Single Needle Insertion Research Articles

SIMBA-A Single-Puncture Approach to Lower Limb Block.

Peripheral nerve blocks provide a safe and reliable alternative in the anesthetic management of femur fractures in elderly subpopulations associated with significant comorbidities. Single-Insertion Multiple Nerve Block Anesthesia (SIMBA) is a technique where a single needle insertion is used to block all four nerves that supply the femur shaft: the femoral nerve, obturator nerve, lateral femoral cutaneous nerve, and sciatic nerve. The authors performed this technique in 11 cardiac compromised geriatric patients with midshaft/distal femur fractures, and the surgery was conducted successfully without any significant hemodynamic change and good postoperative analgesia.

BAASIK technique: an innovative single needle technique of performing shoulder corticosteroid injections.

The novel BAASIK (B-Botchu,Bipin, A-Agrawal, A-Ankit, S- Sindhura, I-Iyengar, K- Kapil) technique is a combined ultrasound-guided injection into the subacromial-subdeltoid (SASD) bursa and the biceps tendon sheath to treat shoulder pain associated with biceps tendonitis/tendinopathy, subacromial bursitis, rotator cuff impingement or to determine the source of shoulder pain. This technique aims in reducing shoulder pain, improving functional activities and enhancing treatment delivery. A single-entry supine ultrasound-guided injection of the subacromial-subdeltoid (SASD) bursa and biceps tendon sheath involves using a single needle insertion point to access both structures for therapeutic injection. This technique could become a favoured alternative technique, rather than subjecting patients to two needlesticks and preparing twoseparate injections to address often concomitant pathologies.

Fluoroscopy-guided triple hip block for patients with hip osteoarthritis: A new approach.

Hip osteoarthritis (OA) is found in approximately 10% of the population and often causes disability and social limitations in elderly patients. Intra-articular injections are among the most frequently applied interventional treatments for the hip joint. Femoral and obturator sensorial nerve blocks have also been reported to be effective for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. A single needle insertion was performed for the blockage of the hip joint and sensory branches. For the sensory branch of the femoral nerve, the needle is advanced at nearly a 45-degree angle toward below the anterior inferior iliac spine near the anterolateral edge of the hip joint. For the sensory branch of the obturator nerve, the needle is advanced at nearly an angle of 45 degrees toward the area below the junction of the pubis and ischium. Finally, for joint injection, the same needle was advanced toward the midline of the anterior femoral head-neck junction at a steeper angle, and blocks were applied. Three patients with hip osteoarthritis were injected with this method and well-being was achieved in a 3-month follow-up. We think that blockage of the hip joint and peripheral sensory branches with a single needle insertion is a fast and effective method. However, prospective controlled studies are needed to determine the efficacy and safety of the method.

Combining electromyography and Raman spectroscopy: optical EMG.

Electromyography (EMG) remains a key component of the diagnostic work-up for suspected neuromuscular disease, but it does not provide insight into the molecular composition of muscle which can provide diagnostic information. Raman spectroscopy is an emerging neuromuscular biomarker capable of generating highly specific, molecular fingerprints of tissue. Here, we present "optical EMG," a combination of EMG and Raman spectroscopy, achieved using a single needle. An optical EMG needle was created to collect electrophysiological and Raman spectroscopic data during a single insertion. We tested functionality with in vivo recordings in the SOD1G93A mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), using both transgenic (n = 10) and non-transgenic (NTg, n = 7) mice. Under anesthesia, compound muscle action potentials (CMAPs), spontaneous EMG activity and Raman spectra were recorded from both gastrocnemius muscles with the optical EMG needle. Standard concentric EMG needle recordings were also undertaken. Electrophysiological data were analyzed with standard univariate statistics, Raman data with both univariate and multivariate analyses. A significant difference in CMAP amplitude was observed between SOD1G93A and NTg mice with optical EMG and standard concentric needles (p = .015 and p = .011, respectively). Spontaneous EMG activity (positive sharp waves) was detected in transgenic SOD1G93A mice only. Raman spectra demonstrated peaks associated with key muscle components. Significant differences in molecular composition between SOD1G93A and NTg muscle were identified through the Raman spectra. Optical EMG can provide standard electrophysiological data and molecular Raman data during a single needle insertion and represents a potential biomarker for neuromuscular disease.

