Significant Number Of Objects Research Articles

Номенклатура металлов и сплавов из сарматских могильников Нижнего Поволжья II в. до н.э. – первой половины II в. н.э. по данным РФА

The work presents the results of an analysis of the chemical composition of 82 objects from non-ferrous and precious metals dating from the 4th century BC – the first half of the 2nd century AD and originating from the excavation of funeral monuments located in the Lower Volga region. Basically, the analysis of the chemical composition of non-ferrous metal was carried out for objects characteristic of the ordinary population of the region: mirrors, jewelry, clothing or household items, and details of horse harnesses; importantly, sampling was random. The data obtained by the XRF method are very interesting and demonstrate a change in the nomenclature of leading alloys. So, for the period of the 2nd century BC – the border of eras, there is a significant number of objects from tin as well as from tin-lead bronze, with a slight presence of products from a multicomponent alloy, an alloy with arsenic. For the period of the 1st – the first half of the 2nd century AD, there is a significant change in the leading types of alloys: zinc-containing alloys such as two- and three-component brass dominate the sample; also significantly increased the share of triple bronze, highly alloyed with lead; there are also products made of copper and tin bronze. Silver products made of silver from different samples are present in all stages. Analysis of alloying components and impurities in the identified alloys made it possible to distinguish in the sample of the 2nd century BC –the border of eras, the influence of the North Caucasian center of non-ferrous metalworking; recorded changes in the nomenclature of alloys of the 1st – the first half of the 2nd century AD arose, most likely, under the influence of the North Black Sea center of non-ferrous metalworking. The presence of high-zinc brass objects in the sample during the period of the 1st – the first half of the 2nd century AD also does not exclude the receipt of this type of brass from the production center located in Central Asia, which is characterized by an extremely high zinc content in the alloy.

Gamma-ray blazar classification using machine learning with advanced weight initialization and self-supervised learning techniques

ABSTRACT Machine learning has emerged as a powerful tool in the field of gamma-ray astrophysics. The algorithms can distinguish between different source types, such as blazars and pulsars, and help uncover new insights into the high-energy universe. The Large Area Telescope onboard the Fermi gamma-ray telescope has significantly advanced our understanding of the Universe. The instrument has detected a large number of gamma-ray-emitting sources, among which a significant number of objects have been identified as active galactic nuclei. The sample is primarily composed of blazars; however, more than one-third of these sources are either of an unknown class or lack a definite association with a low-energy counterpart. In this work, we employ multiple machine learning algorithms to classify the sources based on their other physical properties. In particular, we utilized smart initialization techniques and self-supervised learning for classifying blazars into BL Lacertae (BL Lac, also BLL) objects and flat-spectrum radio quasars (FSRQs). The core advantage of the algorithm is its simplicity, usage of minimum number of features and easy deployment due to lesser number of parameters without compromising on the performance along with increase in inference speed (at least seven times more than existing algorithms). As a result, the best-performing model is deployed on multiple platforms so that any user irrespective of their coding background can use the tool. The model predicts that out of the 1115 sources of uncertain type in the 4FGL-DR3 catalogue, 820 can be classified as BL Lacs and 295 can be classified as FSRQs.

Assessment of labor intensity indicators and factors affecting fatigue in civil aviation pilots based on the results of a questionnaire

Introduction. An essential feature of the professional activity of pilots of civil aviation aircraft is the high intensity of work due to pronounced emotional, intellectual, and sensory loads, unique work modes. The study aims to assess the intensity of work and the prevalence of factors affecting fatigue among civil aviation pilots according to an anonymous online questionnaire. Materials and methods. Experts surveyed 667 members of the flight crews in remote anonymous online questioning. We developed the questionnaires under the criteria for assessing the intensity of work, assessing the risk factors for fatigue development according to the ICAO recommendations, and analyzing the pilot's activity algorithm. The researchers used descriptive statistical methods to analyze the survey data. Results. The working conditions of pilots according to 7 indicators of tension correspond to class 3.2: a high level of intellectual loads (72-100% of pilots), a large number of overlapping time zones (18%), the maximum duration of concentrated observation (70.7%), a high density of signals and messages (29.9%), a significant number of objects of simultaneous observation (18.9%), a high degree of risk to one's own life and responsibility for the safety of others (98%), as well as a rough working day (79%). According to the totality of indicators, the general class of labor intensity corresponds to the highest degree (class 3.3). The factors affecting the fatigue of pilots include rare rest between flights (44.6% of respondents), intermittent sleep (59.9%), not always a full sleep before the night flight shift (85.9%). According to the survey results, the share of pilots who have spontaneous sleep during the flight is 74.3%, and frequently delayed reaction to usual, non - standard, or extreme stimuli and signals is 12.3%. Conclusions. The obtained data of the questionnaire survey confirm the results of psychophysiological studies that have shown that the level of the labor intensity of pilots is "super-intense or extreme." Therefore, considering the prevalence of factors affecting fatigue among the crew members, and based on the understanding of the fundamental problems noted by the pilots, it is necessary to develop measures and management solutions to minimize the risk factors for fatigue development.

