Simple Form Research Articles

A generalisation of Läuchli's lemma

AbstractLäuchli showed in the absence of the Axiom of Choice () that and, consequently, for all infinite cardinals , where and are the cardinalities of the set of finite subsets and the power set, respectively, of a set which is of cardinality . In this article, we give a generalisation of a simple form of Läuchli's lemma from which several results can be obtained. That is, in the latter equation can be replaced by other cardinals which are equal to in but not in , for example, and , the cardinalities of the set of permutations and the set of partitions, respectively, of a set which is of cardinality .

KREATIVITAS PESERTA DIDIK DALAM PEMANFAATAN BARANG BEKAS SEBAGAI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN ALAM (IPA) DI SD INPRES WATUBOSE

This research was motivated by the creativity of students in using used goods as a medium for learning Natural Sciences (Science) at SD Inpres Watubose. This research starts from the problem of how students are creative in using used goods in science learning and what types of creativity are produced through the use of used goods as a science learning medium at SD Inpres Watubose. This research uses a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques through observation, interviews and documentation. The data analysis technique used is by analyzing data in the form of qualitative data and then interpreting it using an inductive mindset, namely a way of thinking that starts from specific facts, concrete events from research, then drawing generalizations through general characteristics. And the presentation of the data used is to present the data that has been collected in a simpler form. From the results of this research it was found that: 1) implementing activities to utilize used goods as a learning medium at SD Inpres Watubose can foster creativity in students and students can manage used goods so that they can be reused 2) In activities utilizing used goods carried out in schools there are Several types of learning media are produced through students' creativity, including: human breathing apparatus, hand joint movement props and sound sources. All learning media are made by reusing used goods.

Internalisasi Nilai-Nilai Karakter Keislaman Dari Qs Al Hujurat Ayat 11-12 Dalam Menghadapi Fenomena Hate speech Di Lingkungan Pergaulan Peserta Didik

The verses of Qur’an, which are the way of life for a Muslim, teach the rules for communicating in relationships. In the midst of the flow of digital communication and the shift in Islamic and national character values that we are currently facing, language styles and ways of communicating between individuals have deviated from what they should be. The aim of this research is to conduct a literature review related to instilling character values based on QS. Al Hujurat verses 11-12 in dealing with the phenomenon of hate speech in students' social environment. The research method used is a literature review. Data was obtained by collecting various research articles that have similar research interests. The results of this research show that the phenomenon of hate speech or hate speech in simple form among students can be prevented by instilling character values based on QS. Al Hujurat verses 11-12 so as to minimize disputes between students.

Efficient fidelity estimation: Alternative derivation and related applications

Abstract In [Phys. Rev. A 107, 012427 (2023)], A. J. Baldwin and J. A. Jones proved that Uhlmann-Jozsa's fidelity between two quantum states ρ and σ, i.e., F(ρ,σ)~:=~(Tr(ρ1/2σ ρ1/2)1/2)2, can be written in a simplified form as F(ρ,σ) = (Tr(ρσ)1/2)2. In this article, we give an alternative proof of this result, using a function power series expansion and the properties of the trace function. Our approach not only reinforces the validity of the simplified expression but also facilitates the exploration of novel dissimilarity functions for quantum states and more complex trace functions of a density operator.

Unified Understanding of the Structure, Thermodynamics, and Diffusion of Single-Chain Nanoparticle Fluids.

Single-chain nanoparticles (SCNPs) are a fascinating class of soft nano-objects with promising properties and relevance to protein condensates, polymer nanocomposites, nanomedicine, bioimaging, catalysis, and drug delivery. We combine molecular dynamics simulations and equilibrium and time-dependent statistical mechanical theory to construct a unified understanding of how the internal conformational structure of SCNPs, of both a simple fractal globule-like form and more complex objects with multiple internal intermediate length scales, determines nm-scale intermolecular packing correlations, thermodynamic properties, and center-of-mass diffusion over a wide range of concentrations up to dense melts. The intermolecular pair correlations generically exhibit a distinctive deep correlation hole form due to SCNP internal connectivity structure and repulsive interparticle interactions associated with a globular-like conformation on the macromolecular scale, with concentration-dependent deviations at small separations. Unanticipated exponential-like dependences of the equation-of-state, osmotic compressibility, and center-of-mass diffusion constant on SCNP macromolecular packing fraction are theoretically predicted and confirmed via simulations. System-specific behaviors are found associated with SCNP internal structure, but overarching regularities are identified and understood based on a generalized effective globule conformation on macromolecular scales. Diffusivity slows down by 2-3 decades with increasing concentration and is understood as a consequence of a nonactivated excluded volume-driven weak-caging process associated with space-time correlated intermolecular forces experienced by the SCNP. Good agreement between the theory and simulations is established, testable predictions are made, and a quantitative comparison with viscosity measurements on a specific SCNP fluid is carried out. The basic theoretical approach can potentially be extended to treat the chemical and physical consequences of varying the structure of other classes of soft nanoparticles with distinctive internal nanoscale organization relevant in nanotechnology and nanomedicine, and the possible emergence of macromolecular kinetically arrested glasses.

