Simple Additive Weighting Method Research Articles

Multi-Criteria Assessment of Timber-Based Structural Systems for a Grocery Store

To reduce the negative impact on the environment, architects, designers, and construction companies need to find and apply eco-friendly and sustainable building solutions. Due to its renewable nature and numerous advantages, timber has become an attractive substitute for steel and concrete in both residential and non-residential construction projects. However, timber application in the construction of grocery stores is a relatively new concept. The purpose of this research is to propose three alternative timber-based structural systems for a grocery store in Lithuania and to select the most efficient option based on multi-criteria decision-making methods. Three alternative glued laminated timber (glulam) structural systems—the glulam column and truss system, the glulam three-hinge frame system, and the glulam column and double-tapered beam system—were designed. The systems were evaluated against ten criteria, reflecting structural properties, cost efficiency, assembling complexity, and aesthetics. Multiple-criteria assessments by the COmplex PRoportional ASsessment (COPRAS) method and simple additive weighting (SAW) method revealed that the best-performing alternative is the glulam column and double-tapered beam system due to the lower cost of load-bearing structures, the smaller quantity of required steel details and fittings, and the highest maximum utility ratio according to serviceability limit states compared to other alternatives.

Sistem Informasi PPDB Dengan Menerapkan Metode Simple Additive Weight (SAW) Dalam Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Pemilihan Sekolah

This research proposes and implements a web-based New Student Admission Information System (PPDB) using the Simple Additive Weight (SAW) method as a decision support system for school selection. The case study was conducted at the Lidah Kulon I/464 Surabaya Elementary School. The background of this research is driven by the significant impact of information technology advancements in the education sector. Lidah Kulon I/464 Surabaya Elementary School, as an educational institution committed to achieving excellence, discipline, faith, science and technology (IPTEK), as well as environmental awareness, strives to reduce paper usage in the new student registration process by transitioning to a more efficient administrative information system. The results of the tests state that the system has succeeded in various aspects, including the use of the Certainty Factor Method, diagnosis menu, information menu, login menu, and others. The conclusion of this research is that the system has been implemented successfully, supporting the efficiency of the PPDB process, and providing easy access to users. System development recommendations for the future include flexibility without hard coding, more comprehensive user management, the development of a more advanced school selection system, more accurate entrance fee calculations, and considerations for seasonal factors and school promotions. Keyword: PPDB Information System, Simple Additive Weight (SAW), Method Student Registration, Efficiency Educational Administration

Assessing the drivers and solutions of green innovation influencing the adoption of renewable energy technologies

The degradation of the environment in China is accelerating along with economic expansion. Adoption of renewable energy technologies (RETs) is crucial for reducing the adverse impacts of economic growth on the environment and fostering sustainable development. This study attempts to identify the green innovation drivers and sub-drivers that affect the adoption of RETs in China and provide solutions for boosting their implementation. The study prioritized the drivers, sub-drivers, and strategies of green innovation by combining the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) methods. In the study, the triple bottom line (TBL) approach has been used to determine the economic, societal, and environmental driving forces. The study also suggests strategies for encouraging the use of RETs. The results of the AHP method revealed that economics is the most crucial driver, with a weight of 0.376, followed by environmental (0.332), and social (0.291) drivers. The findings of the SAW method indicated that government green innovation initiatives, consumer initiatives, and industry initiatives are the most significant strategies for deploying RETs in China. This study has important theoretical and practical ramifications for encouraging China to adopt RETs. The suggested approaches can help researchers, business professionals, and policymakers promote sustainable development in China.

AUTOMATIC WEIGHT CRITERIA FOR SAW-BASED DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM USING GRADIENT DESCENT

Modern organizations always utilize a Decision Support Systems (DSS) to have informed decision-making. The Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method is a prevalent approach used in DSS for evaluating alternatives based on specific criteria. However, the subjectivity inherent in determining criteria weights in SAW poses a significant challenge. This research introduces a new approach, combining the SAW method with Gradient Descent to automatically determine criteria weights. By doing so, it takes advantage of the similarities between SAW and linear equations. Our research shows that this method produces more accurate and unbiased criteria weights, as confirmed by the Mean Square Error (MSE) analysis. In conclusion, incorporating Gradient Descent into the Decision Support System has the potential to greatly improve its effectiveness by automating the criteria weight determination process in various decision-making scenarios, leading to more accurate and less subjective decision support in organizations.

