Significant Improvement In Experimental Group Research Articles

Prospective clinical study to evaluate efficacy of Vasantkusumakar Rasa (Herbomineral preparation) on Psychological health of patients of Madhumeha (Diabetes Mellitus)

Diabetes Mellitus although a modern terminology it has been known to mankind since long through ancient Ayurvedic treatises with name Prameha (Diabetes). As the incidence & prevalence of DM with complications along with its ill effects on psychological health is growing rapid. Due to Consistent stress blood sugar control becomes difficult. So, to search a drug which may improve psychological health is need of an hour. Vasantkusumakar Rasa is one of such drugs mentioned in Ayurveda compendia as treatment protocol of Prameha (Diabetes) also the one which is reputed for its rejuvenating property. This Herbomineral composition is also known to improve psychological health. Its efficacy to improve psychological state in patients of DM i.e. Madhumeha (DM) is evaluated in this study. Herbomineral compound i.e. Vasantkusumakar Ras 125mg two times a day with Luke warm water before meal for one month to 37 patients in experimental group as a add on therapy in continuation to their standard medicines. In control group 31 patients were continued their regular standard protocol medicines for DM. To study the effect of drug following parameters were analyzed on 0th day and on 30th day of study. Parameters included for study are Blood sugar level, Symptoms of Madhumeha (DM), Manas Bhav (Psychological traits) and psychiatric rating scale. These parameters show significant improvement in experimental group but no such effect was found in Control group.

Effect Of Adjunt Sports Specific Drill Training on Selected Fitness Parameters in Amateur Lawn Tennis Players

Lawn tennis, game in which two opposing players or pairs of players use tautly strung rackets to hit a ball of specified size, weight, and bounce over a net on a rectangular court. Tennis is characterized by the execution of a series of high intensity and explosive actions, sprints, changes of direction and abrupt deceleration; these specific movements put the tennis player under physical stress. 1 this component of training is as such termed as agility. The percentage of lower limb injuries in lawn tennis in players is 73%.  Hence there is a need of designing an optimal conditioning program for improvement of agility and sprint performance which may reduce the risk of injuries and to improve the quality of performance. AIM was to find the effect of sports specific drill training on selected fitness parameters in amateur lawn tennis players. 50 purposive sample, using experimental study for 6 weeks in lawn tennis players. Result The pre and post training results of descriptive statistics and paired T test shows significant improvement in experimental group for  agility test  (t = 5.220 and p=<0.0001 ) And 10 meter sprint (t=5.432 and p= <0.0001)There is Statistically significant difference  post training with illionos agility test and ten meter sprint test in experimental group  as compared to control group was seen post training session. Conclusion The present study concluded an effect of sports specific drill training has effect on Agility test and sprint test timings. &nbsp

Effectiveness of Brisk Walking on VO2 Max, Agility and Flexibility in Physically Inactive Children

Background and Objectives: Physical inactivity is on the ascent in today's technology environment, and it is one of the main risk factors for noncommunicable diseases and death worldwide. It raises the risk of a broad range of lifestyle diseases. Physical inactivity is the world's fourth largest cause of death. The use of tech gadgets and transportation infrastructure may lead to a higher level of physical inactivity in children and adolescents, which has an impact on their physical fitness and academic performance. To encourage physical exercise and fitness, early intervention is required. Therefore, this study was undertaken to determine the effect of brisk walking on VO2 Max, agility, and flexibility in physically inactive children Methodology: Thirty subjects were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, then divided in to two groups. Group A (Experimental group = 15) received warm up exercise, brisk walking and cool down exercises. Group B (control group = 15) does not receive any exercise. Exercise programme was held for 3 days per week for 40 minutes for 6 weeks. Pre and post measurements were taken using queen college step test for VO2 Max, agility t test and modified sit and reach test for flexibility. Results & Discussion: Paired t test is used to analyze the results within the group and independent t test were used to analyze the results between the group. The significant level kept at p ≤ 0.05. From pre to post six week intervention, a statistically significant changes were observed in all outcome measures. In paired t test VO2 Max, flexibility and agility expressed significant improvement in experimental group. In case of independent t test all the three parameters of the experimental group expressed significant improvement compared to control group. Conclusion: The study concluded that brisk walking exercise is effective in improving VO2 Max, agility and flexibility in physically inactive children. The experimental group shows significant improvement in all three parameters compared to control group. Keywords: Brisk walking, VO2 Max, agility, Flexibility, Physical inactivity, Queen college step test, modified sit and reach test, Agility t test.

