Two luminescent polymers, poly[(2-methoxy-(5-(2-(4-oxyphenyl)-5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole)-hexyloxy))-1,4-phenylenevinylene- alt-2,5-didodecyloxy-1,4-phenylenevinylene] ( P1) and poly[(2-methoxy-(5-(2-(4-oxyphenyl)-5-(4-biphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole)-hexyloxy))-1,4-phenylenevinylene- alt-2,5-didodecyloxy-1,4-phenylenevinylene] ( P2) was synthesized by the Heck coupling reaction. Hole blocking-electron transporting pendants, conjugated 1,3,4-oxadiazole (OXD) derivatives, is attached on the main chain via linear 1,6-hexamethylenedioxy chain. The band gap of both P1 and P2 were 2.12 eV and the maximum of photoluminescence (PL) of P1 and P2 appeared at 576 and 573 nm, respectively. Moreover, the maximum of electroluminescence (EL) of single layer device based on P1 and P2 showed at 583 and 580 nm, respectivley. These values are very close to those of poly(2-methoxy-5-ethylhexyloxy-1,4-pnenylenevinylene) (MEH-PPV). Relative PL quantum yield of P1 and P2 film were 1.9 and 2.0 times higher than that of MEH-PPV. In the PL and EL spectra, emission from CNST (1,2-diphenyl-2′-cyanoethene) pendants was not observed. These indicate that the energy transfer from OXD pendants to main chain takes place completely. In addition, OXD pendants did not affect the EL and PL maximum of the main chain of MEH-PPV. A single-layer EL device based on P1 and P2 had an efficiency of 0.1 cd/A at 300 mA/cm 2 and 0.17 cd/A at 323 mA/cm 2, respectively, which were significantly higher than that of MEH-PPV measured under the same conditions. From the energy levels figured out from optical and electrochemical data strongly supports that the OXD pendants have good hole blocking property and promote electron-hole (exciton) recombination process.