Single Operational Transresistance Amplifier Research Articles

Novel simulator designed for grounded negative inductance with lossless characteristics incorporated with single OTRA

This article introduces a novel design of a simulator for grounded lossless negative inductance by using an active element -single Operational Trans Resistance Amplifier (OTRA) and four passive components. Without interrupting the condition of realization of inductance, the value of the simulated inductance can be independently administered by a MOS based resistor. For validation of the analytical elucidation PSPICE simulation results are used. Moreover, sensitivity analysis, Monte-Carlo simulation, temperature analysis, and % of total harmonic distortion (%THD) are also investigated to verify the functionality of the proposed circuit. As an application claim of the projected configuration, an inductance nullification circuit is also implemented that exposes that the proposed negative inductance simulator may be used to cancel or reduce the effective inductance in a circuit. The Analog Design Environment tool of Cadence Virtuoso is employed for designing the layout of the OTRA.

Realization of a reconfigurable Butterworth and Bessel filter using single operational transresistance amplifier and study of their performance

AbstractIn this article, a single operational transresistance amplifier (OTRA) based realization of second order low‐pass (LP), high‐pass (HP), band‐pass (BP), band‐reject (BR), and all‐pass (AP) filter and their individual performance analysis: noise, temperature, and worst‐case analysis have been presented. The proposed circuit can be reconfigured as Butterworth and Bessel filter by changing the values of passive components. The presented filters are suitable for MOS‐C implementation, which facilitates tuning of cut‐off/center frequency and quality factor electronically. The proposed circuits are analyzed theoretically, simulated and experimentally verified in laboratory. All the simulations are performed with CMOS model of OTRA (180 nm) in SPICE and experimentally verified with AD844AN IC. The experimental and simulation results are matching closely. The result obtained from post‐layout simulation of the proposed Butterworth LP filter confirms the feasibility of the design. Finally working of the proposed all‐pass filter is established by the design of a buffer and quadrature oscillator.

Full-Phase Operation Transresistance-Mode Precision Full-Wave Rectifier Designs Using Single Operational Transresistance Amplifier

This study proposed the designs of two full-phase operation transresistance-mode (TRM) precision full-wave rectifiers. The first circuit consisted of a single operational transresistance amplifier (OTRA), four diodes, and a resistor. The second scheme was an OTRA combined with a full metal-oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor-based design, which is preferable for integrated circuit implementation because no passive components are used in the circuit topology. Based on our literature review, this is the first study that discussed a full-phase operation transresistance-mode precision full-wave rectifier consisting of a single OTRA and few passive components. In this paper, several previously reported precision full-wave rectifiers consisting of various active devices are first reviewed followed by the proposed OTRA-based transresistance-mode precision full-wave rectifiers and an analysis of nonideal effects. Furthermore, computer simulations and experimental results are presented to verify the validity of the proposed circuits, which were consistent with the theoretical predictions.

An autonomous chaotic and hyperchaotic oscillator using OTRA

This research paper reports a novel design for third order chaotic and hyperchaotic oscillator with cubic nonlinearity using single operational trans-resistance amplifier (OTRA) and few passive elements. The key nonlinear dynamical characteristics in terms of sensitivity, divergence, equilibrium point and Lyapunov exponent are recorded in this literature. The operational activity of the proposed oscillator based on OTRA is integrated using 0.25 µm TSMC CMOS parameter. For the generation of hyperchaotic oscillator, an external capacitor is added to the third order chaotic oscillator. To justify the theoretical nonlinear dynamics of proposed chaotic oscillator, PSPICE simulation by using CMOS based OTRA and experimental investigation using IC AD844 based OTRA are well implemented.

New realization of third order sinusoidal oscillator using single OTRA

In this paper, a new, single operational transresistance amplifier (OTRA) based third order sinusoidal oscillator is presented. The nonideal behavior of proposed structure has been analyzed using single and double pole models of the OTRA. It is observed that for high-frequency applications the effect of nonidealities may be eliminated through self-compensation. Active and passive sensitivities are computed for the proposed structure and are found to be less than unity rendering proposed circuit insensitive to component variations. Workability of the proposed oscillator is verified through Analog Design Environment (ADE) spectre tool provided by cadence virtuoso using 0.18 μm CMOS process parameters. Monte Carlo analysis is also carried for the proposed structure. Total harmonic distortion (THD) is found to be less than 2.6%. Post layout simulations; experimental results are also included to validate the theory.

