Significant Increase In Knowledge Research Articles

A community based intervention to modify preventive behaviors of cutaneous leishmaniasis in children: a randomized controlled trial based on PRECEDE PROCEED model

ObjectivesIran ranks among the top six countries globally with a significant incidence of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL). Using planning models is one community-based intervention to promote preventive behaviors. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the PRECEDE-PROCEED model (PPM) in modifying preventive behaviors related to CL in children through mother training in a community intervention.MethodsA randomized controlled trial based on the PPM model was conducted on 168 mothers (intervention (n = 84) and control group (n = 84) with 10 years old children in the rural areas of Iran. Mothers from 7 village areas were randomly allocated to the intervention (2 village) and control groups (5 village). The intervention group received a program comprising eight 90-minute training sessions and environmental interventions. In this study, we utilized the PPM as a framework to design the questionnaires on Leishmaniosis prevention behavior. Participants in both groups completed the questionnaires at baseline (before the intervention), immediately after the intervention, and at the 2-month follow-up. Analysis of the data was conducted utilizing SPSS20, with statistical significance set at p < 0.05.ResultsCompared to the control group, the intervention group showed significant increases in knowledge, enabling factors, reinforcing factors, attitude, and preventive behaviors related to Cutaneous Leishmaniasis over time from baseline to follow-up (P < 0.001). No significant differences (P > 0.05) were observed in the alterations of the PPM construct, knowledge, and preventive behaviors within the control group from pre-intervention to follow-up.ConclusionsCommunity (education and environmental) intervention based on PPM is feasible and acceptable to modify preventive behaviors of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in children by increasing a mother’s knowledge and attitude as well as changing enabling and reinforcing factors.Trial registrationIRCT20160619028529N8.

Risk Assessment Tool of Breast Cancer and Barriers against Breast Self-Examination among Nurses: An Educational Program

Purpose. Breast cancer is considered a huge health problem among women all over the world due to its increased mortality rate. Breast cancer deaths are decreased by 28–34% due to improvement in treatment and early detection. In order to detect breast cancer early and provide the best possible therapy, knowledge and awareness are essential. So, this study aimed to assess risk of breast cancer among nurses, the knowledge and practices of breast self-examination (BSE) and determine its barriers, and implement an educational program for them. Design. A quasiexperimental research design was used. Methods. This study was conducted at two university hospitals (main university hospital and woman’s health hospital). A purposive sample of 280 nurses with age more than thirty-five years were included in the study using three tools, namely, structure interview questionnaire, breast cancer risk assessment tool, and a structured breast cancer knowledge and practice questionnaire. Nurses’ knowledge and practices regarding breast cancer and BSE were first assessed and then they were provided with two educational courses covering theoretical and practical information. One month after the program ended, the nurses’ knowledge and practices were assessed again. Results. About 3.2% of the participants have five years high risk of developing breast cancer according the risk assessment tool, the main barriers of do not do BSE did not find any symptoms and scared from finding any abnormality. There was a significant increase in knowledge and practice of breast self-examination posteducation compared to pre-education (73.2 and 98.2%, respectively). Also, there was a statistically significant difference between pre- and postprogram with a p value of 0.0001. Conclusion. This study concluded that 3.2% of the nurses with high risk of developing breast cancer needed a follow-up; more than half of them do not perform breast self-examination because they think that do not have any symptoms in the breast and the educational program with a significant effect on knowledge and practices of nurses. So, the researchers recommend the nurses need for an empowerment program and support by providing assistance in places of work as done free clinical examination and mammography by female specialist for privacy.

