Significant Increase In Hemoglobin Levels Research Articles

Creation of a database of historical control of hematological indices in rat blood to interpret the results of sanitary and toxicological studies of active substances of pesticides

Introduction. Historical control data provide an understanding of the background variability (spontaneous changes) of the studied indices in the same species and line of animals, under similar conditions in the same laboratory, when assessing the toxic effects of repeated (manifold) administration of active substances of pesticides. The aim of the study was to create a database of historical control of hematological indices in rat blood used in chronic (twelve months) studies of active substances of pesticides of various chemical structures. Materials and methods. In accordance with the planned goal, a database of hematological blood indicces from control animals used in chronic (12 months) sanitary and toxicological studies of active substances of pesticides of various chemical structures has been created. The database contains information on 13 hematological indices in rat blood taken from control animals in dynamics after 1, 3, 6 and 12 months from the start of the study for the period 2017–2022. Studies of the active substances of pesticides were carried out in the biological testing laboratory of the Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing according to the manual P 1.2.3156–13. Results. The results of the conducted studies indicate that in dynamics after 1, 3, 6 and 12 months of the study, a statistically significant increase in hemoglobin levels was detected in the blood of male rats. With the age, the animals showed a tendency to increase the concentration of red blood cells and platelets. Limitations. This article publishes a database of historical control of hematological parameters in rat blood, data on biochemical indices of blood serum and physiological indices in male rats in similar studies will be presented in the following publications. Conclusion. The results obtained will be used to substantiate the maximum inactive doses (NOEL), permissible daily doses (DSD), hygienic standards of the studied compounds in food and environmental objects.

Postoperative Intravenous Iron Infusion in Anemic Colorectal Cancer Patients: An Observational Study.

Anemia is the most common extraintestinal symptom of colorectal cancer, with a prevalence of 30-75%. While the preoperative anemia in this patient population has been well studied and its correction 4-6 weeks prior to surgery is recommended when feasible, there is a paucity of data regarding the management of postoperative anemia, which has a prevalence of up to 87% in these patients. To address this issue, we conducted an observational cohort study of surgically treated postoperative anemic patients with colorectal cancer. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of intravenous ferric carboxymaltose on the correction of postoperative anemia by postoperative day 30 (POD30). The primary outcome was the change in hemoglobin on POD30, while the secondary outcomes were the change in iron and other laboratory parameters, postoperative complications and transfusions. The results demonstrated that patients treated with intravenous iron exhibited a significant increase in hemoglobin levels by POD30, along with a concomitant increase in hematocrit, ferritin, and transferrin saturation levels, compared to the control group. The findings imply that patients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery with anemia that was not corrected in the preoperative setting may benefit from early postoperative intravenous iron infusion.

The Effect of Red Spinach Juice on Hemoglobin Levels in Pregnant Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Introduction: Iron deficiency anemia is a prevalent health concern among pregnant women globally, including Indonesia. Red spinach (Amaranthus tricolor), rich in iron and other nutrients, holds promise as a natural intervention. This randomized controlled trial aimed to investigate the efficacy of red spinach juice in improving hemoglobin levels in pregnant women in West Sumatra. Methods: This study enrolled 180 pregnant women (18-35 years) with mild anemia (hemoglobin 10.0-10.9 g/dL) in their second trimester. Participants were randomly assigned to either the intervention group (daily red spinach juice, 200 mL) or the control group (standard iron supplementation) for eight weeks. Hemoglobin levels were measured at baseline, week four, and week eight. Results: A significant increase in hemoglobin levels was observed in both groups (p < 0.001). However, the intervention group exhibited a greater mean increase in hemoglobin (1.8 g/dL) compared to the control group (1.2 g/dL) at week eight. There were no significant differences in adverse events between the groups. Conclusion: Red spinach juice demonstrates potential as an effective adjunct or alternative to standard iron supplementation in improving hemoglobin levels in pregnant women with mild anemia. Further research is warranted to confirm these findings and investigate long-term effects.

