Silent Operations Research Articles

Optimizin Restaurant Tax Supervision In Jakarta: A Case Study Of The Tanah Abang Area

This research aims to explain the business process of supervising the restaurant tax collection in DKI Jakarta. This research also aims to provide suggestions to optimize supervising the restaurant tax collection in DKI Jakarta. The approach used in this research is a qualitative approach with descriptive methods. The data collection in this study was done using the techniques of observation, interview, and documentation study. The results of this study are an explanation of the general description of the restaurant tax collection supervision business process such as monitoring the payment of periodic restaurant tax deposits, comparison of third-party CMS data with internal restaurant taxpayer data, comparison of restaurant tax periodic deposit payment data with similar taxpayers (benchmarking), and implementation of silent operations to taxpayers business premises. This research also produced a proposal in the form of a method to optimize restaurant tax collection supervision activities in DKI Jakarta, especially in Tanah Abang area, namely by using tax data integration between central and local taxes, which is the result of cooperation between DKI Jakarta Provincial Government and the Directorate General of Taxes of the Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Indonesia. This research has several contributions, namely this research supplements the literature regarding the supervision of local tax collection, especially restaurant tax in Indonesia. In addition, the results of this study can also be used by DKI Jakarta Regional Revenue Agency (Bapenda DKI Jakarta) in the formulation of policies on the supervision of local tax collection, especially restaurant tax.

Analysis of protected species observer data: Strengths, weaknesses, and application in the assessment of marine mammal responses to seismic surveys in the northern Gulf of Mexico 2002-2015.

Visual observation data collected by protected species observers (PSOs) is required per regulations stipulated in Notices to Lessees (NTLs) and geophysical survey Permits (Form BOEM-0328) issued to seismic operators in the Gulf of Mexico (GOM). Here, data collected by certified and trained PSOs during seismic surveys conducted between 2002-2015 were compiled and analyzed to assess utility in assessing marine mammal responses to seismic noise and effectiveness of required mitigation measures. A total of 3,886 agency-required bi-weekly PSO Effort and Sightings reports were analyzed comprising 598,319 hours of PSO visual effort and 15,117 visual sighting records of marine mammals. The observed closest point of approach (CPA) distance was statistically compared across five species groupings for four airgun activity levels (full, minimum source, ramp up, silent). Whale and dolphin detections were significantly farther from airgun array locations during full power operations versus silence, indicating some avoidance response to full-power operations. Dolphin CPA distances were also significantly farther from airguns operating at minimum source than silence. Blackfish were observed significantly farther from the airgun array during ramp up versus both full and minimum source activities. Blackfish were observed significantly closer to the airgun array during silent activities versus at full, minimum source, and ramp up activities. Beaked whales had the largest mean CPA for detection distance compared to all other species groups. Detection distances for beaked whales were not significantly differences between full and silent operations; however, the sample size was very low. Overall results are consistent with other studies indicating that marine mammals may avoid exposure to airgun sounds based on observed distance from the seismic source during specified source activities. There was geographic variability in sighting rates associated with specific areas of interest within the GOM. This study demonstrates that agency required PSO reports provide a robust and useful data set applicable to impact assessments; management, policy and regulatory decision making; and qualitative input for regional scientific, stock assessment and abundance studies. However, several improvements in content and consistency would facilitate finer-scale analysis of some topics (e.g., effort associated with specific activities, observer biases, sound field estimation) and support statistical comparisons that could provide further insight into marine mammal responses and mitigation efficacy.

