Simultaneous Determination Of Chloramphenicol Research Articles

Simultaneous determination of chloramphenicol, stilbenes, and resorcylic acid lactones in pork using UPLC–MS/MS with a C18 cartridge and immunoaffinity microextraction in a packed syringe

Simultaneous determination of chloramphenicol, stilbenes, and resorcylic acid lactones in pork using UPLC–MS/MS with a C18 cartridge and immunoaffinity microextraction in a packed syringe

Simultaneous determination of chloramphenicol and tinidazole by electrochemical analysis using MnO2/electrochemically reduced graphene oxide modified electrode

Simultaneous determination of chloramphenicol and tinidazole by electrochemical analysis using MnO2/electrochemically reduced graphene oxide modified electrode

Quantification and Analysis of Trace Levels of Phenicols in Feed by Liquid Chromatography\u2013Mass Spectrometry

A sensitive and reliable method using liquid chromatography–negative electrospray ionization mass spectrometry was developed for the simultaneous determination of chloramphenicol, florfenicol, and thiamphenicol at trace levels in animal feed. The analytes were extracted from grinded feed with ethyl acetate. Further the ethyl acetate was evaporated, residue resuspended in Milli-Q water, defatted with n-hexane, and solid phase extracted using BondELUT C18 cartridges. Separation was carried out on a C6 phenyl column with a mobile phase consisting of 0.1% formic acid in Milli-Q water and acetonitrile. The detector response was linear over the tested concentration range from 100 to 1000 µg kg−1. The recovery values for all analytes in feed were higher than 79% with RSD for repeatability and reproducibility in the ranges of 4.5–10.9% and 8.4–13.5%, respectively. CCα and CCβ varied between 76.8 and 86.1 µg kg−1, and between 111.3 and 159.9 µg kg−1, respectively. The results showed that this method is effective for the quantification of phenicols in non-target feed.

Nano-titania-coated modified magnetic graphene oxide for pass-through cleanup of chloramphenicol, thiamphenicol, and florfenicol in human blood

To develop a rapid, effective, and accurate method for the simultaneous determination of chloramphenicol, thiamphenicol, and florfenicol in human blood by pass-through cleanup solid-phase extraction combined with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), novel nano-titania-coated modified magnetic graphene oxide (TiO2-Mag-GO) is used as the PRiME pass-through cleanup solid-phase extraction sorbent for the cleanup of blood phospholipids. The chromatographic separation was performed on an Eclipse Plus C18 column (100 mm×2.1 mm, 1.8 μm) using 0.08% (v/v) aqueous ammonia solution and acetonitrile having aqueous ammonia (0.08%, v/v) as mobile phases. The tandem mass spectrometer was operated using electrospray ion source (ESI) in the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. The results showed that the linearities were in the range of 0.1-10.0 μg/L with the determination coefficients (r2) greater than 0.9990 for chloramphenicol, thiamphenicol, and florfenicol. The limits of quantification (LOQs) (S/N>10) in the blood samples were between 0.056 and 0.082 μg/L and the recoveries ranged from 90.0% to 105% at three spiked levels. Precision values expressed as relative standard deviations (RSDs) were in the range of 1.2%-6.6%. The developed method can be used for routine analyses to determine chloramphenicol, thiamphenicol, and florfenicol in clinical studies.

A simple sample preparation for simultaneous determination of chloramphenicol and its succinate esters in food products using high-performance liquid chromatography/high-resolution mass spectrometry

