Single Oral Dose Of Prednisolone Research Articles

Efficacy of adjuvant treatment with nebulized lidocaine in improving clinical and pulmonary function parameters of acute asthma attacks: a randomized double-blind clinical trial

Efficient novel medications can facilitate the acute phase of asthma treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate whether nebulized lidocaine as an additional treatment can improve clinical, forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), and peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) indexes during an acute asthma attack. A double-blind randomized clinical trial was conducted in 60 adults with possible acute asthma attack who had been referred to the emergency department of our hospital. Patients were randomized into control and treatment groups. The treatment group received nebulized lidocaine 200 mg at 0, 20, 40, and 60 min after arrival + standard treatment with a single dose of oral prednisolone 50 mg at arrival + nebulized albuterol 2.5 mg and nebulized ipratropium bromide 0.5 mg at 0, 20, 40, and 60 min. The control group received only standard treatment. Clinical severity (Borg Dyspnea Scale), FEV1, and PEFR indexes and hemodynamic parameters were recorded at arrival and at 20-min intervals for 60 min after arrival. Mean PEFR and FEV1 increased significantly from baseline in both treatment groups, with no significant between-group differences (BGDs). The BGDs in respiratory rate and hemodynamic parameters (heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and oxygen saturation) at 0, 20, 40, and 60 min after arrival were not significant (p > 0.05). Finally, the severity of dyspnea (Borg Dyspnea Scale) did not differ between the two groups at discharge (0.68 vs. 0.76; p = 0.566). The results of this study found no benefit from adding nebulized lidocaine to the standard treatment of asthma attacks. Our data reject any benefits for the efficacy of nebulized lidocaine, at least for short-term use in the acute phase of an asthma attack. Research on the efficacy of nebulized lidocaine during the course of an acute asthma attack is limited, and more research is required to clarify the detailed clinical effects.

Efficacy of Nebulised Budesonide versus Oral Prednisolone in Acute Severe Asthma

To compare the efficacy of nebulised budesonide with that of oral prednisone in the treatment of acute severe asthma in children. Children aged 5-12 y with acute exacerbation of bronchial asthma were included. The study (budesonide) group received budesonide respirator solution (800 μg) at intervals of 20 min and a single dose of placebo tablets. The control (prednisolone) group received placebo solution at intervals of 20 min and a single dose of oral prednisolone (2 mg/kg). Both groups received three doses of nebulised salbutamol (0.15 mg/kg). Heart rate, respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, PEFR (Peak Expiratory Flow Rate) and fitness for discharge were assessed. Both groups showed a progressive decrease in tachycardia with treatment, but it was significantly greater in study group (p = 0.0002). There was significant decrease in tachypnea and improvement in oxygen saturation in both groups, but the difference between the groups (p = 0.334 and p = 0.814 respectively) was not significant. There was significant improvement in PEFR values in budesonide group (p = 0.024). Both groups showed significant improvement in clinical severity scores at the end of 2 h (p < 0.0001). Budesonide group had significantly higher proportion of patients fit for discharge at 2 h (based on clinical severity scores) (p = 0.0278). Nebulised budesonide significantly improves PEFR levels and fitness for discharge at 2 h when compared to oral prednisolone in children between 5 and 12 y with acute severe asthma.

Plasma and Ocular Prednisolone Disposition after Oral Treatment in Cats

Objective. To evaluate the plasma and aqueous humor disposition of prednisolone after oral administration in cats. Methods. Six cats were administered with a single oral dose of prednisolone (10 mg). Blood and aqueous humor samples were serially collected after drug administration. Prednisolone concentrations in plasma and aqueous humor were measured at 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, and 5.0 h after administration by a high-performance liquid chromatographic analytical method developed and validated for this purpose. Results. Mean ± standard error (SE) of maximum plasma prednisolone concentration (300.8 ± 67.3 ng/mL) was reached at 1 h after administration. Prednisolone was distributed to the aqueous humor reaching a mean peak concentration of 100.9 ± 25.5 ng/mL at 1.25 h after administration. The mean ± SE systemic and aqueous humor exposure (AUC) was 553.3 ± 120.0 ng∗h/mL and 378.8 ± 64.9 ng∗h/mL, respectively. A high AUCaqueous humor/AUCplasma ratio was observed (0.68 ± 0.13). The mean half-life time of elimination in plasma and aqueous humor was 0.87 ± 0.16 h and 2.25 ± 0.44 h, respectively. Clinical Significance. The observed high ratio between aqueous humor and plasma prednisolone concentrations indicates that extensive penetration of prednisolone to the anterior segment of the eye may occur. This is the first step that contributes to the optimization of the pharmacological therapeutics for the clinical treatment of uveitis.

