Single Output DC-DC Converter Research Articles

State of-The-Art Multi-Input DC-DC Converter Topologies and their Control Techniques: A Review

Environmental awareness and technological advancement have made renewable energy sources such as fuel cell,solar photovoltaic (PV), wind energy an emerging research area. Power electronics converters are used as interface betweenthe renewable energy sources and the load unit, aimed at matching these sources with the load demand and improving thesteady-state and dynamic characteristics. Traditional method of using multiple single-input single-output dc-dc converter tointegrate several renewable energy sources, comes with challenges in controller design, poor efficiency, low power densityand increase in cost. To address these limitations, the use of an integrated multi-port converter is a preferable solution.Recently, several multi-port dc-dc converter topologies have been reported each having its peculiarity in terms of number ofcomponent count, relationships between input and output, voltage conversion ratio, control algorithm and efficiency. Thisarticle reviewed multi-port dc-dc converters presented by different research groups from the point of view of topology, inputand output relation and structure. Furthermore, control algorithms proposed to solve various control problems are alsoreviewed.

Design of digital compensators for multi-output DC-DC converters with reduced cross-regulation

ABSTRACT In the recent times, a single multi-port DC-DC converter (MPC) is highly preferred over the multiple single output DC-DC converters. Single Input Dual Output (SIDO) Buck converter with Coupled Inductors (CI) are widely employed for the reduction of multiple outputs. In this paper, the prognostic procedures to monitor MPC operating with load dynamics are discussed. The occurrence of cross-regulation during the load dynamics is suppressed by an improved digital compensator, which was specifically designed to address the cross-regulation problem. The developed digital compensation circuit is employed in the CI-SIDO Buck converter with an input of 48 V and delivering outputs of 12 V/75Watts and 24 V/125 Watts. The occurrence of cross-regulation is controlled by decoupled dual loop digital PID controller with dynamical digital compensation. A meticulous Frequency Response Analysis (FRA) with bode plot is conducted exhaustively for the derived system transfer functions. The proposed design is verified in simulation and experiments, exhibiting an enhanced results with significant suppression in cross-regulation and stability.

Design and analysis of a switch fault-tolerant multi-input single-output DC-DC converter for high reliability applications

The DC–DC converters have been used extensively in various industrial applications such as consumer electronics, aerospace, electric vehicles, and renewable energy systems. The reliability ensures that the converter continues to operate safely and efficiently despite the presence of faults. Enhancing the reliability of DC-DC converters is a challenging task, as power switches are the most fragile components that can be affected by faults in the system. Hence, to address these challenges and ensure the safety of the converter, it is vital to implement appropriate fast fault-diagnosis techniques and fault-tolerant strategies. Many new network topologies have been presented in literature, which lead to a shift from single input–single output to multiport converters. These converters are suitable for integrating different energy sources. However, the majority of them are operated using a time-sharing method, in which only one energy source is used at a time, and the others are inactive at any specified duty cycle. Therefore, the converter and input sources are underutilized in the conventional time-sharing approach. This paper proposes a new multi-input single-output (MISO) converter topology with fully integrated switch fault tolerance. It can perform multi-input buck, boost, and buck-boost operations. More importantly, the converter can operate uninterruptedly for single or multiple switch faults. Using simulation and experimental results, a 400 W prototype circuit is designed to analyze the converter's reliability and performance.

Design and analysis of a high-gain dual-input single-output DC-DC converter for hybrid energy systems applications

<span lang="EN-US">The high gain converters are one among the proven topologies that are found attractive for industrial and commercial applications. They deal with high power ratings like automobile headlamps, energy backup systems, and fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEV). In literature, most of the topologies were used a single duty ratio. This may not be reliable for high-duty cycle operation because to improve the voltage gain, the components will be increases. This paper proposes the time-sharing concept based on the non-isolated high step-up dc-dc converter. With the parallel-charged and series-discharged inductors, the proposed converter can produce high output voltage gains. The effectiveness of the proposed circuit configuration is verified in MATLAB/Simulink and the results are corroborated by theoretical analysis.</span>

A Dual-Input Single-Output DC-DC Converter Topology for Renewable Energy Applications

Multi-port power converters are widely used in managing multiple energy sources and loads. To that end, a dual-input single-output dc-dc converter is proposed in this article. The converter integrates two low-voltage dc sources into a dc bus. Pulse width modulation is used to control the transfer energy from the input ports to the output port. The soft-switching operation in the primary side switches is achieved with the help of the secondary side modulation and the discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) operation of the primary inductors. Moreover, the DCM operation helps avoid the high-frequency transformer saturation even when the two input voltages have different magnitudes. Detailed analysis of the proposed dc-dc converter is presented in this article. The steady-state operation, the dynamic performance at the output load variation and input voltage disturbances, and maximum power point operation of the converter are validated through the simulation and experimental results obtained from a 200 W hardware prototype.