Increased knowledge about clean and healthy living behavior in an effort to prevent diarrhea

Diarrhea is one of the common public health issues, especially in areas with poor sanitation and unhealthy lifestyles. Preventive efforts against diarrhea involve not only medical interventions but also the importance of education on PHBS (Clean and Healthy Living Behavior). This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of increasing knowledge about PHBS in preventing diarrhea. The research method used is experimental with a pre-test and post-test control group design. The subjects consist of two groups: the intervention group receiving PHBS education and the control group without education. Data collection was done through knowledge questionnaires before and after the intervention. The results showed a significant increase in knowledge about PHBS in the intervention group after receiving education, compared to the control group. This indicates that PHBS education is effective in improving the knowledge and understanding of the community in preventing diarrhea. The conclusion of this research emphasizes the importance of PHBS education in preventing diarrhea in the community. Structured and comprehensive education programs can be an effective strategy to reduce the incidence of diarrhea and improve public health overall.

Exploration of decision aids to support advance care planning: A scoping review.

Advance care planning is a process through which people communicate their goals and preferences for future medical care. Due to the complexity of the decision-making process, decision aids can assist individuals in balancing potential benefits and risks of treatment options. While decision aids have the potential to better promote advance care planning, their characteristics, content and application effectiveness are unclear and lack systematic review. Therefore, we aimed to explore these three aspects and establish a foundation for future research. Scoping review. This scoping review adheres to the framework proposed by Arksey and O'Malley and the PRISMA-ScR list. Six English-language databases were systematically searched from the time of construction until 1 December 2023. Two researchers conducted the article screening and data extraction, and the extracted data was presented in written tables and narrative summaries. Of the 1479 titles and abstracts, 20 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Types of decision aids were employed, mainly websites and videos. Decision aid's primary components center around 11 areas, such as furnishing information, exploring treatment and care preferences. The main manifestations were a significant increase in knowledge and improved recognition of patients' target value preferences. Among the aids, websites and videos for advance care planning have relatively high content acceptability and decision-making process satisfaction, but their feasibility has yet to be tested. Decision aids were varied, with content focused on describing key information and exploring treatment and care preferences. Regarding application effects, the aids successfully facilitated the advance care planning process and improved the quality of participants' decisions. Overall, decision aids are efficient in improving the decision-making process for implementing advance care planning in cancer and geriatric populations. In the future, personalised decision aids should be developed based on continuous optimization of tools' quality and promoted for clinical application. The paper has adhered to the EQUATOR guidelines and referenced the PRISMAg-ScR checklist. This is a review without patient and public contribution. https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/YPHKF, Open Science DOI: 10.17605/OSF.IO/YPHKF.

Carbon Monoxide Poisoning: From Occupational Health to Emergency Medicine.

Carbon monoxide poisoning remains a leading cause of accidental poisoning worldwide (both at home and at work), and it is also a cause of suicidal poisoning. Such poisoning can arise following prolonged exposure to low levels of CO or following brief exposure to high concentrations of the gas. In fact, despite exposure limits, high safety standards, and the availability of CO alarms, nearly 50,000 people in the United States visit the emergency department each year due to poisoning. Additionally, CO poisoning in the United States causes up to 500 deaths each year. Despite the widespread nature of this form of poisoning, known about for centuries and whose damage mechanisms have been recognized (or rather hypothesized about) since the 1800s, early recognition, especially of late complications, and treatment remain a medical challenge. A well-designed therapeutic diagnostic process is necessary so that indication for hyperbaric or normobaric therapy is correctly made and so that patients are followed up even after acute exposure to diagnose late complications early. Furthermore, it is necessary to consider that in the setting of emergency medicine, CO poisoning can be part of a differential diagnosis along with other more frequent conditions, making its recognition difficult. The last thirty years have been marked by a significant increase in knowledge regarding the toxicity of CO, as well as its functioning and its importance at physiological concentrations in mammalian systems. This review, taking into account the significant progress made in recent years, aims to reconsider the pathogenicity of CO, which is not trivially just poisonous to tissues. A revision of the paradigm, especially as regards treatment and sequelae, appears necessary, and new studies should focus on this new point of view.