A Cluster Analysis of Tourist Sites in the Regions of Kazakhstan

Natural and cultural sites is a basic elements of tourism development in all over the world. Kazakhstan has a significant number of objects of nature reserve fund and the historical and cultural heritage, which, along with the development of health-improving, ecological, ski tourism, also contribute to the development of ethnographic, gastronomic, cultural and educational and other types of tourism. The purpose of the study is to identify traits of the most attractive tourist destinations, as well as to study the degree of importance of natural, cultural and dual (natural and cultural) sites for target consumers. In this regard, a comparative analysis of the level of tourism development in 14 regions of Kazakhstan was carried out, using a two-step cluster analysis, the degree of significance of three types of sites for target consumers was determined. The findings of the analysis suggest that the Akmola, Almaty, East Kazakhstan and Karaganda regions are in the greatest demand among tourists. Along with this, natural sites are the most important determinants of tourism, cultural sites are the least important. Thus, tourists in Kazakhstan are more attracted by regions with a rich natural reserve fund than by historical and cultural heritage. In this regard, it is proposed to pay more attention to promoting the cultural sites of Kazakhstan. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first study that analyses 14 regions of Kazakhstan according to their basic tourism characteristics, identifies attractions that are underutilized, and proposes strategies to identify opportunities for the tourism industry in Kazakhstan. In this regard, its results can be very useful in justifying the feasibility of implementing the relevant regional initiatives and making a decision to reorient the efforts of interested government agencies to develop alternative types of tourism.

The spread of digital technologies as a factor of influence on the formation and manifestation of attention of 15-year-old football players

Today, the Internet covers almost all spheres of human life and involves in its space almost from an early age. As a result, the excessive duration of being in the Internet space can rightfully be considered one of the key factors that affect the dynamics and nature of the formation of basic mental functions, including attention. This issue is of particular importance in the practice of sports training, where the determining role and importance of psychological and psychophysiological capabilities of athletes in the context of their effectiveness in training and competitive activity remains relevant, despite the fact that it has been the subject of research by scientists for a long time. The purpose of this work was to study the dynamics of changes in individual indicators of attention of 15-year-old sportsmen-football players under the conditions of digitalization. Research results. The attention of an athlete-football player, as a determining factor in the effectiveness of the functioning of various mental processes, occupies a special place in his psychological profile. This is due to the specifics of game activity, which is characterized by high dynamics and unpredictability of game situations, as well as the need for almost simultaneous perception of a significant number of objects (ball, goal, rivals, partners) and a quick switch of attention between them. Within the framework of this work, we carried out a comparative analysis of various indicators of attention of young footballers of 15 years of age. For comparison, we used psychodiagnostic data obtained in different years. The results of the analysis showed the presence of a negative trend in the manifestation of certain indicators of attention, and especially the ability to concentrate when concentrating. Analyzing the data obtained, we can with a high degree of probability assume the presence of a negative influence of the excessive stay of young men in the Internet space, including when using various mobile devices.

Association of Success in Interspecific Rearing of Nestlings with the Width of Trophic Niche of the Recipient Species in Hollow-Nesting Birds