Analysis of Conversational Implicature in The Legend of Zhen Huan from Perspectives of Cooperative Principle and Politeness Principle

In our daily lives, understanding and using language is an art. We not only are supposed to know its surface meaning, but also understand its implicature. The successful use of language will yield twice the result with half the effort. The dialogue of characters in TV dramas is an important manifestation of language. The simple form and rich language style of The Legend of Zhen Huan is one of the important factors for the show to become the pinnacle of harem-themed TV dramas in China in past years. The cooperative principle and politeness principle in pragmatics are important theoretical foundations for character analysis. This paper takes a number of specific dialogues in The Legend of Zhen Huan as examples, according to the backgrounds of the plots, combined with the classic theory of pragmatics, analyzes 10 examples selected from the TV series of The Legend of Zhen Huan, attempts to reveal how and when characters obeys and violates CP and PP, and experiences its unique linguistic charm.

The research on the effect of dynamic tilt variation on the phase of cold atomic gravimeter

In recent years, absolute gravity comparison experiments between cold atomic gravimeter and traditional gravimeter have been carried out by combining cold atomic gravimeter with stable platform. Due to the working characteristics of the stable platform, the tilt angle of the cold atomic gravimeter will change slightly in the process of dynamic measurement, and the measurement noise will be introduced. In order to improve the accuracy of dynamic measurement, this paper first analyzes the trajectory of the mirror and atom in the atomic gravimeter combined with carrier motion information, obtains the phase expression of the atomic interferometer using the translation and rotation matrix, evaluates the main terms of the gravity deviation using the 20-min navigation data on the ship in the South China Sea, and simplifies the higher-order small-terms in the main terms to deduce the simplified form of the gravity deviation. Then, the Fourier transform is used to transform the simplified expression into the power spectrum expression of phase noise, the corresponding noise sensitivity function is used in the form of trigonometric. The 20-min data is divided into 10 intervals, the root-mean-square (RMS) value of the overall gravity deviation is 1.5–3 mGal using the power spectrum of the platform angle, angular velocity and carrier acceleration in each interval. The variation fluctuation of the RMS value is consistent with the fluctuation of solving the gravity deviation through the trajectory. The conclusion provides the calculation method of gravity noise caused by dynamic tilt change and horizontal acceleration, and also provides the basis for platform design.

Oceanic Shallow-Water Investigations on a Variable-Coefficient Davey–Stewartson System

In this paper, a variable-coefficient Davey–Stewartson (vcDS) system is investigated for modeling the evolution of a two-dimensional wave-packet on water of finite depth in inhomogeneous media or nonuniform boundaries, which is where its novelty lies. The Painlevé integrability is tested by the method of Weiss, Tabor, and Carnevale (WTC) with the simplified form of Krustal. The rational solutions are derived by the Hirota bilinear method, where the formulae of the solutions are represented in terms of determinants. Furthermore the fundamental rogue wave solutions are obtained under certain parameter restrains in rational solutions. Finally the physical characteristics of the influences of the coefficient parameters on the solutions are discussed graphically. These rogue wave solutions have comprehensive implications for two-dimensional surface water waves in the ocean.