Promote Positive Behaviors in Preschoolers by Implementing an Innovative Educational Program for the Training and Development of Social and Emotional Skills (DeCo-S.E.).

The purpose of our research is to determine emotional and behavioural modelling in an emotionally safe environment in a group of kindergarten preschoolers, following the application of an innovative curriculum project, designed and implemented for the first time, Educational Program for the training and development of social and emotional skills (DeCo-S.E.). Eighteen teachers, involved in the research, were divided into two samples: the experimental group (EG) consisting of 10 preschool teachers who were trained to take up the DeCo-S.E. program, and the control group (GC) including eight preschool teachers who applied the classic educational strategies. The DeCo-S.E. program is aimed at developing social and emotional skills (emotion identification, frustration tolerance), reducing behavior problems, and solving problems with peers as part of the training process. The study also included 142 children in their last year at kindergarten, aged X ± SD 5.87 ± 2.87 years old, divided into two groups: the EG consisting of 74 children to whom the experimental program was implemented and the GC comprising 72 children who did not take part in the training program. In the present study, we applied only the Preschool and Kindergarten Behavior Scales for Teachers (PKBS-2) questionnaire to children in the pre- and post-experimental phases. The results were processed with the statistical software SPSS 22. The analysis of the scores of the questionnaire applied to the children highlighted a significant improvement in EG on both scales. The study reveals the effectiveness of the Development of social and emotional skills programs in preschool children has proven its effectiveness by reducing undesirable/maladaptive behaviours and positively developing socio-emotional skills in preschool children.

Improving creativy and learning motivation in basketball through tactical approach

Students assumed that learning basketball is less fun and students did not seem interested in following it. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a tactical approach in basketball learning on creativity and motivation. The method used in this study was "pre-experimental design" method in the form of "intact-group comparison". The sample in this study was the eleventh graders of State Junior High School 4 Lubuklinggau with total sample of 60 students. The instruments used in this study were creativity and motivation questionnaires using a Likert scale calculation. The result of research creativity showed that the p-value was lower than the significance level (0.0490.05). It means that there was a significant improvement in experimental group after receiving the treatment of tactical approach model in basketball learning. Therefore, it can be concluded that there is a significant effect of the tactical approach in basketball leaning on the creativity and learning motivation of the students at State Junior High School 4 Lubuklinggau.

Effect of Modified Shoe with Motor Relearning Programme on Timed Up and Go Test Values and Gait Parameters in Chronic Stroke Patients: Comparative Study

Background: Hemiplegia secondary to stroke contributes to problems associated with standing and walking.Hemiplegic patients suffer from poor balance, slow walking, and weak muscles. Shoe modification and foot orthosescan play an important role in the nonsurgical management of foot and ankle pathology. Therapeutic footwear maybe used to treat patients with diabetes, arthritis, neurologic conditions, traumatic injuries, congenital deformities,and sports-related injuries. These modalities may improve patient gait and increase the level of ambulation.Aims and objectives of the study: To analyse the effect of modified shoe with motor relearning programme onTimed Up and Go test values and gait parameters of chronic stroke patients.Data Analysis and Results: Pre intervention values of Timed Up and Go test (TUG) and gait parameters werehomogenous between control and experimental groups with p≥0.05 and post intervention values of TUG and gaitparameters were statistically significant improvement in experimental group where shoe modification with motorrelearning program with p≤0.05Conclusion: It was concluded that Modified Shoe with Motor Relearning Programme had statistically significantimprovement in the Timed Up and Go

To Study the Efficacy of Low Level Laser Therapy as Compared to Patellofemoral Mobilization along with Knee Strengthening Exercises (Conventional treatment) in Patients with Bilateral Patellofemoral Knee Osteoarthritis- A Randomised Split- Body Design.