The structure of the diet of passerine bird nestlings was analyzed in order to identify possible ways to reduce food competition between these species during the breeding period. We assumed that analysis of the effects of obtaining diets of heterospecific birds by nestlings in nature can help better understand their species-specific adaptations to living conditions, and we considered the case of joint nesting of the coal tit (Periparus ater (L. 1758)) (CT) and pied flycatcher (Ficedula hypoleuca (Pallas 1764)) (PF) in Moscow oblast as a key link. A PF male attracted a female to an artificial nest box, which has been already occupied by a CT pair. The females of both species incubated a mixed clutch sitting side by side. The CT nestlings hatched earlier than the PF nestlings, and the parents of both species began to feed them. The CT nestlings started to die one by one on the 4th day of joint feeding, and the last nestling died on the 11th day. This case encouraged us to compare the diets of nestlings from 22 broods of CTs and PFs in the same region. To compare the ratios of nestlings, we collected the portions of food that were delivered to nestlings by their parents and analyzed video recordings from the nests. The diet of PF nestlings was significantly more diverse than in CT nestlings (Berger–Parker reverse indices (1/d) were 3.01 and 2.11, respectively). Caterpillars and spiders (objects with a high content of carotenoids and taurine important for the development of nestlings) dominated in the CT diet. In PF feed, these objects occupied a much smaller portion. In addition to the above, compared with coal tits, PFs brought the following to nestlings: a significant number of objects with rough, highly chitinized covers (Coleoptera, Homoptera, etc.); objects with a sharp taste, such as true bugs (Heteroptera), ladybirds (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae), and millipedes (Diplopoda, Julidae); insects containing cantharidin toxin (soldier beetles, Coleoptera, Cantharidae). The nestlings developed successfully in PF nests to which parents brought such feed objects. The dimensional ranges of objects in the CT and PF diets completely overlapped. According to our opinion, the rougher, highly chitinized food and some poisonous insects (Cantharidae) in the PF diet make fundamentally important differences in the nutrition of PFs and CTs. Most likely, PFs have resistance to cantharidin and some other toxins that are contained in insects and therefore have a wider trophic niche.

Random sequential adsorption of lattice animals on a three-dimensional cubic lattice

The properties of the random sequential adsorption of objects of various shapes on simple three-dimensional (3D) cubic lattice are studied numerically by means of Monte Carlo simulations. Depositing objects are "lattice animals," made of a certain number of nearest-neighbor sites on a lattice. The aim of this work is to investigate the impact of the geometrical properties of the shapes on the jamming density θ_{J} and on the temporal evolution of the coverage fraction θ(t). We analyzed all lattice animals of size n=1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. A significant number of objects of size n⩾6 were also used to confirm our findings. Approach of the coverage θ(t) to the jamming limit θ_{J} is found to be exponential, θ_{J}-θ(t)∼exp(-t/σ), for all lattice animals. It was shown that the relaxation time σ increases with the number of different orientations m that lattice animals can take when placed on a cubic lattice. Orientations of the lattice animal deposited in two randomly chosen places on the lattice are different if one of them cannot be translated into the other. Our simulations performed for large collections of 3D objects confirmed that σ≅m∈{1,3,4,6,8,12,24}. The presented results suggest that there is no correlation between the number of possible orientations m of the object and the corresponding values of the jamming density θ_{J}. It was found that for sufficiently large objects, changing of the shape has considerably more influence on the jamming density than increasing of the object size.

Праліси як еколого-освітній і науково-пізнавальний об’єкт Українських Карпат

The virgin forests of the Ukrainian Carpathians are unique ecosystems in which preserved natural, protected, recreational, historical and cultural objects. That is why a comprehensive study of the forest ecosystems of the Ukrainian Carpathians is needed in order to preserve these unique treasures of our country. The Ukrainian Carpathians are characterized in ecological, educational and scientific-cognitive aspects, as a significant number of objects and monuments of nature, history, architecture and culture are concentrated here. In the region under study, there is a well-developed network of nature reserve fund, the objects of which are basic for the organization of tourist activity. The importance of virgin forests as an ecological-educational and scientific-cognitive object of the Ukrainian Carpathians is revealed. The purpose of the research was to study the forests of the Ukrainian Carpathians, as an object of ecological, educational and cognitive perception. The object of the research was the forest ecosystems within the conservation areas of the Ukrainian Carpathians. The subject of the study was the consideration of forest ecosystems as an ecological-educational and scientific-cognitive object. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were set: to give a complete definition of the term “primaeval” forests and their varieties; to identify, establish distribution areas and forest areas in the Ukrainian Carpathians; to analyze their ecological-educational and scientific-cognitive functions. It is revealed that the centres of distribution of forest ecosystems in the Ukrainian Carpathians are nature conservation areas, namely: Carpathian Biosphere Reserve, Carpathian National Park, Uzhansky, Synevyr Verkhovyna, Cheremosky, Hutsulshchyna, Vyzhnytsya, Zacharovanyi Krai. It is stated that ecological-educational and scientific-cognitive objects in the region are natural undisturbed by the anthropogenic activity of the place. The best network of ecological-educational and scientific-educational trails is set up in the Carpathian Biosphere Reserve. The most popular are the eco-routes “To Goverla Mountain from Lazeshchyna”, “Kevelsky Forests to Petros”, “Beech Forests of Velyka Ugolka”, “To Sokolino Berdo”. It is revealed that the ecological-educational and scientific-cognitive potential of the forests of the Ukrainian Carpathians is special. The primaeval forests are widespread in the Ukrainian Carpathians, and their area is about 50 thousand hectares, and much of it requires identification. Forests have a special status in Ukraine and are strictly protected in nature reserves and perform ecological-educational and scientific-cognitive functions, since within them preserved natural, intact, virgin objects and also represent the cultural heritage of the region. Key words: Ukrainian Carpathians, virgin forests, quasi-virgin forests, ancient forests, ecological-educational and scientific-cognitive objects.

