Single Alkali Research Articles

Genotoxicand biomarker response of mussel gill cells, haemocyte and A549 human lung cells to radiation from X-rays

A comparative study on the genotoxic effect of radiation from X-rays of different levels on Mussel gill cells, haemocyte and human lung cell A549 using the comet assay was carried out. The results revealed an increasing DNA damage with increasing doses of X-ray, single strand breaks and alkali labile sites in the haemocyte of the control had a mean value of 5.92 ± 1.27 while the highest treatment group 15Gray (Gy) had a mean value of 78.65 ± 4.36,withsignificant differences (P <0.05), A mean value of 21.10 ± 13.10 was recorded for Mussel gill cells in the control group while the highest treatment group 15 Gray (Gy) had 85.55 ± 1.43. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences (P <0.05) for univariate tests of the control group and the treatment groups. The A549 human lung cells had a minimal damage in the control group 2.30 ± 0.30 while the highest exposed group had a mean value from the median % tail intensity of 43.10 ± 2.81. Pair wise comparison of gills cells, haemocytes from mussels and A549 human lung cells exposed to 15 Gy of X-rays shows that the highest damaging effect was observed on the gill cells followed by the haemocytes with the least damaging effect on the A549 human lung cells exposed to the same dose rate of X-rays with significant differences (P <0.05) between them.This study revealed that A549 human lung cells were more resistant to DNA damage induced by the X-rays when compared to mussel gill and haemocyte cells and also indicates that mussel gill cells and haemocytes can serve as biomarkers of genotoxicity of radiation exposure using the comet assay.

Pretreatment of alkali activation and carbonation of steel slag for using as binding material

Steel slag (SS) exhibits low hydration activities and expansive phases, which should be pretreated prior to using as binding materials. Thus, these properties of SS were improved through a combined treatment of alkali and then wet carbonation (A_C) in this study. Effect of sodium silicate modulus (M = 1.0–2.5) and carbonation temperature (50–200 °C) on cementitious property of SS was investigated. Results showed that the optimum modulus and temperature were 2.0 and 150 °C under single alkali and single carbonation treatment of SS, respectively. In case of combined treatment, the optimal modulus was 2.0 with an optimum temperature of 100 °C (A2.0_C100°C-SS). The 28 d compressive strength increased by 27.1% and expansion rate decreased by 17.7% of A2.0_C100°C-SS-PC compared to untreated SS-PC. This was attribute to the fact that the newly formed CaCO3 with micro-nano size and high activity existed in A_C-SS can react with Al-containing minerals in OPC to form monocarboaluminate, and Si-gels produced during carbonation can react with CH to form C-S-H phases. The early hydration activity of OPC was more obviously improved by adding A_C-SS compared to adding A_SS or C_SS. This was due to the micro-nano size effect of CaCO3 and Si-gels can provide nucleation sites for C-S-H formation. Alkali pretreatment can improve the SS carbonation, reaching the maximum carbonation degree of 53% at 100 °C compared to carbonation alone (47% at 150 °C). The embodied CO2 index of A2.0_C100-SS-OPC system decreased to 9.843 compared to OPC (10.511), indicating that the A_C treatment for SS was a more sustainable and environmentally friendly method.

Comparison of mechanical properties and microstructure of GGBS-based cementitious materials activated by different combined alkaline wastes

Compound alkaline wastes was used to effectively improve the performance of a single-component activator in alkali-activated slag (AAS) cementitious materials. Macroscopic properties and microstructure evolution were characterized of ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS)-based cementitious materials prepared by using calcium carbide slag (CS), soda residue (SR) and NaOH, SR and CS as activators. The binary alkali activators were found to exhibit superior activation synergies compared to single alkali activators, with CS+SR binary alkali activators demonstrating more pronounced activation effects on slag. The results showed that compared to CS and SR+NaOH, the 28d AAS strength increased by 78.56% and 69.58%, respectively, for CS+SR. When the mass ratios of GGBS, SR, and CS were 75:17.5:7.5, the 28d UCS was determined as 30.20 MPa. The microscopic analysis revealed the formation of C-(A)-S-H gel as the main hydration products, Friedel’s salt (FS) is formed when SR is mixed. When SR and NaOH are mixed, the amount of C-(A)-S-H gel decreases with the proportion of increasing SR, whereas the amount of the formed FS and NaCl increases. The large amount of NaCl formation indicates that Ca in SR cannot assist in FS formation, and the increase in FS is insufficient to compensate for the strength loss caused by the absence of C-(A)-S-H gel. When SR and CS are mixed, Ca2+ and Cl- components are added, promoting complete dissolution of GGBS and facilitating the formation of more FS to fill pores and voids. Therefore, the microstructure formed by overlapping C-(A)-S-H gel with FS is more compact.

