Single Conceptual Model Research Articles

Bridging Brand Parity with Insights Regarding Consumer Behavior

Abstract Previous research has investigated some of the relationships among brand parity (BP), brand image (BI), brand satisfaction (BS), and brand loyalty (BL). However, there is not a model investigating all of them in a single conceptual model. Based on information processing theory, the first aim of the article is to investigate the important, direct effect relationships among these variables. Moreover, scant information is available regarding the moderating role of BP. Consequently, the second purpose of the study is to test the moderating effect of BP regarding the effect of BI on BL and BS on BL. The data were collected from customers of chain stores in Antalya. The results supported the positive, direct effect of BI on BS and BL, plus BS on BL. There were no direct and moderating effects of BP. Based on the microeconomic behavior of consumers and because of the bounded rationality of consumers, as BP rises, consumers’ decisions are not affected regarding the effect of BI on BL and BS on BL. This is an important insight that brands should consider in terms of points of parity associations that affect consumers’ decision-making process and create a brand-loyal customer base.

Direction with the discovery of legal control in the field of support for rare types of entrepreneurial activity

Within the framework of the article, an analysis of the current state of legal support in the field of support for certain types of entrepreneurial activity was carried out and ways for further development of legislation in this area were proposed. An assessment is made of the current preferential legal regimes for conducting certain types of entrepreneurial activity. In particular, the author focuses on special economic zones, industrial (industrial) parks, a special investment contract and territories of advanced socio-economic development. The problems of each of the considered legal regimes are indicated. Based on this, theoretical proposals are formulated aimed at optimizing and increasing the efficiency of the entire system of measures to support individual sectors of the economy. These theoretical proposals are based on a single conceptual model of legal regulation of preferential regimes for doing business. The basis of the new conceptual model should be a separate Law on preferential regimes for doing business. Within the framework of this normative act, the preferential legal regimes that are currently quite fragmented in relation to each other will unite into a coherent and orderly system of tools to support certain areas of entrepreneurial activity.

A quasi-comprehensive exploration of the mechanisms of spatial working memory.

Why are some spatial patterns remembered more easily than others? There are many possible mechanisms underlying spatial working memory function. Here, the author explores different mechanisms simultaneously in a single conceptual model. He conducts a large-scale experiment (35.4 million responses used to measure human observers' spatial working memory across 80,000 patterns) and builds a convolutional neural network as a benchmark for what is expected to be explainable. The author then creates a quasi-comprehensive exploration model of spatial working memory based on classic concepts, as well as new notions, including spatial uncertainty, Bayesian integration, out-of-range responses, averaging, grouping, categorical memory, line detection, gap detection, blurring, lateral inhibition, chunking, multiple spatial-frequency channels, redundancy, response bias and random guess. This model provides a tentative overarching framework for the mechanisms of spatial working memory.

A multivariate view of the speciation continuum.

The concept of a "speciation continuum" has gained popularity in recent decades. It emphasizes speciation as a continuous process that may be studied by comparing contemporary population pairs that show differing levels of divergence. In their recent perspective article in Evolution, Stankowski and Ravinet provided a valuable service by formally defining the speciation continuum as a continuum of reproductive isolation, based on opinions gathered from a survey of speciation researchers. While we agree that the speciation continuum has been a useful concept to advance the understanding of the speciation process, some intrinsic limitations exist. Here, we advocate for a multivariate extension, the speciation hypercube, first proposed by Dieckmann et al. in 2004, but rarely used since. We extend the idea of the speciation cube and suggest it has strong conceptual and practical advantages over a one-dimensional model. We illustrate how the speciation hypercube can be used to visualize and compare different speciation trajectories, providing new insights into the processes and mechanisms of speciation. A key strength of the speciation hypercube is that it provides a unifying framework for speciation research, as it allows questions from apparently disparate subfields to be addressed in a single conceptual model.