Dark matter reconstruction from stellar orbits in the Galactic centre

Context. Current constraints on distributed matter in the innermost Galactic centre (such as a cluster of faint stars and stellar remnants, dark matter, or a combination thereof) based on the orbital dynamics of the visible stars closest to the central black hole typically assume simple functional forms for the distributions. Aims. We aim to take a general model-agnostic approach in which the form of the distribution is not constrained by prior assumptions on the physical composition of the matter. This approach yields unbiased, entirely observation-driven fits for the matter distribution and places constraints on our ability to discriminate between different density profiles (and consequently between physical compositions) of the distributed matter. Methods. We constructed a spherical shell model with the flexibility to fit a wide variety of physically reasonable density profiles by modelling the distribution as a series of concentric mass shells. We tested this approach in an analysis of mock observations of the star S2. Results. For a sufficiently large and precise data set, we find that it is possible to discriminate among several physically motivated density profiles. However, for data coming from current and expected next generation observational instruments, the potential for profile distinction will remain limited by the precision of the instruments. Future observations will still be able to constrain the overall enclosed distributed mass within the apocentre of the probing orbit in an unbiased manner. We interpret this in the theoretical context of constraining the secular versus non-secular orbital dynamics. Conclusions. Our results show that while stellar data over multiple orbits of currently known stars will eventually yield model-agnostic constraints for the overall amount of distributed matter within the probe’s apocentre in the innermost Galactic centre, an unbiased model distinction made by determining the radial density profile of the distribution is, in principle, out of the measurement accuracy of the current and next-generation instruments. Constraints on dark matter models will therefore remain subject to model assumptions and will not be able to significantly downsize the zoo of candidate models.

Students' Thinking Literacy Process in Mathematical Problem-Solving

This study explores and investigates the process of students’ mathematical thinking literacy in solving mathematical problems. This qualitative descriptive research used a test sheet consisting of one item adapted from the PISA mathematical problem model and interview guidelines, as the instrument. One male and two female participants were selected based on problem-solving characteristics. After that, task-based interviews were carried out to investigate the process of students’ mathematical thinking literacy. Data analysis was initiated by reviewing, reducing, and concluding all collected data to describe students’ mathematical thinking literacy in solving mathematical problems. The findings suggest that mathematical thinking literacy is initiated by understanding the problem (understanding), presenting the problem in a simpler form (specializing) to represent ideas, and creating patterns or relationships (generalizing). Based on the relationship between the problem, the subject predicts a solution (conjecturing) or determines the solution to the problem, re-checks (justifying) the problem-solving process to find a logical final result, and communicates the reasons (convincing) to convince the truth of the results obtained. The results of this study help teachers understand the process of students’ mathematical thinking literacy in solving mathematical problems so that it can be used to determine the appropriate strategy in the learning process to improve students' mathematical problem-solving abilities

System-bath correlations and finite-time operation enhance the efficiency of a dissipative quantum battery

The reduced state of a small system strongly coupled to a thermal bath may be athermal and used as a small battery once disconnected. The unitarily extractable energy (a.k.a. ergotropy) will be negligible if the disconnecting process is too slow. To study the efficiency of this battery, we consider the cycle of disconnecting, extracting, and connecting the battery back to the bath. Efficiency, i.e. the ratio between ergotropy and connecting plus disconnecting work, is a function of disconnecting time. We consider the Caldeira–Leggett model of a quantum battery in two scenarios. In the first scenario, we assume that the discharged battery is uncorrelated to the bath when connecting back and find that the efficiency peaks at an optimal disconnecting time. In the second scenario, the discharged battery is correlated to the bath, and see that the optimal efficiency corresponds to an instantaneous disconnection. On top of these results, we analyze various thermodynamic quantities for these Caldeira–Leggett quantum batteries and express the first and second laws of thermodynamics for the cycles in simple form despite the system-bath initial correlations and strong coupling regime of the working device.

Micro-jetting: Areal density calculation from a triangular groove

We present a method for calculating the mass ejected during the reflection of a shock wave on a triangular groove. This calculation is based on the combination of two models taken from the literature, BMPT-2, on the one hand, for the calculation of the velocity and density of the jet, and fragmentation zone propagation (FZP ) on the other hand, for the calculation of the ejected mass, certain parameters required for FZP being determined by BMPT-2. Compared with previous work, FZP has been extended to deal with the various stages of jet formation. The approach was first evaluated on tin using a large-scale molecular dynamics simulation. This first step validated the overall phenomenology and the associated theoretical tools, and enabled us to propose a procedure for adjusting FZP. Next, we used the BMPT-2/FZP combination to analyze ejected mass measurement experiments using Asay foil. The areal mass curves are well reproduced with few parameters, showing that there is no inconsistency between BMPT-2/FZP and the experiments. Finally, a more detailed analysis of the results obtained enables us to set the limits of the jet thickness at the moment of rupture, and to propose a simple analytical form of its profile compatible with the model used.