Effect of Pretreatment Prednisolone on Postendodontic Pain: A Double-blind Parallel-randomized Clinical Trial

Introduction Effective management of endodontic pain represents a continuing challenge. This study evaluates the use of a preoperative, single oral dose of prednisolone for the prevention and control of postendodontic pain. Methods Forty patients were randomly assigned to 2 groups, placebo and prednisolone (30 mg). The medications were administered 30 minutes before the start of standard endodontic treatment. Postoperative pain was assessed after 6, 12, and 24 hours by using a visual analogue scale. Results The outcome showed that prednisolone resulted in a statistically significant reduction in postendodontic pain at 6, 12, and 24 hours ( P < .0001). No side effects were reported for any of the medications used. Conclusions This study suggests that a preoperative, single oral dose of prednisolone substantially reduced postendodontic pain. Further studies are needed to evaluate the applicability of these findings to other clinical conditions, single- versus multiple-visit endodontic treatment, and drug regimens.

Prednisolone versus dexamethasone in croup: a randomised equivalence trial

Background: Croup remains a common respiratory problem presenting to emergency departments. A single oral treatment of oral dexamethasone results in improved outcome. Prednisolone has similar pharmacokinetic properties and has a...

Prednisolone induces an increase in serum calcium concentration: possible involvement of the kidney, the bone, and the intestine.

To evaluate the early effect of glucocorticoids on calcium metabolism, 15 subjects aged 22-58 years (5 males, 10 females) with chronic glomerulonephritis were orally treated with 40 mg daily of prednisolone. Five of these subjects were diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome and none had a serum creatinine concentration of more than 1.4 mg/dl. Serum specimens and 24-hour urine specimens were obtained just before and 24 hours after a single oral dose of prednisolone. Serum calcium, ionized calcium, phosphate, intact parathyroid hormone (PTH), intact osteocalcin and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) (1,25(OH)(2)D(3)), and urinary excretion of calcium, phosphate, and deoxypyridinoline were measured. Both serum calcium and ionized calcium concentrations were significantly increased from 4.39 +/- 0. 10 to 4.47 +/- 0.09 mEq/liter (P = 0.037) and from 2.48 +/- 0.04 to 2.55 +/- 0.04 mEq/liter (P = 0.002), respectively, 24 hours following a single oral dose of prednisolone. Serum intact PTH concentration slightly decreased, but the difference was not significant by statistical analysis. Serum intact osteocalcin concentration was markedly suppressed. In contrast, no significant changes were observed in urinary excretion of deoxypyridinoline. Serum 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) concentration measured in five patients was significantly increased. No significant changes in urinary excretion of calcium was observed in the face of these findings. It thus follows that a single oral dose of prednisolone administration increases serum calcium and ionized calcium concentrations, possibly mediated by suppressed bone formation, increased intestinal absorption of calcium, and impaired urinary excretion of calcium.