Pneumococcal Perplexity: Improving Awareness of Updated Pneumococcal Vaccination Recommendations in Two Large Military Treatment Facilities.

Vaccinations are an essential aspect of preventive medicine. In October 2021, the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine-20 (PCV-20) and PCV-15 were authorized for use in adults by the U.S. FDA. In 2022, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) subsequently published updated pneumococcal vaccination recommendations that incorporate both PCV-20 and PCV-15. Pneumococcal vaccination is effective in reducing pneumococcal disease, particularly in high-risk patient groups such as those with chronic lung disease; however, the updated dosing schedule for pneumococcal vaccinations can be quite confusing, especially if patients have previously received "older" vaccinations, such as pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine-23 or PCV-13. The purpose of this quality improvement project was to increase providers' knowledge of current ACIP pneumococcal vaccination recommendations, including indications and dosing schedule, and to improve pneumococcal vaccination rates among eligible adults and children. Focused education sessions were presented to primary care and subspecialty residents, fellows, and staff at Brooke Army Medical Center and Wilford Hall Ambulatory Surgical Center regarding current ACIP pneumococcal vaccination recommendations. Sessions included information about PCV-15 and PCV-20 vaccines, indications for vaccination, and dosing schedules. Subjective knowledge of updated ACIP pneumococcal vaccination recommendations was assessed among primary care and subspecialty residents, fellows, and staff via an anonymous survey both pre- and post-intervention. Number of PCV-20 vaccinations given and estimated vaccination rates of patients aged 19 to 64 years with asthma were assessed pre- and post-intervention over a 6 month time span. Of surveyed providers, only 9% discussed vaccinations at every visit and 11% did not discuss vaccinations at all. There was a statistically significant increase in providers' knowledge of pneumococcal vaccination guidelines for children post-intervention (P = .01) but no statistically significant increase in knowledge for guidelines for adults, for patients that have received prior pneumococcal vaccines, or in overall confidence in recommending pneumococcal vaccines. There was a 17% increase in the number of PCV-20 vaccinations given post-intervention (198 pre-intervention, 232 post-intervention). The estimated PCV-20 vaccination rate for adults aged 19 to 64 years with asthma increased from 14.9% pre-intervention to 19.5% post-intervention (P = .33). There is a significant knowledge gap regarding ACIP pneumococcal vaccination recommendations among military providers and a low pneumococcal vaccination rate for adults aged 19 to 64 years with asthma at Joint Base-San Antonio MTFs. Focused education sessions were effective in increasing providers' knowledge of updated pneumococcal vaccination recommendations, confidence in recommending vaccines, total number of pneumococcal vaccinations given, and estimated pneumococcal vaccination rate for adults with asthma. The validity of conclusions drawn from our data were limited because of discordant numbers of survey respondents as well as potentially inaccurate estimates of pneumococcal vaccination rates pre- and post-intervention. Despite this, the results warrant continued education of pneumococcal vaccines, indications, and dosing schedules.

Extending Knowledge on Biosecurity in Small-scale and Backyard Systems in the United States

The number of small-scale and backyard operations has increased in the United States during the past decade, but there is currently a lack of outreach efforts and readily-available educational materials targeting these farming systems. We developed a webinar series on biosecurity to provide training for small-scale and backyard producers, and training tools that can be used by local veterinarians and extension educators to disseminate knowledge and consistent recommendations more effectively. Fewer people attended the webinars than registered, suggesting a gap between interest in biosecurity and commitment to the topic. Participants in the webinar series reported a high level of satisfaction and a significant increase in knowledge.

