Simultaneous Determination Of Berberine Research Articles

Simultaneous determination of berberine and palmatine in human plasma and in urine by capillary electrophoresis combined with polypropylene hollow fiber liquid–liquid–liquid microextraction

A new assay is described for the determination of alkaloids using capillary electrophoresis combined with polypropylene hollow fiber liquid–liquid–liquid microextraction.

The simultaneous determination of berberine, palmatine, coptisine, epiberberine and jatrorrhizine in rat plasma by LC-MS/MS and a pharmacokinetic comparison after the oral administration of Rhizoma coptidis and Jiao-Tai-Wan extract

A rapid and sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed to simultaneously determine berberine, palmatine, coptisine, epiberberine and jatrorrhizine in rat plasma, using tetrahydropalmatine as an internal standard. The separation of the five compounds was carried out on a C18 column using a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and water (containing 5 mmol ammonium acetate adjusted to pH 5.0 with formic acid). The detection was performed in the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode via the electrospray ionization (ESI) source operating in the positive ionization mode. Linear calibration curves were obtained over the concentration range of 0.20–200.0 ng ml−1 for berberine, and 0.20–100.0 ng ml−1 for palmatine, coptisine, epiberberine and jatrorrhizine. The accuracy, precision and extraction recovery of the five analytes were all satisfactory. The validated method was successfully applied to study the pharmacokinetic differences of the five protoberberine-type alkaloids after the oral administration of Rhizoma coptidis (RC) and Jiao-Tai-Wan (JTW) extract. It was found that the Tmax values of the five ingredients in the JTW extract were significantly increased (P < 0.05) when compared with those in RC. In addition, the AUC0–t of palmatine, coptisine and epiberberine were significantly increased (P < 0.05).

Simultaneous Determination of Berberine and Evodiamine in Dog Plasma by LC-ESI-MS Method and Its Application to Pharmacokinetics

A simple, specific, and sensitive method is developed for quantitation of berberine and evodiamine in dog plasma using HPLC―MS―MS. The plasma samples were prepared by a single-step protein precipitation with methanol―acetonitrile (2:1,v/v). This method was validated on a Shim-pack ODS (4.6 μm, 150 mm x 2.0 mm i.d., Shimadzu) column with isocratic mobile consisting of water (containing 0.1 % formic acid)―methanol (15:85,v/v), at a flow rate of 0.45 mL/min. The ion transitions recorded in selective reaction monitoring mode were m/z 336→320 for berberine, m/z 304→134 for evodiamine, and m/z 172→128 for metronidazole (IS), respectively. The RSD of the assay intra- and inter-day precision was less than 12.4% and the accuracy exceeded 89%. A linear dynamic range of 0.2―20 ng/mL was established with limit of quantitation of 0.2 ng/mL. Stability studies were carried out at different storage conditions proving analytes to be stable. The assay was successfully applied to determine the pharmacokinetic profiles after an oral administration of rhizoma coptidis―evodia rutaecarpa herb couple.

Simultaneous determination of berberine, palmatine, matrine, catechin and baicalin in Funing Shuan by micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry

A method for the simultaneous determination of berberine, palmatine, matrine, catechin and baicalin in Funing Shuan was established using micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (MEKC-ESI MS). The compounds were separated on an uncoated capillary (80 cm x 50 microm) with the operating voltage of 25 kV and the running buffer of 40 mmol/L lauric acid-100 mmol/L ammonia mixture containing 25% acetonitrile (pH 9.5). The baseline separation of the five compounds was achieved within 16 min with a satisfactory repeatability and sensitivity. The solution of 50% 2-propanol/water solution (containing 3 mmol/L acetic acid) was used as the sheath liquid for the ESI MS analysis. The results showed that the linear ranges for berberine, palmatine, matrine, catechin and baicalin were 0.03 - 15, 0.05 - 15, 0.2 - 250, 1.5 - 300 and 2.0 - 500 mg/L, respectively, and the detection limits were 0.01, 0.02, 0.05, 0.5 and 0.6 mg/L, respectively. The average recoveries of the five components were between 94.0% - 104.0% with the relative standard deviations (RSDs) of 0.3% - 3.2%. The developed method is simple, rapid, and accurate, and it is suitable for the routine analysis of the five effective components in Funing Shuan.