SOME ISSUES OF DETERMINING THE CATEGORY ON TECHNOLOGICAL HAZARD OF OBJECTS CATEGORY OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITY OF COMPLEX FORENSIC FIRE ENGINEERING, ENGINEERING ENVIRONMENTAL EXAMINATIONS

The aim of this work is to analyze the sources and factors of danger, their structure and the nature of functioning, which under certain circumstances can initiate or cause the threat of emergency situations, as well as the study of the main stages in determining the compliance with the category of industrial hazard of business objects.
 The relevance of the work is due to the fact that on the territory of Ukraine there is a significant number of objects on which hazardous chemical and biological substances, as well as other hazardous sources and hazard factors, are used in carrying out economic activities in technological processes. Such objects are located mainly in areas with a high concentration of the population, which in turn sharply increases the level of threat to human life and health, worsen the state of the environment and, in the event of accidents or catastrophes, can lead to large material losses.
 One of the tasks in conducting complex forensic examinations and expert studies is to establish the belonging of a business entity to a certain category of technological safety. For this, it is necessary to analyze their structure and the nature of their functioning in order to establish the fact of the presence or absence of sources of danger, which under certain circumstances can initiate or cause a real threat of emergency situations.
 In this paper, we consider an algorithm for solving problems of establishing the availability of sources and hazards, determining their ability to initiate an emergency, and further determining the category of industrial hazard to which economic activity belongs.
 The classification of emergencies by the nature of origin, the extent of distribution, the size of human losses, and material losses is determined. The state, regional, local, object levels of emergency are considered.
 The main stages are given in determining the compliance with the category of industrial hazard of economic activity objects, which will allow systematizing the research process when performing complex fire engineering, engineering environmental examinations.

Collections Access and Custom Storage Solutions at the Smithsonian’s Museum Support Center

The National Museum of Natural History is committed to long-term stewardship of collections and to supporting their use by scientists and the general public. This stewardship role is unique among other US natural history museums. As the nation’s natural history museum, the National Museum of Natural History has a mandated commitment to conserve and protect its collections in a manner that will assure their continued accessibility by future generations and maintain the National Museum of Natural History mission. A significant number of objects from the National Museum of Natural History are permanently stored at the Museum Support Center in Suitland, MD. This space not only includes collections from the National Museum of Natural History (NMNH), but also the Museum Conservation Institute (MCI), the National Museum of American History (NMAH), the Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden (HMSG), the Freer Sackler Gallery (FSG) and the National Museum of African Art (AfA) as well as several other museums. In terms of collections access and use, the museum support center has a team, Collections Support Services (CSS), dedicated to collections’ long-term care and preservation. Collections Support Services provides access and support for the 730,000 square feet of collections housed at MSC. CSS staff perform a variety of technical and labor tasks related to the cleaning, preparation, packing, transport, unpacking, and permanent storage of objects and specimens. This includes building custom aluminum pallets for oversized objects and whale skull cradles. Moreover, while the use of palletized storage is not a new concept in museum storage, the construction of Pod 4 at the Museum Support Center in Suitland, MD posed some unique challenges for the permanent storage of oversized collections. Pod 4 provides continuous rows of 2', 4' and 8' deep cantilevered open racking from floor to ceiling (22 feet high), and allows palletized objects to be moved and placed in the racking via forklift. Traditional wooden pallets are unacceptable by archival standards, as they are acidic by nature, bulky, heavy, not fire-retardant, and prone to pest infestation. Collections Support Services circumvented these issues by establishing an innovative system of customized aluminum pallets for collections’ long-term care and preservation. These pallets are durable and lightweight, and must pass several quality control tests that include dropping and jarring. They are also designed with multiple functions in mind for ease of use, storage, transport, and maintenance.

