Single Cultural Space Research Articles

Formation and development of cultures in the ancient central asian civilization

Annotation: In this article is written about in the history of human society, the ancient Central Asian civilization served as the center of original early cultures for the emergence of material and spiritual wealth created by our ancestors. This area is not limited to the Turan lowland, but includes a vast region where various Turkic ethnic groups are widespread. In these places, over the past 5-6 thousand years, we can observe the formation and development of the culture of Central Asia and the culture of the Turkic peoples. This civilization represents the cultures of regions and ethnic groups on a huge scale, including the stages of the emergence and development of national cultures in the region before the Arab conquest. In these ancient Central Asian regions, it consisted of the Jaitun culture, the Kaltaminor culture, the Hisar culture, the Chust culture, and was generally called the Turan culture. These cultures served the development of various directions in a single cultural space that united the Turkic peoples. For this reason, industries such as hunting, harvesting, animal husbandry and farming have long served as the basis for the livelihood and subsistence of the inhabitants of the region.

State cultural policy as a factor of civil society development in the context of European integration processes

The purpose of the article is to study the trinity and interactions of European integration clusters, state cultural policy, and civil society. The methodology is based on the integrated use of general scientific and special-applied methods, namely: analysis and synthesis, abstraction and concretization, analogy, and comparison. A special culturological method, ie the method of culturological determination made it possible to consider the influence of cultural factors on the formation of a socio-cultural, civic environment. The use of empirical level methods allowed us to form a holistic picture of the organization of European integration cultural practices in the Rivne region, observing the activities of cultural institutions in the region. The scientific novelty lies in the complexity of the study of the state cultural policy of Ukraine with a focus on its social, economic, mental state and content of modern European integration modes, which activates the process of civil society development. Conclusions. The creation of a single cultural space in Europe is based on the cultural diversity of countries, cultural diplomacy, which ensures communication and finding common ground in establishing cooperation. Sustainable development and gender equality are new priorities in the cultural policy of the European Union. For Ukraine in the context of European integration, it is important to create conditions for harmonization, preservation, actualization of national cultural space despite the fragmentation and dispersion of cultural heritage, as well as the intensification of the national sector of cultural industries, ensuring the competitiveness of national cultural product in the world market. with the involvement of representatives of civil society. These are the basic bases for creating the concept of state cultural policy in Ukraine.

Этническое самосознание студентов и его развитие в процессе изучения дисциплины «Теория и методика этнокультурного образования»

The article examines the problems of the formation of ethnic self-awareness of university students in the process of teaching the discipline «Theory and methods of ethnocultural education». The relevance of the study is determined by the state policy that elevates culture to the rank of national priorities and recognizes it as the most important factor in the harmonization of public relations, the guarantor of the preservation of a single cultural space and territorial integrity. The purpose of the article is to consider the issues of content-methodological and educational plan in the formation and development of ethnic self-consciousness of students of higher educational institutions in the process of teaching the dissertation "Theory and methodology of ethno-cultural education". The analysis of normative-legal and legislative acts in the field of culture and education, observation, and the method of generalization of pedagogical experience allowed us to identify effective forms and means of ethno-cultural education of students. The data of a sociological survey conducted before and after studying the discipline "Theory and methodology of ethno-cultural education" among students of the training direction "Folk Art Culture" of the Chuvash State Institute of Culture and Arts are presented in the article. Based on the data obtained by such criteria as the level of formation of ethnonigilism, ethnic indifference, positive ethnic identity, ethno-egoism, ethno-isolationism, ethno-fanaticism, conclusions were drawn about the positive result of the study and recommendations were made for the development of ethnic self-knowledge of students in the course of studying the discipline "Theory and Methodology of ethno-cultural education".