Process evaluation of the implementation of the ABC method, an intervention for nurses dealing with challenging behaviour of patients with brain injury

BackgroundIntroducing new working methods is common in healthcare organisations. However, implementation of a new method is often suboptimal. This reduces the effectiveness of the innovation and has several other negative effects, for example on staff turnover. The aim of the current study was to implement the ABC method in residential departments for brain injured patients and to assess the quality of the implementation process. The ABC method is a simplified form of behavioural modification based on the concept that behaviour operates on the environment and is maintained by its consequences.MethodsFour residential departments for brain injured patients introduced the ABC method sequentially as healthcare innovation using a stepped-wedge design. A systematic process evaluation of the implementation was carried out using the framework of Saunders et al. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the quantitative data; open questions were clustered.ResultsThe training of the ABC method was well executed and the nursing staff was enthusiastic and sufficiently involved. Important aspects for successful implementation had been addressed (like a detailed implementation plan and implementation meetings). However, facilitators and barriers that were noted were not addressed in a timely manner. This negatively influenced the extent to which the ABC method could be properly learned, implemented, and applied in the short and long term.ConclusionsThe most challenging part of the introduction of this new trained and introduced method in health care was clearly the implementation. To have a successful implementation serious attention is needed to tailor-made evidence-based implementation strategies based on facilitators and barriers that are identified during the implementation process. Bottlenecks in working with the ABC method have to be addressed as soon as possible. This likely requires ‘champions’ who are trained for the job, next to an organisation’s management that facilitates the multidisciplinary teams and provides clarity about policy and agreements regarding the training and implementation of the new method. The current process evaluation and the recommendations may serve as an example for the implementation of new methods in other healthcare organisations.

Societal perceptions of aquaculture: Combining scoping review and media analysis

AbstractAquaculture has been recognised for achieving multiple United Nations Sustainable Development Goals; its further growth depends on understanding, and responding to, societal perceptions in a broader context. Thus, this study aims to understand societal perceptions of aquaculture through a scoping review and media analysis. A scoping review identified 151 academic studies for inclusion in our five identified research clusters: (1) social acceptability, (2) growth and development, (3) media coverage, (4) sustainable aquaculture, and (5) consumer perceptions. Further, newspaper articles (n = 100) were sampled from the United Kingdom, Denmark, France, Spain, Turkey, and China; elsewhere all articles identified were included (Poland, 79; Hungary, 29; India, 70). The findings suggest that scientific and newspaper articles tend to present sustainability aspects in a simplified form. Key stakeholder groups include fish farming enterprises, civil society, governmental officials, scientists, and business leaders both within aquaculture value chains (retailers/wholesalers, technology industry) and outside of them (fisheries, tourism). Also, other stakeholders included the public (indigenous groups, residents, consumers). The stakeholder groups perceived aquaculture differently and depending on the circumstances and context, their perceptions ranged from positive to negative. Many factors influenced their perceptions, including aquaculture's impact on multiple sustainability dimensions, knowledge, transparency, personal interests, types, and location of aquaculture practises, regulations, experience, and sociodemographic characteristics such as age, gender, education, and income. We recommend that aquaculture practitioners focus on context‐specific multifaceted strategies—prioritising transparency, communication, and accountability—and provide essential knowledge to ensure that societal perceptions of aquaculture are based on accurate, empirical information.

The grey decision model and its application based on generalized greyness of interval grey number

PurposeIn order to solve the decision-making problem that the attributive weight and attributive value are both interval grey numbers, this paper tries to construct a multi-attribute grey decision-making model based on generalized greyness of interval grey number.Design/methodology/approachFirstly, according to the nature of the generalized gresness of interval grey number, the generalized weighted greyness distance between interval grey numbers is given, and the transformation relationship between greyness distance and real number distance is analyzed. Then according to the objective function that the square sum of generalized weighted greyness distances from the decision scheme to the best scheme and the worst scheme is the minimum, a multi-attribute grey decision-making model is constructed, and the simplified form of the model is given. Finally, the grey decision-making model proposed in this paper is applied to the evaluation of technological innovation capability of 6 provinces in China to verify the effectiveness of the model.FindingsThe results show that the grey decision-making model proposed in this paper has a strict mathematical foundation, clear physical meaning, simple calculation and easy programming. The application example shows that the grey decision model in this paper is feasible and effective. The research results not only enrich the grey system theory, but also provide a new way for the decision-making problem that the attributive weights and attributive values are interval grey numbers.Practical implicationsThe decision-making model proposed in this paper does not need to seek the optimal solution of the attributive weight and the attributive value, and can save the decision-making labor and capital investment. The model in this paper is also suitable for the decision-making problem that deals with the coexistence of interval grey numbers and real numbers.Originality/valueThe paper succeeds in realizing the multi-attribute grey decision-making model based on generalized gresness and its simplified forms, which provide a new method for grey decision analysis.