ABSTRACTA simple method is described for the determination of chloramphenicol and its succinate esters in food products. Examination of food products using high-performance liquid chromatography/high-resolution mass spectrometry showed the presence not only of chloramphenicol but also of its succinate forms. A scheme is proposed for determining chloramphenicol and its succinate esters (calculated as chloramphenicol) in meat (beef, pork, poultry), milk, liver, kidney, eggs, fish and honey. Analytes are extracted from a 1.0 g sample with 5 ml acetonitrile. It was found that using the method of standard addition and diluting the extract with water leads to the elimination of matrix effects and also eliminates errors associated with peak splitting due to the separate elution of the differing forms of the analyte. Validation results were satisfactory, with recoveries from 85% to 111% (meat, milk, liver, kidney, eggs, fish and honey) and a relative standard deviation (RSD) lower than 13% for spiked levels of 0.3, 1.0 and 5 µg kg–1. The limits of detection and quantification (calculated as chloramphenicol for all forms) were 0.1 and 0.3 µg kg–1, respectively. The RSD of the results of the analysis was < 10%. The duration of the analysis was less than 1 h.

Simultaneous Determination of Chloramphenicol, Ciprofloxacin, Nitrofuran Antibiotics and their Metabolites in Fishery Products by CE

Chloramphenicol (CAP), ciprofloxacin (CIP), nitrofuran antibiotics (NFA) and their metabolites in fishery products were determined simultaneously by a simple method with capillary electrophoresis. The optimal buffer consisted of 20 mmol L−1 sodium dihydrogen phosphate, 20 mmol L−1 disodium hydrogen phosphate, 80 mmol L−1 sodium deoxycholate, and 10 % methanol (v/v), pH 9.0. Under the best conditions, all analytes were separated completely. The method presented good linearity (r ≥ 0.9997) for CAP, CIP and NFA in the range of 5–100 μg mL−1, and for nitrofuran metabolites in the range of 1–25 μg mL−1. The limit of detection for each compound was estimated as 0.3–1.5 μg kg−1 (S/N = 3) in fishery products. The recoveries ranged from 81.5 to 114.5 %. Finally, the method was applied to real food samples, but neither antibiotics nor metabolites were found.

Amphenicols stability in medicated feed – development and validation of liquid chromatography method

Abstract A liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection method for the determination of florfenicol (FF) and thiamphenicol (TAP) in feeds is presented. The method comprises the extraction of analytes from the matrix with a mixture of methanol and acetonitrile, drying of the extract, and its dissolution in phosphate buffer. The analysis was performed with a gradient programme of the mobile phase composed of acetonitrile and buffer (pH = 7.3) on a Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18 (150 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) analytical column with UV (λ = 220 nm) detection. The analytical procedure has been successfully adopted and validated for quantitative determination of florfenicol and thiamphenicol in feed samples. Sensitivity, specificity, linearity, repeatability, and intralaboratory reproducibility were included in the validation. The mean recovery of amphenicols was 93.5% within the working range of 50-4000 mg/kg. Simultaneous determination of chloramphenicol, which is banned in the feed, was also included within the same procedure of FF and TAP stability studies. Storing the medicated feed at room temperature for up to one month decreased concentration in the investigated drugs even by 45%. These findings are relevant to successful provision of therapy to animals.

Determination of chloramphenicol and zeranols in pig muscle by immunoaffinity column clean-up and LC-MS/MS analysis

An immunoaffinity column clean-up and LC-MS/MS method was successfully developed for simultaneous determination of chloramphenicol, zearalanone, α-zearalanol, β-zearalanol, zearalenone, α-zearalenol and β-zearalenol in pig muscle. The sample was extracted with diethyl ether after enzymatic digestion by β-glucuronidase/sulfatase. The extracted solution was evaporated to dryness and the residue was then dissolved in 1 ml of 50% acetonitrile solution. After filtration and dilution with phosphate buffer solution (PBS), the reconstituted solution was cleaned-up with an IAC-CZ immunoaffinity column and then analysed by HPLC-MS/MS. The established method were validated by linearity (r ≥ 0.9990), precision (RSD ≥ 2.9%), average recovery (74.5–105.0%) and limit of detection (0.04–0.10 μg kg–1). The developed method is rapid, reliable, sensitive, accurate and has good applicability for real samples.