PENINGKATAN KADAR HEMOGLOBIN REMAJA PUTRI ANEMIA MELALUI SUPLEMENTASI BUBUR KACANG HIJAU DAN MERAH

Mung beans and red beans contain vitamin A, calcium, and potassium, which can increase hemoglobin levels in the body. The prevalence of anemia in Indonesia is 23.7%, with the incidence of anemia in females being much higher than in males, at 27.2% in females and 20.3% in males in 2018, showing an increase from 2013 to 2018. Therefore, this community service aims to increase hemoglobin levels in anemic adolescent girls through supplementation with mung bean and red bean porridge. The methods used include nutrition education, training on making bean porridge, and regular health monitoring, with evaluations using questionnaires, structured interviews, and participatory observation. The evaluation results showed a significant increase in hemoglobin levels in all 10 adolescent girls (100%) involved in the program after supplementation, as well as high satisfaction with the materials and the benefits of the information provided. In conclusion, this program is effective in increasing hemoglobin levels and providing beneficial nutrition education for anemic adolescent girls.

Oxidative stress-mediated deleterious effects of hypoxia in the brackish water flea Diaphanosoma celebensis

In this study, we investigated the acute toxicity, in vivo effects, oxidative stress, and gene expression changes caused by hypoxia on the brackish water flea Diaphanosoma celebensis. The no-observed-effect concentration (NOEC) of 48 h of hypoxia exposure was found to be 2 mg/L O2. Chronic exposure to NOEC caused a significant decline in lifespan but had no effect on total fecundity. The induction of reactive oxygen species increased in a time-dependent manner over 48 h, whereas the content of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and catalase) decreased. The transcription and translation levels were modulated by hypoxia exposure. In particular, a significant increase in hemoglobin level was followed by up-regulation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α gene expression and activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. In conclusion, our findings provide a better understanding of the molecular mechanism of the adverse effects of hypoxia in brackish water zooplankton.

Thalidomide and Hydroxyurea in Transfusion-Dependent Thalassemia: Efficacy, Safety Profile and Impact on Quality of Life

Transfusion-dependent thalassemia (TDT) is a major public health concern in India, requiring regular transfusions for survival. There is also significant morbidity caused by iron overload and transfusion related infections. Novel therapies targeting fetal hemoglobin induction are the need of the hour in resource-poor institutions for patients where transplant is not feasible for various reasons. This single arm, non-randomised prospective trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of a combination of low dose thalidomide and hydroxyurea in TDT along with the impact on quality of life (QoL). It included 41 TDT patients, who failed a reasonable trial of hydroxyurea. Complete response (CR) was defined as transfusion independence and partial response (PR) denoted at least a 50% reduction in transfusion requirement. The rest were defined as non-responders (NR). The mean age of the cohort was 20.78 years (range 12–45 years). There were 13 males and 28 females. Nineteen (46.3%), 7 (17.1%), and 15 (36.6%) patients achieved CR, PR, and no response respectively. The overall response rate (CR + PR) was 63.4%. There was a significant increase in hemoglobin levels with decrement in transfusion burden and ferritin levels. There were no significant adverse reactions. No significant predictors of response were found including amongst genetic modifiers. It improved the health related QoL amongst responders. The combination of thalidomide and hydroxyurea appear safe and effective in the reduction in transfusion requirement of TDT patients. The judicious use of these drugs can improve the quality of life and pave the way for patients not eligible for a stem cell transplant.

Pathogenesis and therapy of anemia in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases

Background. Anemia represents one of the most frequent complications in inflammatory bowel disease and severely impairs the quality of life of affected patients. The etiology of anemia in inflammatory bowel disease patients can be multifactorial, often involving a combination of iron deficiency anemia and anemia of chronic disease. The choice of therapy, focused on the leading cause of anemia, allows for individualized therapy, minimizing the risk of side effects and the cost of therapy.Aim. A comparative analysis of blood parameters before and after treatment was performed.Materials and methods. For 5 years, 47 patients (15 women, 32 men) with inflammatory bowel disease with a median age of 48 years (from 28 to 65 years) were studied. Two groups were formed: patients with iron deficiency anemia and patients with anemia of chronic disease. Patients with combination of iron deficiency anemia and anemia of chronic disease D (n = 21) were not included. A division was also made according to the type of treatment performed.Results. In the iron deficiency anemia group, a statistically significant increase in hemoglobin level was revealed as a result of the use of intravenous iron. During therapy with oral iron and B vitamin therapy, as well as therapy aimed only at correcting gastrointestinal tract pathology, no reliable dynamics of the studied parameters was observed. In the anemia of chronic disease group, there were no significant changes in red blood cell parameters with any of the treatment options (p >0.05).Conclusion. The effectiveness of various therapeutic approaches to correct anemia is controversial. Further follow-up and an increase in the sample size are needed, which will help individualize therapy and improve the patients’ quality of life.