Single OTRA based two quadrant analog voltage divider

In this paper an analog voltage divider employing a single operational transresistance amplifier as active element is proposed. Its extension as square-rooter and inverse function has also been discussed. The circuit is found to function as a two quadrant divider. The realization of the circuit as a resistorless configuration is also given which eases monolithic integration and consumes less space. The performance of the proposed circuit is verified through PSPICE (Cadence EDA Tools) simulations using 0.25 µm CMOS technology parameters provided by MOSIS (AGILENT). The various simulation results confirm the feasibility of the proposed circuits.

Single OTRA Based Low Frequency Sinusoidal Oscillator Realization

In this paper, single Operational Transresistance Amplifier (OTRA) based low frequency (LF) oscillator has been put forward. It employs six passive elements namely four resistors and two capacitors. The circuit is also analysed for non-ideal effects and sensitivity analysis is carried out. The proposed oscillator is verified through SPICE simulations using 0.18µmAGILENT CMOS process parameters. A total harmonic distortion (THD) of 2.14% for 7.96Hz oscillation and 0.6% at 796 KHz is observed.

Single OTRA based Low Voltage Square Root Circuit

This paper presents an analog square root circuit using single Operational Transresistance Amplifier (OTRA). It can be used to obtain the square root of the low input voltage. This circuit does not use any external passive component and hence is suitable for integration. The proposed circuit is verified with the help of simulations using 0.18µm CMOS parameters on PSPICE. The theoretical observations are in accordance with the simulation result.

Design and Realization of Fractional Low-Pass Filter of 1.5 Order Using a Single Operational Transresistance Amplifier

Design of fractional order analog filter, using a single Operational Transresistance Amplifier (OTRA) as an active current mode building block, is presented. The order of the proposed filter is 1.5. The theoretical results have been verified with PSPICE simulation. Obtained filter was realized using OTRA using the RC-RC decomposition technique. Frequency response for the presented filter is shown in the paper. The proposed filter offers some important features: employing single operational transresistance amplifier as an active element, lower sensitivity, insensitive to stray capacitances and parasitic resistances due to internally grounded input terminals of OTRA. Simulation results agree well with the theoretical values. KeywordsAnalog filters, fractional order, OTRA, CFE

Switch-Controllable Full-Phase Operation Precision Half-Wave Rectifier Using a Single OTRA

This paper proposes designing a precision rectification circuit by using a single operational transresistance amplifier (OTRA). The proposed circuit is a switch-controllable OTRA-based full-phase operation precision half-wave rectifier, which can rectify an input signal to yield four-phase half-wave rectified output signals. Compared with existing designs, the advantage of the proposed circuit is that all of the possible rectified outputs of a half-wave rectifier can be obtained in one configuration. This paper first reviews previously reported half-wave precision rectifiers consisting of various active devices and the proposed OTRA-based precision half-wave rectifier; subsequently, an analysis of non-ideal effects and design considerations are presented. Computer simulations of the proposed circuit were conducted for verifying the feasibility of the circuit by using the Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC) 0.35-[Formula: see text]m CMOS process technology. For practical circuit measurements, a prototype circuit was implemented, and commercially integrated circuits (AD844ANs) and discrete passive components were used to conduct experimental tests. The simulation and experimental results exhibited satisfactory agreement with those of theoretical analyses.

Novel grounded inductance simulator using single OTRA

ABSTRACTIn this paper, a method to realize a grounded inductor using single operational transresistance amplifier is presented. The simulated inductance value can be controlled independent of realizability condition. The non‐ideality analysis of the circuit is also given. The workability of the proposed simulated inductance is demonstrated through two applications namely, a band pass filter and an oscillator. PSPICE simulation and experimental results agree well with the theoretical values. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Voltage Mode Pulse Width Modulator Using Single Operational Transresistance Amplifier

This paper presents a voltage mode pulse width modulator (PWM) using single operational transresistance amplifier (OTRA). The proposed PWM consists of a relaxation oscillator output which is modulated using modulating signal. PSPICE simulation results and experimental results have been included to verify the theoretical analysis.