The Character Engagement and Moral Adjustment Model (CEMAM): A Synthesis of More than Six Decades of Research

ABSTRACT Character liking, identification, and parasocial interaction/relationships are terms used in various literatures to describe character engagement. The current paper synthesizes more than six decades of research in media psychology and communication science to organize and delineate four processes related to character engagement with fictional characters: Attention, Appraisal, Affiliation, and Assessment. In addition to defining and distinguishing these four processes, we describe how they are influenced by narrative, character, and viewer features, leading to moral adjustment – that is, a viewer’s own morality being shaped and molded through exposure to fictional personae. We endeavor here to diminish conceptual confusion and to clarify causal, temporal, and reciprocal relationships between the four factors regarding moral adjustment in viewers. By uniting these processes under a single conceptual model, we provide a framework for understanding moral adjustment through character engagement that can serve as a launch point for more focused research projects.

A Methodology for Modelling Preservation, Access and Sustainability

ABSTRACT The interrelationship and interdependence between preservation, access and sustainability are explored, looking at the changing balance in their importance. The adoption of sustainability by cultural heritage organisations over the last 30 years is briefly traced, culminating in the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals, before developing a simpler framework for considering the relationship between sustainability and the display and preservation of collections. Alongside environmental and economic criteria, this framework includes two people-centred considerations of sustainability – social and societal. The five ‘pillars’ in this model are completed by the concept of operational sustainability. By considering preservation as societal sustainability and access as social sustainability, the single conceptual model that also includes environmental, economic and operational sustainability can be used to assess the effect of specific policies and practices on overall organisational sustainability. To demonstrate its use, the model is applied to a number of scenarios typically encountered in cultural heritage institutions to explore their effect on the different categories of sustainability. The method is particularly effective and informative when considering how a change in practice might affect each type of sustainability, making it a useful tool in decision-making.

Теоретичні аспекти формування концепції лікування переломів кісток, що утворюють підтаранний суглоб

The causes of unfavorable outcomes of treatment of fractures of the bones of the posterior part of the foot have a direct connection with the fundamental moments of the use of therapeutic tactics. The issues of therapeutic tactics and the choice of optimal surgical interventions in the system of treatment of fractures of bones forming a fractured joint remain insufficiently studied and poorly covered in the specialized literature, and their significance is underestimated. The regularities of the formation of factors that worsen the results of treatment of fractures of the talus and calcaneus are not systematized, and measures to prevent them are proposed mainly at the empirical level. The frequency of complications remains relatively high, and the ways to reduce it are not well defined, since they are due to the use of traditional techniques. Insufficiently studied issues of identifying risk factors for the development of adverse outcomes limit the possibilities of timely correction of therapeutic tactics. The wrong choice of treatment tactics explains the errors caused by the insufficient qualifications of medical staff and the development of complications that can lead to an unfavorable outcome of treatment in general. The variety of factors affecting the outcome of treatment also raises questions for the development and implementation of a single pathogenetically based system of preventive measures, which allows taking into account the effect of these factors and their possible mutual influence. The low efficiency of traditional approaches to the treatment of fractures of the bones of the posterior part of the foot emphasizes the expediency of searching for new ways of reposition and stable fixation of the bones forming the subtalar joint in the case of various types of injuries. Taking into account the above, measures to prevent the consequences of rammed damage will be effective only if they are comprehensively developed within a single conceptual model, which consists of two levels: organizational, diagnostic and technological. Each of these levels includes similar mechanisms aimed at eliminating the influence of factors contributing to the negative outcome of treatment. Before planning surgery and choosing the method of osteosynthesis, a systematic analysis of the factors affecting the results should be carried out in accordance with the nature of the fracture. Conclusion. The proposed conceptual model shows a natural objective relationship between the levels, so the solution of emerging problems is actually of direct scientific interest. The levels differ only in the content of the phenomena studied and the mechanisms of influence on the treatment process. Work on the improvement of these levels is at this stage the most realistic and practically significant subject of scientific research in traumatology and orthopedics, which can lead to a significant improvement in the anatomical and functional results of the treatment of foot injuries. The performed analytical study and the proposed conceptual model expand the understanding of the process of preventing adverse consequences and the choice of tactics in the treatment of bone injuries that form the subtalar joint

The Social Processes and Factors Affecting Organizational Knowledge Creation and Sharing in New Zealand Firms

