Significant Differences In Hemoglobin Concentrations Research Articles

The Effect of Moringa oleifera to Hemoglobin Levels of Preconception Women in the Health Center Tibawa District Tibawa, Gorontalo

BACKGROUND: The maternal mortality rate (MMR) in Gorontalo Province is still high at 194.7/100,000 live births. Causes of high MMR include bleeding and anemia. 
 AIM: This study aimed to assess the effect of giving Moringa oleifera extract on the hemoglobin concentration of preconception women in the area of the health center Tibawa.
 METHODS: This research method was a true experiment with a type of randomized controlled double-blind intervention of WUS aged 15–35 years with a sample of 44 people selected using purposive sampling techniques collected by trained personnel, including general data of respondents.
 RESULTS: The results showed nutritional status and hemoglobin concentration in the treatment group of 12 people (54%) with an increase in Hb 0.1–1.0 g/dl and ten people (45%) with an increase in Hb 1.5–2.0 g/dl after the intervention, whereas in the control group of five people (22%) with an increase in Hb 0.1–1.0 g/dl and 17 people (77%), there was no increase in Hb after the intervention. There was a significant difference in hemoglobin concentration in the treatment group with p = 0.000 (p < 0.05) with an average increase of 1.54. There was a significant difference in hemoglobin concentration in controls with p = 0.025 (p < 0.05) with an average increase of 0.22.
 CONCLUSION: There is a difference in the effect between administration of M. oleifera extract that is more effective on hemoglobin concentration compared to MMN. It is hoped that in supporting government programs in reducing anemia in women of childbearing age, M. oleifera extract can be an alternative to giving blood-added tablets MMN.

Early Maladaptive Cardiovascular Responses are Associated with Mortality in a Porcine Model of Hemorrhagic Shock.

Hemorrhage is a leading cause of death on the battlefield. Current methods for predicting hemodynamic deterioration during hemorrhage are of limited accuracy and practicality. During a study of the effects of remote ischemic preconditioning in pigs that underwent hemorrhage, we noticed arrhythmias among all pigs that died before the end of the experiment but not among surviving pigs. The present study was designed to identify and characterize the early maladaptive hemodynamic responses (tachycardia in the presence of hypotension without a corresponding increase in cardiac index or mean arterial blood pressure) and their predictive power for early mortality in this experimental model. Controlled hemorrhagic shock was induced in 16 pigs. Hemodynamic parameters were monitored continuously for 7 h following bleeding. Changes in cardiovascular and laboratory parameters were analyzed and compared between those that had arrhythmia and those that did not. All animals had similar changes in parameters until the end of the bleeding phase. Six animals developed arrhythmias and died early, while 10 had no arrhythmias and survived longer than 6 h or until euthanasia. Unlike survivors, those that died did not compensate for cardiac output (CO), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and stroke volume (SV). Oxygen delivery (DO2) and mixed venous saturation (SvO2) remained low in animals that had arrhythmia, while achieving certain measures of recuperation in animals that did not. Serum lactate increased earlier and continued to rise in all animals that developed arrhythmias. No significant differences in hemoglobin concentrations were observed between groups. Despite similar initial changes in variables, we found that low CO, DBP, SV, DO2, SvO2, and high lactate are predictive of death in this animal model. The results of this experimental study suggest that maladaptive responses across a range of cardiovascular parameters that begin early after hemorrhage may be predictive of impending death, particularly in situations where early resuscitative treatment may be delayed.

Association between exposure to pesticides and disorder on hematological parameters and kidney function in male agricultural workers.

Pesticides occupy a critical position among many chemicals to which man can be exposed; their diffusion into the environment causes killing and damaging of some forms of life. The lack of highly selective pesticide action represents risk both for man and other desirable forms of life present in the environment. The present study was designed to evaluate the relation between exposure to pesticides and disorder on hematological parameters and kidney function of male agricultural workers with the mean age 37.11±9.3. Another 100 unexposed men matched for age, and socioeconomic status were recruited as a control to compare the levels of hemoglobin, hematocrit, red blood cells (RBCs), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), and urea and creatinine concentration. The results indicate that there was no significant difference in hemoglobin concentration and hematocrit value among exposed group as compared to control group. However, there was a significant decrease (P<0.05) in the RBCs count and a highly significant increase (P<0.01) in MCV among exposed group. There was no significant difference in MCH and MCHC among exposed group. There was a significant increase (P<0.05) in urea (39.4±22mg/dl) among exposed group as compared to control (35.7±26.3mg/dl). Also, there was a highly significant increase (P<0.01) in creatinine among exposed group (0.953±0.3mg/dl) as compared to control (0.8±0.2mg/dl). In conclusion, exposure to pesticides produces a variety of hematological parameter disorders as well as kidney malfunction in human.