The Effect of Giving Dates (Phoenix dactylifera) on Hemoglobin Levels in Anemic Adolescent Girls at Prima Nusantara Vocational School, Bukittinggi, Indonesia

Anemia in adolescent girls is a health problem that often occurs in Indonesia. Dates (Phoenix dactylifera) is a fruit that is rich in iron and folate, which play an important role in the formation of hemoglobin. This study aims to determine the effect of giving dates on hemoglobin levels in anemic adolescent girls at Prima Nusantara Vocational School, Bukittinggi Indonesia. This research used a quasi-experimental design with a pretest-posttest with the control group design. A total of 30 adolescent girls who experienced anemia were randomly divided into two groups, namely the intervention group which was given 3 dates per day for 4 weeks and the control group which was given no dates. Hemoglobin levels were measured before and after the intervention. The results showed that there was a significant increase in hemoglobin levels in the intervention group compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Giving dates can increase hemoglobin levels in adolescent girls who suffer from anemia.

Pemberian Buah Kurma Meningkatkan Kadar Hemoglobin pada Ibu Hamil

Anaemia, a common condition during pregnancy, has been found to be associated with various factors such as physiological changes occurring during pregnancy, gestational fetal age and medical history of the pregnant woman. The current study was conducted to investigate the potential impact of consuming dates on the elevation of haemoglobin levels in pregnant women undergoing treatment at the Barokah Pajang Clinic. Employing an experimental design with pretest and posttest measurements using a control group, the study followed a quantitative approach. The sample collection method used was non-probability sampling, specifically sequential sample collection. The collected data was analyzed using the independent sample t-test, which revealed that pregnant women with anaemia who consumed dates experienced a statistically significant increase in haemoglobin levels at the Barokah Pajang Clinic. The findings suggest that taking iron supplements and consuming seven dates on an empty stomach for a week can help improve haemoglobin levels among pregnant women with anaemia. The P-value of 0.049 indicates the statistical significance of the results. This study highlights the potential benefits of a dietary intervention for pregnant women with anaemia, and it is recommended that they follow this regimen to ensure healthy pregnancies.

Individualized Homeopathic and Organopathic Supportive Management of Sickle Cell Disorder: A Case Series of Six Patients from a Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Group in India.

Sickle cell disorder (SCD) is a hereditary blood disease characterized by an abnormality in the oxygen-carrying protein hemoglobin present in red blood cells. Genetic abnormality causes these cells to become sickle-shaped, with shorter lifespan. Vaso-occlusive crisis is a major symptom of SCD: it is a sudden and severe episode of pain, and occurs when sickle-shaped cells block blood flow. This blockage can lead to tissue damage, inflammation and pain. This case series aims to observe the clinical outcomes from prescribing individualized homeopathic medicines along with organopathic supportive medicine in the management of SCD through the analysis of case studies of six patients from a particularly vulnerable tribal group (PVTG) in India that manifests genetic predisposition for the disease. The patients were administered individualized homeopathic and organopathic supportive medicines, after a comprehensive door-to-door survey and subsequent screening, conducted between October 2020 and May 2023 in the Dindori and Mandla districts of the central Indian state, Madhya Pradesh. Clinical symptoms, laboratory parameters including hemoglobin, along with scores from a visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain and from the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQoL) Questionnaire, were determined. Individualized homeopathic and organopathic supportive management led to improvements in clinical symptoms for all six patients. Laboratory test results showed a statistically significant increase in hemoglobin level associated with treatment. The VAS for pain indicated decreased pain frequency and severity. WHOQoL scores also improved, indicating enhanced well-being for each patient. No adverse effects were reported during treatment. This study suggests that individualized homeopathic medicine and organopathic supportive management have a beneficial role in managing SCD and may be valuable in the context of PVTGs in India. To establish a more comprehensive understanding of its efficacy, further studies should involve larger cohorts to allow for a thorough evaluation, including comparative analyses with standard therapies.