This research delves into social processes and antecedent factors that influence organizational knowledge creation and sharing in NZ firms. The ideal processes or barriers have not been fully explored, especially in New Zealand context where the paucity of research in knowledge management still exist. To extend the Knowledge Management research stream, the study incorporates these two theoretical views into a single conceptual model and extend the organizational knowledge creation theory by considering set theory in terms of social and motivational factors. We attempt to link social processes, trust, rewards and IT support constructs within a nomological network that could predict factors that might influence organizational knowledge creation and sharing in New Zealand firms. Data were gathered using an online survey and analyzed using Partial Least Squares technique. Results show that trust, hard rewards and certain social processes have positive impact on organizational knowledge creation and sharing. In addition, trust and soft rewards are found to be positively associated with peer mentoring. Use of IT is positively associated with knowledge combination. Implications of the study are discussed.

Features of integration of information systems in the field of protection of plant variety rights

Purpose. Coverage of the peculiarities of information interaction between the Competent Authority, the Expert Institution, and the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV) in the process of ensuring the protection of plant variety rights. Implementation of a new technological approach called data extraction which adds a new layer for categorization of queries to the data warehouse of qualification examination of plant varieties and information that accompanies this process. Also, disclosing the features of information technology provides access to applicants, owners, owners, and authors of varieties to information about their varieties in the process of qualification examination with a high level of protection against external and internal threats. Methods. The methodology of conceptual modeling of the subject area is applied, which includes the representation of the relational structure of databases, as well as the technology of designing data warehouses on the basis of a single conceptual model. The theory of the construction of information systems, the theory of databases, the theory of object-oriented design, the theory of security of information systems are used. Results. The analysis of existing information systems and technologies in agriculture is carried out. As well as means of information protection. Sources of information on the formation of the database and data repository of the results of qualification examination of plant varieties are considered. Particular attention is paid to the study of information needs in the field of protection of plant variety rights. problems of information dissemination are discussed. The information technology of interaction of the Competent and Expert body in the field of protection of the rights to plant varieties, and also providing of the information to the international organization UPOV is defined. Features of the organization of data warehouses for the preservation of results of DUS and VSU examinations are covered. The idea of combining the concept of storage and data showcase in one implementation is analyzed, which will allow using data storage both for data mining and as a single source of integrated data of all data showcases of the Competent Authority, Expert Body for Plant Variety Rights and the Applicant’s Electronic Cabinet. There is also a review of methods for protecting information from external and internal threats. Conclusions. An information model has been developed that provides electronic interaction between the Competent Authority, the Expert Institution, and UPOV and the display of information through the software application «Service Office - Applicant’s Office». The peculiarities of the data showcase of the Competent Authority are highlighted. The functional content of the information system of the Expert Body is highlighted. The information technology of ensuring the life cycle of information systems and data protection from external and internal threats has been developed

Achieving Equilibrium as a Semi‐Alluvial Channel: Anthropogenic, Bedrock, and Colluvial Controls on the White Clay Creek, PA, USA

AbstractBased on well‐developed hydraulic geometry relations for width and depth, classic studies initially interpreted the Mid‐Atlantic White Clay Creek (WCC) as a quasi‐equilibrium, alluvial channel. Subsequent studies document the legacy of colonial‐age watershed disturbances and urban development, confounding earlier classifications. To investigate this matter, we contribute new data from reach‐scale geomorphic mapping, and observations and modeling of bed material transport. WCC's longitudinal profile reflects a history of bedrock incision, while hydraulic geometry equations for width and depth indicate quasi‐equilibrium cross‐sectional adjustment. Alluvial landforms such as pools and riffles, bars, and actively forming floodplains occur at all 12 study sites, but exposures of bedrock and colluvium are also common. The ratio of bankfull to threshold Shields stress averages 1.41 (range: 0.41–2.63), suggesting that WCC is an alluvial, threshold, gravel‐bed river. However, a numerical model of WCC bed material transport and grain size, calibrated to bedload tracer data, demonstrates that 22% (range: 8%–73%) of bed material is composed of immobile, locally sourced cobbles and boulders, while the remaining bed material represents mobile, sand to cobble‐sized alluvium; this leads us to classify WCC as a semi‐alluvial river. Additional computations suggest that channel morphology is insensitive to bed material supply. Field observations imply that bankfull Shields stresses do not represent channel adjustments to achieve stable banks; rather, width adjustment likely reflects cohesive bank processes. Despite the numerous and contradictory labels applied to WCC (i.e., quasi‐equilibrium, Anthropocene, bedrock, semi‐alluvial, and gravel‐bed), each term contributes insight that any single conceptual model would be unable to provide alone.