AYSO4F2 (A = K, Rb): [YO4F4] Polyhedra Enhancement of Birefringence in Non-π-Conjugated Sulfate Systems.

A mild hydrothermal method was employed to successfully synthesize two new sulfate fluorides, namely, AYSO4F2 (A = K, Rb). They are isomorphic, and both contain [YO4F4] polyhedra and [SO4] tetrahedra in the structure. Theoretical calculations and experimental tests show that AYSO4F2 (A = K, Rb) have large band gaps (7.79 and 7.82 eV) and moderate birefringence (0.015 and 0.02 @ 546.1 nm), with significantly enhanced birefringence and band gaps as compared to that of the single alkali metal sulfates A2SO4 (A = K, Rb). Furthermore, theoretical calculations show that [YO4F4] polyhedra are the main reason for the band gap and birefringence enhancement. This work contributes to the advancement of structural chemistry in the field of rare-earth sulfates, offering a novel approach for the design of sulfates characterized by large birefringence.

Geopolymer concrete cured under ambient conditions using a single alkali activator

Geopolymer concrete cured under ambient conditions using a single alkali activator

Stepwise extraction and utilization of silica and alumina from coal fly ash by mild hydrothermal process

Coal fly ash (CFA) is a potential secondary resource. In this study, silica and alumina from CFA were leached and utilized through a gentle alkali hydrothermal process. The results of CFA desilication with a single NaOH solution showed that amorphous silica was dissolved at a relatively low temperatures. Under optimized conditions, the leaching rate of SiO2 reached 33.81 %, while that of Al2O3 only was 1.37 %. Amorphous honeycomb calcium silicate hydrate was then well prepared by using silicon-rich liquid with CaO. The new aluminosilicate structures (sodalite) were detected in desilicated coal fly ash (DSCFA), which hinder the silica dissolution. After the optimal hydrothermal leaching in Ca(OH)2+NaOH system, the leaching rate of Al2O3 in DSCFA reached 39.84 %. The dealuminated CFA were mainly composed of friendly nano-flake tobermorite. With the increase of temperature, time, alkali concentration and Ca/Si, the tobermorite phase gradually changed to hibschite. The obtained alumina lixivium was well transformed into valuable porous boehmite via a carbonation process. Finally, the pilot tests excellent results, leaching about 41 % of SiO2 and 42 % of Al2O3, further demonstrating the feasibility of the whole hydrothermal process of desilication with a single alkali followed by aluminum extraction with mixed alkali.

Single alkali metal-doped hexalithioborazine complexes with exceptionally high value of polarizability and first hyperpolarizability: a DFT-based computational study

Single alkali metal-doped hexalithioborazine complexes with exceptionally high value of polarizability and first hyperpolarizability: a DFT-based computational study

Alkali/mixed alkali oxides having Nd3+: B2O3-TeO2-BaO-ZnO-NaF glasses: Perlustration of optical and luminescence traits for O-band amplification and near-infrared lasers

Six 1.0 mol% Nd2O3-doped NaF+ZnO+BaO+TeO2+B2O3 glasses containing single and mixed alkali oxides (K2O, Na2O, Li2O, K2O/Li2O, K2O/Na2O, and Na2O/Li2O) were prepared via melt-quenching approach and optical and NIR (near-infrared) emission traits including fluorescence decay times were explored. In all samples, Na ions comprising glass possesses 53.68 nm ∆λeff (effective bandwidth), 6.16 × 10‒21 cm2σmaxemi(peak emission cross-section), and 3.31 × 10‒26 cm3σmaxemi × ∆λeff (gain bandwidth) for transition 4F3/2→4I13/2 for O-band amplification, and also owns larger σmaxemi, σmaxemi × ∆λeff, and optical gain for 4F3/2→4I11/2 for NIR lasing action at 1.06 μm. Further, K ions constituting glass holds larger full width at half maximum (= 46.23 nm) or better ∆λeff (= 51.62 nm), moderate branching ratios (βR (= 42.37%) and βexp (= 19%)), and higher radiative decay time (= 662 μs) and τmeas (= 76.10 μs) for transition 4F3/2→4I9/2 for ∼0.9 μm laser operation.