Empirical analysis of lead neurotoxicity mode of action and its application in health risk assessment

The mode of action (MOA) framework is proposed to inform a biological link between chemical exposures and adverse health effects. Despite a significant increase in knowledge and awareness, the application of MOA in human health risk assessment (RA) remains limited. This study aims to discuss the adoption of MOA for health RA within a regulatory context, taking our previously proposed but not yet validated MOA for lead neurotoxicity as an example. We first conducted a quantitative weight of evidence (qWOE) assessment, which revealed that the MOA has a moderate confidence. Then, targeted bioassays were performed within an in vitro blood-brain barrier (BBB) model to quantitatively validate the scientific validity of key events (KEs) in terms of essentiality and concordance of empirical support (dose/temporal concordance), which increases confidence in utilizing the MOA for RA. Building upon the quantitative validation data, we further conducted benchmark dose (BMD) analysis to map dose-response relationships for the critical toxicity pathways, and the lower limit of BMD at a 5% response (BMDL5) was identified as the point of departure (POD) value for adverse health effects. Notably, perturbation of the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AHR) signaling pathway exhibited the lowest POD value, measured at 0.0062 μM. Considering bioavailability, we further calculated a provisional health-based guidance value (HBGV) for children's lead intake, determining it to be 2.56 μg/day. Finally, the health risk associated with the HBGV was assessed using the hazard quotient (HQ) approach, which indicated that the HBGV established in this study is a relative safe reference value for lead intake. In summary, our study described the procedure for utilizing MOA in health RA and set an example for MOA-based human health risk regulation.

Do Not Freak Me Out! The Impact of Lip Movement and Appearance on Knowledge Gain and Confidence

Virtual agents (VAs) have been used effectively for psychoeducation. However, getting the VA’s design right is critical to ensure the user experience does not become a barrier to receiving and responding to the intended message. The study reported in this paper seeks to help first-year psychology students to develop knowledge and confidence to recommend emotion regulation strategies. In previous work, we received negative feedback concerning the VA’s lip-syncing, including creepiness and visual overload, in the case of stroke patients. We seek to test the impact of the removal of lip-syncing on the perception of the VA and its ability to achieve its intended outcomes, also considering the influence of the visual features of the avatar. We conducted a 2 (lip-sync/no lip-sync) × 2 (human-like/cartoon-like) experimental design and measured participants’ perception of the VA in terms of eeriness, user experience, knowledge gain and participants’ confidence to practice their knowledge. While participants showed a tendency to prefer the cartoon look over the human look and the absence of lip-syncing over its presence, all groups reported no significant increase in knowledge but significant increases in confidence in their knowledge and ability to recommend the learnt strategies to others, concluding that realism and lip-syncing did not influence the intended outcomes. Thus, in future designs, we will allow the user to switch off the lip-sync function if they prefer. Further, our findings suggest that lip-syncing should not be a standard animation included with VAs, as is currently the case.

Empowerment Posyandu cadres in the transfer of spinach-based technology for early stunting prevention

The issue of nutritional health among toddlers has become a concern for the Indonesian government. The aim of this initiative is twofold: firstly, to prevent and early detect stunting in toddlers by leveraging local food resources through spinach-based technology, and secondly, to enhance the skills of Posyandu health cadres in spinach-based technology and improve their knowledge on stunting prevention. The service team will provide health education on stunting prevention using lecture and discussion methods and conduct anthropometric measurements. Practical or demonstration methods will be used to make cakes and jelly candies. The next stage is evaluation. Findings from the community empowerment evaluation show that health cadres are able to make jelly candy and spinach biscuits. The level of knowledge and skills of cadres on early stunting prevention and anthropometric measurements increased compared to before community empowerment. The evaluation results for knowledge and skill levels after training were 79.4 versus 66.5 before training. Paired t-test analysis found that the p-value was 0.002, so it was concluded that there was a significant increase in knowledge and skills scores in transferring spinach technology before and after training.