Sustainable Development of Rural Areas of the Russian State as a Strategic Task and its Legal Support

Systemic economic, environmental and social problems of rural areas in modern world make the issue of public policy for their sustainable development particularly topical. The socioeconomic development of the Russian Federation, increased volumes of agricultural output, growing efficiency of the agricultural sector, full employment of the rural population and improving its living conditions, as well as achieving efficient land use require proper legal support. The main strategic planning documents regulating aspects of sustainable development of rural areas are represented by three groups of political and legal acts regarding their: 1) agricultural development, 2) sustainable development, 3) spatial development. Most research articles cover one of these aspects of facilitating the development of rural areas. The sources demonstrate the lack of comprehensive legal studies covering the issues of sustainable development of rural areas. The present article provides a comprehensive analysis of the legal regulation of facilitating sustainable development of rural areas in each of the aspects mentioned. The methods of comparative analysis and legal hermeneutics applied made it possible to reveal contradictions and gaps in the strategic planning documents. This precludes the possibility of specifying a single conceptual model of legal regulation of sustainable development of rural areas. The authors have considered the internal and external sides of the model of legal regulation, outlined the legal approaches to its formation in modern geopolitical, economic and social conditions. The article identifies the problems of legal support for sustainable development of rural areas and considers ways to solve them.

Mechanisms and Models in Heart Failure: A Translational Approach.

Despite multiple attempts to develop a unifying hypothesis that explains the pathophysiology of heart failure with a reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), no single conceptual model has withstood the test of time. In the present review, we discuss how the results of recent successful phase III clinical development programs in HFrEF are built upon existing conceptual models for drug development. We will also discuss where recent successes in clinical trials do not fit existing models to identify areas where further refinement of current paradigms may be needed. To provide the necessary structure for this review, we will begin with a brief overview of the pathophysiology of HFrEF, followed by an overview of the current conceptual models for HFrEF, and end with an analysis of the scientific rationale and clinical development programs for 4 new therapeutic classes of drugs that have improved clinical outcomes in HFrEF. The 4 new therapeutic classes discussed are ARNIs, SGLT2 (sodium-glucose cotransporter 2) inhibitors, soluble guanylate cyclase stimulators, and myosin activators. With the exception of SGLT2 inhibitors, each of these therapeutic advances was informed by the insights provided by existing conceptual models of heart failure. Although the quest to determine the mechanism of action of SGLT2 inhibitors is ongoing, this therapeutic class of drugs may represent the most important advance in cardiovascular therapeutics of recent decades and may lead to rethinking or expanding our current conceptual models for HFrEF.

The Increasing Role of the Real Sector in Building a Post-Industrial Economic System

Aim. The presented study aims to examine international experience and current domestic practices to develop scientifically grounded proposals for Russia’s transition towards a post-industrial economic system based on the integration between the real sector and the high-tech services sector in the context of globalization.Tasks. The authors analyze the classical foundations of the post-industrial economic system and develop a mechanism for its formation under modern conditions; determine the key characteristics of the real sector and characterize its relationship with the financial sector and the services sector in the process of building and developing a post-industrial economic system; identify the fundamental problems that hinder Russia’s transition towards a post-industrial economic system; identify the key elements of the modernization of the national economic policy aimed at strengthening innovation susceptibility and transparency, which is an essential prerequisite for the transition towards a postindustrial economic system; justify the need for the formation of a high-tech real sector and its integration with the high-tech services sector within the framework of a systemic production process.Methods. This study critically analyzes the classical concepts of a post-industrial economic system that determines the behavior of economic entities at various levels as well as existing views on the mechanism of its construction. Analytical tools are used to propose a modification of the fundamentals of the transition towards a post-industrial economic system in the context of global competition and economic instability. The related directions of changes in the national economic policy are substantiated and their target function is determined.Results. The study, which is aimed at building a post-industrial economic system, shows the increasing role of the high-tech real sector and its relationship with the high-tech services sector. This allowed the authors to justify the necessity of forming a single conceptual model of the systemic production process that would unite all high-tech sectors of the economy, with the predominant development of the real sector. The implementation of such a model will ensure Russia’s transition towards a post-industrial economic system, taking into account the opportunities and risks introduced by globalization.Conclusions. The prospects for the post-industrial development of the Russian economy and the regulatory role of the government as the manager of post-industrial development on the basis of the increasing role of the real sector are determined.