Direct microwave energy input on a single cation for outstanding selective catalysis.

Microwave (MW)-driven catalytic systems are attracting attention not only as an aggressive electrification strategy of the chemical industry but also as creating a unique catalytic reaction field that conventional equilibrium heating cannot achieve. This study unlocked direct and selective heating of single alkali metal cations in the pores of aluminosilicate zeolites under MW. Selectively heated Cs+ cations in FAU zeolite exhibited selective CH4 combustion performance, that is, COx generation at the heated Cs+ cations selectively occurred while side reactions in the low-temperature gas phase were suppressed. The Cs-O pair distribution function revealed by synchrotron-based in situ x-ray total scattering gave us direct evidence of peculiar displacement induced by MW, which was consistent with the results of molecular dynamics simulation mimicking MW heating. The concept of selective monoatomic heating by MW is expected to open a next stage in "microwave catalysis" science by providing physicochemical insights into "microwave effects."

Dielectric response and polarization mechanism of alkali silicate glasses in gigahertz to terahertz frequency range

AbstractOxide glasses are dielectric materials with potential applications in high‐frequency communications; hence, their dielectric properties in the gigahertz to terahertz frequency range should be investigated. In this study, the dielectric properties of silica glass and five single alkali silicate glasses were measured at 0.5–10 THz using terahertz time‐domain spectroscopy and far‐infrared spectroscopic ellipsometry. At 0.5–10 THz, the silica glass exhibited low dielectric dispersion with a low dielectric constant and loss. By contrast, the alkali silicate glasses exhibited high dielectric dispersion, and the dielectric constant and loss were higher than those of the silica glass. The shape of the dielectric dispersion profile depended on the alkali‐metal ions; it was broader for lighter ions such as Li ions and sharper for heavier ions such as Cs ions. The peak dielectric loss shifted toward a lower frequency as the weight of the alkali‐metal ions in the alkali‐silicate glass increased. To understand the dielectric dispersion, the complex permittivity was calculated using molecular dynamics simulations. The theoretical results qualitatively agreed with the experimental data. Ion dynamics analysis revealed that alkali‐metal ions vibrate and migrate under an applied electric field, which affects the dielectric constant and loss of alkali‐silicate glasses at gigahertz to terahertz frequencies. To fabricate filter devices at low temperatures, alkali metals should be added to silicate glass; therefore, a minimum amount of light alkali metals should be used to minimize the dielectric loss of the glass materials while maintaining productivity.

Promoting the synergistic removal of SO3 aerosols and particles during the flue gas condensation by combining alkali spray and turbulent agglomeration

In the condensation process of desulfurized flue gas, not only the flue gas waste heat can be recovered, but also the SO3 aerosols and particles can be removed synergistically. However, the deep purification ability of a single heat exchanger for flue gas is quite poor. In this work, a novel removal technology is proposed for the synergistic removal of SO3 aerosols and particles in the process of flue gas condensation by combining alkali spray and turbulent agglomeration. The agglomeration and capture mechanisms were analyzed by simulating the motion trajectory and calculating the capture efficiency of single alkali droplets. The removal performance of this combined technology was evaluated through experiments. The vertexes generated in the turbulent agglomeration device can promote the agglomeration or coagulation of SO3 aerosols and particles, and finally achieve the enhanced capture effect of these particles by alkali droplets. Compared with the single alkali spray or turbulent agglomeration, the combined technology can achieve better removal performance. The number removal efficiency of the combined technology is up to 78.4% and the mass removal efficiency of SO3 and particles reaches 61.8% and 94.5% respectively under typical conditions. Moreover, the mass removal efficiencies of SO3 aerosols and particles all increase with the increase of initial particle concentration, spray amount of alkaline solution, and flue gas temperature drop.

