Signs In Animals Research Articles

Translation System for Sign Language Learning

Sign language display software converts text/speech to animated sign language to support the special needs population, aiming to enhance communication comfort, health, and productivity. Advancements in technology, particularly computer systems, enable the development of innovative solutions to address the unique needs of individuals with special requirements, potentially enhancing their mental well-being. Using Python and NLP, a process has been devised to detect text and live speech, converting it into animated sign language in real-time. Blender is utilized for animation and video processing, while datasets and NLP are employed to train and convert text to animation. This project aims to cater to a diverse range of users across different countries where various sign languages are prevalent. By bridging the gap between linguistic and cultural differences, such software not only facilitates communication but also serves as an educational tool. Overall, it offers a cost-effective and widely applicable solution to promote inclusivity and accessibility.

Speech or Text to Indian Sign Language Convertor

Abstract: Sign language display is the software of converting the text/speech to animated sign language to meet the demands of the special needs population. The goal of this is to make the communication A more comfortable and to improve both health and productivity .As technology has improved, the usage of computer systems has increased, which means we can implement better ways to meet the needs that can impact the health of special needs population . So, this project could help people improve their communication. Thus, they improve their mental health .With the help of Blender, Python, SQL, and NLP, We have tried to design a process to detect text and subsequently the live speech , which can converted to animated sign language in real time. For the entire process, I used Blender for animation and video processing and SQL and NLP to determine the different words and text to by training the dataset and for text to animation conversion .Therefore, this project could to meet the needs of many people .The number of different countries use different sign language even same countries that are multilingual use a different system which meets the social and cultural standards of their countries. As such there is a wide disparity in many countries for digital sign language But, Software such as our could be helpful to bridge the gap between such discrepancies and be useful not just for acting as a tool for communication but also as tool use to teach . In conclusion , it is very cost effective and widely applicable

Natural synthesis of productive forms from structured descriptions of sign language

Natural animation of sign language directly from linguistic descriptions continues to be a challenge especially in cases where the forms involved are more productive, such as geometric depictions. Prior work laid the foundation for natural sign language synthesis with the Paula animation system directly from AZee linguistic descriptions. This paper considers more elaborate discourse, composed of several clauses linked together by the overall meaning and involving largely productive signing. We make the case that one of the keys to natural animation of such discourse lies also in the segments between the typically annotated signs, in other words on the segments traditionally termed “transitions”. By studying an example discourse video and the corresponding motion capture, we progressively build an efficient linguistic description of it and specify how to animate it naturally.

PRODUCT IMPLEMENTATION OF MOBILE LEARNING MEDIA TO IMPROVE STUDENTS’ ARABIC ACHIEVEMENT AT MADRASAH ALIYAH IN LAMPUNG INDONESIA

PRODUCT IMPLEMENTATION OF MOBILE LEARNING MEDIA TO IMPROVE STUDENTS’ ARABIC ACHIEVEMENT AT MADRASAH ALIYAH IN LAMPUNG INDONESIA

Paper] Systems for Supporting Deaf People in Viewing Sports Programs by Using Sign Language Animation Synthesis

Paper] Systems for Supporting Deaf People in Viewing Sports Programs by Using Sign Language Animation Synthesis

A sign language smart phone based on realistic animation

Mobile phones are now popular in current society for its portability and intelligence, but excluded from life of the hearing-impaired because sounds are unavailable for them. This paper provides a framework of speech based Chinese Sign Language (CSL) Animation System on Smart Phones, which combines speech recognition and sign language animation to make phones convenient for the hearing-impaired. This paper recognizes the Chinese speech into text first, and then proposes a HMMSVM model to judge interrogative expression from the speech and rewrites the plain text as mark-up text according to the rules of Chinese Sign Language Mark-up Language (CSLML) which provides signs for recording expressive context in the text, the corresponding animation is finally synthesized using key-frame technology. The prototype system based on the framework provided in this paper gives plausible Sign Language animation.

Aplikasi Virtual Kata Untuk Komunikasi Penyandang Tunarungu Berbasis Android

Deaf people are people who lose either their partial or complete hearing ability which will make the sense of hearing unusable. The problem encountered when meeting a deaf person is unable to communicate well. To solve this problem, it is necessary to build a virtual word application that is android based to help communicate with the deaf people. This app uses 3D virtual characters as a voice-translating medium into a sign language. The sign language is converted to 3D animation to make it easier to understand and attractive. The sign language system used in this application is the SIBI system (Sistem Isyarat Bahasa Indonesia). This application is built by using Unity 3D software with C # and Java programming language, while to create 3D animation is using Blender software. From the test results of this application, obviously it can facilitate the communication with the deaf people.   Keywords: word virtual application, deaf communication, 3D sign language animation, SIBI, android.