Single OTRA Based Analog Multiplier and Its Applications

This paper presents an analog multiplier using single operational transresistance amplifier (OTRA). The proposed circuit is suitable for integration as it does not use any external passive component. It can be used as a four-quadrant multiplier. Theoretical propositions are verified through PSPICE simulations using 0.5 μm CMOS parameters provided by MOSIS (AGILENT). The simulation results are in close agreement with theoretical predictions. The workability of the proposed multiplier is also tested through two applications, namely, a squarer and an amplitude modulator.

MOS-C single amplifier biquads using the operational transresistance amplifier

A configuration for the realization of voltage-mode second-order filters employing a single operational transresistance amplifier (OTRA) as the active element is presented. This topology can synthesize lowpass, highpass, bandpass, notch and allpass filtering functions. The presented filters are suitable for MOS-C implementation, yielding the filter parameters to be electronically tunable. Theoretical analysis is verified with PSPICE simulation.

Single OTRA-based current-mode monostable multivibrator with two triggering modes and a reduced recovery time

A simple current-mode monostable multivibrator is introduced. The proposed topology consists of a single operational transresistance amplifier (OTRA) as a main active building block with a few external passive elements. The proposed circuit is simpler compared to counterparts composed of op amps and commercially available ICs. The presented topology can be triggered under positive- and negative-triggering modes at different input terminals. Moreover, the proposed topology provides an advantageous feature of shortening the recovery time required for applying the consecutive triggering signal. The operations of the topology previously presented are reviewed. Then, the proposed circuit is described and analysed in detail. The theoretical analysis is verified through experimental results on a prototype circuit. The improvement on reducing the recovery time is also investigated.

Realization of Fully Controllable Negative Inductance with Single Operational Transresistance Amplifier

A grounded negative inductance emulator is proposed with full independent control on both the inductance value and the condition. It uses a single operational transresistance amplifier (OTRA), a capacitor, and five resistors, two of which are for independent control. Experimental results, which confirm the theoretical analysis, are presented.

Cascadable allpass and notch filters employing single operational transresistance amplifier

A new voltage-mode filter configuration is proposed. The presented topology uses single operational transresistance amplifier (OTRA) and can realize first-order allpass, second-order allpass and notch filtering functions. The proposed circuits are insensitive to parasitic capacitances and resistances due to internally grounded input terminals of OTRA. Low output impedance of the configuration enables the circuits to be cascaded without additional buffers. The theoretical results are verified with PSPICE simulations using a CMOS realization of OTRA. Experimental work is also carried out. The feasibility of the proposed first-order allpass filter is illustrated on the design of a quadrature oscillator.

Novel allpass filter configuration employing single OTRA

A new circuit configuration uses a single operational transresistance amplifier (OTRA) and four passive elements to realize both first- and second-order allpass filters. Owing to internal grounding of the OTRA input terminals, effects of input parasitics are significantly reduced. Applications of the circuit include the realization of the phase equalizer, the quadrature oscillator, and the high-Q bandpass filter for analog signal processing. The performance of the allpass filter is illustrated by circuit-level simulation of a quadrature oscillator with CMOS realization of the OTRA.

Novel Transimpedance Type First-Order All-Pass Filter Using Single Otra

Summary A novel transimpedance-mode first-order all-pass filter configuration is proposed. It uses a single operational transresistance amplifier (OTRA) and few passive components. The proposed circuit is structurally all-pass that does not impose any component matching condition. The proposed circuit is insensitive to parasitic input capacitances and input resistances due to the internally grounded input terminals of the OTRA. It provides an alternative realization of phase equalizers for analog signal processing applications by providing also current-to-voltage conversion. The theoretical results are verified with PSPICE simulations using a CMOS realization of OTRA.

A Novel Single-Resistance-Controlled Sinusoidal Oscillator Employing Single Operational Transresistance Amplifier

A novel operational transresistance amplifier (OTRA)-based single-resistance-controlled sinusoidal oscillator (SRCO) is proposed. It uses single OTRA, three resistors and two capacitors. To the best knowledge of author, this is the first oscillator constructed with single OTRA. The oscillator circuit provides independent control of oscillation frequency without disturbing oscillation condition by a resistor. It has also low passive sensitivities. The oscillator circuit is insensitive to parasitic input capacitances and input resistances due to zero internally grounded input terminals of OTRA. PSPICE simulations are given to verify the theoretical analysis.