Mesh correspondence improvement using Regional Affine Registration: Application to Statistical Shape Model of the scapula

Statistical Shape Models (SSMs) are efficient tools in several fields and especially medical applications. In order to be meaningful, SSM construction requires a dense correspondence matching between a significant number of objects, which remains a very challenging task. Nonrigid registration is an essential element in the SSM construction pipeline that allows establishing correspondences between shapes and capturing their local variations. We introduce the Regional Affine Registration (RAR) that is based on object segmentation where each region is affinely registered to its counterpart. The point-based RAR process can be used to initiate a farther nonrigid registration process. Experiments are performed using fiducial metrics to compare three registration approaches: RAR, segmentation-based, and classical approach. As an application, we integrate RAR in the construction of an SSM of the human scapula. The three approaches are used to match correspondences between 85 scapulae and a validation of the SSM is carried out by evaluating its compactness, generalization and specificity. Multilevel B-Spline nonrigid registration parameter optimization is also investigated in a feedback sense using an initial version of the model. The initial SSM is used to generate in-correspondence shapes, giving ground truth to optimization experiments. The RAR method proved to initiate better the nonrigid registration which gave more accurate correspondence among synthetic and real database shapes. This was also reflected in the SSM validation tests. We show that performing the nonrigid registration in an iterative manner did not necessarily improve the final result.

Важнейшие дестинации Московской области как приоритетные точки привлечения туристов

The article describes the tourist destinations of the Moscow region, defined as the most important points to attract tourists, which development will contribute to the intensification of tourism development in the region. The program for the development of the inner and inbound types of tourism is a priority for Moscow region, as it allows to significantly increase the profitability of the local budget. This requires the implementation of measures of regional brand management. In particular, the identification of key points, destinations, their propaganda as major centers of tourist interest, market positioning of tourist product supply, new directions and packet services. The region has adopted and actively has been implementing the «Concept of tourism development in Moscow region», which identifies and lists 33 «objects of attraction» for tourists, and these objects are distributed among four «supporting tourism and recreation areas». The categorical composition of these objects is visualized on the thematic map «Major destinations and tourist and recreational areas of Moscow region.» As the results of the quantitative and categorical analysis of the most attractive objects of the Moscow region show, they are clearly dominated by cultural and educational, historical and architectural sites. A significant number of objects represent the spiritual heritage of the Russian people. Natural and industrial objects are represented to a much lesser extent. To some extent, the list of objects can be considered as representative of the entire Moscow region, but in territorial terms, they are spread unevenly and very poorly represented in the eastern supporting recreational area. The article presents the samples of the information and illustrative brochures, developed by the author, describing their unified structure and illustrations. An important consequent task is the need to further popularize and publicize tourism opportunities of these sites, the creation and maintenance of tourist information centers for them, the development of integrated tourism package proposals designed for long-term visitor.

The morphology of distant cluster galaxies. 1: HST observations of CL 0939+4713

view Abstract Citations (213) References (33) Co-Reads Similar Papers Volume Content Graphics Metrics Export Citation NASA/ADS The Morphology of Distant Cluster Galaxies. I. HST Observations of CL 0939+4713 Dressler, Alan ; Oemler, Augustus, Jr. ; Butcher, Harvey R. ; Gunn, James E. Abstract We have obtained Hubble Space Telescope (HST) WFC observations of CL 0939+4713, a very rich cluster at z = 0.41 which exhibits an excess population of blue galaxies typical of clusters at that redshift. The images are of sufficient quality, despite the HST spherical aberration problems, to permit assignment of Hubble types to galaxies brighter than r ~ 24.0. Their colors, luminosity functions and structure suggest that most of the galaxies are normal examples of their Hubble type. However, there is a significant number of objects which appear to be undergoing tidal interactions and/or mergers. These data suggest that the excess blue galaxies seen in distant clusters are predominantly normal late-type spirals but also that dynamical interactions between galaxies may be an important process in such clusters and may be responsible for those galaxies which exhibit spectroscopic signs of starbursts. Publication: The Astrophysical Journal Pub Date: July 1994 DOI: 10.1086/174386 Bibcode: 1994ApJ...430..107D Keywords: Galactic Clusters; Galactic Evolution; Galactic Structure; Interacting Galaxies; Spaceborne Astronomy; Astronomical Photometry; Astronomical Spectroscopy; Hubble Space Telescope; Morphology; Starburst Galaxies; Astronomy; GALAXIES: CLUSTERS: INDIVIDUAL ALPHANUMERIC: CL 0939; 4713; GALAXIES: INTERACTIONS; GALAXIES: PHOTOMETRY; GALAXIES: STRUCTURE full text sources ADS | data products SIMBAD (139) NED (138) MAST (1) ESA (1) Related Materials (1) Part 2: 1997ApJ...474..561O

A stability study of asteroid families near the 3:1 and 5:2 resonance with Jupiter

By using theD-criterion Lindblad (1992) has identified 14 asteroid families from a sample of 4100 numbered asteroids with proper elements from Milani and Kneževic (1990). Taxonomic types and other physical properties for a significant number of objects in five of the families show strong homogeneity within each family, further strengthening their internal relationship.