Simultaneous determination of the five alkaloids in &lt;I&gt;Rhizoma Coptidis&lt;/I&gt; by nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis

A method for the simultaneous determination of berberine, palmatine, jatrorrhizine, magnoflorine and coptisine from Rhizoma Coptidis samples based on the nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis (NACE) mode has been developed. The effects of several important factors, such as nonaqueous solvents, running buffer system and its concentration and pH, separation voltage, temperature and detection wavelength, were investigated to acquire the optimum conditions. The optimum conditions for the separation were as follows: the selected running buffer was a methanol solution (pH 5.8) containing 40 mmol/L sodium acetate and 40 mmol/L ammonium acetate; the separation voltage was 25 kV; detection wavelength was set at 254 nm; the sample was injected at 5 kPa x 6 s and the column temperature was maintained at 20 degrees C. The analytes can be obtained good baseline resolutions in a 64.5 cm x 75 microm capillary (56 cm of effective length) within 20 min. The average recoveries of the established method were between 98.37% and 101.03%. The method is simple, accurate and reproducible, and can be used for the quality control analysis of Rhizoma Coptidis.

Preliminary study to investigate dynamic extract process of HuanglianJiedu Tang and the mechanism of subsidence produce

To study the phenomenon of subsidence emergence in the process of Huanglian Jiedu Tang decoction extraction, and the mechanism of subsidence emergence. UV was applied to determine the concentration of total alkaloids and total flavones; Simultaneous determination of berberine, jatrorrhizine, palmatine, baicalin and geniposide were carried out by HPLC; The solid holdup and precipitation rate were calculated by the formula. The relativity among these parameters was analyzed by the SPSS software program. The contains of berberine, jatrorrhizine, palmatine in total alkaloids showed a good correlation with total alkaloids. The correlation between baicalin and total flavones was lower than that between geniposide and total flavones. Compared to precipitation rate, solided hold up shows a larger relevance with index component With the change of time, the total alkaloids represented by berberine alkaloids and baicalin at a certain concentration can be regarded as the equilibrium point, or one generated by the critical point of precipitation, the reaction can generate "sediments"; because "precipitation objects" generated, reducing the concentration of the above-mentioned components, destroy the" balance". The relevant components of herbal medicine increased dissolution rate, at the same time might partly dissolved sediment, reaching a new equilibrium state.

Simultaneous Determination of Berberine and Palmatine in Rabbit Plasma by LC-MS–MS and Its Application in Pharmacokinetic Study After Oral Administration of Coptidis and Coptidis–Gardeniae Couple Extract

A valid and sensitive LC-MS–MS method is adopted for pharmacokinetics study of berberine and palmatine in rabbit plasma. After mixing with internal standard tetrahydroberberine, plasma samples were pretreated with 1.5 mL acetonitrile. Chromatographic separation was on a C18 column using a mixture of water (containing 10 mmol L−1 ammonium acetate, pH 3.5) and acetonitrile (50∶50, v/v) as mobile phase. The detection was performed by selected ion monitoring mode via electrospray ionization source operating in the positive ionization mode. The method was linear over the concentration range of 2.0–200.0 ng mL−1 for berberine and 1.0–100.0 ng mL−1 for palmatine. The lowest limits of quantitation (LLOQ) were 2.0 ng mL−1 for berberine and 1.0 ng mL−1 for palmatine. The intra- and inter-day precision values were less than 14.3% and the deviations were within ±11.0%. The fully validated LC-MS–MS method has been successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study of berberine, palmatine in rabbit plasma after oral administration of Coptidis and coptidis–gardeniae couple extract. The results indicated that the plasma profiles of the two compounds in rabbit confirmed to one-compartment open model and the combinational utilization with Gardeniae could increase the bioavailability of berberine and palmatine, the two major active components of Coptidis.