Disaster Management and Working with Displaced Persons (Methodological Paper)

This methodological paper explains the process of occupational therapy management of displaced persons due to disaster influence. It is yet to be part of the occupational therapy practice domain even in recent decades with the advancement in occupational therapy research evidence and development. It is based on the current knowledge and developments in occupational therapy client centered practice. This methodological and conceptual based study describes and illustrates the occupational therapy practice model of rehabilitating displaced persons due to disaster influence. The present paper explores the occupational therapy role in rehabilitating displaced persons through People’s Environmental Occupation, Ecology of Human Performance (EHP), and Occupational Therapy Practice Framework. These are integrated as a single conceptual model to describe how and process of occupational therapy practice area during the rehabilitation process of a displaced person(s). The paper finally presented a sequenced framework to guide occupational therapists practice in this new emerging practice area of rehabilitation. This study was developed based on three different theories to support the occupational therapy treatment process of a displaced person due to disaster of any nature. Its concept based without any statistical analysis.

A Systematic Approach to Hydrogeological Conceptual Model Testing, Combining Remote Sensing and Geophysical Data

AbstractConceptual uncertainty is considered one of the major sources of uncertainty in groundwater flow modeling. Hypothesis testing is essential to increase system understanding by analyzing and refuting alternative conceptual models. We present a systematic approach to conceptual model testing aimed at finding an ensemble of conceptual understandings consistent with prior knowledge and observational data. This differs from the traditional approach of tuning the parameters of a single conceptual model to conform with the data through inversion. We apply this approach to a simplified hydrogeological characterization of the Wildman River area (Northern Territory, Australia) and evaluate the connectivity of sinkhole‐type depressions to groundwater. Alternative models are developed representing the process structure (i.e., different fluxes representing interactions between surface water and groundwater) and physical structure (i.e., different lithologies underlying the depressions) of the conceptual model of the depressions. Remote sensing data are used to test the process structure, while geophysical data are used to test the physical structure. Both data types are used to remove inconsistent models from an ensemble of 16 models and to update the probability of the remaining alternative conceptual models. Three out of five depressions that are used as a test case are conditionally confirmed to act as conduits for recharge, while for the last two depressions, the data are inconclusive. Although the framework is not directly prediction oriented, the testing of plausible conceptual models will ultimately lead to increased confidence of any groundwater model based on accepted posterior conceptualizations.

Citizen Engagement With Open Government Data

Citizen engagement with open government data (OGD) can enhance the effectiveness of governments and improve not only the quality of public policy making but also public services provisioning and ability to address societal problems. Although previous research gives insight into citizen's drivers and inhibitors for engaging with OGD, they have not yet been integrated into a single conceptual model. The aims of this study are twofold: 1) to systematically review the literature on individual citizens' drivers and inhibitors for engaging with OGD and 2) to develop a conceptual model of citizen engagement with OGD based on the findings of the literature review. To attain this objective, the authors systematically analyzed 52 papers published in the period 2009-2019. Seven categories of drivers of citizen engagement are identified: citizen's profile, personal, performance-related, economic, social, technical, and political. Three groups of inhibitors are also identified: citizen's profile, technical, and political. This study helps in understanding how the engagement of citizens can be enhanced.

Drivers and inhibitors of the compromise effect – a conceptual overview

PurposeThis paper aims to review numerous known drivers and antecedents of compromise behavior, proposing a basic categorization of the various contributions. This is done with the goal to integrate drivers and antecedents, previously largely discussed in isolation of one another, into a single conceptual model. This sheds light on the issue of previously overstated or understated relevance of individual drivers. The picture is completed by the proposition of new potential drivers of the compromise effect like lay rationalism and approval motivation.Design/methodology/approachThe paper takes a conceptual approach in reflecting on prior findings from the field of compromise effect research and adjacent fields to develop a number of propositions aggregated in a conceptual model.FindingsA number of previously overlooked, but potentially highly relevant interaction effects among known drivers of the compromise effect are proposed along with the proposition of several new drivers.Originality/valueThis conceptual paper offers a novel, broadly applicable categorization of compromise effect research. Further, it seems to be the first paper dedicated to an extensive review of established drivers of the compromise effect to examine the interdependence and possible interaction effects and of those drivers. Additionally, completely new potentially relevant drivers are discussed in detail and integrated into a conceptual model.