Observing HTI’s Da’wah Movement Following Perppu Number 2 of 2017 Concerning Community Organizations

This research was based on an academic concern regarding the dissolution of Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia (HTI) on July 19, 2017 through Perppu (Enactment of Government Regulation in Lieu of Law) Number 2 of 2017 concerning Community Organizations. This Perppu has changed the map of the HTI’s da'wah and political movements which were previously massive and dominant in various media and became silent at once. Previously known as the 411, the 212, and the 505 Muslim Movements which were led HTI people, then after the HTI dissolution, this organization seemed to be in suspended animation and vanished without a trace. Even HTI’s preaching movements on various online media under the organization’s guidance have been difficult to find. Based on this concern, the formulation of the problem in this study is as follows: first, what is the doctrine and anatomy of the HTI movement? Second, how was the HTI da’wah movement since the New Order until the issuance of Perrpu Number 2 of 2017? Third, what strategies are used by Hizbut Tahrir after the enactment of Perppu Number 2 of 2017? Fourth, what Counter Narrative reveals the HTI’s inconsistencies after the enactment of Perppu Number 2 of 2017 concerning Community Organizations? These questions will be answered qualitatively through descriptive explanation of the object being studied as behavior and an event with the main location in Indonesia with its information from actors and documents scattered in the electronic and print media, so that the data source is mostly literature and does not rule out the possible date from informants. In conclusion, the HTI movement as a da'wah and political organization will continue to exist despite being banned institutionally. Based on observation and discussion with several community leaders, HTI is continues recruiting new members, especially on public campuses which have become its hub, even though it is done with silent operations. In addition, national political contestation ahead of the 2019 presidential election is also very vulnerable to being ridden by HTI, either by continuing to spread propaganda or raise the issues of government failure in alleviating poverty, securing domestic assets, and the rule of law.

A Novel RRR-SVPWM-Based Speed Controlling Mechanism for Brushless DC Motor

Brushless DC motor (BLDCM) is a synchronous motor that contains a permanent magnet on the rotor and armature windings on the stator. It consists of the following characteristics, such as compact form, high efficient, silent operations and low maintenance. The existing BLDCM control systems have some drawbacks such as, it needs higher requirements for control algorithms, it uses more complicated electronics, it holds high noise and the initial rotor movement is not predictable. In order to overcome these issues, a new control mechanism, namely, carrier frequency rate, duty cycle ratio and pulse position range-space vector pulse width modulation (RRR-SVPWM) technique is proposed in this paper to control the speed of BLDCM. Initially, the unregulated AC from the wind turbine system is given to the input of six-legs insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) circuit for converting the unregulated AC to regulated DC. Here, the pulse generator is used to generate the pulses based on certain parameters, such as input three-phase voltage, phase current and DC voltage. Hence, the proposed RRR-SVPWM technique is applied to reduce the noise and maintain a harmonics in a controlled level by placing a high-speed switches in a circuit. Finally, the speed of the BLDCM is increased and controlled by giving an output regulated AC to the motor. The experimental results evaluate the performance of the proposed system in terms of power factor (PF), displacement PF (DPF) and total harmonic distortion (THD).

A Novel 3D Multilateration Sensor Using Distributed Ultrasonic Beacons for Indoor Navigation.

Navigation and guidance systems are a critical part of any autonomous vehicle. In this paper, a novel sensor grid using 40 KHz ultrasonic transmitters is presented for adoption in indoor 3D positioning applications. In the proposed technique, a vehicle measures the arrival time of incoming ultrasonic signals and calculates the position without broadcasting to the grid. This system allows for conducting silent or covert operations and can also be used for the simultaneous navigation of a large number of vehicles. The transmitters and receivers employed are first described. Transmission lobe patterns and receiver directionality determine the geometry of transmitter clusters. Range and accuracy of measurements dictate the number of sensors required to navigate in a given volume. Laboratory experiments were performed in which a small array of transmitters was set up and the sensor system was tested for position accuracy. The prototype system is shown to have a 1-sigma position error of about 16 cm, with errors between 7 and 11 cm in the local horizontal coordinates. This research work provides foundations for the future development of ultrasonic navigation sensors for a variety of autonomous vehicle applications.