Quintic fuzzy sets: A new class of fuzzy sets for solving multi-criteria decision-making problems under uncertainty

This study proposes a new class of fuzzy sets called Quintic Fuzzy Set (QuFS), where the sum of the fifth power of the membership degree and non-membership degree is less than or equal to one. We introduce the complement operator and basic operations on QuFS and further develop various theorems based on these fundamental set operations. We also present the standard modal operators on QuFS and discuss its elementary properties. We then define a novel score and accuracy function for ranking QuFS, as well as the Euclidean and Hamming distances between two QuFSs. A supplier selection example is presented in detail to illustrate the viability and utility of the proposed QuF-TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) method. We also present a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) problem on COVID-19 lab selection to perform a comparative analysis of QuFS with Fermatean Fuzzy Set (FFS) and Pythagorean Fuzzy Set (PFS). Furthermore, we demonstrate an existing real case study on selection of Health care waste treatment (HCWT) technique in India and perform a comparative analysis with TOPSIS, SAW (Simple Additive Weighting) and WASPAS (Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessment) MCDM methods in QuF framework. With the advent of QuFS, a decision-maker can now employ the fuzzy notion to manage complicated and uncertain human judgements. The comparative results indicate that the suggested QuF measures and QuF MCDM technique outperform other fuzzy concepts regarding effectiveness and validity. Due to the restrictive nature of the current fuzzy set theories, the decision-makers in some complex, uncertain real-life problems are not free to choose the degree of membership and non-membership of their choice. Compared to the Intuitionistic Fuzzy Set (IFS), PFS, and FFS, the QuFS developed in this study has a bigger space grade space. This feature of QuFS enables decision-makers to structure complex, uncertain circumstances with greater flexibility in terms of membership and non-membership degrees.

Integrated design of a sustainable waste management system with co-modal transportation network: A robust bi-level decision support system

Efficient waste management practices play a critical role in addressing the acute challenges of environmental protection, public health and resource conservation. A well-designed system guarantees that waste is efficiently collected, treated and disposed while minimizing negative impacts on ecosystems and human well-being. This work presents a robust bi-level decision support system to establish a sustainable waste management system using a co-modal transportation network to treat municipal solid waste timely and efficiently. Consequently, two integrated multi-objective mathematical models are developed to formulate the problem. Configuring the municipal solid waste network in the first level of the suggested decision support system, the transportation network is designed in the second level taking into account non-identical modes. The objectives are to minimize total cost and total emission in both levels, while maximization of total job creation is also addressed in the first level. Robust optimization method and weighted goal programming method are then utilized to accommodate the developed decision support system against uncertainty and multi-objectiveness, respectively. To validate the efficiency of these methods, they are assessed against possibilistic linear programming technique and Lp-metric approach with the help of simple additive weighting (SAW) method, respectively. Eventually, several numerical examples are generated based on the benchmarks given in the literature, which are then tackled using CPLEX solve to appraise the applicability and complexity of the developed methodology. The findings reveal the efficacy of the decision support system in terms of finding solutions in less than 448 s on average. Finally, sensitivity analyses are performed to draw out useful practical implications and decision aids.

Implementation of the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) Method in Selection of Students Recipients of Single Tuition Fee Assistance

Higher education in Indonesia, including at Budi Darma University, continues to be committed to creating an inclusive and equitable learning environment for all students. In line with this determination, Budi Darma University is implementing the Single Tuition Assistance (BUKT) program to support educational accessibility. Obstacles in the selection process, which is subjective and lacks a structured framework, can lead to inequality in the distribution of aid. This can result in students who should receive greater support being overlooked, while those who may need less may receive greater aid. In the BUKT selection process, there are a number of requirements that must be met, such as parents' income, PKH card ownership, completeness of documents, parents' dependents and home ownership. It is hoped that the use of a decision support system can be a solution to overcome this challenge. Decision Support Systems (DSS) integrate computer technology, mathematical models, and data to provide structured and organized support within a decision-making framework. The Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method is a multi-criteria decision making method that allows relative weighing between criteria to determine the final score for each alternative. By applying SAW in the selection of BUKT recipient students, it is hoped that more objective and data-based decisions can be obtained. The research results produced the best alternative with a value of 100.00 in the alternative with code A5 in Fitri's name, so that Fitri was declared entitled to receive single tuition assistance.