Determining factors of international opportunity recognition: A conceptual approach

Objective: The objective of the article is to advance theoretical knowledge on international opportunity recognition by establishing a conceptual model with particular focus on answering why and how some entrepreneurs identify international opportunities (IOs). Research Design & Methods: This conceptual paper relies on qualitative and explorative research through literature review methodology. The analysis of available literature leads to the formulation of seven theoretical propositions. Findings: The findings allow us to establish why and how some entrepreneurs recognize IOs, by indicating that prior international knowledge and experience, international entrepreneurial alertness, entrepreneurial creativity and entrepreneurial passion are the determining factors. Contribution & Value Added: This research integrates in a single conceptual model various factors that have been studied separately. The influence of all these factors simultaneously and the interaction between them seeks to explain why and how an entrepreneur identifies IOs.

PGI19 A CONCEPTUAL MODEL FOR ADULT ULCERATIVE COLITIS PATIENTS

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease that causes gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms including rectal bleeding, diarrhea, and increased number of bowel movements. Regulatory bodies encourage the use of Patient-Reported Outcomes (PROs) in UC, understanding that certain unobservable concepts can only be measured via PRO. A conceptual model was created to highlight concepts of importance to UC patients and inform PRO measurement. Qualitative concept elicitation interviews (N=43), that supported the development of the Ulcerative Colitis Patient-Reported Outcomes (UC-PRO), were conducted with adult UC patients with intact colons until saturation was reached. Real world data (RWD) was analyzed from a Disease Specific Program with data from 101 Gastroenterologists and 688 UC patients. This was used to determine the most commonly used therapies, side effects, administration procedure considerations, and treatment consequences. A targeted literature search was then conducted on qualitative and PRO literature to better understand caregiver impact, with final concepts selected by frequency of occurrence and importance to patients. The model was divided into treatment and disease sections, as seen in a previous Crohn’s disease model. Treatment-related information gathered from RWD was connected to the disease section. The disease portion contains 2 symptom domains (GI and extraintestinal) and 6 disease impact domains (daily activities, physical functioning, work productivity, social functioning, emotional functioning, and sexual functioning), aggregating information from qualitative interviews. Treatment and disease aspects were linked to caregiver impact to provide a single conceptual model. There are numerous symptoms and impacts for this patient population. A comprehensive PRO measurement strategy including a disease-specific measure of symptoms such as the UC-PRO and a measure of impacts such as a productivity questionnaire may be needed to fully capture the impact of disease and treatment from the patient’s perspective.

Adoption of e-Governance

PurposeThis study aims to investigate India’s poor performance in the overall implementation of e-Governance despite significant improvements in the quality and scope of e-Government services in the country.Design/methodology/approachThe study proposes a conceptual model based on four hypotheses that are tested using the structural equation modeling technique. Based on the results obtained, the conceptual model is suitably modified.FindingsThe major finding of the study is that “English proficiency” and “digital divide” sequentially mediate the relationship between “service quality” and the “willingness to adopt e-Governance” in India.Research limitations/implicationsThe conceptual model emerging from the study adds to the literature on e-Governance service quality and adoption. However, a longitudinal or experimental study may provide more insights into the context.Practical implicationsPrimarily, this study would interest agencies involved in developing and delivering e-Governance services. Besides, the findings may be useful for the “big data companies” that are interested in gaining direct access to the last-mile users of developing countries.Social implicationsThe study intends to provide directions to policymakers on improving access to e-Governance services for the people who are deprived of the benefits of such services.Originality/valueThis is the first study to incorporate both English proficiency and digital divide in a single conceptual model in the literature related to the relationship between service quality and the willingness to adopt e-Governance.