Robotic system for accurate percutaneous puncture guided by 3D-2D ultrasound.

Ultrasound (US)-guided robotic systems can reduce the reliance on the experience and skills of surgeons and enable automatic and accurate percutaneous puncture. Two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) US guidance have various advantages and disadvantages. The planned puncture path in the US data directly affects the puncture quality and tissue injury risk. It is difficult to define the optimal path in 2D US images and achieve accurate and safe puncture under the guidance of 3D US volume. This study aims to propose a robotic system guided by 3D-2D US to realize accurate and safe percutaneous puncture. We proposed a 3D-2D US-guided percutaneous puncture robotic system by integrating a 3D US scanning robotic system and a 2D US-guided puncture robotic system. The optimal spatial puncture path that targets the lesion and avoids other important tissues was determined in the 3D US volume reconstructed through robotic US scanning. Thereafter, the puncture robot was placed at the puncture site determined according to the planned path. The optimal path was mapped to the 2D US image taken at the puncture site. Finally, the 2D US image and puncture path were used to guide the robot in performing an accurate and safe percutaneous puncture. The proposed robotic system based on the guidance of 3D-2D US exhibits the advantages of both 3D US and 2D US to improve the accuracy of percutaneous puncture and reduce the risk of tissue injury. The experimental results of phantom puncture demonstrate that the mean puncture accuracy of the system is 1.09 ± 0.35mm, and the puncture success rate with single needle insertion is 100%. A percutaneous puncture robotic system based on 3D-2D US guidance was proposed and tested successfully. The experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed system for achieving accurate and safe robotic percutaneous puncture.

On the measurement of skeletal muscle anisotropic permittivity property with a single cross-shaped needle insertion

Application of minimally invasive methods to enable the measurement of tissue permittivity in the neuromuscular clinic remain elusive. This paper provides a theoretical and modeling study on the measurement of the permittivity of two-dimensional anisotropic tissues such as skeletal muscle with a multi-electrode cross-shaped needle. For this, we design a novel cross-shaped needle with multiple-electrodes and analyse apparent impedance corresponding to the measured impedance. In addition, we propose three methods of estimate anisotropic muscle permittivity. Compared to existing electrical impedance-based needle methods that we have developed, the new needle design and numerical methods associated enable estimating in vivo muscle permittivity values with only a single needle insertion. Being able to measure muscle permittivity directly with a single needle insertion could open up an entirely new area of research with direct clinical application, including using these values to assist in neuromuscular diagnosis and to assess subtle effects of therapeutic intervention on muscle health.

The Effect of Erector Spinae Plane Block and Combined Deep and Superficial Serratus Anterior Plane Block on Acute Pain After Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Study

The study aimed to compare the analgesic effects of erector spinae plane block (ESPB) and a combination of the deep and superficial serratus anterior plane block (C-SAPB) methods in patients who underwent video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS). A prospective, randomized study. At a single-center, high-volume, tertiary thoracic surgery center. Adult patients undergoing VATS. Ultrasound-guided ESPB and C-SAPB. Patients were assigned to ESPB (group 1) or C-SAPB (group 2) groups according to the analgesia protocol. All interventions were performed with single-needle insertion. Multimodal analgesia was achieved via paracetamol, dexketoprofen, and intravenous morphine for both study groups. Pain scores were assessed by the visual analog scale (VAS). Morphine consumption, rescue analgesic requirements, and side effects were recorded postoperatively for 24 hours. The primary outcome was determined as VAS scores at rest and coughing. The secondary outcomes of this study were postoperative morphine consumption and the requirement of rescue analgesics. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of VAS scores (p > 0.05). The groups also were similar in terms of demographic characteristics, side effects, morphine consumption, additional analgesic use, and duration of block procedures (p > 0.05). There also were comparable results in terms of hemodynamic variables (p > 0.05). Patients who underwent VATS receiving ESPB or C-SAPB had similar pain scores, opioid consumption, and side effects during the first postoperative 24 hours. At the same time, the fact that the duration of the block procedure was similar in both groups showed that multisite serratus anterior plane block can be an effective alternative method in analgesic treatment after VATS, considering that it easily can be applied. The authors here think that C-SAPB can be a good alternative to ESPB because the outcomes of both applications are similar, and C-SAPB easily can be seen and applied with ultrasound.