СОЦІАЛЬНО-КУЛЬТУРНІ АСПЕКТИ РОЗВИТКУ ЛЮДСЬКОГО КАПІТАЛУ

The role of socio-cultural infrastructure in the development of major components of human capital has been considered in the article. In the broadest sense, human capital encompasses biological, social, spiritual and moral components. Accordingly, for the growth of human capital (both at the individual and micro- and macroeconomic levels), it is necessary to create conditions for the continuity, and constant recovery and development of all its elements. Each individual spontaneously or, conversely, deliberately is involved into a single cultural space that reproduces cultural values and achievements accumulated by the generations, thereby creating a demand for services provided by cultural objects. At the enterprise level, the phenomena of corporate culture, social and psychological environment, cohesion of the workforce are manifested, which can be considered as components of the human capital of the organization and on which the results of work depend. At the level of state regulation, the main feature of the importance of cultural development of society is the financing of objects of socio-cultural infrastructure and, accordingly, the formation of the offer of services in the field of education, culture, health care, etc. The creation of proper socio-cultural environment is regarded as a basic prerequisite for self-organization of society and self-development of the individual. The peculiarities of formation of the health capital, the educational, cultural, intellectual and social capital has been researched in the article and the approaches to assessing their role in the formation of a harmoniously developed personality, as well as productive forces in the country’s economy have been described. Both direct investments in human capital (carried out by an individual – when acquiring medical, educational or cultural services or an employer in the process of managing the human capital of an enterprise) and investments in public institutions that shape the environment of human formation and reproduction are important. The necessity of achieving correspondence between the goals of the state policy in financing the socio-cultural sphere, subjective considerations of certain individuals regarding the feasibility of investing in individual human capital and economic interests of employers when deciding on investing in comprehensive personnel development of enterprises has been substantiated in the research.

Джазовый стандарт: особенности структуры

Статья посвящена изучению специфики структуры джазового стандарта. Стандарт основан на двух разновидностях джазовых форм: 12-тактовом блюзе (blues) и песенной форме (rhythm changes). В статье рассматриваются процессы формирования джазовых форм, даются их характеристики, приводятся нотные фрагменты, а также примеры известных стандартов, включенных в книгу В. Симоненко «Мелодии джаза».

Making Sacrifices: Visions of Sacrifice in European and American Cultures. Opfer bringen: Opfervorstellungen in europäischen und amerikanischen Kulturen ed. by Nicholas Brooks, Gregor Thuswaldner