The improvement of hydrogen storage capacity via bubbles nucleated in ice-like nanotubes

The existing methods of hydrogen storage bottlenecked advancements in its commercialization on an industrial scale. Here, the hydrogen storage capacity via the hydrogen clathrate hydrate in ice Ih (HCHinIh) with the aid of nanobubbles is further improved to 3.442–3.494 wt% from the previous 3.441 wt%. These nanobubbles are designedly arranged within 0.5 mm diameter individual ice spheres which initially pack in simple cubic form, and then used to synthesize the hydrogen clathrate hydrate as does HCHinIh. The total volume of nanobubbles is adjustable by deploying their different space layouts. In addition, we propose that the bubble formation is driven by transforming the pre-melted quasi-liquid layer (PMQLL) to solid ice-like in an ice-like nanotube, which is a structure comprised of PMQLL and ice surrounding PMQLL (PMQLL-ice) analogous to a carbon nanotube-graphene sheet (CNT-GS) structure, where the interaction energy related to O–O and O–H in PMQLL-ice is 0.08–6.17 times that of C–O and C–H in the CNT-GS structure.

A general hyperelastic model for rubber-like materials incorporating strain-rate and temperature

A comprehensive hyperelastic model that precisely forecasts the mechanical characteristics of materials with rubber-like qualities is presented. This model relies on the well-established five-parameter Mooney-Rivlin model, which is then extended to incorporate strain rate dependent and temperature dependent term. To validate its accuracy, experimental data from ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) rubber materials was utilized to compare with the model prediction. Hyperelastic stress-strain curves were collected from a variety of materials that were subjected to varying temperatures and strain rates to improve the model’s applicability. Its prediction results are compared against the collected experimental data, resulting in consistent and reliable outcomes. The simplified form of the model not only establishes an effective framework for characterizing and predicting the mechanical response of materials that resemble rubber under different working conditions but makes the coding and implementation of finite element analysis easier.

Quantum beam splitter based on free charged particles.

It is well known that the beam splitter is an integral part of many classical and quantum devices. The use of beam splitters in quantum technologies is currently particularly relevant. The emergence of new types of beam splitters provides new statistical characteristics of the separated photon beam and their control and new possibilities for use in various devices. This Letter presents a new, to the best of our knowledge, type of beam splitter based on free charged particles. This type of beam splitter has all the properties of a linear beam splitter with its reflection coefficient R, transmission coefficient T, and phase shift ϕ, which are presented in a simple analytical form. This type of beam splitter has interesting application prospects.

Analytical modeling of thermoacoustic instability influences in gas turbine combustors: A detailed parameter sensitivity analysis

In this study, the effects of various system parameters on combustion instability were numerically identified through a network-based thermoacoustic model using the concept of a transfer function. The acoustic transfer function was derived from the wave equation and various conservation laws in a two-duct system consisting of a nozzle and combustion chamber that is a simplified form of a gas turbine combustor. From the current numerical approach, the major parameters affecting the system acoustics, such as the duct length, area ratio, sound speed ratio, and Mach number, as well as the inlet and outlet acoustic boundary conditions, were defined explicitly, and a method for intuitively examining their influence was presented. The gain (nf) of the flame transfer function was noted to have a complex effect in combination with factors such as temperature ratio and area ratio, and the time delay (τf) was one main dominant factor that determined the main characteristics of instability, resulting in mode transition as well as changes in frequency and growth rate of the instability.

On some series involving the binomial coefficients C(3n,n)

Using a simple transformation, we obtain much simpler forms for some series involving binomial coefficients $\binom{3n}n$ derived by Necdet Batır. New evaluations are given and connections with Fibonacci numbers and the golden ratio are established. Finally we derive some Fibonacci and Lucas series involving the reciprocals of $\binom{3n}n$.