Clinico-laboratory outcomes of plasma transfusion in the Egyptian’s pediatric intensive care units—a prospective observational study

BackgroundDespite the paucity of data supporting their indications, plasma transfusions (PT) are regularly administered for critically ill patients (CIP) in pediatric intensive care units (PICU). The aim of this study was to identify the actual indications for PT in the Egyptian’s PICUs and determine to what extent it affects the clinic-laboratory outcomes for CIP.MethodsA prospective observational study was conducted for 6 months on 180 CIP in PICUs of Cairo University Hospital who received plasma for at least one time during their length of stay (LOS). Full history, examination, and investigations were obtained from the medical records.ResultsPlasma was transfused in 64.4% of the studied population to support moderate and severe critical illness identified by multiple organ dysfunction score (MODS). Meanwhile, subjective-based physician conceptions accounted for 12.8% of all indications for plasma transfusion. PT in CIP was associated with a significant reduction in platelet count, prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time, and international normalized ratio with p-value < 0.001, while there was a significant increase in hemoglobin level with p-value < 0.001. A statistically positive correlation exists between the time interval between admission and 1st PT and LOS with a p-value < 0.001 being shorter with earlier transfusion. Of the 180 patients enrolled in this study, seventy patients (38.9%) died, while 110 patients (61.1%) survived. A statistically significant increase in mechanical ventilation (MV) (p = 0.004), total number of PT (p < 0.001), and MODS score (p < 0.001) were recorded in dead CIP compared with survivors.ConclusionModerate and severe critical illness identified by MODS was the most frequent cause for PT in the Egyptian’s PICUs. Early, precise, and objectively based PT has a strong role in improving the outcomes in CIP.

Cerebral hemodynamics and oxygenation in adult patients with sickle cell disease after stem cell transplantation.

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is characterized by chronic hemolytic anemia associated with impaired cerebral hemodynamics and oxygen metabolism. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is currently the only curative treatment for patients with SCD. Whereas normalization of hemoglobin levels and hemolysis markers has been reported after HSCT, its effects on cerebral perfusion and oxygenation in adult SCD patients remain largely unexplored. This study investigated the effects of HSCT on cerebral blood flow (CBF), oxygen delivery, cerebrovascular reserve (CVR), oxygen extraction fraction (OEF), and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2 ) in 17 adult SCD patients (mean age: 25.0 ± 8.0, 6 females) before and after HSCT and 10 healthy ethnicity-matched controls (mean age: 28.0 ± 8.8, 6 females) using MRI. For the CVR assessment, perfusion scans were performed before and after acetazolamide as a vasodilatory stimulus. Following HSCT, gray and white matter (GM and WM) CBF decreased (p < .01), while GM and WM CVR increased (p < .01) compared with the baseline measures. OEF and CMRO2 also increased towards levels in healthy controls (p < .01). The normalization of cerebral perfusion and oxygen metabolism corresponded with a significant increase in hemoglobin levels and decreases in reticulocytes, total bilirubin, and LDH as markers of hemolysis (p < .01). This study shows that HSCT results in the normalization of cerebral perfusion and oxygen metabolism, even in adult patients with SCD. Future follow-up MRI scans will determine whether the observed normalization of cerebral hemodynamics and oxygen metabolism prevents new silent cerebral infarcts.

Efektivitas Konsumsi Buah Naga dan Fe terhadap Peningkatan Kadar Hemoglobin pada Ibu Hamil dengan Anemia

The government has carried out a TTD program but the prevalence of anemia still cannot be reduced. The red Dragon Fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) is effective for controlling iron deficiency and is almost entirely absorbable and helps increase iron absorption from food through the formation of ferrous ascorbate complexes. This study aims to determine the tendency of increasing hemoglobin (Hb) levels in anemic pregnant women before and after giving blood enhancer supplements and dragon fruit. This research method uses a quasy experiment research design. The population of this study is anemic pregnant women recorded in the Awayan Health Center area in December – January 2023. The final hemoglobin content of the intervention group was mostly not anemic amounted to 14 people (93.33%), while the hemoglobin content of the control group was mostly mild anemia amounted to 9 people (29.97%). Research shows that there is a significant increase in hemoglobin levels between before and after blood enhancer tablets and dragon fruit additives where p value = 0.000 and there is an effect of Hb levels after intervention from test results 1.1 times with a confidence level of 95%.&#x0D; &#x0D;

An observational study of childhood iron deficiency anaemia and the factors affecting the outcome of oral iron therapy