The Importance of Eating Healthy and Nutritionally Balanced Food for Elementary School Children

&#x0D; Health and well-being are important aspects of human life. One of the key factors that affect health is diet. The food we consume directly affects our physical and mental state. This activity aims to increase elementary school children's knowledge of the importance of eating healthy and nutritionally balanced foods. Method As an alternative solution to the problems that have been identified, counselling activities are carried out on the importance of eating healthy and nutritionally balanced foods in elementary school children. The method to increase this knowledge is counselling on the importance of eating healthy and nutritionally balanced foods. The techniques used in this activity include advising on the importance of eating healthy, nutritionally balanced foods and distributing leaflets. Based on the evaluation results, there has been a significant increase in knowledge about eating healthy and nutritionally balanced foods. Education and awareness about a healthy and nutritionally balanced diet are very important. The public needs to be adequately informed about the nutritional value of food and ways to adopt a healthy diet. Thus, it is expected to improve the quality of life, reduce disease risk, and create a healthier and more productive society overall.&#x0D;

Edukasi dan Pendampingan Permasalahan Kekerasan Seksual pada Siswa di Lingkungan Sekolah Menengah Atas

The problems found show that there are still some students who have experienced sexual violence committed by those closest to them, causing them to drop out of school due to embarrassment with their school friends. This is certainly a problem that must be addressed and overcome, if left unchecked it will have an impact on their psychological and mental state. So the purpose of this service is to provide education in the form of socialization about sexual violence to students at Bina Utama High School. This activity was carried out using the lecture method in the form of presentations and evaluated using questionnaires given before and after the activity. The results showed that socialization and mentoring activities to students about sexual violence, there was a significant increase in knowledge. Socialization and mentoring are effective in increasing knowledge and changing students' attitudes at Bina Utama Pontianak High School. Therefore, it is recommended that mentoring education on sexual violence in adolescents needs to be improved so that the younger generation is protected from sexual violence.

Online educational intervention: Improving maternal knowledge and attitudes in providing developmental stimulation for stunting toddlers.

Stunting remains a significant public health concern, impacting physical growth and impeding children's development. Mothers, who play a crucial role in stimulating children's development, often encounter barriers in providing effective stimulation, primarily due to limited access to appropriate resources and information. Online education can bridge this gap by offering easily accessible learning. This aim of this study was to determine the effect of online education on maternal knowledge and attitudes in providing developmental stimulation for stunting toddlers. A quasi-experimental research design was employed, comprising a treatment group and a control group, each consisting of 46 mothers with stunting toddlers, sampled purposively. The treatment group received an online developmental stimulation educational intervention through WhatsApp groups for twelve meetings, each lasting 1.5 to 2 hours. Meanwhile, the control group participated in a stunting assistance program provided by the community health centers (Puskesmas). To compare the knowledge and attitudes between groups, Mann-Whitney and independent Student t-test were used. The assessment of intervention effects on knowledge and attitudes was conducted using Wilcoxon and paired Student t-test within each group. Following the educational intervention on developmental stimulation, there was a significant increase in knowledge; however, there was no significant difference in attitudes. The treatment group (mean score 3.9±1.76) had a higher increase in knowledge scores compared to the control group (2.0±2.25) with a p<0.001. Nonetheless, no significant difference in attitudes was observed between the two groups with the mean change scores was 5.8±15.31 in treatment group and 2.5±18.69 for control group, with a p=0.335. This study suggests that providing online education leads to increased knowledge scores but does not impact attitudes significantly. Additional educational approaches should be considered to enhance maternal attitudes.

PENGARUH PEMBERIAN PELATIHAN TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN DAN PERILAKU CUCI TANGAN PAKAI SABUN (CTPS) PADA SISWA SD INPRES MAPOLI KECAMATAN KOTA RAJA TAHUN 2022