Realizing underwater communication through magnetic induction

The majority of the work on underwater communication has mainly been based on acoustic communication. Acoustic communication faces many known problems, such as high propagation delays, very low data rates, and highly environment-dependent channel behavior. In this article, to address these shortcomings, magnetic induction is introduced as a possible communication paradigm for underwater applications. Accordingly, all research challenges in this regard are explained. Fundamentally different from the conventional underwater communication paradigm, which relies on EM, acoustic, or optical waves, the underwater MI communications rely on the time varying magnetic field to covey information between the transmitting and receiving parties. MI-based underwater communications exhibit several unique and promising features such as negligible signal propagation delay, predictable and constant channel behavior, sufficiently long communication range with high bandwidth, as well as silent and stealth underwater operations. To fully utilize the promising features of underwater MI-based communications, this article introduces the fundamentals of underwater MI communications, including the MI channel models, MI networking protocols design, and MI-based underwater localization.

FUEL CELLS FOR MOBILE APPLICATIONS

Fuel cells (FCs) are electrochemical devices, which produce electricity (and sometimes heat) without any intermediate step. These units are known for their high total and electrical efficiency, low emission levels, silent operations and scalability. There are several types of fuel cells, which operate at different temperatures, require different fuels and levels of servicing. Some of FC types can be also used for mobile applications – e.g. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV). Auxiliary Power Units (APU) or main power source is for FC vehicles. Recently, there has been a growing interest in research on mobile applications of fuel cells, both for civilian and military purposes. Several commercial companies focusing on fuel cells have been established, performing their R&D activities in their niches. In addition, there are special dedicated research funds for fuel cell and hydrogen research in countries such as USA, China, Japan, France and Germany. Moreover, the European Commission devotes funds for the fuel cell activities through a public-private partnership. This trend is predicted to continue in coming years, as fuel cells become smaller, easier and cheaper to operate and manufacture. This paper focuses on the current “state of the art” in fuel cell research, both commercial and governmental/military. In addition, some examples of mobile applications, focusing on fuel cell vehicles, spacecrafts and UAVs are presented, together with a predicted outcome for following years.

Permanent Magnet Motor Torsional Resonance Noise Reduction by Rotor Skew Phase Adjustment

Hybrid Vehicles (HEVs) and Electric Vehicles (EVs) improve the efficiency of a drive and reduce CO2 emissions by regenerative braking and operating the engine under optimum conditions. It is desirable to decrease the motor size and increase the maximum torque to minimize the driving units. For these purposes, motors employing permanent magnets have been commonly used recently. The motor driving systems of HEVs and EVs must operate over variable speed ranges of up to 1: 5. Over this large range, smooth, silent operations are desirable and important. The skew method is often adopted to ensure a smooth start and stop and silent operation by reducing the torque ripple. However, this method possibly causes noise and motor vibration. This paper describes the mechanism of torsional resonance noise and vibrations arising from the skew method and a countermeasure to decrease them by optimizing the skew phase distribution in the rotating axis.

Torsional Resonance Noise Reduction by Motor Torque Phase Adjustment

A Hybrid Vehicle (HEV) and an Electric Vehicle (EV) are some of solutions to improve efficiency of a cruse and to reduce CO2 gas by regenerative breaking and operating the engine in optimum condition. It is requested to decrease the motor size and to increase the maximum torque for minimizing the driving units. For these purposes permanent magnet applied motors have been commonly used recently. The motor driving systems of HEV or EV must operate at variable speed ranges of up to 1:5. For this large range, Silent and smooth operations are desirable and important. Skew method is often adopted to ensure smooth start and stop and silent operation by reducing the torque ripple. But it possibly causes noise and vibration of the motor. This paper describes the mechanism of torsional resonance noise and vibrations arising from the skew method and the countermeasure to decrease them.

Narratives of History, Nature, and Death at the National Memorial Cemetery of the Pacific