Expandable Non-Isolated Multi-Input Single-Output DC-DC Converter With High Voltage Gain and Zero-Ripple Input Currents

Expandable Non-Isolated Multi-Input Single-Output DC-DC Converter With High Voltage Gain and Zero-Ripple Input Currents

Closed loop control of DC-DC converters using PID and FOPID controllers

Fractional order controllers are nowadays used in various power electronic converters as it is giving superior control performance compared with conventional PID controllers. This paper presents the closed loop control of different DC-DC converters using PID controllers and Fractional Order PID (FOPID) controllers. The closed loop control of the basic converters such as buck, boost, buck-boost converters and dual input single output DC-DC converters were designed, modeled and analyzed using conventional PID controller and FOPID controllers. The performance of the controllers are compared in terms of the different time domain specifications like overshoot, rise time, settling time, etc. and simulated in MATLAB Simulink platform. For all types of the DC-DC converters, FOPID controller gives far better performance compared with conventional PID controllers.

Fuzzy Controlled Multiple Output Dc to Dc Flyback Converter with Output Voltage Regulation

The aim of this paper is to design and closed loop control implementation of a DC to DC Flyback converter with multiple output features. DC-DC Conversion technology is the major subject area in the field of power electronics engineering and drives and has been under development form six decades. Most of the advance systems like telecommunication and computer systems use the single output DC-DC Converter for different levels of voltage in the same system, which limits the efficiency, power density and increases the cost of the whole system. To achieve the features like high efficiency and high density for advance systems Multiple Output DC-DC Converter (MODC) are gathering much attention, and most of the research work is going to get the regulated multiple outputs, for different application like computer, electric vehicles, aircrafts etc. A MATLAB/Simulink model of a Multiple Output Flyback Converter (MOFC) is developed to get the regulated multiple output voltage. Two different control techniques have been employed such as Proportional Integral Derivative Control (PIDC) and Fuzzy Logic Control (FLC), to achieve the same for normal and disturbances cases and its performance is then estimated in terms of various parameters like Rise Time (Tr), Settling Time (Ts) and Overshoot (OS). The comparative results clearly reveal the better response of the proposed approach.

A New Two Input-Single Output High Voltage Gain Converter With Ripple-Free Input Currents and Reduced Voltage on Semiconductors

In this paper, a new non-isolated two-input single-output dc-dc converter with high voltage gain is proposed. In the proposed converter, there are two three-winding coupled inductors used to achieve a high voltage gain and ripple-free input currents. The proposed converter has two switches, and their control pulses are the same as the control pulses of the two-phase interleaved converters with a phase shift equal to 180°. The voltage stresses of switches and diodes are reduced and are always lower than the high output voltage. The proposed converter is extendable to a four-input single-output converter in which the switches have the control pulses the same as those in four-phase converters with phase shifts equal to 90°. In this paper, the proposed topology is analyzed in all operating modes, and the values of current and voltage stresses of all switches and diodes, voltage gain, and required conditions for input current ripple cancellation are calculated during a switching period. Finally, the accuracy performance of the proposed converter is reconfirmed through experimental results for 225- and 298-W prototypes.

Design, Fabrication and Performance Analysis of a Two Input—Single Output DC-DC Converter

A novel modified bridge-type dual input DC-DC converter, which is proficient for integrating distinct V-I characteristic sources such as solar-PV, wind, etc., and storages including battery, ultracapacitor, fuel cell, etc., is proposed in this paper. Three modes of operations such as boost, buck, and buck-boost are possible using the same structure of the converter, and the converter can operate even with the failure of any one of the input energy sources to deliver power to the load. A software simulation and experimental realization of the converter have been carried out for the buck, boost, and buck-boost operations. The voltage and current stress analysis of the power switches available in the converter have been carried out for the better selection of power switches. A simple power control strategy is proposed for the steady state, and dynamic performance analysis of the converter and performance comparison with existing converter topologies have been carried out based on the different parameters like duty ratio, efficiency, etc. The performance comparison shows that the proposed converter has high voltage gain, low voltage stress, reduced part counts and high efficiency.

New Single-Input, Multiple-Output Converter Topologies: Combining Single-Switch Nonisolated dc-dc Converters for Single-Input, Multiple-Output Applications

This article presents a methodology that allows the development of new converter topologies for single-input, multiple-output (SIMO) from different basic configurations of single-input, single-output dc-dc converters. These typologies have in common the use of only one power-switching device, and they are all nonisolated converters. Sixteen different topologies are highlighted, and their main features are explained. The 16 typologies include nine twooutput-type, five three-output-type, one four-output-type, and one six-output-type dc-dc converter configurations. In addition, an experimental prototype of a three-output-type configuration with six different output voltages based on a single-ended primary inductance (SEPIC)-Cuk-boost combination converter was developed, and the proposed design methodology for a basic converter combination was experimentally verified.

ASIC and FPGA based DPWM architectures for single-phase and single-output DC-DC converter: a review

AbstractPulse width modulation (PWM) has been widely used in power converter control. This paper presents a review of architectures of the Digital Pulse Width Modulators (DPWM) targeting digital control of switching DC-DC converters. An attempt is made to review the reported architectures with emphasis on the ASIC and FPGA implementations in single phase and single-output DC-DC converters. Recent architectures using FPGA’s advanced resources for achieving the resolution higher than classical methods have also been discussed. The merits and demerits of different architectures, and their relative comparative performance, are also presented. The Authors intention is to uncover the groundwork and the related references through this review for the benefit of readers and researchers targeting different DPWM architectures for the DC-DC converters.