Health education is a number of experiences that have a beneficial effect on habits, knowledge and behavior related to individual health. Washing hands with soap (CTPS) is one of the sanitation measures by cleaning hands and fingers using water and soap to keep them clean. This study aims to analyze the effect of training on knowledge and behavior of handwashing with soap (CTPS) in students of SD Inpres Mapoli, Kota Raja subdistrict in 2022. This research is a type of quasi-experimental research with population in this study is 130 students. The research sample consisted of 60 students divided into an experimental group of 30 students and a control group of 30 students taken using simple random sampling. Collecting data using questionnaires and observation sheets. The data analysis used repeated measures ANOVA test. The results of this study indicate that there is a significant increase in knowledge with a large effect size (p &lt;0.001 and partial eta squared 0.588). This training can also increase the occurrence of changes in students CTPS behavior with p &lt; 0.001 and a large effect size (partial eta squared of 0.801). From the test results, it was found that p value &lt; 0.05 means that H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted, which means that there is an effect of handwashing with soap training on knowledge and behavior of hand washing in elementary school children. It was concluded that in connection with this research, training on handwashing and soap should be carried out routinely in schools

THE EFFECT OF ELECTRONIC FOOD FOR PREGNANCY (E-FOCY) APPLICATION ON THE NUTRITION BEHAVIOR OF PREGNANT WOMEN IN THE RIAU ISLANDS COMMUNITY

Malnutrition is the cause of maternal and child death. One population that is very vulnerable to nutritional problems is pregnant women.This research method is quantitative research with a quasi-experimental design (Quasi Experimental) with a one group pretest and posttest design. The samples taken in this study were all 30 pregnant women in the second trimester who had their wombs checked at the Bugis Village Community Health Center. The results of the pre-test knowledge analysis between the control group and the intervention group showed a p-value of 0.867 (p&lt;0.05), which means that there was no significant difference in the pre-test knowledge score between the control group and the intervention group. The results of the posttest analysis of knowledge between the control group and the intervention group showed a p-value of 0.000 (p&lt;0.05). However, from the research results it was found that there were significant differences in attitudes and behavior between pregnant women who were given intervention using the E-FOCY application and those who were only given counseling from the KIA book. There was a significant increase in knowledge from the pre and post test results (p-value 0.000). However, in the intervention group the increase was higher than in the control group.

Behavior management training for teachers in the induction phase

AbstractTeachers in the induction phase (i.e., the first 3 years of teaching) can be underprepared to support students who engage in challenging behavior. This can be due to limited preservice education and ongoing professional development in behavior management. Yet, students who engage in challenging behavior are at an increased risk of being referred to intervention services and/or special education, especially at the elementary level. The purposes of this randomized‐controlled trial were to identify the effects of an online behavior management training on teachers in the induction phase, as well as their perceptions of the training. Findings revealed teachers in the intervention group showed significant increases in knowledge, application, and self‐efficacy in applying behavior management strategies. Social‐validity data indicated participants felt the training was highly acceptable, feasible, and effective.

E-portfolio as an effective tool for improvement of practitioner nurses' clinical competence.

Clinical competence is essential for providing effective patient care. Clinical Governance (CG) is a framework for learning and assessing clinical competence. A portfolio is a work-placed-based tool for monitoring and reflecting on clinical practice. This study aimed to investigate the effect of using an e-portfolio on the practitioner nurses' competence improvement through the CG framework. This was a quasi-experimental study with 30 nurses in each intervention and control group. After taking the pretests of knowledge and performance, the participants attended the in-person classes and received the educational materials around CG standards for four weeks. In addition, nurses in the intervention group received the links to their e-portfolios individually and filled them out. They reflected on their clinical practice and received feedback. Finally, nurses in both groups were taken the post-tests. Comparing the pre-and post-test scores in each group indicated a significant increase in knowledge and performance scores. The post-test scores for knowledge and performance were significantly higher in the intervention group than in the control one, except for the initial patient assessment. This study showed that the e-portfolio is an effective tool for the improvement of the nurses' awareness and performance in CG standards. Since the CG standards are closely related to clinical competencies, it is concluded that using portfolios effectively improves clinical competence in practitioner nurses.