Molten salt-mediated carbon capture and conversion

The post-combustion capture is a promising technology to reduce industrial CO2 emission. This review articles concluded the recent advances in molten salt strategies for CO2 capture and conversion. In terms of CO2 capture, MgO-based sorbents can efficiently capture CO2 through a reversible carbonation/calcination reaction at intermediate temperatures (300–500 °C). The addition of alkali metal molten salt to MgO-based sorbents can greatly promote the CO2 uptake, which are promising candidates applied in the post combustion CO2 capture technology. Besides, molten salts such as ZnCl2/NaCl can be served as both activating agents and templates for synthesis of porous carbons from biomass and plastics. Particularly, N-doped porous carbons with highly microporous structures are more suitable for CO2 capture under ambient conditions. In terms of CO2 conversion, the electrochemical reduction in molten salts has been widely developed for producing carbon materials and fuels. Additionally, molten salts (normally single and mixed alkali metal carbonates) acting as both catalysts and heat transfer mediums can enhance the CO2 gasification of carbon feedstocks to produce CO-rich syngas. A significant challenge in the CO2 gasification of biomass/coal and their chars in molten alkali metal carbonates is the potential agglomeration between alkali metal species and minerals in the ash under high temperatures. To achieve sorbents regeneration and CO2 utilization, it is strongly recommended that more further researches should be performed on the integrated CO2 capture and in-situ electro-/thermo-chemical conversion processes for selectively production of high-value chemicals and fuels, which can alleviate the crisis of fossil fuels shortage and reduce the greenhouse gas emission.

Analysis of a novel method of alkalis treatment: Effect on energy band optimization and carrier recombination at the grain boundary

Alkali metal post-deposition treatment (PDT) is a key factor to approach high efficiency in Cu(In, Ga)Se 2 (CIGS) solar cells. In addition to single alkali element treatment, co-doping of light and heavy alkali elements is also applied to the preparation of CIGS absorber for higher efficiency. In this work, the details of different methods of alkali-treatments are revealed by combining several microstructural and compositional analysis methods, especially for the NaF-PDT/CsF-PDT process which introduces extra Na before Cs into the absorber. The ion exchange of Na and Cs in the grain boundaries (GB) of the absorber is analyzed in detail, which reveals alkali-treatment restrains the formation of large bandgap compounds at GB. Extensive material analysis shows that NaF/CsF-PDT can not only tailor the surface nanoscale morphology of CIGS films but also optimize the band structure at GB to reduce carrier recombination. Such modification gains the improvement of the highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) from 15.2% to 17.4% and average PCE from 14.3% to 16.5% (without antireflective coating) after NaF/CsF-PDT. According to the analysis of data, we propose a model of energy band at GB, which explains the reason why NaF/CsF-PDT shows a better effect on CIGS devices than CsF-PDT. These results could serve as a basis for the further understanding of the effects of alkali-PDT on CIGS film and help to achieve even higher efficiency. • Effects of alkali elements Na and Cs on CIGS solar cells are investigated by a series of characterization tools. • NaF/CsF-PDT can tailor the surface nanoscale morphology and optimize the band structure at CIGS films. • An energy band model of GBs is proposed to explain the effect of alkali metal co-doping. • The PCE improved from 15.2% to 17.4% after NaF/CsF-PDT.

M@[12-crown-4] and M@[15-crown-5] where (M=Li, Na, and K); the very first examples of non-conventional one alkali metal-containing alkalides with remarkable static and dynamic NLO response

Excess electron compounds , such as alkalides, were shown to be promising nonlinear optical (NLO) materials with higher static and frequency-dependent nonlinearities. The intriguing alkalides are obtained after doping the alkali metals with crown ethers M@[12-crown-4] and M@[15-crown-5] (where M=Li, Na, and K). The studied complexes are thermodynamically stable and their interactions energies range from −66.51 to −3.51 kcal mol −1 . The geometric, electronic, and nonlinear optical properties are validated through density functional theory at the CAM-B3LYP/6-31+G(d,p) level of theory. The significant (negative) NBO charge present on alkali metals reveals their alkalide characteristics. Furthermore, reduced HOMO-LUMO gaps for the designed complexes show their excellent electronic and conductive properties. Being excess electron candidate the significant static first hyperpolarizability value increased up to 1.2 × 10 7 au where the β vec response recorded up to 1.1 × 10 7 au. The total hyperpolarizability nicely correlates with hyperpolarizability ( β tl ) which suggests their excellent NLO properties. Besides, the dynamic hyperpolarizability response for electro-optical pockel's effect β(-2ω;ω,0) increases up to 3.5 × 10 7 au at dispersion frequency of 1064 nm. The dynamic hyperpolarizability responses for SHG are much pronounced at the larger dispersion frequency. The dynamic second hyperpolarizability response for the dc-Kerr effect increases up to 6.4 × 10 9 au. The frequency-dependent NLO response of M@[12-crown-4] alkalides is slightly larger than those of M@[12-crown-4]. Moreover, the hyper Rayleigh scattering hyperpolarizability (β HRS ) value is calculated up to 3.4 × 10 6 au. • Single alkali metal based non-conventional alkalides are proposed as excess electron compounds. • These shows better thermodynamic stabilities and significant interactions energies for M@[15-crown-5] complexes. • The higher hyperpolarizability response for Li@[15-crown-5] rose up to 1.2 × 10 7 au. • The remarkable frequency-dependent NLO properties at ω = 1064 nm.

