Simple Water System Research Articles

Quantitative Calculation of Polynuclear Aluminum Content in the Forced Hydrolysis-Polymerization Course of Aluminum (III) Salt Solutions

According to the results of potentiometric titration of aluminum salt solutions under the moderate slow rate of injecting base and the three critical feature points on its titration curves, at the same time, using the self-contained Boltzmann's equation of Origin software fitting the curve, the quantitative formula of poly-aluminum content have been given. This formula can calculate conveniently the polynuclear aluminum content in the forced hydrolysis-polymerization process. The value of pattern calculation coincides with that of the Al-ferron timed spectrophotometry assay, which offers a kind of new method for studying the course and the quantitative determination of Al (III) salt solutions in simple water systems.

Evaluation on chemical neutron activation analysis for trace metals in seawater using magnesium oxide as the preconcentration agent

Attempts have been made to employ magnesium oxide as the preconcentration agent for determination of trace metal sin seawater by neutron activation analysis. Hydrous magnesium oxide can efficienthy adsorb most cationic transition metals and rare earths in a simple water system. The adsorption behavior is believed to depend mainly from the association of the cationic species of the metals with MgO 2 2− adsorbent. In seawater matrix some of the metal ions such as Hg2+, Ni2+, etc. may become inefficiently adsorbed owing to the formation of highly stable metal-chloro complexes with chloride ion. Usually the adsorption efficiencies of the metals can be recovered to be as high as the case in the simple water system if an acidified seawater (to pH≤1) is subjected to the adsorption experiment. In practice, a large volume of seawater (5 1) is stirred with a small amount of hydrous MgO (1 g). Thereafter, the trace metals adsorbed MgO is separated and taken to be neutron activated. The abundant sodium ion and ubiquitous bromide ion can be obviated by the adsorption process, thereby beneficial to the γ-spectrometry of the metals enriched on MgO.

The French Connection: Cuisine and Water Treatment

During a one‐week tour of water treatment plants in France, the author observed several small, simple water systems as well as some of the largest and most sophisticated installations in France. Cultural expectations that affect water treatment practices were of special interest, as were the professional resources provided by privatization.