Purpose: The main purpose of the study was to find out the effects of Low Level Laser Therapy in patients presenting with diagnosis of bilateral patellofemoral knee osteoarthritis. The objective of our research is: To improve functional outcome.
 Methodology: A split-body-experimental design was done by random sampling for 4 weeks. A minimum of 20 subjects (i.e., 40 knees) were assigned for the study and low level laser therapy was applied to the right 20 knee (experimental group) and left 20 knee (control group) received conventional treatment in bilateral osteoarthritis, therefore number of knees tested were 20 for low level laser therapy and other 20 will receive conventional treatment
 Result: Statistically significant improvement was indicated in respect to all parameters taken in WOMAC scale such as pain, stiffness and physical function. There was also significant decrease in swelling by both conventional and additional low level laser therapy. Improvements in all parameters of the experimental group were more statistically significant when compared to parameters of control group (p <0.05).
 Conclusion: This study suggests that there is significant improvement with additional Low Level Laser therapy as well as with conventional treatment in patients with patellofemoral knee osteoarthritis but there is more significant improvement in experimental group in which Low level laser therapy was given along with exercise program. There is decrease in pain, swelling and stiffness. Hence, addition of Low Level laser therapy in patella-femoral knee osteoarthritis is more effective than conventional treatment.
 Keywords: Patellofemoral osteoarthritis, Low Level laser therapy, knee joint, isometric strengthening.

Effect of Bilateral Repetitive Protraction in Antispastic Position Of Suspended Upper Extremity on Motor Performance and Scapular Position in Stroke

Purpose: To find out the effect of bilateral repetitive protraction of suspended upper extremity in anti-spastic position with conventional therapy in patients with hemiplegia due to stroke. Methodology: A total of 36 subjects of hemiplegia due to stroke (post stroke duration more than 3 months) were recruited and distributed in two groups. Group 1 received bilateral repetitive scapular protraction in anti-spastic position of suspended upper extremity along with scapular mobilization in addition to conventional therapeutic exercises. Group 2 received Conventional therapeutic exercises consisted of task specific activity such as bilateral activity on pegboard, ball throwing activity and reaching activities, bilateral active range of motion exercises and weight bearing exercises for upper extremity. Outcome Measures: Universal Goniometer measurements and Fugl-Meyer upper extremity scale were taken prior to the beginning of treatment and after the completion of 4 weeks treatment protocol. Results: Overall results of the study showed significant improvement in active range of motion of the affected upper extremity for shoulder and elbow except wrist in experimental group only. Scapular spine distance improved in both the groups but more significantly in the experimental group. Fugl-Meyer assessment of upper extremity showed more significant improvement in experimental group post 4 week of intervention. Conclusion: Bilateral repetitive protraction in anti-spastic position of suspended upper extremity along with conventional therapeutic exercises for 4 weeks is more effective in improving scapular position and upper extremity motor performance as compared to conventional therapeutic exercise alone.

A Voice Rehabilitation Protocol With the Semioccluded Ventilation Mask in Subjects With Symptoms of Vocal Fatigue and Phonatory Effort

The present study was designed to assess the efficacy of a six-session physiologic voice therapy program with the semioccluded ventilation mask (SOVM) in a group of subjects with voice complaints (vocal effort and fatigue). Thirty-four participants with functional dysphonia were randomly assigned to one of two treatment groups: (1) voice treatment with physiologic voice therapy plus vocal hygiene program (n=17), and (2) vocal hygiene program only (n=17). Laryngoscopic assessment was performed in all subjects to confirm laryngeal diagnosis. Before and after voice therapy, participants underwent aerodynamic assessment. The Voice Handicap Index (VHI), Vocal Tract Discomfort Scale (VTDS), and self-assessment of resonant voice were also performed. The treatment included six voice therapy sessions. For the experimental group, the exercises consisted of a sequence of seven phonatory tasks performed with the SOVM. Comparison for all variables was performed between experimental group and control group. Statistical analysis showed significant improvements for experimental group for VHI (decrease), VTDS (decrease), and self-perception of resonant voice quality (increase). Significant decrease for experimental group was observed in subglottic pressure and phonation threshold pressure. Physiologic voice therapy based on the SOVM with connected speech exercises seems to be an effective tool to improve voice in subjects diagnosed with voice complaints. Apparently, improvements are reflected in both subjective and objective outcomes. A reduction in phonatory effort and perceptual aspects of vocal fatigue are the main subjective improvements. A decrease in air pressure-related variables seems to be the most important objective change after voice therapy.