Background: Iron deficiency is the most common cause of anaemia worldwide. In-depth studies examining facilitators and barriers to oral iron therapy are lacking. The aim of our study is to determine the factors affecting the outcome of oral iron therapy in iron deficiency anaemia. Methods: This is an observational study conducted in a tertiary hospital in Mumbai in children in the age group of 12 to 60 months. Out of a total of 416 children screened, 208 were eligible for oral iron therapy and were given oral iron in the dose of 3 milligrams per kilogram per day and reviewed after two months. A comprehensive questionnaire was given to parents after the completion of therapy to study the factors affecting iron therapy. The details were then analysed using Excel sheets, and correlation was calculated using SPSS program version 20.0. Results: After 2 months of oral iron therapy, IDA was corrected in 68.98%. Factors that led to an unsatisfactory outcome with iron therapy were, history of low birth weight, past hospital admissions, gastrointestinal side effects, malnutrition, and children who had tea, milk, or food with iron therapy. In contrast, children who took iron on an empty stomach and along with vitamin C-rich foods had a significant increase in haemoglobin levels. Conclusions: Various modifiable factors affect adherence and outcome of oral iron therapy. Tea and Coffee are to be avoided when the child is on iron therapy. Meticulous counselling of parents and children is pivotal for the successful management of IDA with oral iron therapy.

Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on the Hemoglobin Level in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients on Hemodialysis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of vitamin D supplementation on hemoglobin levels (Hb) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) undergoing hemodialysis. A systematic search was conducted in electronic databases (PubMed/Medline, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar) from inception to April 21, 2023. Inclusion criteria were applied to select relevant studies. Statistical analyses were performed using Review Manager 5.4.1. A random-effects model was used to address heterogeneity, and the mean difference (MD) with the corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) was reported. Ten studies were included in the analysis, comprising seven clinical trials, two randomized clinical trials, and one retrospective observational study. Subgroup analysis was conducted based on the duration of follow-up: 12 weeks, three months, six months, 12 months, 15 months, and 18 months. A significant increase in hemoglobin levels was observed after 12 months (MD = -0.98 [95% CI -1.88, -0.08]; p = 0.03; I2 = 91%) and 18 months (MD = -1.80 [95% CI -2.56, -1.04]; p < 0.00001; I2 = Not applicable). However, there was no statistically significant relationship between vitamin D supplementation and hemoglobin levels at 12 weeks, three months, six months, and 15 months. The pooled analysis demonstrated a significant increase in hemoglobin levels with vitamin D supplementation (MD = -0.61 [95% CI -0.96, -0.26]; p = 0.03; I2 = 60.7%). This analysis highlights the significant role of vitamin D supplementation in improving anemia in patients with CKD undergoing hemodialysis. Vitamin D supplementation was found to significantly increase hemoglobin levels, particularly after 12 months and 18 months of supplementation.

Features of the course of stable exertional angina against the background of iron deficiency anemia in outpatient practice

Introduction. Iron-deficiency accompanies many diseases, including cardiovascular pathology, so timely diagnosis and correction of this condition is necessary. Aim. To study the features of the course of stable exertional angina against the background of iron deficiency anemia before and after correction with iron (III) polymaltose hydroxide in patients in primary health care using a computerized patient register. Materials and methods. 1210 patients with stable exertional angina aged 50–85 years (309 men, 901 women) were included. A special computer program was created for data analysis. In 500 out of 1210 patients, IDA was detected (385 women, 115 men). Mild anemia – 410 patients, moderate – 75, severe – 15. The main group – patients with stable exertional angina and Irondeficiency anemia (the first subgroup – patients treated with iron (III) polymaltose hydroxide and the second subgroup – patients who did not receive the drug iron (III) polymaltose hydroxide due to refusal of treatment or contraindications) and the control group – patients with stable exertional angina without Iron-deficiency anemia. All patients received standard therapy recommended for the treatment of stable exertional angina (the main group additionally received iron (III) polymaltose hydroxide). Results. In the first subgroup of the main group, after treatment with iron (III) hydroxide polymaltose, there was a statistically significant increase in hemoglobin levels by 11,7%, hematocrit by 5%, erythrocytes by 4%, serum iron by 112,8%, and an improvement in exercise tolerance by 48,7%, episodes of ST segment depression by 30,2%. In the second subgroup and the control group, there were no significant changes in the above parameters. Conclusion. Iron-deficiency anemia contributes to the severe course of stable exertional angina, which is confirmed by the high frequency of III-IV functional class exertional angina, a decrease in tolerance to exercise stress. Correction of Iron-deficiency anemia reduces the frequency of episodes of transient myocardial ischemia in the main group.

