, and throughput.

Flexible 16 $\times$ 10-Gb/s All-Optical Broadcast and Multicast TWDM Passive Optical Network

To achieve flexible packet routing in a time wavelength-division multiplexing passive optical network (PON) architecture, most proposed systems use a tunable transceiver in the optical line terminal (OLT). The tunable transceiver is attractive for use in a PON system because it is able to broadcast and multicast packets within the entire PON system, being limited only to a single PON link. The proposed all-optical packet routing (AOPR) module was designed to incorporate a fixed-type wavelength OLT transmitter with a continuous-wave pump probe signal module. The design of the module is based on the ALL-ON method to support all broadcast signals, which replaces the wavelength tuning feature in the tunable OLT transmitter. The proposed architecture was designed using the multicasting cross-gain modulation (XGM) method. In this proposed design, the XGM function of the OLT system becomes a part of the AOPR OLT transmitter. The arrangement of this design aims to generate single or multiple wavelengths in a downstream direction in each OLT PON port. The measurement results revealed that the proposed system can handle a total of 160-Gb/s broadcast downstream bandwidth to serve 16 PON links using $16\lambda$ with a maximum of 2048 users.

Single PON network design with unconstrained splitting stages

A Passive Optical Network (PON) is a network technology for deploying access networks based on passive optical components. In a single PON access network, the client terminals are connected to a Central Office through optical splitters and interconnecting fibers where each splitter splits in equal parts the input optical signal coming from the Central Office over its different output fibers. In this paper, we consider PON topology solutions where the splitting ratio and the number of splitting stages are not constrained to a given target design but, instead, are decided based on the cost of the solutions. We present different Integer Linear Programming formulations to model this problem and provide computational results showing that the optimal solutions can be computed for realistic problem instances. In addition, we describe how the formulations can be adapted for the traditional PON topology approaches and present computational results showing that significant cost gains are obtained with the unconstrained splitting stage approach.

A PON-Based Large Sensor Network and Its Performance Analysis with Sync-LS MAC Protocol

Properties of a large sensor network in a ubiquitous-City should include increased energy efficiency and reduced latency. These two properties are mainly dependent on the network size and the number of hops. Both of them can be improved by using an efficient clustering algorithm. In this paper, we introduce a clustering algorithm based on a passive optical network (PON) system, where optical line terminal is analogous to personal area network coordinator and optical network unit performs as cluster head. Application of a PON system to a sensor network can lead to an efficient converged network, because a PON system can integrate a large sensor network where a lot number of nodes are distributed over wide area. If the large network is converged on a single PON system, then the management of the system becomes very efficient and cost effective. We also present a new medium access control protocol to improve the performance of the sensor network. Proposed schemes are analyzed with a test network, and the results show that they are very efficient in delay-sensitive large sensor network.

2.5 Gb/s hybrid WDM/TDM PON using radio over fiber technique

Hybrid gigabit-passive optical network (GPON) is a hybrid passive optical network, where wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) GPON and time division multiplexing (TDM)-GPON are integrated into a single passive optical network, reducing cost and increasing the data rate. In this paper, 2.5Gb/s GPON downstream link is presented, using the radio over fiber (RoF) technique in GPON network architecture. It has been done by means of commercial OptiSystem simulation software, where, differential phase shift keying (DPSK) modulation is proposed by using 2.4GHz radio frequency. The propagation of radio signals along a 25km standard single mode fiber (SMF) investigated. The simulated model can support 32 and 64 users. The analysis was made based on the performance of eye diagram, optical signal to noise ratio (OSNR), constellation diagram, error vector magnitude (EVM) and received power.

Network Architecture and Performance Analysis of MULTI-OLT PON for FTTH and Wireless Sensor Networks

An integrated fiber-to-the-homes (FTTHs) and wirele ss sensor network (WSN) provides a cost-effective solution to build up an immaculate ubiquitous-City (U-city). The key objectives of effective converge nce of FTTH and WSN are less computational complexity f or data packet processing, low installation cost, and good quality of services. In this paper, we int roduce an integrated network structure of multi-opt ical line terminal (multi-OLT) passive optical network ( PON) which can accommodate multiple service providers in a single PON. A modified version of in terleaved polling algorithm is proposed for schedul ing of control messages from multiple OLTs in a single network. We also provide detailed numerical analysi s of cycle time variation, successive grant schedulin g time, and average packet delay for both uniform a nd non-uniform traffic loads generated by each ONU, us ing fixed service bandwidth allocation scheme and limited service bandwidth allocation scheme. We als o compare the throughput of the proposed scheme with existing single-OLT PON for non-uniform traffi c load using limited service bandwidth allocation scheme. The simulation results show that the propos ed multi-OLT PON system can supports existing bandwidth allocation schemes with better performanc e than the single-OLT PON in terms of average packet delay, bandwidth utilization, and throughput .

Fiber to the Home Using a PON Infrastructure

Traffic patterns in access networks have evolved from voice- and text-oriented services to video- and image-based services. This change will require new access networks that support high-speed (> 100 Mb/s), symmetric, and guaranteed bandwidths for future video services with high-definition TV quality. To satisfy the required bandwidth over a 20-km transmission distance, single-mode optical fiber is currently the only practical choice. To minimize the cost of implementing an FTTP solution, a passive optical network (PON) that uses a point-to-multipoint architecture is generally considered to be the best approach. There are several multiple-access techniques to share a single PON architecture, and the authors addressed several of these approaches such as time-division multiple access, wavelength-division multiple access, subcarrier multiple access, and code-division multiple access. Among these multiple techniques, they focus on time-division multiplexing (TDM)-PON and wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM)-PON, which will be the most promising candidates for practical future systems. A TDM-PON shares a single-transmission channel with multiple subscribers in time domain. Then, there exists tight coupling between subscribers. A WDM-PON provides point-to-point optical connectivity using a dedicated pair of wavelengths per user. While a TDM-PON appears to be a satisfactory solution for current bandwidth demands, the combination of future data-rate projections and traffic patterns coupled with recent advances in WDM technology may result in WDM-PON becoming the preferred solution for a future proof fiber-based access network