Effectiveness of a physiologic voice therapy program based on different semioccluded vocal tract exercises in subjects with behavioral dysphonia: A randomized controlled trial

PurposeThe present study aimed to assess the effectiveness of a physiologic voice therapy program based on different semioccluded vocal tract exercises in subjects with behavioral dysphonia. MethodsThirty-four participants with behavioral dysphonia were randomly assigned to one of two treatment groups: 1) voice treatment with physiologic voice therapy plus vocal hygiene program (n=20), and 2) vocal hygiene program only (n=14). Laryngoscopic assessment was performed in all subjects. Before and after voice therapy, participants underwent aerodynamic, electroglottographic, and acoustic assessment. The Voice Handicap Index (VHI), Voice symptom scale (VoiSs), Vocal tract discomfort scale (VTDS), and self-assessment of resonant voice quality were also performed. The treatment included eight voice therapy sessions. For the experimental group, the exercises consisted of a sequence of seven phonatory tasks performed with four different semioccluded vocal tract exercises (SOVTE). Comparison for all variables were performed between experimental group and control group. ResultsWilcoxon test showed significant improvements for experimental group for VHI, VoiSs, VTDS (decrease), and self-perception of resonant voice quality (increase). Significant decrease for experimental groups was observed on subglottic pressure, phonation threshold pressure, and glottal airflow across the implemented tasks. ConclusionPhysiologic voice therapy based on semioccluded vocal tract exercises seems to be an effective tool to improve voice in subjects diagnosed with behavioral dysphonia. Apparently, most changes should be expected in variables related to physical and functional aspects compared to objective variables. Subglottic pressure and phonation threshold pressure seem to be the most change-sensitive parameters and they may reflect a reduction in phonatory effort reported by patients after voice therapy.

To Know the Effectiveness of Rocker Board Training Programe on Trunk Balance and Gait in Subjects with Stroke

Stroke is a clinical syndrome with signs of focal or global disturbance of cerebral functions with apparent causes of vascular origin. Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability in India. As per available literature, in India 104.39 deaths per 1’00’000 populations. The incidence rate was 99.54 per 1,00,000 in men and 149.49 per 1,00,00 in women. 80 percent of stroke patents didn’t survive after 10 years. Moreover stroke patients face balance problems which limit lower limb functional activities which demand rapid and optimal improvement of postural control for their independence, social participation and general health. Balance training, on Rocker Board in sitting position has proved to be effective in improving balance in stroke patients, but there is no available study evaluated effectiveness of balance training program on Rocker Board in standing position which is an urgent need for stroke patients with difficulty in standing balance. To fill this gap, the present research work studied the effectiveness of Rocker Board training program on balance and gait in stroke patients with the help of‘Berg balance scale’(BBS), ‘Functional reach test’(FRT) and ‘Timed walking test’(TWT).Values obtained were compared by using a paired t-test. According to obtained values the pre and posttest values of BBS, FRT, TWT had shown a significant effect on ‘p’ values <0.05 in experimental group and after 6 weeks of intervention protocol, the present study concludes that the trunk balance and gait have significant improvement in experimental group than the control group

Evaluating the efficacy of context-focused intervention in improving performance of functional tasks in preschool children with central nervous system dysfunction