DAYA DUKUNG LINGKUNGAN HIDUP BERBASIS JASA EKOSISTEM PENYEDIA AIR DAN PANGAN DI KABUPATEN HULU SUNGAI UTARA

The population growth in Hulu Sungai Utara District has led to an unsustainable exploitation of natural resources, negatively impacting environmental quality. This study aims to analyze the environmental support of ecosystem services, specifically focusing on water and food provision in the region. The analytical method involves calculating indicative environmental support based on ecosystem services. It includes the classification of ecoregion characteristics (landscapes and natural vegetation types), land cover assessment, and the creation of service/performance maps using the Simple Additive Weighting method. The results indicate a predominance of high to very high categories in the ecosystem service of water provision, covering 71.77% of the total area. Similarly, the ecosystem service of food provision is characterized by moderate to very high categories, with the moderate category covering 30.13%, the high category covering 36.32%, and the very high category comprising 24.83% of the total area in Hulu Sungai Utara District. These findings provide crucial insights for policymakers and local communities to formulate informed strategies and policies for sustainable water and food resource management.

Sistem Identifikasi Minat dan Bakat Berbasis Multiple Intelligence dan Simple Additive Weighting

Interests and talents identification in children is generally carried out by psychologists who provide test services. But the procedures used are still manual and take a long time to get the results. In addition, the presence of psychologists is still limited and uneven in all regions of Indonesia. Therefore, in this study, a system was developed to identify children's interests and talents based on multiple intelligences which was developed by Howard Gardner with the Simple Additive Weighting method. This method is used to calculate the most dominant type of intelligence possessed by children based on a test device developed by psychologists using a Likert scale in the assessment of each question. Based on the results of testing carried out using black-box testing, it was found that all the features developed were 100% valid based on all the scenarios tested. In addition, the test results between the calculations in the application and manual with excel obtained a score of 100% valid which means that there is no significant difference between the two calculations. The output obtained from this system after the child has consulted is that the most dominant type of intelligence is obtained along with an explanation related to that intelligence, how to handle it, recommended extra-curricular activities and articles related to the type of intelligence. This application was developed with two actors, namely admin and child which was developed with the Laravel framework.

Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Dalam Mentukan Karyawan Terbaik Dengan Menggunakan Metode Simple Additive Weighting (SAW)

Increasing standards in the employee selection process by the Company's Human Resources Division has encouraged employees to continue improving their abilities. To evaluate employee performance effectively, a system is needed that can provide an objective assessment of their performance. This aims to ensure that the assessment carried out by the company on the competence and quality of employees is in accordance with existing needs. Therefore, developing a Decision Support System is very important to provide solutions and assistance to Human Resources Managers in selecting the best employees at PT. Sam Kyung Jaya Garments. The Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method was chosen as the approach used in this system. The SAW method is a method that calculates the total weight of the performance assessment for each alternative for all relevant attributes. It is hoped that the results of this system can provide useful options for the Human Resources Division in determining the best employees in the company.

Application of Simple Additive Weighting Method To Design an Employee Performance Assessment System in a National Logistics Company

This research aims to discover how an employee performance appraisal system using the website-based SAW method can help managers carry out the employee performance appraisal process. The method used in developing a web-based decision-making system is the prototype method. For data collection, two techniques were used. First, obtain the necessary information through interviews. Second, by collecting performance assessment data previously carried out manually by managers. It can be observed that the system may function effectively by performing its functions as an employee performance assessment utilizing the simple additive weighting calculation technique after creating a prototype decision-making system using the website-based simple additive weighting method. After managers have completed an evaluation, website-based solutions can combine data to make it easier to access, preserve data security, and support decision-making. The results provided yield high accuracy based on the SAW formula. This system uses the SAW calculation method so that employee performance assessments are carried out based on the percentage weight of the criteria that the manager has determined. From the requirements and results of this assessment, SAW can produce a ranking of employees with the best to worst performance. From this ranking, the manager can determine the employee with the best and worst performance, and then managers can make decisions based on that data.

An integrative approach to medical laboratory equipment risk management.

Medical Laboratory Equipment (MLE) is one of the most influential means for diagnosing a patient in healthcare facilities. The accuracy and dependability of clinical laboratory testing is essential for making disease diagnosis. A risk-reduction plan for managing MLE is presented in the study. The methodology was initially based on the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) method. Because of the drawbacks of standard FMEA implementation, a Technique for Ordering Preference by Similarity to the Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) was adopted in addition to the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method. Each piece of MLE under investigation was given a risk priority number (RPN), which in turn assigned its risk level. The equipment performance can be improved, and maintenance work can be prioritized using the generated RPN values. Moreover, five machine learning classifiers were employed to classify TOPSIS results for appropriate decision-making. The current study was conducted on 15 various hospitals in Egypt, utilizing a 150 MLE set of data from an actual laboratory, considering three different types of MLE. By applying the TOPSIS and SAW methods, new RPN values were obtained to rank the MLE risk. Because of its stability in ranking the MLE risk value compared to the conventional FMEA and SAW methods, the TOPSIS approach has been accepted. Thus, a prioritized list of MLEs was identified to make decisions related to appropriate incoming maintenance and scrapping strategies according to the guidance of machine learning classifiers.