Punchbowl is also a site for production of stories state tells about why young men die in war. There are two distinct kinds of spaces produced at Punchbowl: burial space, occupying most of 112.5 acres with neat symmetrical rows of graves; and space of memorial, with its texts, maps, inscriptions, illustrations, instructions, and prayers.1 On surface of things, second space appears to be full of words while first is starkly silent. But orderly march of soldiers' graves inhabits a dense historical text, where narratives are written directly onto material soil,2 while signifying practices of memorial are also riddled with silences. The two textual sites are mutually constitutive of one another, producing through their interactive imagery a set of stories that pacify death, sanitize war, and enable future wars to be thought. Both memorial and cemetery are tacitly gendered spaces, where inscriptions of masculinity and femininity are hidden in plain sight/site. Tracking the often silent and hidden operations of gender3 at Punchbowl leads into an implicitly masculine space, one that is planned, controlled, disciplined, orderly. The memorial tells a monoglossic, regulated story of external danger and national victory. (The Vietnam war is omitted from story, although dead soldiers from Vietnam occupy many of graves.) The site contains no disorder, no mystery,

Moments of Danger: Race, Gender, and Memories of Empire

Moments of Danger: Race, Gender, and Memories of Empire

The Western Humanism of Willa Cather

D O N D. W A L K E R University of Utah Tke Western Humanism of Willa Cather At one point in The Song of the Lark, Fred Ottenburg remarks to Thea, “Well, I am never strong for getting up before the sun. The world looks so unfurnished.” At the time of his speaking the sun is up; the bushes, aspens, and pinons have been colored with liquid gold; the sky has become a transparent, pearly blue; Fred and Thea are having a savory breakfast of coffee and bacon. Never­ theless they are both remembering a time earlier when while the stars were still bright they entered Panther Canyon and heard a different voice. “The voice of the stream at the bottom of the gorge was hollow and threatening, much louder and deeper than it ever was by day —another voice altogether. The sullenness of the place seemed to say that the world could get on very well without people, red or white; that under the human world there was a geological world, conducting its silent, immense operations which were indif­ ferent to man.” 1 This geological world of immense silent operations, this world which underlies the landscape of literary naturalism, is suggested elsewhere in the writings of Willa Cather. One does not look for it in a writer of her particular faith, but it is nevertheless at least im­ plicitly present, a background or underground to the human world which receives her special attention. Like the discovery of a push of old igneous rock, it occasionally lengthens and darkens her sense of time, exposes for a moment at least those layers of prehistory which gripped the imaginations of London and Norris. 1 The Song of the Lark (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1932), p. 313. First published in 1915. 76 Western American Literature The wild land of O Pioneers!, a land of sombre wastes and ugly moods, seems to want “to be let alone, to preserve its own fierce strength, its peculiar savage kind of beauty, its uninterrupted moumfulness.” 2To John Bergson, after eleven long years its genius still seems unfriendly to man.3 When his daughter, Alexandra, pledges herself to it, it is perhaps the first time “since that land emerged from the waters of geologic ages” that “a human face” has been “set toward it with love.” 4 In The Song of the Lark, Ray Kennedy’s party on the road to the sandhills sees a “ghost” of those ancient waters. The desert sunlight magnifies the images of grazing heifers “to a preposterous height” and they look “like mammoths, prehistoric beasts standing solitary in the waters that for many thousands of years actually washed over that desert; —the mirage itself may be the ghost of that long-vanished sea.” 5 In Death Comes for the Archbishop, when Father Latour celebrates Mass at Acoma, he has the feeling that the Indians are antediluvian crea­ tures at the bottom of the sea. “He was on a naked rock in the desert, in the stone age, a prey to homesickness for his own kind, his own epoch, for European man and his glorious history of desire and dreams. Through all the centuries that his own part of the world had been changing like the sky at daybreak, this people had been fixed, increasing neither in numbers nor desires, rock-turtles on their rock. Something reptilian he felt here, something that had endured by immobility, a kind of life out of reach, like the crust­ aceans in their armour.” 0 And later when he puts his ear to the crack in the secret cave, he hears “a flood moving in utter blackness under ribs of antediluvian rock.” “It is terrible,” he says as he rises.7 Although Willa Cather rejected most of the assumptions of the literary naturalists, such passages in her writings clearly show her awareness of their world. In the late nineteenth century, even with Miss Cather’s fierce dedication to music and literature, she could hardly have been oblivious of other intellectual movements astir in the land. One too easily forgets that at one time in her youth sci­ ence claimed all her attention,8 that she cut...