5610224 THE USE OF LUSPATERCEPT IN PATIENTS WITH β -THALASSAEMIA AND MULTIPLE SYSTEMIC COMPLICATIONS INCREASES HEMOGLOBIN LEVEL, DECREASES TRANSFUSION BURDEN, AND IS UNAFFECTED BY COMPLICATIONS. SINGLE THALASSEMIA AND SICKLE CELL DEPARTEMENT’S EXPERIENCE.

Introduction: Luspatercept is a novel recombinant protein that improves erythroid maturation and has been shown to reduce the transfusion burden in transfusion dependent β -thalassemia patients. The aim of this study is to evaluate transfusion needs, biochemical markers, and biomarkers of tissue iron overload in transfusion-dependent patients with -thalassemia and comorbidities following Luspatercept administration. Methods: In a single department of thalassemia and sickle cell disease over a 9-month period, 17 patients (Women/Men: 9/8, mean age: 50.61 years)with transfusion-dependent β-thalassemia were evaluated 12 weeks before Luspatercept administration and 12 and 24 weeks after Luspatercept administration, respectively. (image1:genotypes and cormobidities)The authors evaluated hemoglobin levels, transfusion demands, transfusion intervals, and biochemical markers. In parallel, they evaluated clinical comorbidities, liver iron content (LIC), liver fibrosis by Fibroscan, and left ventricular ejection fraction. Other treatments were provided to patients according to standard clinical practice. SPSS was used to perform statistical analysis of the results. p0.05 indicates statistical significance. Results: In three patients, the dose was increased from 1 mg to 1.25 mg/kg after three cycles of luspatercept, while in one patient there was no response and treatment discontinued. Five of the seventeen patients terminated treatment due to fatigue (4/5) and lower extremity edema (1/5). A non-statistically significant improvement in liver fibrosis and LIC was reported 24 weeks following the onset of treatment, whereas the ejection fraction improved. At 12 weeks, there was a statistically significant increase in hemoglobin levels, a decrease in blood needs, and longer intervals between transfusions. Patients continue to demonstrate statistically significant improvement in terms of improved transfusion intervals and hemoglobin levels 24 weeks after initiating therapy. Except for the increase in uric acid and LDH, the remaining biomarkers continue to improve without a statistically significant effect at 24 weeks. Ferritin levels decreased over a period of 12 to 24 weeks. There was no statistical correlation among comorbidities (pulmonary hypertension, atrial fibrillation, hypogonadism, osteoporosis, albuminuria, thrombophilia, hepatitis C, extramedullary foci) and genotypes in luspatercept response (Detailed results in table 1). Conclusions: Treatment with Luspatercept in TD patients with beta-thalassemia major and severe comorbidities has a positive effect on therapeutic efficacy. Table - of the results displaying different parameters in 17 patients pre- and post- Luspatercept administration parameter baseline 12 wks 0 to 12 wks (p<0.05) 24 wks 0 to 24 wks(p<0.05) 12 to 24 wks(p<0.05) Hb (g/dl) 10.11 11.4 <0.001 10.50 0.150 <0.001 transfused blood volume 3227 2427 <0.001 2320 0.054 <0.001 transfusion interval 15.58 21.76 <0.001 22.53 <0.001 <0.001 LIC 6.31 5.51 0,089 Fibroscan 7.57 6.82 0.093 E.F 56.59 59.53 0.011 Ferritin 1704 1204 0.139 816 0.234 0.014 LDH 311 328 0.720 412 0.263 <0.001 Uric Acid 5.5 5.7 0.421 6.38 0.28 <0.001

Biskuit daun kelor (Moringa oleifera) berpengaruh terhadap kadar hemoglobin pada remaja putri yang anemia