Simultaneous determination of berberine, palmatine and jatrorrhizine by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry in rat plasma and its application in a pharmacokinetic study after oral administration of coptis–evodia herb couple

A rapid and sensitive liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) method was developed to simultaneously determine berberine, palmatine and jatrorrhizine in rat plasma. After mixing with the internal standard (IS) tetrahydropalmatine, plasma samples were pretreated by protein precipitation with acetonitrile–methanol (1:2, v/v). Chromatographic separation was carried out on a C18 column using a mixture of water (containing 0.1% formic acid) and acetonitrile (30:70, v/v) as mobile phase. The detection was performed by selected reaction monitoring (SRM) mode via electrospray ionization (ESI) source operating in the positive ionization mode. The method was linear over the concentration range of 1.0–250.0 ng/mL for all components. The intra- and inter-day precision values were less than 14.6% and the deviations were within ±4.0%. The fully validated LC–MS/MS method has been successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study of berberine, palmatine and jatrorrhizine in rat plasma after oral administration of coptis–evodia herb couple. Three peaks were observed in both individual and mean plasma–concentration curves of berberine, palmatine and jatrorrhizine, which may be attributed to distribution re-absorption and enterohepatic circulation.

Simultaneous determination of berberine and palmatine in rat plasma by HPLC–ESI-MS after oral administration of traditional Chinese medicinal preparation Huang-Lian-Jie-Du decoction and the pharmacokinetic application of the method

A sensitive and specific liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (LC–ESI-MS) method has been developed and validated for the identification and quantification of berberine and palmatine in rat plasma. After the addition of the internal standard (IS) and alkalization with 0.5 M sodium hydroxide solution, plasma samples were extracted by ethyl ether and separated by HPLC on a Shim-pack ODS (4.6 μm, 150 mm × 2.0 mm i.d.) column using a mobile phase composed of A (0.08% formic acid and 2 mmol/l ammonium acetate) and B (acetonitrile) with linear gradient elution. Analysis was performed on a Shimadzu LC/MS-2010A in selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode with a positive electrospray ionization (ESI) interface. [M] + = 336 for berberine; 352 for palmatine and [M + H] + = 340 for IS were selected as detecting ions, respectively. The method was validated over the concentration range of 0.31–20 ng/ml for berberine and palmatine. Inter- and intra-CV precision (R.S.D.%) were all within 15% and accuracy (%bias) ranged from −5 to 5%. The lower limits of quantification were 0.31 ng/ml for both analytes. The extraction recovery was on average 68.6% for berberine, 64.2% for palmatine. The validated method was used to study the pharmacokinetic profile of berberine and palmatine in rat plasma after oral administration of Huang-Lian-Jie-Du decoction.

Simultaneous determination of berberine in rat blood, liver and bile using microdialysis coupled to high-performance liquid chromatography

High-performance liquid chromatography coupled to microdialysis was used for the simultaneous determination of unbound berberine in rat blood, liver and bile for a pharmacokinetic study. Microdialysis probes were simultaneously inserted into the jugular vein toward the right atrium, the median lobe of the liver, and the bile duct of male Sprague–Dawley rats for biological fluid sampling after administration of berberine (10 mg/kg) through the femoral vein. Berberine and dialysates were separated using a Zorbax SB-phenyl column and a mobile phase comprised of acetonitrile–methanol–20 m M monosodium phosphate (pH 3.0) (35:20:45, v/v) together with 0.1 m M 1-octanesulfonic acid. The detection limit for berberine was 10 ng/ml. The concentration–response relationship was linear ( r 2>0.995) over the concentration range 0.05–50 μg/ml; intra-assay and inter-assay precision and accuracy for berberine fell within predefined limits. The disposition of berberine in the blood, liver and bile fluid suggests that berberine might be metabolized in the liver and undergo hepatobiliary excretion.