A Comparative Analysis between Nanomembrane-Based Therapeutic Plasmapheresis and Other Plasmapheresis Methods and Their Potential Use during the COVID-19 Pandemic

During a plasmapheresis session, a centrifugation device or membrane-based replacement equipment removes a portion of blood plasma, and separates pathologic macro-molecules from the patient´s blood for therapeutic purposes. The removed substances include alloantibodies, autoantibodies, cytokines, toxins, monoclonal proteins, lipoproteins and other plasma components. The American Society for Apheresis (ASFA) reviews its clinical indications for various medical fields, such as hematology, oncology, neurology, rheumatology and nephrology. In addition, a relevant aspect about plasmapheresis is that it is an effective adjuvant treatment for acute liver failure, peripheral vascular disease, Guillain- Barre syndrome, sepsis, Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) and Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (TTP), which are all possible complications of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Different organizations around the world have made much progress in plasmapheresis´ biomedical engineering. One of such advances is the creation of more practical equipment and of a filter for nanomembrane-based therapeutic plasmapheresis. The nanopores of this multi-membrane filter allow for a more specific and less traumatic blood filtration. This process requires a single needle insertion and functions with an extracorporeal volume of only 70 mL, thus reducing risks and allowing its use even for pediatric patients. Other advantages include its relative lower cost, the short duration of treatment and the fact that donor plasma as a replacement fluid is optional, reducing in that way the risk of infection and allergic reactions. This comparative review will focus on these advantages and also on the aforementioned potential applications of nanomembrane-based therapeutic plasmapheresis for some of the complications of COVID-19.

Tributes to Allen McDaniels, MD 1942-2019

Tributes to Allen McDaniels, MD 1942-2019

Single or double needle insertion in twin's amniocentesis: Does the technique influence the risk of complications?

Objective: To compare complication rates following amniocentesis in twin gestations, according to sampling technique and number of needle insertions.Study design: A retrospective cohort study of all women with twin gestations who underwent amniocentesis and delivered in a single university affiliated medical center during 2002−2016. Amniocentesis was performed either through one uterine entry with passage through the inter-twin membrane or through two different entries to the two amniotic sacs. Pregnancy outcome of women that underwent single needle insertion amniocentesis, was compared to this of double needle insertion. Primary outcome was neonatal complications within 4 weeks after amniocentesis (late abortion, chorioamnionitis, preterm premature rupture of membranes, or hospitalization due to related symptoms). Secondary outcomes were gestational week at delivery and labor characteristics.Results: The study group comprised 212 women. Of them, 73 (34.4%) underwent a single uterine insertion and 139 (65.6%) two separate needle insertions. Baseline characteristics did not differ between the groups. The amniocentesis complication rate was 13.7% in the single insertion group and 16.5% in the double insertion group (p = 0.587). Multivariate analysis found that a single insertion method had no statistically significant influence on complication rate, after making adjustments for potential confounders (OR = 1.085, 95% CI 0.4–2.9; p = 0.871). Other labor characteristics were similar between the groups.Conclusion: Needle insertion technique in twin gestation amniocentesis was not associated with procedure related complications.

A randomised controlled trial comparing needle movements during combined spinal-epidural anaesthesia with and without ultrasound assistance.

Ultrasound assistance for neuraxial techniques may improve technical performance; however, it is unclear which populations benefit most. Our study aimed to investigate the efficacy of neuraxial ultrasound in women having caesarean section with combined spinal-epidural anaesthesia, and to identify factors associated with improved technical performance. Two-hundred and eighteen women were randomly allocated to ultrasound-assisted or control groups. All the women had a pre-procedure ultrasound, but only women in the ultrasound group had this information conveyed to the anaesthetist. Primary outcomes were first-pass success (a single needle insertion with no redirections) and procedure difficulty. Secondary outcomes were block quality, patient experience and complications. Exploratory sub-group analysis and regression analysis were used to identify factors associated with success. Data from 215 women were analysed. First-pass success was achieved in 67 (63.8%) and 42 (38.2%) women in the ultrasound and control groups, respectively (adjusted p = 0.001). Combined spinal-epidural anaesthesia was 'difficult' in 19 (18.1%) and 33 (30.0%) women in the ultrasound and control groups, respectively (adjusted p = 0.09). Secondary outcomes did not differ significantly. Anaesthetists misidentified the intervertebral level by two or more spaces in 23 (10.7%) women. Sub-group analysis demonstrated a benefit for ultrasound in women with easily palpable spinous processes (adjusted p = 0.027). Regression analysis identified use of ultrasound and easily palpable spinous processes to be associated with first-pass success.