Electron Paramagnetic Resonance of Alkali Metal Atoms and Dimers on Ultrathin MgO.

Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) can provide unique insight into the chemical structure and magnetic properties of dopants in oxide and semiconducting materials that are of interest for applications in electronics, catalysis, and quantum sensing. Here, we demonstrate that EPR in combination with scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) allows for probing the bonding and charge state of alkali metal atoms on an ultrathin magnesium oxide layer on a Ag substrate. We observe a magnetic moment of 1 μB for Li2, LiNa, and Na2 dimers corresponding to spin radicals with a charge state of +1e. Single alkali atoms have the same charge state and no magnetic moment. The ionization of the adsorbates is attributed to charge transfer through the oxide to the metal substrate. Our work highlights the potential of EPR-STM to provide insight into dopant atoms that are relevant for the control of the electrical properties of surfaces and nanodevices.

Assessment of optical and fluorescence aspects of Er3+-doped multicomponent B2O3 glasses as active media for 1.532 μm near-infrared optical amplifiers

Current work principally provides an idea on controlling the Er3+: NIR (near-infrared) emission characteristics by changing a glass constituent and finding a suitable glass host favorable to design a novel C-optical band (1.53–1.565 μm) amplifier. By melting and rapid quench route, six transparent Er3+ (1 mol%)-doped B2O3-rich glasses having different single and mixed alkali ions were fabricated, and optical and fluorescence (visible and NIR) traits including Er3+ ion upper-levels 4S3/2 and 4I13/2 decay dynamics were inspected for such samples. At 1.4–1.65 μm wavelength range, an intense and wide NIR luminescence band centered at 1.532 μm (Er3+: 4I13/2 → 4I15/2 transition) has been obtained by a 980 nm laser diode pumping (4I15/2 → 4I11/2). NIR fluorescence Δλeff (effective bandwidth) varied depending on added single or mixed alkali ions, and a maximum Δλeff ∼74.66 nm was acquired for Er3+: Li ions constituting glass. For the 4I13/2 → 4I15/2 transition, σemi (stimulated emission cross-section) was evaluated using both Füchtbauer–Ladenburg and McCumber's theories. In all glasses, comparably, higher gain bandwidth (= 5.384 × 10−26 cm3) and peak σemiM (= 1.692 × 10−20 cm2) values have been attained for 4I13/2 → 4I15/2 transition in Li ions containing sample, and also this glass possesses the largest σabs (absorption cross-section) (= 1.459 × 10−20 cm2) for 4I15/2 → 4I13/2 transition. Further, at distinctive P (population inversion) values, gain spectra were computed, and all samples show C-optical band amplification beginning from P = 50%. All analyzed NIR fluorescence results indicate that Li ions having glass could be a potential gain medium for fiber amplifiers.

Preparation and characterization of organic-inorganic hybrid anion exchange membrane based on crown ether functionalized mesoporous SBA-NH2

