Single Coronary Artery Ostium Research Articles

Some Anatomical Variations of the Coronary Circulation among Sri Lankan Adults

The coronary circulation has been the centre of focus of many anatomists, pathologists, cardiologists, cardiothoracic surgeons, physiologists and even the general public especially since the introduction of coronary angiography during the 1960's. Though a large number of data regarding the coronary circulation of the Western populations are available, research about coronary circulation of the Sri Lankan population is comparatively rare. This study comprises of data from 150 autopsy specimens of adult Sri Lankans died due to non-cardiac causes. 99.3% had a tricuspid aortic valve while only in 0.7% the aortic valve was bi-cuspid. The incidence of the ectopic origin of the left and the right coronary artery was equal (1.3%), and the posterior sinus was devoid of coronary ostia. A 55.3% of the study population had a single coronary artery ostium for each main coronary artery. The corresponding figure for the left coronary artery was 91.3%. Six percent (06%) of the right coronary ostia were positioned significantly above the sinus while the corresponding figure for the left coronary ostia was higher (17.5%). The average left ventricular wall thickness for males and females were 13mm and 12mm respectively. Significant muscular bridging (in relation to at-least one coronary artery) was found in 19.3% of the study population. The study concludes that variations in the cardiac anatomy are commoner than expected. As per Kitzman chart, cardiac dimensions of the Sri Lankans are somewhat smaller compared to the dimensions of the Western populations.

Cardiovascular Computed Tomographic Angiography as a Virtual Patient Avatar for Individualized Surgical Planning of Complex Anomalous Coronary Artery Anatomy.

Cardiovascular computed tomographic angiography (CCTA) 3-D thoracic reconstruction can serve as a "virtual patient avatar" providing surgical views for approach to complex anomalous coronary artery anatomy. Images demonstrated a single coronary artery ostium arising from the right aortic sinus with trifurcation into a prepulmonic left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD), an interarterial circumflex with a subsequent intraseptal course, and normal course of the right coronary artery. Virtual 3-D CCTA reconstructions were important to planning an incisional plane for surgical correction.

Successful 13N-ammonia positron emission tomography-guided percutaneous coronary intervention in a patent with single coronary artery ostium suffering acute myocardial infarction

Successful 13N-ammonia positron emission tomography-guided percutaneous coronary intervention in a patent with single coronary artery ostium suffering acute myocardial infarction

Novel Coronary Artery Anomaly in an English Bulldog with Pulmonic Stenosis

Novel Coronary Artery Anomaly in an English Bulldog with Pulmonic Stenosis

Successful Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in a Patient With Acute Myocardial Infarction and Single Coronary Artery Ostium

One of the single anomalous origins of coronary artery that has rarely been reported is a congenital anomaly of coronary circulation that occurs in the left coronary artery originating from the right coronary sinus of valsalva. We report a 49-year-old male patient with non-ST segment elevated myocardial infarction that was identified to have an anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the right coronary artery (RCA) with thrombotic total occlusion of RCA by coronary angiography and cardiac computed tomography. The patient underwent successful percutaneous coronary intervention in total occlusion of the RCA and was discharged after uneventful recovery.

Paciente com angina e anomalia tipo óstio único de artéria coronária com origem no seio de valsalva direito

A anomalia cardíaca tipo óstio único de artéria coronária é uma entidade congênita rara, de causa desconhecida. Clinicamente apresenta-se desde a forma assintomática até casos de morte súbita, podendo associar-se a doença arterial coronária aterosclerótica. Apresentamos o caso de uma paciente de 68 anos de idade, com quadro de angina estável desde 2007, que, após três anos de seguimento, em decorrência de piora da angina, foi submetida a cinecoronariografia eletiva. A cateterização seletiva da coronária direita demonstrou anomalia tipo óstio único de artéria coronária, lesão significativa na artéria circunflexa e artéria descendente anterior ocluída no terço médio. A angiotomografia das coronárias demonstrou trajeto benigno da coronária anômala e a paciente evoluiu favoravelmente com o tratamento clínico.

Unexpected Sudden Death of a 19-Year-Old Female with Congenital Single Coronary Artery Ostium during Exertion

Coronary artery anomalies are associated often with myocardial ischemia or sudden cardiac death. A 19-year-old woman who participated in an exertive game lost consciousness upon one such exertion. She was taken to a hospital where she died on the same day. An autopsy revealed that she had bifurcated coronary arteries, which arose from one coronary ostium in the left sinus of Valsalva. The right coronary artery arose from the left sinus and traveled between the aorta and the pulmonary trunk. The heart as well as the cardiac conduction system depended exclusively on the single coronary artery ostium for oxygenated blood supply, and the unbalanced blood distribution on her exertion probably led to sudden cardiac death. The case highlights the medicolegal importance of unexpected sudden cardiac death related to an anomalous origin of the coronary arteries.

Echocardiographic Features of Double-Outlet Right Atrium and Straddling Tricuspid Valve with Intact Ventricular Septum: A Rare Cardiac Anomaly Associated with Pulmonary Atresia and Single Coronary Artery Ostium

Double-outlet right atrium is a rare congenital cardiac anomaly previously described in association with atrioventricular canal defect. Straddling tricuspid valve is another uncommon anomaly that is almost always associated with a ventricular septal defect. We report the echocardiographic features of a newborn with double-outlet right atrium associated with pulmonary atresia, intact ventricular septum, and right coronary artery ostial atresia. Alternatively, the anatomy can be interpreted as straddling tricuspid valve with intact ventricular septum. The echocardiographic findings were confirmed by cardiac catheterization.

Rescue Circumflex Artery Stenting for Major Right Ventricular Dysfunction after Ross-Konno Operation

A single coronary artery is an anomaly in which only 1 coronary artery arises from the aortic root, supplying the entire heart. We report the case of a 5-year-old girl in whom a single coronary artery ostium was discovered during a Ross-Konno operation. This patient required extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for postoperative right ventricular infarction due to proximal stenosis of a dominant left circumflex artery in combination with an occluded minor right coronary artery. Rescue stent implantation allowed for recovery of right ventricular function and weaning from extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.

Arterial Switch Operations for Single Coronary Artery Ostium or Intramural Coronary Artery

Successful transfer of the coronary arteries is the most critical step during arterial switch operations for patients with transposition of the great arteries with a single coronary artery ostium and/or intramural coronary arteries. Various techniques have been reported and the present study was an evaluation of them in 10 neonatal patients. Coronary artery transfers are achieved by implantation of coronary buttons to the previously anastomosed neo-aorta using pericardial or pulmonary artery hood techniques. One patient died perioperatively because of myocardial malperfusion. Following prolonged mechanical ventilation, another died from sepsis on the 28th postoperative day. Coronary artery perfusion abnormality was not observed in the remaining patients. Transfer of the coronary button by the pericardial or pulmonary artery hood augmentation technique to the previously anastomosed neo-aorta is a practical, easy and convenient combination of methods for the treatment of these patients.