Simultaneous Detection Of Acetaminophen Research Articles

Multi-walled carbon nanotubes/carbon black/rPLA for high-performance conductive additive manufacturing filament and the simultaneous detection of acetaminophen and phenylephrine

The combination of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) and carbon black (CB) is presented to produce a high-performance electrically conductive recycled additive manufacturing filament. The filament and subsequent additively manufactured electrodes were characterised by TGA, XPS, Raman, and SEM and showed excellent low-temperature flexibility. The MWCNT/CB filament exhibited an improved electrochemical performance compared to an identical in-house produced bespoke filament using only CB. A heterogeneous electrochemical rate constant, kobs0\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$${k}_{obs}^0$$\\end{document} of 1.71 (± 0.19) × 10−3 cm s−1 was obtained, showing an almost six times improvement over the commonly used commercial conductive CB/PLA. The filament was successfully tested for the simultaneous determination of acetaminophen and phenylephrine, producing linear ranges of 5–60 and 5–200 μM, sensitivities of 0.05 μA μM−1 and 0.14 μA μM−1, and limits of detection of 0.04 μM and 0.38 μM, respectively. A print-at-home device is presented where a removable lid comprised of rPLA can be placed onto a drinking vessel and the working, counter, and reference components made from our bespoke MWCNT/CB filament. The print-at-home device was successfully used to determine both compounds within real pharmaceutical products, with recoveries between 87 and 120% over a range of three real samples. This work paves the way for fabricating new highly conductive filaments using a combination of carbon materials with different morphologies and physicochemical properties and their application to produce additively manufactured electrodes with greatly improved electrochemical performance.Graphical abstract

Bio-synthesized copper nanoparticle decorated multiwall carbon nanotube-nanocellulose nanocomposite: An electrochemical sensor for the simultaneous detection of acetaminophen and diclofenac sodium

The present work reported the electrochemical detection of acetaminophen (ACOP) and diclofenac sodium (DS), using a nanocomposite of nanocellulose (NC), functionalized multiwall carbon nanotubes (fMWCNTs) and bio-synthesized copper nanoparticle (CuN) (NC-fMWCNT-CuN/GCE) prepared from ultrasonication and drop-casting methods. The bio-synthesized CuN was prepared for the first time using green tea leaves extract as the reducing and stabilizing agent. Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis were used to characterize the morphological and structural properties of NC-fMWCNT-CuN nanocomposite. The simultaneous determination of ACOP and DS was performed using squarewave voltammetric (SWV) technique. The modified electrode revealed great potential with high selectivity, sensitivity, repeatability, reproducibility and stability with a broad linear range of 0.01–80 µM for ACOP and 0.05–80 µM for DS, and a detection limit of 0.00014 µM for ACOP and 0.00048 µM for DS. The developed sensor showed high sensitivity of 13.85 µA µM−1 cm−2 and 4.142 2 µA µM−1 cm−2 for the detection of ACOP and DS, respectively. The good recoveries and low RSDs demonstrated the possibility of application of the sensor for real sample detection. Therefore, NC-fMWCNT-CuN/GCE sensor showed excellent electrochemical performance in the simultaneous detection of ACOP and DS and a promising sensing platform for the detection of ACOP and DS in pharmaceutical formulation and human blood serum.

Simultaneous detection of acetaminophen, catechol and hydroquinone using a graphene-assisted electrochemical sensor.

Simple, rapid and sensitive analysis of drug-derived pollutants is critically valuable for environmental monitoring. Here, taking acetaminophen, hydroquinone and catechol as a study example, a sensor based on an ITO/APTES/r-GO@Au electrode was developed for separate and simultaneous determination of phenolic pollutants. ITO electrodes that are modified with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES), graphene (GO) and Au nanoparticles (Au NPs) can significantly enhance the electronic transport of phenolic pollutants at the electrode surface. The redox mechanisms of phenolic pollutants include the electron transfer with the enhancement of r-GO@Au. The modified ITO electrode exhibits excellent electrical properties to phenolic pollutants and a good linear relationship between ECL intensity and the concentration of phenolic pollutants, with a limit of detection of 0.82, 1.41 and 1.95 μM, respectively. The separate and simultaneous determination of AP, CC and HQ is feasible with the ITO/APTES/r-GO@Au electrode. The sensor shows great promise as a low-lost, sensitive, and rapid method for simultaneous determination of drug-derived pollutants.

A Carbon Paste Electrode Modified by Graphene Oxide/Fe3O4@SiO2/Ionic Liquid Nanocomposite for Voltammetric Determination of Acetaminophen in the Presence of Tyrosine

Herein, we introduce a novel modification process for carbon paste electrode by magnetic core–shell nanocomposite of graphene oxide/Fe3O4@SiO2 and n-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluoro phosphate as ionic liquid. Electrochemical features of this modified carbon paste electrode and its performance evaluation in simultaneous detection of acetaminophen and tyrosine via voltammetric oxidation was investigated. Moreover, diagnostic techniques including cyclic voltammetry, square wave voltammetry and chronoamperometry were applied in order to study the electrochemical oxidation behavior of this sensor toward acetaminophen. According to square wave voltammetry results, linear dynamic range between 1.0 × 10–6–1.0 × 10–3 M was observed for acetaminophen. The function of modified electrode in real samples containing acetaminophen and tyrosine was satisfactory.

Simultaneous detection of acetaminophen and 4-aminophenol with an electrochemical sensor based on silver-palladium bimetal nanoparticles and reduced graphene oxide.

In this paper, Ag–Pd bimetallic nanoparticles uniformly distributed on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) were synthesized by redox reaction between Pd2+, Ag+and GO, and were characterized by X-ray diffractometry, field emission scanning electron microscopy, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and thermal gravimetric analyses. A novel electrochemical sensor was constructed based on these nanocomposites using glassy carbon as a substrate. Under optimal conditions, the linear ranges were 0.50–300.00 μM for PA and 1.00–300.00 μM for 4-AP, with the detection limits of 0.23 μM for PA and 0.013 μM for 4-AP, respectively. This sensor was successfully applied to the determination of PA in pharmaceutical formulations and gave satisfactory results with a lower detection limit, wider linear range and good reproducibility.

Facile green synthesis of graphene–titanium nitride hybrid nanostructure for the simultaneous determination of acetaminophen and 4-aminophenol

We demonstrate herein a newly developed electrochemical sensor base on the reduced graphene oxide–titanium nitride (RGO–TiN) nanohybrid. The nanohybrid was prepared by mixing the TiN nanoparticles and GO dispersion and then treating with glucose and Zn foils. The morphologies and microstructures of the as-prepared nanohybrid were characterized by UV–vis absorption spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The as-prepared RGO–TiN nanohybrid exhibited excellent electrocatalytic activity toward the simultaneous detection of acetaminophen (ACOP) and 4-aminophenol (4-AP). As a result, the linear detection ranges were 0.06–660μM for ACOP and 0.05–520μM for 4-AP, respectively, with the low detection limits of 0.02μM for ACOP and 0.013μM for 4-AP. Based on the excellent performance, it was demonstrated that the prepared RGO–TiN nanohybrid was a promising candidate for advanced electrode material in electrochemical sensing field and the as-prepared RGO–TiN nanohybrid may find more applications for the detection of various analytes.