A Hybrid Group Multi-Criteria Approach Based on SAW, TOPSIS, VIKOR, and COPRAS Methods for Complex IoT Selection Problems

The growth of Internet of Things (IoT) systems is driven by their potential to improve efficiency, enhance decision-making, and create new business opportunities across various domains. In this paper, the main selection problems in IoT-type systems, criteria used in multi-criteria evaluation, and multi-criteria methods used for solving IoT selection problems are identified. Then, a Hybrid Group Multi-Criteria Approach for solving selection problems in IoT-type systems is proposed. The approach contains the Best Worst Method (BWM) weighting method, multi-criteria Simple Additive Weighting (SAW), Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), VIseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje (VIKOR), and Complex Proportional Assessment Method (COPRAS), and a method that combines the solutions obtained using the four considered multi-criteria methods to obtain a single solution. The SAW, TOPSIS, VIKOR, and COPRAS methods were analyzed in relation to their advantages, disadvantages, inputs, outputs, measurement scale, type of normalization, aggregation method, parameters, complexity of implementation, and interactivity. An application of the Hybrid Group Multi-Criteria Approach for IoT platform selection and a comparison between the SAW, TOPSIS, VIKOR, and COPRAS solutions and the solution of the proposed approach is realized. A Spearman correlation analysis is presented.

A total distance ranking approach to fuzzy AHP-based MCDM method for selecting sustainable manufacturing facility location

Selecting a sustainable facility location is a crucial strategy for manufacturing companies to achieve long-term success in today’s competitive environment. Various quantitative and qualitative criteria with different importance in a multiple level structure must be considered and aggregated to assist the company in decision-making. How to determine these criteria weights and select the sustainable manufacturing facility locations have become research questions. To resolve this problem, this paper proposes a total distance ranking approach to fuzzy analytic hierarchical process (AHP)-based multiple criteria decision-making (MCDM) method. Currently, the membership functions of fuzzy weighted ratings in the MCDM with a multilevel structure cannot be developed. A ranking method is needed to defuzzify those fuzzy numbers used for fuzzy AHP and qualitative criteria in the MCDM for better executing decision-making procedure. The total distance ranking method related to the centroid on x-axis, centroid on y-axis and the distances of centroids point to the two tangent lines of a fuzzy number are considered in the proposed ranking approach. Formulas of the proposed approach will be presented, and some properties will be investigated to derive formulas for trapezoidal and triangular fuzzy numbers. A comparison with relevant ranking methods will be made to show the advantages of the proposed ranking approach. The proposed ranking approach is then applied to defuzzify the fuzzy numbers used in fuzzy AHP and linguistic values under qualitative criteria to obtain the criteria weights under multi-level structure and crisp values under qualitative criteria, respectively. The final scores of alternatives can be obtained by aggregating crisp criteria values and their corresponding weights by simple additive weighting method to obtain the ranking result. A numerical example will be conducted to show the effectiveness of the proposed model. Finally, a comparison with Best-Worst method (BWM) will be presented to show the persuasiveness of the proposed method.

Analysing Factors Driving Purchase and Consumption Behaviour Towards Organic Food

Personal health, food safety and environmental concerns significantly contribute to the purchase and consumption of organic food. Several countries, including India, are turning their attention to encouraging organic food farming and purchasing to comply with sustainable development goals. This research identifies and analyses the motivational factors critical to the purchase and consumption of organic food and also extends a roadmap to the food industries for sustainable growth. A list of factors driving the purchase and consumption of organic food was extracted from the literature. Fuzzy Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (Fuzzy TOPSIS), Fuzzy Simple Additive Weighting (Fuzzy SAW) and Borda method are used to prioritize the identified motivational factors followed by the sensitivity analysis to simulate dynamic various market requirements and challenges. The findings substantiate that chemical free, no artificial ingredients, good for body, healthy and awareness about health significantly influence the purchase and consumption of organic food products. To ensure sustainable production and consumption of organic food, it is vital for government policymakers, organizations involved in production, marketing and distribution of the organic food to understand and critically evaluate various factors affecting the purchase and consumption intensions of the consumers.