Background: Children with central nervous dysfunction should be given a variety of long-term physical and occupational therapy interventions to facilitate their self-development and to enhance functional independence in movement, self-care, play, school activities and leisure. The present study aimed to investigate the benefit of implementing context-focused intervention approach along with occupational therapy intervention in children with CNS dysfunctions.Methods: This randomized case control study conducted in 30 children with CNS dysfunction aging between 12 months to 48 months were randomly divided into control and experimental groups consisting of 15 children in each group. Control group received conventional occupational therapy for 45 min, and experimental group received context-focused intervention approach for 30 min along with conventional occupational therapy for 15 min (thrice a week). The patients were evaluated at baseline, after 12 and 24 weeks of follow up period on Canadian occupational performance measure (COPM) to evaluate parental perception about intervention, GMFM (gross motor function measure) to study the motor ability of the patient and ICF-CY (International classification of functioning, disability and health for children and youth) for activity participation and performance with evaluation of context.Results: Significant progress in the satisfaction score during 2nd and 3rd follow ups were noted (p &lt;0.001) in experimental group. All the activities in GMFM score except lying and rolling showed significant improvement in experimental group (p &lt;0.001). In experimental group a significant improvement in performance qualifier of ICF was seen during follow ups (p&lt;0.001). The capacity qualifier scoring of ICF was improved in experimental group during 2nd follow up (p = 0.006). Progress in environmental scores of ICF during all the follow ups was noted (p &lt;0.001) in experimental group. Significant correlation in GMFM scores and COPM performance score was noted during last follow-up in both the groups.Conclusions: The findings of the study showed positive results with context focused therapy and thus can be inferred that new intervention approach context focused therapy along with the conventional occupational therapy is very effective in improving the performance of functional tasks in children with CNS dysfunction.

Effectiveness of cognitive orientation to daily occupational performance to improve shopping skills in children with learning disability

Background: Studies reports that children with learning disability were more dependent in shopping skills than typical children, and studies reports that shopping experience will promote cognitive and social development and understanding the sequences of events involved in shopping is clearly one of the most important aspects of transaction knowledge, there are many approaches to improve shopping skills. Hence, till date, the cognitive orientation to daily occupational performance (COOP) approach is not done in learning disability to improve shopping skills. Objectives: The aim and objectives of this study are to find out the effectiveness of COOP to improve the shopping skills in children with learning disability. Study Design: Two group pre- and post-test quasi-experimental design. Methods: Totally 30 children diagnosed with learning disability based on inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in this study and children were divided into two groups 15 in experimental group and 15 in control group. Assessment tools such as Test of grocery shopping skills (TOGSS), Canadian occupational performance measure (COPM), and Performance quality rating scale (PQRS) were used as outcome measures. Experimental group underwent regular occupational therapy and COOP intervention and control group underwent regular occupational therapy and money handling skills training for 36 sessions within 12 weeks. Scores obtained were subjected to statistical analysis. Results: Statistical analysis using independent t-test of pre- and post-test scores of TOGSS where P = 0.001 (<0.05), COPM and PQRS where P = 0.001 (<0.05) shows significant improvement in shopping skills in learning disability children, Effect size of TOGSS, COPM, and PQRS were greater in the experimental group. Thus, finding of this study indicated that there was a significant improvement in experimental group when compared to control group. Conclusion: COOP approach showed significant improvement in shopping skills for learning disability children and children were satisfied with their performance. Thus, COOP approach is effective in improving shopping skills for learning disability children.

Horticultural Therapy Program Based on the Self-expression Model for Improving Adjustment to Military Life

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of horticultural therapy (HT) program based on the self-expression model for improving adjustment to military life of soldiers in military service. A total of 60 soldiers in air force located in Gyeonggi province, South Korea were participated in this study. Soldiers were randomly divided into experimental group (n=30) and control group (n=30). A HT program that consisted of a 10-session was developed for this study and was conducted from August to October of 2014. The main activities in the HT program were planting, making crafts by using plants, and flower arrangement. Feeling expression that is a part of the self-expression model was separated by three stages such as intimacy and relationship formation stage, situational awareness and emotional expression stage, and strengthen inner insight (emotional overcome) and emotion defuse stage. Moreover, the selected relevant factors such as depression, anxiety, interpersonal relationships, etc. were applied to the each session for improvement adjustment to military life of soldiers. After finishing the HT program, anxiety, depression, ego-resilience, interpersonal relationships, and adjustment to military life showed a significant improvement in experimental group except the variable, stress to military life. In the control group, there was no significant difference in the six variables after the HT program. The participants in the experimental group reported a high level of satisfaction for the HT program in the satisfaction survey. In conclusions, the HT program based on the self-expression model for improving adjustment to military life of soldiers showed significantly significant improvements. Additionally, it would be interesting to investigate the effects of HT program for improving adjustment to military life to cared soldier who is more serious problem in the military service. Keywords: anxiety, depression, ego-resilience, gardening, interpersonal relationships

Efficacy of Education with Balance Exercise Program in improving balance and reducing the fear of falls in elderly: A Randomized Clinical trial.