3D Animation of Russian Sign Language based on Dimskis Notation

3D Animation of Russian Sign Language based on Dimskis Notation

Regression Analysis of Demographic and Technology-Experience Factors Influencing Acceptance of Sign Language Animation

Software for automating the creation of linguistically accurate and natural-looking animations of American Sign Language (ASL) could increase information accessibility for many people who are deaf. As compared to recording and updating videos of human ASL signers, technology for automatically producing animation from an easy-to-update script would make maintaining ASL content on websites more efficient. Most sign language animation researchers evaluate their systems by collecting subjective judgments and comprehension-question responses from deaf participants. Through a survey (N = 62) and multiple-regression analysis, we identified relationships between (a) demographic and technology-experience characteristics of participants and (b) the subjective and objective scores collected from them during the evaluation of sign language animation systems. These relationships were experimentally verified in a subsequent user study with 57 participants, which demonstrated that specific subpopulations have higher comprehension or subjective scores when viewing sign language animations in an evaluation study. This finding indicates that researchers should collect and report a set of specific characteristics about participants in any publications describing evaluation studies of their technology, a practice that is not yet currently standard among researchers working in this field. In addition to investigating this relationship between participant characteristics and study results, we have also released our survey questions in ASL and English that can be used to measure these participant characteristics, to encourage reporting of such data in future studies. Such reporting would enable researchers in the field to better interpret and compare results between studies with different participant pools.

МУЛЬТИМЕДИЙНЫЙ ПРОГРАММНЫЙ КОМПЛЕКС ДЛЯ СОЗДАНИЯ СЛОВАРЯ РУССКОГО ЖЕСТОВОГО ЯЗЫКА

The possibility of computer Russian Sign Language interpretation, which is based on dictionary, was studied. The analysis of modern multimedia sign language dictionaries is made here in view of their further use in automatic sign language interpretation. The prospects of animated character (avatar) use for the demonstration of gestures and sign language notations for their control were substantiated. The analysis of modern notations of sign language was made. The substantiation of the use of Dimskis notation was given as promising for the development of Russian Sign Language Dictionary. The use of the modern cross-platform graphical Unity3D for the creation of animated sign language interpreter model allows to create the economical and effective system. The functionality of Unity3D is available and meets all the requirements for the work with avatar. The main characteristics of Dimskis notation and the peculiarities of the use of notation elements in the computer implementation are considered. The multi-level structure of software complex for the creation of sign language guide was described. The hierarchical structure of animation tree building allows constructing the sequence of available basic records, limiting the possibility of irreversible changes of main elaborated motions and at the same time providing the availability of all the necessary basic animations for the user. The use of Dimskis notation allows the users who know Russian sign language to enrich their term dictionary, the use of the guide is suggested for the demonstration of the dactyl and words and also compound phrases. The proposed approach gives the opportunity to create "lessons" on specific topics for training.

Development of Indian Sign Language Dictionary using Synthetic Animations

Objective: Development of Indian Sign Language video dictionary is essential in the today’s world of computerization. Though a lot of human video sign language dictionaries are available, we aim to develop the Indian Sign Language dictionary using synthetic animation which uses the computer generated cartoon rather than real human. Methods/Statistical Analysis: Sign Language cannot be spoken or written unlike other languages like English, Punjabi, Hindi, etc. The most commonly used words in Indian Sign Language are categorized and then these words are converted into the sign language writing notation (HamNoSys - Hamburg Notation System). This HamNoSys notation is then converted into SiGML (Signing Gesture Markup Language) using which the synthetic animation (using a computer generated cartoon) of the sign is generated. Findings: The synthetic animations are better as compared to human videos in terms of memory consumption, standardization, and flexibility. Synthetic animations can be modified as per the requirement whereas the human videos cannot be modified. The only drawback that seem is, these synthetic animations may lack the natural non-manual component of sign. Applications/Improvements: The synthetic dictionary created in this work can be used for translation system in which spoken or written sentence can be converted into the sign language animation. The dictionary created can be used to education to hard of hearing people. Display boards can be created for displaying the important messages in Indian sign language at the public gathering.

Toward the Ideal Signing Avatar

The paper discusses ongoing research on the effects of a signing avatar's modeling/rendering features on the perception of sign language animation. It reports a recent study that aimed to determine whether a character's visual style has an effect on how signing animated characters are perceived by v

Toward an intuitive sign language animation authoring system for the deaf

This paper presents an ongoing effort toward an online collaborative framework allowing Deaf individuals to author intelligible signs using a dedicated 3D animation authoring interface. The results that are presented mainly focus on the design of a dedicated user interface assisted by novel input devices. This design cannot only benefit the Deaf but also the linguists studying sign language by providing them with a novel kind of study material. This material would consist of a symbolic representation of intelligible sign language animations together with a fine-grained log of the user's edit actions. Two user studies demonstrate how Leap Motion and Kinect-like devices can be used together for recording and authoring hand trajectories as well as facial animation.