Effectiveness of structured teaching program on knowledge and attitude of sailors regarding prevention of HIV/ AIDS at selected sea port, Mangalore

Methods: An evaluatory approach with one group pretest- posttest design was used in this study. The sample of 60 sailors was drawn using purposive sampling technique. Pretest was conducted by administering knowledge questionnaire and attitude scale, followed that STP was administered to the study subjects. Post test was conducted on 8th day, by administering the same tool on the study participants. The objectives of the study are: To determine the level of knowledge of the sailors before and after STP on prevention of HIV/AIDS using structured knowledge questionnaire, To assess the level of attitude of the sailors before and after STP on prevention of HIV/AIDS using attitude scale, To find out the relationship between knowledge and attitude of sailors regarding prevention of HIV/AIDS. To find out the association between knowledge and selected demographic variables (age, sex, religion, marital status, year of experience, educational status, family influence, exposure to mass media, etc.), To find out the association between attitude and selected demographic variables (age, sex, religion, marital status, year of experience, educational status, family influence, exposure to mass media, etc.) Results: The study findings revealed that before STP 51.7% of the subjects had an average knowledge and mean knowledge score of 12.62%. Sixty three percent of the subjects had average/moderate attitude before administration of STP. The STP facilitated them to update their knowledge related to HIV/AIDS. The posttest knowledge scores of the subjects (70%) were very good. The significant increase of knowledge changed the attitude significantly, where no subject had poor attitude. The correlation computed for knowledge and attitude showed that there was positive relationship between knowledge and attitude. There was no association found with regard to knowledge and selected variables (age, sex, religion, marital status, exposure to mass media and family influence), except for educational status there was significant association with regard to knowledge. There was no association found with regard to attitude and selected variables.

Effects of a mobile-based bioterrorism response program among clinical nurses: A quasi-experimental study

BackgroundTo respond to unstable international security and the outbreak of new infectious diseases, clinical nurses should be equipped with bioterrorism response competencies. ObjectivesThis study developed a mobile-based bioterrorism response program for clinical nurses and examined its effectiveness on their knowledge of bioterrorism, attitude toward bioterrorism response, and bioterrorism response competencies. DesignA quasi-experimental study design was used. SettingGeneral or tertiary general hospitals in South Korea were considered. ParticipantsParticipants were 45 clinical nurses (23 in the experimental group and 22 in the control). MethodsThe mobile-based bioterrorism response program was conducted over three weeks in 10 sessions (total of 300 min). The knowledge of bioterrorism, attitude toward bioterrorism response, and bioterrorism response competencies were compared between two groups using paired t-test, and Wilcoxon signed ranks test. Satisfaction with the program was measured in the experimental group. ResultsUpon completion of the mobile-based bioterrorism response program, the experimental group showed significant increases in knowledge of bioterrorism, attitude toward bioterrorism response, and bioterrorism response competencies. ConclusionsThe mobile-based bioterrorism response program is expected to contribute to better preparedness for bioterrorism response systems in clinical practice. In addition, this program is expected to be of valuable use in bioterrorism education for nursing students as well as other healthcare professionals involved in bioterrorism response.

Effect of an Education Intervention on Nursing Students' Knowledge of and Attitudes Toward Caring for Transgender and Nonbinary People.

Transgender and nonbinary (TGNB) people experience inequities in health care access, quality, and outcomes. Health care professionals' lack of knowledge and biased attitudes toward gender minorities contribute to inequitable care. This study examined the effect of TGNB health education on nursing students' knowledge and attitudes about caring for TGNB clients. A quasi-experimental study using a one-group pretest/posttest design was conducted with 46 nursing students at 2 private baccalaureate nursing programs. A paired-samples t test found a significant increase in knowledge about caring for TGNB clients at posttest (P = .02). Attitudes toward caring for TGNB clients showed a significant improvement in the Sex and Gender Beliefs subscale at posttest (P = .014). The findings suggest that TGNB health education is effective for inclusion in nursing curricula to better prepare nurses to care for gender-diverse clients.