Modeling, design and experiment of a remote-center-of-motion parallel manipulator for needle insertion

Abstract In surgical procedures such as brachytherapy, biopsies and drainages, how to precisely place the needle inside the body is crucial for the performance of such surgeries. In last two decades, robot-aided needle placement has gradually been a trend for better security and accuracy. However, existing successful medical robot systems leave some common drawbacks: expensive, bulky, and high operation complexity, which motivates the development of more compact, affordable, and functional robots. This paper introduces a novel robot based on a 2-CRRR-CRR parallel manipulator (PM) for single needle insertion with high accuracy, where C denotes a cylindrical joint and R a revolute joint. Via screw theory, the mobility of the robot is analyzed, which meets the requirement of remote-center-of-motion (RCM). Its kinematic analysis is presented and singular configurations are identified based on the Jacobian matrix. Furthermore, the link dimensions of the robot are optimized by considering motion/force transmissibility and practical limits to generate singularity-free and high-performance workspace around the incision point. The design and feasibility of the proposed robot are validated by preliminary motion experiments with a prototype. The two advantages of the proposed robot are a singularity-free workspace with good motion/force transmissibility and high rigidity due to three fixed linear actuators in parallel architecture.

Ultrasound Measurement of a Single Acupuncture Point with Respect to De Qi: An Observational Cross Sectional Study

Abstract Background: The De Qi experience is a poorly understood phenomenon. Quantification of the exact depth of this unique acupuncture-related sensation at a known acupoint will enable a better understanding of the physical properties of De Qi. Objective: The purpose of this study was to quantify the depth at which De Qi is experienced with a single needle insertion according to acupuncturist and patient perceptions. Materials and Methods: This was an observational cross-sectional study, in the School of Physiotherapy outpatient clinic located within the University of Otago, on 21 healthy volunteers. Ethical consent was obtained from the University of Otago's Human Ethics Committee. A fine filiform needle was inserted into the acupoint Gallbladder (GB) 34 and rotated until De Qi was established according to usual clinical guidelines. Main Outcome Measures: The outcome measure was the depth (mm) of needle penetration at the point of De Qi registration measured from the tip of the in-situ acupuncture nee...

Resectionvsthermal ablation of small hepatocellular carcinoma: What's the first choice?

Nowadays, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is frequently diagnosed at an early stage, opening good perspectives to radical treatment by means of liver transplantation, surgical resection, or percutaneous ablation. Liver transplantation is considered the best option, but the lack of liver donors represents a major limitation. Therefore, surgical resection, offering a 5-year-survival rate of over 50%, is considered the first-choice treatment for patients with early stage HCC, whereas percutaneous ablation is usually reserved to patients who are not candidate to surgery. However, in the recent years some trials showed that percutaneous radiofrequency ablation (RFA) can be as effective as surgical resection in terms of overall survival and recurrence-free survival rates in patients with small HCC, and a retrospective comparative study reported 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival rates and recurrence-free survival rates significantly better in patients with central HCC measuring 2 cm or smaller treated with RFA than in those treated with surgical resection. RFA is less expensive, less invasive, with lower complication rate and shorter hospital stay than surgical resection, and on the basis of the results of these studies it should be considered the first option in the treatment of very early HCC. However, RFA is size-dependent, so at present the need to achieve an adequate safety margin around the tumor limits to about 2 cm the diameter of the nodules that can be ablated with long-term outcomes comparable to or better than surgical resection. The main goal of the next technical developments of the thermal ablation systems should be the achievement of larger ablation areas with a single needle insertion. In this regard, the recent improvements in microwave energy delivery systems seem to open interesting perspectives to percutaneous microwave ablation, which could become the ablation technique of choice in the next future.