Background: The elderly population is probably among the most sensitive groups of people regarding decline of postural stability and general mobility. The consequences of a fall may be Physical, Psychological or social affecting elderly from minor injuries to major fractures. Objective: To determine the efficacy of education with Balance Exercise in improving balance and reducing the fear of falls in elderly. Materials and Methods: 60 subjects were selected on the basis of selection criteria and were randomly allocated to the Experimental group (n=30) and to the Conventional group (n=30) .Subjects in the Conventional Group received Balance training and in the Experimental Group Received Balance training along with education programme. Sessions were conducted twice weekly and each session was conducted for between 15 and 35 min for 6 weeks. Pre and Post Intervention scores were taken using Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and Activity Specific Balance Confidence Scale (ABC). Results: The results suggested that there was improvement in mean change scores of BBS and ABC after treatment in Experimental group and Conventional group. But statistical analysis reveals that there was more significant improvement in Experimental group with a change scores of 4.567 in BBS and 6.89 in ABC. (p value ≤0.05). Conclusion: There was statistically more significant improvement in Experimental group than Conventional group.

Effect of some selected exercises on the hitting performance of college softball players

The purpose of the study was to find out the effect of some selected exercises on the hitting performance of college softball players. The Objectives of this study was to find out whether there is any significant difference in the hitting performance of college softball players For this study 40 male softball players (40 Softball Male players of different faculties run by Bharatiya Mahavidyalaya, Amravati) were selected as a sample. The age of the subjects were raining between 18-25 years to all the subjects and all of them voluntarily agreed to the test and training programme. All these subjects was equally distributed in equal numbers in to homogeneous groups, and named as experimental (A) and control (B) groups the experiment group has under gone the training programme for a period of six weeks. The data on selected criterion based on the test of hitting the ball on pitching on that pitching. On that pitching 3 balls are recommended to each one and longest hit was recorded before and at the and at the end of the six weeks experimental programme. To find out the training effect, t-test was employed to determine the significant mean difference between pre-test and post-test score of both groups. The data was further treated with t-test, to find out the significant difference in between the post-test scores of experimental and control group. The level of significance was set at 0.05 level of confidence. The difference between the pre-test and post-test means of control group did not show any significant difference as the calculated t value of 2.262 at 0.05 level of confidence. The difference between the pre-test and post-test mean of experimental group was significant at 0.05 level. As the calculated t value of 3.051 was greater than the tabulated t 0.05 (9) of 2.262. The finding of the table revealed that there was a significant improvement in experimental group while compared with control group, because the obtained t-ratio value of 2.969 was greater than that of tabulated t value of 2.262 at 0.05 level confidence. The gain in the performance by the selected subjects of experimental group may be due to the nature of training and practice for six weeks which required by the development of hitting performance of college softball players.

Inspiratory Muscle Training using Deep Breathing Exercises and Incentive Spirometer on Lung Function in Immediate Post Partum Mothers

Objective : Immediate postpartum period imposes both abdominal weakness due to caesarean section along with week abdominal wall muscles due to sustained stretch and reduced thoracic expansion. Patients undergoing caesarean section have been reported to develop pulmonary dysfunction with reduced vital capacity for at least a week postoperatively. The study aimed to evaluate the effect of inspiratory muscle training using incentive spirometer and deep breathing exercises on lung functions in immediate postpartum mothers with caesarean section. Design : A randomized controlled trial. Method : 60 postpartum women with caesarean section were recruited. 30 in control group received diaphragmatic breathing exercisesa30 in experimental group received diaphragmatic breathing exercises and inspiratory muscle training with incentive spirometer. Pre and post intervention values of FEV1 and incentive spirometer reading and abdominal strength were taken as outcome measures. Results : The pre and post inter group comparison of FEV1 and incentive spirometer reading showed statistically significant improvement in experimental group as compared to control group with p<0.05. However no significant difference was seen in abdominal muscle strength in both the groups. Conclusion : The study concludes that inspiratory muscle training using incentive spirometer along with diaphragmatic breathing improves lung functions in immediate postpartum women with caesarean section, which can help in early return to functional activities.