BOOK REVIEWS 205 ment is clearly laid out in her introduction, and she meaningfully engages in interdisciplinary debates about religion in modernity. Kelly presents a diverse account of modern Russian Orthodox culture—in both traditional and unorthodox manifestations—that complements and complicates existing scholarship on Western European poetry in the more familiar contexts of Catholicism and Protestantism. Jefferson Gatrall Montclair State University Making Sacrifices: Visions of Sacrifice in European and American Cultures. Opfer bringen: Opfervorstellungen in europäischen und amerikanischen Kulturen Edited by Nicholas Brooks and Gregor Thuswaldner new academic press, 2016. 216 pp. € 29.90 paperback. This book represents the first volume of Symphilologus, the book series of the Salzburg Institute of Religion, Culture, and the Arts, and comprises twelve articles that reflect on the meaning of sacrifice in modern European and American culture. The title “Symphilologus” is based on German classics scholar Friedrich Creuzer’s term Symphilologie—meaning to collaboratively transcend traditional academic boundaries—and is intended by the volume editors as a bringing together of different disciplines in which religion will play a special role. The subjects in this collection fulfill the volume ’s eclectic goal of interdisciplinarity interwoven with religious themes. By design, this volume in the series is neither an exhaustive approach to the topic of sacrifice nor a new thesis about the understanding of sacrifice in the West. The introduction by Nicholas Brooks does, however, provide a very useful overview of the history of sacrifice in Western culture, particularly as it relates to the rise of Christianity and its relationship to both the marginalization of ritual physical sacrifice (regarded as superfluous superstition by Enlightenment thinkers Picart, Bernard, Jancourt, and Voltaire) and the theological/philosophical redefinition of sacrifice as an inner state of obedience (Tertullian, Augustine, Kant, Fichte, and Hegel). Brooks concludes his introduction by explaining how modern thinkers have: (1) viewed sacrifice as insignificant with respect to modern theories of political and economic life (Hobbes, Rousseau); (2) denied the clarity needed for dutiful sacrifice (Marx, Nietzsche, Freud); and (3) challenged the very idea of sacrifice itself Religion & Literature 206 given its association with twentieth-century revolutionary politics. Written by scholars from a variety of disciplines and academic institutions (both American and European), the collection includes a fascinatingly rich array of individual studies from a variety of genres: medieval and modern German literature, French literature, music and literature in translation, Yiddish Midrashic poetry, philosophy, visual culture, film, political discourse, and twentieth-century British religious art. Three of the articles are written in German and nine are in English. The style and content will appeal both to the specialist and non-specialist academic reader alike. Abraham’s willingness to sacrifice his son Isaac is a key theme revisited across several of the articles. Armin Eidherr’s essay focuses on the modern Midrashic interpretation of the Akejdeß-Jizchok-Mythos (“Binding-of-IsaacMythos ”) by Yiddish authors Itzik Manger und Hirsch Oscherowitsch. Eidherr suggests that these Biblically grounded Midrashic texts be understood in terms of Lyotard’s definition of myth, thus allowing for a re-narration via legend that could be applied exegetically to other historical contexts. J. M. Baker examines the poetics of the singular from recent discussions (Agacinski , Levinas, Nancy, and Ricoeur) that have drawn on or been inflected by Kierkegaard’s pseudonymous treatment of Abraham’s sacrifice in his work Fear and Trembling. Timothy B. Malchow analyzes Turkish-German relations and sacrifice in Fatih Akin’s film Auf der anderen Seite (On the Other Side) and shows how the film applies Koranic and Biblical narratives of the sacrifice of Isaac by Abraham to the lives of the film’s characters living in modernday Turkey and Germany (depicted in the film as a single cultural space). Malchow explains how Akin reconfigures these sacred sacrificial narratives, effectively destabilizing the ideological hostility between individual duty and universal ethics, and ultimately portraying sacrifice not as the destruction of the other out of duty, but as a “courageous, forgiving willingness to reimagine the boundaries of one’s own identity” in an encounter with the threatening other (159). The volume also considers the wide-ranging influence of Christ’s sacrifice both symbolically and liturgically. Lyrica Taylor’s “Jacob Epstein, Barbara Hepworth, and...

Mencius and World Order Theories

The international system of the Eastern Zhou has long held a fascination for international relations theorists. Like Europe in the 18th and 19th centuries it had a small number of great powers interacting over a single cultural space. Thus it presents another sandbox in which to test theories of international relations using historical data. Pre-Qin China is both a rich source of data for international relations specialists and a rich source of analytical insight. The work of Han Fei, Mo Di or Mencius is at least equal in value to that of Thucydides in the Western canon. The added value of pre-Qin China is that we have an independently authored set of historical texts that lay out the narrative of inter-state relations in ways that allow us to independently evaluate the relationship of data to interpretation and analysis. This allows us to place modern scientific analytic frames around the interpretive propositions of pre-Qin thinkers, and independently evaluate the data in that light. We are also able to reconstruct the interpretive frames of pre-Qin thinkers in ways that correspond more closely to scientific methodology. We must be careful, however, not to identify our reconstructed frames that draw heavily on the received body of scientific discourse, with the original frameworks proposed by pre-Qin thinkers. What we should be looking for is neither how modern practice validates the insights of pre-Qin thinkers, nor how pre-Qin thinkers anticipate modern scientific theory. The latter form of anachronistic theorizing may be satisfying for nationalist ideologists or for parlor-room discussion, but has no place in scientific discourse. We must acknowledge that we cannot stand on the same ground as our ancient forebears and look at the present. Instead we should look at the reframed ancient wisdom and ask whether or how this wisdom allows us to fill out or expand the frame of our scientific knowledge and how this new synthesis allows us better to interpret data, both ancient and modern. That is, we cannot deny our own interpretive agency based on our own training and experience, and we must apply the same empirical tests that we would use in judging contemporary research paradigms.