Augmented Reality Visualization With Image Overlay for MRI-Guided Intervention: Accuracy for Lumbar Spinal Procedures With a 1.5-T MRI System

The purpose of this study was to prospectively evaluate the accuracy of an augmented reality image overlay system in MRI-guided spinal injection procedures. An augmented reality prototype was used in conjunction with a 1.5-T MRI system. A human lumbar spine phantom was used in which 62 targets were punctured to assess the accuracy of the system. Sixty anatomic targets (facet joint, disk space, and spinal canal) were punctured to assess how the accuracy of the system translated into practice. A visualization software interface was used to compare planned needle paths and final needle locations on coregistered CT images (standard of reference). Outcome variables included entry error, angle error, depth error, target error, successful access of anatomic targets, number of needle adjustments, and time requirements. Accuracy assessments showed entry error of 1.6 ± 0.8 mm, angle error of 1.6° ± 1.0°, depth error of 0.7 ± 0.5 mm, and target error of 1.9 ± 0.9 mm. All anatomic targets (60 of 60 insertions) were successfully punctured, including all 20 facet joints, all 20 disks, and all 20 spinal canals. Four needle adjustments (6.7%) were required. Planning of a single needle path required an average of 55 seconds. A single needle insertion required an average of 1 minute 27 seconds. The augmented reality image overlay system evaluated facilitated accurate MRI guidance for successful spinal procedures in a lumbar spine model. It exhibited potential for simplifying the current practice of MRI-guided lumbar spinal injection procedures.

Traitement par radiofréquence des métastases hépatiques et pulmonaires

Radiofrequency ablation is an image-guided technique of percutaneous tumor destruction using high frequency alternating current. Accuracy in needle placement and the selection of the imaging modality are key elements of the success of the procedure. The volume of ablation with a single needle insertion is limited to about 40 mm and the technique is most successful for tumors less than 3 cm in diameter with rapid decrease in efficacy for larger tumors. Tumors further away from large vessels are also more efficiently treated with this technique since heat loss from flowing blood in nearby vessels larger than 3 mm causes a four-fold increase in treatment failure. Under the best of circumstances (tumor less than 25 mm, away from vessels), RF ablation and surgical tumorectomy have respective failure rates of 6% and 7,3%. RF ablation of an isolated liver metastasis less than 4 cm in diameter results in survival rates at 1, 3 and 5 years of 97%, 84% and 40% respectively. In the liver, follow-up imaging is performed to detect residual tumor characterized by early enhancement. Thin peripheral enhancement (less than 1 mm) of the necrotic area and well-defined triangular shaped regions of enhancement are not signs of tumor recurrence but indicate the presence of inflammation or arterial to portal venous fistula. In the lung, an area of ground glass attenuation four times larger than the initial tumor is a predictive factor of success. PET-CT is the best imaging modality for follow-up of lung lesions following RF ablation.

Percutaneous microwave coagulation therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma: Increased coagulation diameter using a new electrode and microwave generator

We performed percutaneous microwave co-agulation therapy (PMCT) using a new microwave electrode and microwave generator to lessen the number of microwave electrode insertions for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) measuring <or=3.0 cm in diameter. In this study, we assessed the efficacy of this new system. Fifty-two patients with liver cirrhosis and HCC measuring <or=3.0 cm in diameter (tumor size: <or=2 cm, 27 patients; >2 to <or=2.5 cm, 13 patients; >2.5 to <or=3 cm, 12 patients) underwent PMCT using a new microwave coagulation system under ultrasonographic guidance. Forty-two of 52 patients showed complete necrosis of the tumor lesion with a treated margin >or=5 mm on dynamic computed tomography. Necrosis of HCC and the non-cancerous area surrounding the tumor was obtained by a single needle insertion in 23 patients (tumor size: <or=2 cm, 23 patients), by two needle insertions in 11 patients (tumor size: <or=2 cm, 4 patients; >2 to <or=2.5 cm, 5 patients; >2.5 to <or=3 cm, 2 patients), and by three needle insertions in 8 patients (tumor size: >2 to <or=2.5 cm, 5 patients; >2.5 to <or=3 cm, 3 patients). During the follow-up period of 5-34 months, all patients remained alive. Among the patients showing complete necrosis of HCC with a treated margin >or=5 mm, we have not detected local recurrences. On the other hand, 4 of the 10 patients who could not obtain the treated margin of >or=5 mm, experienced a local recurrence. No fatal complications were observed. However, bile duct stricture was observed in 2 patients. The new microwave coagulation system can induce extensive necrosis with a small number of microwave electrode insertions. This system may enhance the efficacy of PMCT for HCC measuring <3.0 cm in diameter.