Moringa leaves (Moringa oleifera) are a plant that contains many multi-nutrients, especially Fe, folate, Ca, and phosphorus. Moringa leaves contain iron which is an essential element for forming hemoglobin. This study aims to determine the effect of giving Moringa leaf biscuits on the hemoglobin levels of anemic adolescent girls. This research is quantitative field research. This research was conducted at the Hufadzul Qur'an Al Asror Islamic Boarding School in Semarang in 2021 with a sample of 37 anemic adolescent girls. The sample used the total sampling method. Data were collected through interviews and 24-hour recall. Hb level examination through the Sahli method and BMI measurement based on weight and height. Statistical analysis was Paired sample t-test and Linear Regression test. The results showed that the average hemoglobin level of adolescent girls before the intervention was 10,8 g/dl, and the average hemoglobin level after the intervention was 12,9 g/dl. After the intervention, 33 respondents did not experience anemia, and four still had anemia. The respondents' average energy, protein, and iron intake was sufficient, with an energy intake of 2139 kcal/day, protein 63,1 g/day, and iron 23,1 mg/day. Statistical results showed a significant increase in hemoglobin levels before and after the intervention (p= 0,001). The conclusion is that giving Moringa leaf biscuits has an effect on the enhancement of hemoglobin levels of anemic adolescent girls.

Biochemical Impact of Carica Papaya (Pawpaw) leaves Extract and Ruzu Bitters on Hematology and Brain Histology in Sprague Dawley Rats

Plant-based products have been utilized for nutritional and medicinal purposes for decades. Although the reported benefits of &lt;em&gt;Carica papaya &lt;/em&gt;(Pawpaw) leave extract, its role in hematology, brain histology, and the possible side effect are still areas of research deliberation. Thirty (30) male Sprague Dawley rats, divided into three groups, were fed on rat chow and normal saline, &lt;em&gt;Carica papaya &lt;/em&gt;leaves extract and Ruzu bitters, respectively. Blood chemistry, hematology, and brain histology were assayed to ascertain their effects on brain structure and biochemical changes. White blood cells, hemoglobin, red blood cells, platelets, and packed cell volume were carefully evaluated. In the sub-chronic test, there were no significant changes in PCV (%) in the papaya extract and Ruzu bitters group, relative to the control. There was a significant increase in hemoglobin levels in the papaya and Ruzu bitters groups. &lt;em&gt;Carica papaya &lt;/em&gt;leaves extract and Ruzu bitters significantly increased certain serum biochemistry parameters (&lt;em&gt;p &lt;/em&gt;&lt; 0.05), compared to the control group. Our study revealed that &lt;em&gt;C. papaya&lt;/em&gt; leaves extract possess an immunomodulatory effect and did not show any detrimental effect on the brain histology, liver, and general well-being, unlike Ruzu bitters. The neuroprotective effect of the extract is apparent from the intact brain structure of treated rats compared to the other group, (&lt;em&gt;p &lt;/em&gt;&lt; 0.05). The hydro-ethanol leaf extract of &lt;em&gt;Carica papaya &lt;/em&gt;possesses neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, anti-hemolytic and immunomodulatory effects compared to the Ruzu bitters. However, both extracts’ long-term administration should be taken cautiously and further investigated.

The efficacy, acceptability and continuation of postpartum, post-abortive progestin-only pill: a pioneering prospective multicentric study from Turkey

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy, side-effects and continuation rate of the desogestrel-progestin-only-pill (POP) in postpartum and post-abortive Turkish women and its relation with breast-feeding. In this prospective multicentric study women who delivered (or had surgical abortion) and wanted to receive POP for contraception were recruited to the study. The follow-up visits were scheduled at the third, sixth and ninth months. Overall A total of 7,468 women (66.5% postpartum, 33.5% post-abortive) participated in the study. The number of women who attended follow-up visits in relation to the previous visit at the third, sixth and ninth months was 944/7,468 (12.6%), 406/944 (43%) and 121/406 (29.8%) respectively. The incidence of breastfeeding at all visits was between 54.8% and 68.4%. Out of the 7,468 women recruited only 6% continued with the method at the end of the ninth month. There was a statistically significant increase in hemoglobin level at the third month compared to initial values. Oligomenorrhea, spotting and headache were the three leading side-effects. There was no pregnancy among the patients who were followed up. This study demonstrated that POP was an effective postpartum and post-abortive contraceptive method that had no negative impact on breast-feeding. A change in bleeding patterns was the most common side-effect. However, the possible causes of low contraceptive maintenance rates need to be investigated.