Optimasi Seleksi Penerima Beasiswa di Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan: Pendekatan Strategis dengan Metode Simple Additive Weighting (SAW)

This study aims to address issues in the scholarship recipient selection process at vocational high schools (SMK). The main challenge lies in the limited availability of scholarships, necessitating careful selection. The objective of this research is to implement the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method as a solution to enhance the structure, efficiency, and objectivity of the selection process. The SAW method is used as the primary approach, which involves steps such as determining criteria, assigning preference weights, and ranking alternatives. The data used includes a sample of 5 scholarship candidates from SMK N 1 Hiliran Gumanti, with criteria divided into benefits and costs. The results of the selection of scholarships demonstrate the success of SAW in providing the rankings according to predefined criteria. The conclusion of this research highlights the effectiveness of the SAW method in delivering objective rankings to scholarship candidates. The final results can help the selection team determine the best scholarship recipients. The implementation of SAW is expected to create a more structured and efficient selection system at SMK, opening opportunities for improved educational access for financially needy students.

DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM IN IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF BANJARMASIN TOURISM, GET TOUR APPLICATION USING THE SAW METHOD

Tourism is an activity that is liked by many people, even tourism is one of the important needs, especially regarding socio-economic activities which are seen as having good prospects in the future. In South Kalimantan, especially the city of Banjarmasin, there are many good tourist attractions such as the historical mosque of Sultan Suriansyah, Siring Park, Banjarmaisn City, and culinary tours of Arab villages. Of the tourist attractions that have been mentioned, tourists are still confused in determining tourist attractions because there are many places and a lack of information about tourist attractions in South Kalimantan. From this description, a Decision Support System (DSS) or Decision Support System (DSS) was created to determine tourist attractions in South Kalimantan called the Get Tour application. In addition to displaying information about tourist attractions, this application also displays information on tourist attractions in the form of a map. The results of calculations in the application are in accordance with the formula and expected results based on several criteria, namely distance, parking area, the first special criteria, the second special criteria and the third special criteria using the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method.

Validasi Dokumen Pengajuan Kredit Nasabah Menggunakan Metode Simple Additiveweighting dan Rapid Application Development

Applying for credit to purchase goods is now very easy, just attach it personal and supporting data documents, your credit application can be approved in a matter of hours. These submission documents must have valid criteria and information prospective customer data, and fast and accurate validation methods are carried out in doing so document verification and validation. The Simple Additive Weighting method is used for validating documents and verification is carried out by checking the source of the document issued. This method, out of 100 credit applications that are approved, has a level success reached 97% and only 3% of customers experienced credit problems.

Decision Support System for Selection of The Best Doctor at Ahmad Brahim Hospital Using the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) Method

The selection of the best doctors at the Ahmad Brahim hospital was not only done once, but the selection of the best health workers at the Ahmad Brahim hospital was also carried out, but the selection of the best health workers was still done manually by the health department. Therefore, to help speed up the research process, a website-based decision support system was created to select the best doctors to provide rewards with several methods that can be used. One of the methods used in making decisions is simple additive weighting (SAW) which is done by weighting each of the criteria used. Decision support website created using the PHP and MYSQL programming languages for data storage. This study has criterion 3, namely absence, attitude and diligence then have 7 alternatives, the 7 alternatives have 4 ratings 1 where the average assessment is the same as the absence score 0.45, the attitude value is 0.35 and the diligence value is 0.12 with a total value of 1 so those who get the first rank score are dr. Audi Pirade, dr. Kesatria Putra Abadi, dr. Nurfitri Rahmani Awaliyah and dr. Riska Ruswanti. Then the second rank is dr. Christi Angelia Arung Labi with an absence score of 0.45, an attitude value of 0.35 and a diligence value of 0.12 with a total of 0.92

Application of the saw method for employee selection system in the PT Pinus Merah Abadi

PT Pinus Merah Abadi is a company engaged in the sales and distribution business with a distribution network spread throughout Indonesia, both through traditional and modern channels. Currently PT Pinus Merah Abadi carries out the employee selection process on average 2 (two) times a year with a total of 50-60 job applicants. The assessment process when selecting employees uses multiple criteria, namely assessment during psychological tests, competency tests and interviews. The employee selection process still has several problems, including subjectivity in the assessment process and it takes a long time because it is done manually, resulting in the decision making process being slow. Based on these problems, research is needed as a system innovation in making decisions regarding the selection or selection of new employees at PT Pinus Merah Abadi applies a simple additive weighting method based on six criteria, namely: test, education, age, experience, readiness and expertise. As a result, this system can help make it easier for HRD to select employees based on the highest ranking results.