Design and Development of an Augmented Reality Robotic System for Large Tumor Ablation

An augmented reality based robotic system is proposed for treatment of large liver tumor using multiple overlapping ablations technique. Radiofrequency ablation is a non-resection interventional procedure that minimizes invasiveness and reduces trauma. A single ablation is however limited by the ablation volume coverage. In treatment of tumor with diameter that could be 150mm or more, a single needle insertion will not create sufficient ablation coverage to destroy the entire tumor. As such, multiple insertions are required. The precision and consistency associated with robot assisted surgery coupled with direct augmented reality projection system can better facilitate such treatment. The projection system is equipped with manipulator mechanism and robotic needle insertion arm for multiple insertions and needle deployment. The prototype augmented reality surgical system was evaluated on its abilities in ablating large tumor. Virtual models of the rectangular robot for projector manipulation and robotic needle insertion device were also used to assess the effectiveness of the proposed AR design.

OP10.04: Trans‐abdominal multifetal pregnancy reduction‐related fetal loss is similar in monochorionic and dichorionic twin pairs

To determine whether the risk of fetal loss following trans-abdominal multifetal pregnancy reduction (TA-MFPR) of a monochorionic twin pair is similar to the one in dichorionic pairs. A retrospective review of all TA-MFPR performed in our institution (1999–2007) was conducted. The procedure-related fetal loss, defined as pregnancy loss prior to completion of 24 weeks, in pregnancies involving reduction of a monochorionic pair i.e. “Mono group” was compared to the loss rate in all other TA-MFPR i.e. “Non-mono group”. This comparison was further stratified according to the specific pre and post reduction number of fetuses. Additionally, association between the number of needle insertions performed and the procedure related fetal loss was sought. 394 TA-MFPR were eligible for analysis and an overall loss rate of 2.5% (10 of 394) was detected. The procedure related loss in the “Mono” and “Non-mono” groups as well as the impact of the pre and post reduction number of fetuses on the fetal outcome is displayed in table 1. Information regarding number of needle insertions was available on 182 TA-MFPR of which in 22 “Non-mono” and 16 “mono” cases the same needle insertion was used to reduce more than a single fetus. The loss rate for single, two and three needle insertions was 3/165, 0/11 and 1/6 respectively (p- non significant). Fetal loss following TA-MFPR is independent of the chorionicity of the pair reduced. Additionally, we noted a trend suggesting an increased risk for fetal loss with increased number of needle insertions. Since monochorionic twins carry an increased pregnancy-related complication rate, it is our practice to attempt reduction of such pairs, preferably by using a single needle insertion. This can be achieved by a careful selection of the needle pathway to reach both fetuses.

The use of a dispersive ground electrode with a loosely wound helical coil for interstitial radiofrequency thermal therapy

We have developed a novel, thermal therapy device designed to improve local control of large solid tumours using heat in the range 55–90 °C. The device is a helical coil designed to be loosely wound inside a tumour and excited with radiofrequency energy at 27.12 MHz. This design exploits the size and uniformity of the electric fields generated by magnetic induction inside this solenoidal geometry for heating and coagulating a large target volume. The use of the electrically conductive shape memory alloy Nitinol for the coil and an external ground plane permit the minimally invasive percutaneous insertion of the coil through a single cannulating delivery needle. To demonstrate the feasibility of this device, phantom models and finite-element models using COMSOL 3.2® were used to characterize uniformity of the radial and axial ARD (absorption rate density) profiles of different monopolar coil geometries. COMSOL 3.2® was also used to calculate temperature profiles and distributions produced by these coils in a non-perfused tissue-mimicking domain following a 10 min heating period. ARD results showed that optimum radial and axial uniformities were achieved with a 0.75 cm pitch and 3 cm length for a 1.5 cm diameter coil, and a 1.4 cm pitch and 4.2 cm length for a 2 cm diameter coil. These coils were able to produce lesions in excised bovine liver of 4 cm × 4.5 cm and 3.5 cm × 6.5 cm, respectively. Predicted temperature profiles showed similar profile sizes and shapes in a non-perfused domain, with the absolute temperature rise determined by the source input to the coil. These results demonstrate the potential of this interstitial, monopolar induction coil device for heating large tumours using a single applicator delivered through a single needle insertion.