Effectiveness of Strain Counterstrain Technique on Quadratus Lumborum Trigger Point in Low Back Pain

Quadratus lumborum (QL) myofascial trigger points (MTrP) are well documented in low back pain (LBP) patients. There is a Growing body of evidence suggesting that Strain counterstrain technique (SCS) is an effective treatment for the pain associated with MTrP. Literature is sparse regarding the effectiveness of SCS on MTrP in QL in LBP subjects. We studied the immediate effects of SCS on pain intensity & functional outcome in subjects having LBP with MTrP in QL. 40 subjects were randomly allocated into two groups. The Control group (CG) received moist heat, & the Experimental group (EG) received moist heat & SCS technique. Outcome measures were Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) & Patient Specific Functional Scale (PSFS).Pain scores(VAS) Showed Statistically significant differences within the groups (P<0.0001), while clinically significant improvement was seen only in EG with mean difference (3.75) , 95% confidence interval (4.17,3.04), PSFS also showed significant improvement in EG.

English

INTRODUCTION: Low back pain is a common reason for seeing a physiotherapist in primary care. The goal for the therapist managing these patients is to select the appropriate treatment for each patient. The medical professionals in primary care most commonly classify these patients with patho-anatomically labeled categories. However, there appear to be a wide diversity in the opinion as to the pattern of signs and symptoms. There is strong evidence that exercise therapy is more effective than usual care by general practitioners, and that exercise therapy and conventional physiotherapy (consisting of a combination of hot packs, massage, traction, mobilization, short wave diathermy, ultrasound etc.) are equally effective for the treatment of these patients. McKenzie extension exercises help in reducing the pain and increase the mobility as compared to the conventional physiotherapy treatment alone. AIM & OBJECTIVE: Present study done to compare efficacy of McKenzie extension exercise over conventional method of short wave diathermy in extension dysfunction syndrome. MATERIAL & METHOD: Total 30 samples (patients) of age 35-50 years were selected. Patients with complaint of low back pain were further assessed to diagnose extension dysfunction syndrome. Study was Quasi experimental in nature, randomized technique was adopted. Patients kept under control group received short wave diathermy only whereas patients kept in experimental group received McKenzie extension exercise in addition to short wave diathermy. With the help of VAS (Visual analogue scale) for pain, relief in extension pain assessed in both groups on 1st, 5th, 10th & 15th day of treatment. Test used- independent't' test using SPSS & Graph Pad instat3 (trial version).RESULT: The mean improvement between the initial & final scores of the control group was 4.06 ±1.24 and that of experimental group was 3.45 ±1.08 and on calculation the't' value was found to be 3.24 hence p<0.05 which implies that there was significant difference between two groups.CONCLUSION: There was definite decrease in value of VAS in both the groups but there was more significant improvement in experimental group in comparison to the control group. It may be quite safely stated that McKenzie technique is an effective, scientific and

Effect of Thoracic Lymphatic Pump Technique on Pulmonary Function in COPD Patients

Introduction: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is characterized by chronic airflow limitation, range of pathological changes in the lung, some significant extra-pulmonary effects, and important co-morbidities and risk factors which may contribute to the severity of the disease in individual patients. Once developed, COPD and its co-morbidities cannot be cured, so must be treated continuously. Treatment options include not only pharmacological & surgical therapies but also use of osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT). If OMT can reduce pain & immobility associated with pulmonary disease, then it should increase thoracic excursion. Aim: To analyze whether the application of the Thoracic Lymphatic Pump without activation on COPD patients influences their lung function parameters. Methodology: An Experimental Cross Sectional Study with 50 COPD diagnosed patients with COPD grade I - III according to GOLD guidelines were divided in two groups, 25 in Experimental Group(A) & 25 in Control Group(B). Pulmonary function test(Measuring VC, FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC RATIO, PEF and FEF) was the outcome measure. Group A was given the TLP manipulation and 10 mins nebulization. Group B was given only nebulization. Results: There were significant improvements in the VC, FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC values of both the groups. The FEF values showed significant improvements in experimental group as compared to control group. The means of the difference between the pre and post values of both the groups showed no statistical significance.