Simultaneous determination of chloramphenicol and clenbuterol in milk with hybrid chemiluminescence immunoassays

Two novel chemiluminescence immunoassays using the horseradish peroxidase (HRP)–luminol chemiluminescence system and two different enzymatic systems—HRP and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) chemiluminescence systems—were established for simultaneous detection of chloramphenicol (CAP) and clenbuterol (CLE) residues in milk. Milk samples were detected utilizing the two hybrid chemiluminescence immunoassays, with limits of detection (LODs) of 0.006 μg L−1 for CAP and 0.02 μg L−1 for CLE (Scheme 1A), 0.008 μg L−1 for CAP and 0.023 μg L−1 for CLE (Scheme 1B), respectively. The recoveries for CAP and CLE in individual and co-spiked samples were found to be between 80.0% and 96.7%. The applicability of the proposed method has been validated by determining CAP and CLE in field milk samples with satisfactory results. Thereafter, the developed hybrid chemiluminescence immunoassays can be used as reliable, rapid, and cost effective screening techniques for the simultaneous determination of CAP and CLE residues in milk.

Simultaneous Determination of Chloramphenicol, Melamine, Metronidazole, Ronidazole in Infant Milk Powder by LC-MS/MS

建立了婴幼儿配方乳粉中三聚氰胺、氯霉素、甲硝唑和洛硝达唑残留的高效液相色谱-串联四极杆质谱联用测定方法。样品经碱性乙腈提取,以MGⅢ-C18色谱柱（150 mm×2.1 mm,5!m）分离,流动相为60 mmol/L乙酸铵溶液（含0.4‰甲酸）和甲醇,梯度洗脱,流速为0.25 mL/min。采用多反应监测正离子或负离子模式,可以同时对婴幼儿配方乳粉中的三聚氰胺、氯霉素、甲硝唑和洛硝达唑进行快速定性和定量测定。在优化条件下,4种化合物检出限为0.3～50.0!g/kg,方法回收率为61.4%～96.2%,相对标准偏差（RSD）为1.8%～9.8%。采用本方法测定了多种市售婴幼儿配方奶粉。本方法操作简单、测定结果准确,可用于婴幼儿配方奶粉中三聚氰胺、氯霉素、甲硝唑和洛硝达唑残留的同时快速测定。

Simultaneous Determination of Chloramphenicol, Florfenicol, and Thiamphenicol Residues in Milk by Gas Chromatography with Electron Capture Detection

A gas chromatographic (GC) method is described for determining residues of chloramphenicol (CAP), florfenicol (FF), and thiamphenicol (TAP) in raw milk, with meta-nitrochloramphenicol (mCAP) as internal standard. Milk is extracted with acetonitrile, centrifuged, evaporated, reconstituted in water, and passed through a C18 solid-phase extraction (SPE) column. The SPE column is eluted with 60% methanol, and then the eluate is evaporated and derivatized with Sylon BFT ¿N,O-bis(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide [BSTFA]-trimethylchlorosilane [TMCS], 99 + 1¿. After derivatization, toluene is added directly to the sample, followed by water, to quench the derivatization process. After centrifugation, the organic layer is carefully removed. Analytes are determined by GC with electron capture detection (ECD). Milk was fortified with fenicols (the collective name for CAP, FF, and TAP) at 5, 10, 20, 40 and 80 ng/mL (target level = 10 ng/mL). Overall recoveries were 92, 100, and 104% for CAP, FF, and TAP, respectively. Overall interassay (between-day) variabilities were 6.1, 6.7, and 6.0% for CAP, FF, and TAP, respectively. Raw milk samples containing incurred residues of FF were also analyzed.

Simultaneous determination of chloramphenicol and chloramphenicol succinate in plasma using high-performance liquid chromatography

Simultaneous determination of chloramphenicol and chloramphenicol succinate in plasma using high-performance liquid chromatography

Simultaneous determination of chloramphenicol and its succinate ester by high-performance liquid chromatography

Simultaneous determination of chloramphenicol and its succinate ester by high-performance liquid chromatography