Development an Automatic Translate Voice to Sign Language Animation Based-on MFCC and Vector Quantization Method

In this paper, we propose design and initial implementation of a robust system which can automatically translates voice into text and text to sign language animations. Sign Language Translation Systems could significantly improve deaf lives especially in communications, exchange of information and employment of machine for translation conversations from one language to another has. Therefore, considering these points, it seems necessary to study the speech recognition. Usually, the voice recognition algorithms address three major challenges. The first is extracting feature form speech and the second is when limited sound gallery are available for recognition, and the final challenge is to improve speaker dependent to speaker independent voice recognition. Extracting feature form speech is an important stage in our method. Different procedures are available for extracting feature form speech. One of the commonest of which used in speech recognition systems is Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCCs). The algorithm starts with preprocessing and signal conditioning. Next extracting feature form speech using Cepstral coefficients will be done. Then the result of this process sends to segmentation part. Finally recognition part recognizes the words and then converting word recognized to facial animation. The project is still in progress and some new interesting methods are described in the current report.

Collecting and evaluating the CUNY ASL corpus for research on American Sign Language animation

While there is great potential for sign language animation generation software to improve the accessibility of information for deaf individuals with low written-language literacy, the understandability of current sign language animation systems is limited. Data-driven methodologies using annotated sign language corpora encoding detailed human movement have enabled some researchers to address several key linguistic challenges in ASL generation. This article motivates and describes our current research on collecting a motion-capture corpus of American Sign Language (ASL). As an evaluation of our motion-capture configuration, calibration, and recording protocol, we have conducted several rounds of evaluation studies with native ASL signers, and we have made use of our collected data to synthesize novel animations of ASL, which have also been evaluated in experimental studies with native signers.

Synthesis of sign language co-articulation based on key frames

Co-articulation is a language phenomenon. In sign language (SL), it takes the form of impact among adjacent signs, which results in variations of signs from their standard configurations. Standard configuration is the appearance of a sign when it appears singly, without context. Without co-articulation, SL animation based on virtual character will be a simple concatenation of signs. The movement of virtual character will be mechanical, lacking fluency and realism. This paper presents a key frame based SL co-articulation animation scheme aiming at the three most important elements of co-articulation, i.e. hand shape, hand position and SL speed. To generate co-articulation, motion data of signs which appear sequentially is parsed to identify hand shapes and positions included in these signs. Then, co-articulation will be achieved through some modification to the motion data according to the interaction between adjacent hand shapes and adjacent hand positions. SL Speed acts as an adjusting parameter which dynamically impacts co-articulation. Different expression speed will lead to different degree of co-articulation.

Effect of Displaying Human Videos During an Evaluation Study of American Sign Language Animation

Many researchers internationally are studying how to synthesize computer animations of sign language; such animations have accessibility benefits for people who are deaf and have lower literacy in written languages. The field has not yet formed a consensus as to how to best conduct evaluations of the quality of sign language animations, and this article explores an important methodological issue for researchers conducting experimental studies with participants who are deaf. Traditionally, when evaluating an animation, some lower and upper baselines are shown for comparison during the study. For the upper baseline, some researchers use carefully produced animations, and others use videos of human signers. Specifically, this article investigates, in studies where signers view animations of sign language and are asked subjective and comprehension questions, whether participants differ in their subjective and comprehension responses when actual videos of human signers are shown during the study. Through three sets of experiments, we characterize how the Likert-scale subjective judgments of participants about sign language animations are negatively affected when they are also shown videos of human signers for comparison -- especially when displayed side-by-side. We also identify a small positive effect on the comprehension of sign language animations when studies also contain videos of human signers. Our results enable direct comparison of previously published evaluations of sign language animations that used different types of upper baselines -- video or animation. Our results also provide methodological guidance for researchers who are designing evaluation studies of sign language animation or designing experimental stimuli or questions for participants who are deaf.

Chinese Sign Language animation generation considering context

Sign language (SL) is a kind of natural language for the deaf. Chinese Sign Language (CSL) synthesis aims to translate text into virtual human animation, which makes information and service accessible to the deaf. Generally, sign language animation based on key frames is realized by concatenating sign words captured independently. That means a sign language word has the same pattern in diverse context, which is different from realistic sign language expression. This paper studies the effect of context on manual gesture and non-manual gesture, and presents a method for generating stylized manual gesture and non-manual gesture according to the context. Experimental results show that synthesized sign language animation considering context based on the proposed method is more accurate and intelligible than that irrespective of context.

Models of linguistic facial expressions for American Sign Language animation

Facial expressions are a necessary and important part of the grammar of American Sign Language (ASL) sentences. However, current computational linguistic software cannot produce a huge portion of ASL constructions that include facial expressions. Here we summarize our research motivations, proposed plan, and potential contributions in the accessibility field. Our research aim is to formulate signer-independent models of facial movements for various types of linguistically meaningful facial expressions in ASL animation. This project summary also includes a brief description of current progress and future research plans.

18-5 WebGLによる手話CG生成の一検討(第18部門[テーマ講演]人にやさしい情報メディア技術)

18-5 WebGLによる手話CG生成の一検討(第18部門[テーマ講演]人にやさしい情報メディア技術)