In this paper, self-made diformyl-dibenzo-18-crown-6 ether (DDB 18 C 6 ) is in-situ grafted into the pores of mesoporous molecular sieve (SBA-NH 2 ), and then the aforementioned modified molecular sieve (SBA-C) is introduced into the polyvinyl alcohol solution, and then the glutaraldehyde as the crosslinking agent to synthesized the anion exchange membrane under for fuel cell application. During the experiment, a series of anion exchange membranes (P-(SBA x% -C), x is the mass fraction of SBA-NH 2 ) is developed and the pore channels and chemical structures of the aforementioned membrane is verified by FT-IR, SAXD, N 2 adsorption-desorption, 1 H NMR and XPS. Moreover, the performance of the membrane synthesized in this paper is also investigated and the results revealed that the unique membrane internal structure can improve the OH − transportation efficiency. Furthermore, the ionic conductivity of P-(SBA 10% -C) membrane is the highest (0.107S·cm −1 ) and the power density is the highest (354.8 mW cm −2 ) at 80 °C. By immersing P-(SBA 10% -C) membrane in 6 mol L −1 KOH solution for 168 h, the conductivity at 80 °C only decreased by 2%, proving that P-(SBA 10% -C) has a higher conductivity, good single cell performance and alkali stability. • A new kind of mesoporous molecular sieve with ordered pores grafted with crown ether was prepared. • A new type of anion exchange membrane with ordered mesoporous channels grafted with crown ether was prepared. • Using crown ether to complex K + to improve the conductivity of anion exchange membranes. • Prepared membrane showed excellent OH − conductivity and alkaline stability.

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi improve the growth and performance in the seedlings of Leymus chinensis under alkali and drought stresses.

Alkali and drought stresses are increasing severe environmental problems throughout the world, especially in the Songnen grassland of northern China. Leymus chinensis is the dominant grass species in the Songnen grassland of northern China and the most promising species for grassland restoration. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can colonize 80% of vascular plants, which can enhance the growth of host plants and provide extrinsic protection against abiotic stresses. However, little is known about the interaction effect of alkali and drought stresses on plant-AM symbionts. Here, seedlings of Leymus chinensis inoculated with or without mycorrhizae were cultivated in soil with 0, 100 or 200 mM NaHCO3 under 0, 5 or 10% (w/v) PEG treatment, and the changes in growth, osmotic adjustment substances and ions were measured. The results showed that the interaction of alkali and drought stresses caused greater seedling growth inhibition than either single alkali or drought stress due to ion toxicity and oxidative damage. Mycorrhizae could alleviate the growth inhibition of seedlings under alkali or drought stress. The interaction of alkali and drought stresses did not affect the alleviating effect of mycorrhizae on seedling growth but improved the osmotic regulation ability and ionic balance of the seedlings. Our results clearly show different effects of the interaction of alkali and drought stresses versus a single stress (alkali or drought) on plant development and provide new insights into the positive effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on host plants under such stress conditions.

All-solid-state lithium battery using a NaI-based Li+ conductor

An all-solid-state Li battery was fabricated using a NaI-based Li+ conductor as the solid electrolyte. The formation of the solid solutions was confirmed for 9(15NaI∙NaBH4)∙LiI with no significant inclusion of LiBH4. The Li+ conductivity of 9(15NaI∙NaBH4)∙LiI was 1.5 × 10−5 S/cm at 30 °C. The activation energy for Li+ conduction was estimated as 0.28 eV for 9(15NaI∙NaBH4)∙LiI. This compares well to the activation energy of the conventional high Li+ conductors with a single alkali cation. Furthermore, the charge–discharge performances of the Li/TiS2 cell using 9(15NaI∙NaBH4)∙LiI were excellent. It was shown that the charge–discharge capacity of 175 mAh/g can be maintained for 60 cycles under 0.05C. The Coulombic efficiencies of each cycle were over 99%.

Alkali activation of blast furnace slag using a carbonate-calcium carbide residue alkaline mixture to prepare cemented paste backfill

The utilization of calcium carbide residue (CCR) as alkali activator is promising to reduce production cost and ensure production safety. In this study, CCR/carbonates system and Ca(OH)2/carbonates system were used to replace the NaOH and KOH to activated blast furnace slag developing cemented paste backfill (CPB), and the difference of reaction products was also investigated. Then, the fluidity and compressive strength of the CPB prepared by different alkali activators were studied. Finally, X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to characterize the hydration products, respectively. Meanwhile, microscopy intrusion porosimetry (MIP) was also carried out to characterize pore structure of hardened specimens. Results indicate that at the same concentration of alkali activator, the CPB sample with mixed alkali activator showed lower fluidity but higher strength compared with the sample with single alkali activator. Due to the large amount of Ca+ and CO32– in the mixed alkali activator, the content of C-S-H in the CPB sample increased significantly and new hydration products, hydrotalcite and CaCO3 were observed. Using CCR as a replacement of Ca(OH)2 to prepare alkali activator could achieve a better fluidity but little lower compressive strength. Hence, the utilization of CCR could effectively reduce its storage problem and the cost of alkaline activator while maintaining the CPB performance simultaneously.