Efficacy of nebulized budesonide compared to oral prednisolone in acute bronchial asthma

To evaluate the efficacy of nebulized budesonide compared to oral prednisolone early in the emergency room management of acute asthma, we conducted a double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial. Eighty children, 2 years to 12 years of age, with acute moderate attacks of asthma, were randomized into two groups. One group received nebulized salbutamol (0.15mg/kg) and placebo at half‐hourly intervals for three doses, and a single dose of oral prednisolone (2 mg/kg) (prednisolone group) and other group received three doses of nebulized salbutamol and budesonide (800 μg) at half‐hourly intervals and a single dose of placebo tablets (budesonide group). The baseline characteristics of the two groups were similar, but after three doses of nebulization oxygen saturation, respiratory rate, pulmonary index and respiratory distress score were significantly improved in the budesonide group compared to prednisolone group (p &lt; 0.01). The proportion of patients who were fit for discharge at the end of 2 h after the third dose of nebulization was significantly higher in the budesonide group than in the prednisolone group (22/ 41, 54% vs 7/39, 18%, p &lt; 0.001). The data suggest that a combination of nebulized salbutamol and budesonide should be preferred in the emergency room management of children with acute moderate to severe exacerbation of asthma and who are not on prior oral or inhaled steroid therapy. □Asthma, budesonide, emergency care, glucocorticoids

Pharmacodynamic modeling of lymphocytopenia and whole blood lymphocyte cultures in prednisolone-treated individuals

In this study, we describe the time course of the influence of a single oral dose of prednisolone (10 mg) in man on the proliferative response of peripheral blood lymphocytes in whole blood. The data were fitted to an integrated pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model, relating the plasma concentrations of prednisolone to its effect. The determination of prednisolone-induced lymphocytopenia and monocytopenia in vivo and the assessment of the influence of varying lymphocyte and monocyte numbers on proliferative responses in vitro enabled us to calculate the relative contributions of several prednisolone-induced effects to the diminished lymphoproliferative responses in whole blood after administration of prednisolone in vivo. We demonstrate that the decrease of the proliferative response in whole blood lymphocyte cultures stimulated with a monoclonal antibody directed against CD3 is mainly determined by the time course of the prednisolone-induced lymphocytopenia. The time course of the monocytopenia and the relative changes in the CD4 + and CD8 + T-cell subpopulations induced by prednisolone and the direct inhibitory effect of the changing plasma concentrations of the drug also contribute to the decrease of aCD3-stimulated whole blood lymphocyte cultures to some extent. The decrease of the proliferative response in whole blood lymphocyte cultures stimulated with a horse anti-human lymphocyte serum closely followed the time course of the lymphocytopenia induced by prednisolone. However, this response remained decreased for a longer period of time than could be expected on the basis of the prednisolone-induced lymphocytopenia in vivo. A possible mechanism which might explain this discrepancy between the prednisolone-induced effects in vivo and in vitro will be discussed.

Effect of a single oral dose of prednisolone in acute childhood asthma: Storr J, Barrel I E, Barry W et al. Lancet 1987; 1:879–882

Effect of a single oral dose of prednisolone in acute childhood asthma: Storr J, Barrel I E, Barry W et al. Lancet 1987; 1:879–882

Effect of a Single Oral Dose of Prednisolone in Acute Childhood Asthma

Effect of a Single Oral Dose of Prednisolone in Acute Childhood Asthma

Effect of a single oral dose of prednisolone in acute childhood asthma: Storr J, Barry W, Barrell E, et al Lancet 87:879–882 Apr 1987

Effect of a single oral dose of prednisolone in acute childhood asthma: Storr J, Barry W, Barrell E, et al Lancet 87:879–882 Apr 1987

EFFECT OF A SINGLE ORAL DOSE OF PREDNISOLONE IN ACUTE CHILDHOOD ASTHMA

140 children of 184 with acute asthma entered a randomised double-blind trial of oral prednisolone (n = 67) compared with placebo (n = 73) administered soon after admission. The dose of prednisolone was 30 mg in children under 5, otherwise 60 mg. All children also received salbutamol. All had moderate or severe dyspnoea. Initial evaluation was similar for both groups. On reassessment after a few hours 20 children in the prednisolone group were fit for discharge compared with only 2 in the placebo group. There were no early reattendances. Children remaining in hospital had a shorter median duration of stay and were less likely to require further steroid therapy if they had initially received prednisolone. In acute asthma the prompt use of a single dose of oral prednisolone can reduce morbidity and the need for hospital care.