'Sepsis-related anemia' is absent at hospital presentation; a retrospective cohort analysis.

BackgroundAnemia is a common feature during sepsis that occurs due to iatrogenic blood loss, depression of serum iron levels and erythropoietin production, and a decreased lifespan of erythrocytes. However, these mechanisms are unlikely to play a role in anemia at the start of sepsis. Moreover, sequestration of fluids, renal failure and increase of intravascular space may additionally influence the change in hemoglobin concentration during intravenous fluid administration in the acute phase of sepsis.MethodsIn this retrospective study, patients who were admitted acutely to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) were included. Patients who fulfilled the international criteria for severe sepsis or septic shock were included in the sepsis group (S-group). The remaining patients were allocated to the control group (C-group). Laboratory data from blood samples taken at first presentation to the hospital and at admission to the ICU, the amount of intravenous fluid administration and length of stay in the emergency department were collected and tested for significant differences between groups.ResultsThe difference in hemoglobin concentration between the S-group (n = 296) and C-group (n = 320) at first presentation in hospital was not significant (8.8 ± 1.2 versus 8.9 ± 1.2 mmol/l, respectively, p = 0.07). The reduction in hemoglobin concentration from the first presentation at the emergency department to ICU admission was significantly greater in the S-group compared to the C-group (1 [0.5-1.7] versus 0.5 [0.1-1.1] mmol/l, (p < 0.001)). Spearman rho correlation coefficients between the reduction in hemoglobin concentration and the amount of intravenous fluids administered or the creatinine level in the emergency department were significant (0.3 and 0.4, respectively, p < 0.001). In a multivariate regression analysis, creatinine, the amount of fluid administration and the presence of sepsis remained independently associated.ConclusionsPrior to in-hospital intravenous fluid administration, there is no significant difference in hemoglobin concentration between acute septic patients and acutely ill controls. Within several hours after hospital admission, there is a significant reduction in hemoglobin concentration, not only associated with the amount of intravenous fluids administered and the creatinine level, but also independently with sepsis itself.

Enzyme replacement and substrate reduction therapy for Gaucher disease

Enzyme replacement and substrate reduction therapy for Gaucher disease

Study on iron availability from prepared soybean sprouts using an iron-deficient rat model

During soya seeds germination in FeSO4 solutions their phytoferritin content is multiplied. Prepared soybean sprouts have been proposed as a safe and easily available source of iron supplementation. The preparation was compared with FeSO4 and ferritin isolates, using rats with induced iron deficiency anaemia. After the end of the 2-week supplementation experiment, it was observed that no statistically significant differences in haemoglobin concentration, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular haemoglobin, and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration existed between those animals supplemented with sprouts enriched in ferritin, ferritin isolate and FeSO4 and healthy animals forming the control group. Moreover, the examined preparation had a beneficial influence on the recreation of ferritin reserves in both the liver and the blood serum, and also did not induce negative alterations in general growth parameters of animals. Use of an easily obtainable ferritin iron source may be a profitable alternative in supplementation due to its wide availability and food preservative properties.

Randomised controlled trial: effect of delayed versus early umbilical cord clamping on neonatal outcomes and iron status at 4 months

The paper “Randomised controlled trial: effect of delayed versus early umbilical cord clamping on neonatal outcomes and iron status at 4 months” by Ola Andersson and colleagues ( BMJ 2011;343:d7157, doi:10.1136/bmj.d7157) Abstract Objective— To investigate the effects of delayed umbilical cord clamping, compared with early clamping, on infant iron status at 4 months of age in a European setting. Design— Randomised controlled trial. Setting—Swedish county hospital. Participants— 400 full term infants born after a low risk pregnancy. Intervention— Infants were randomised to delayed umbilical cord clamping (≥180 seconds after delivery) or early clamping (≤10 seconds after delivery). Main outcome measures— Haemoglobin and iron status at 4 months of age with the power estimate based on serum ferritin levels. Secondary outcomes included neonatal anaemia, early respiratory symptoms, polycythaemia, and need for phototherapy. Results— At 4 months of age, infants showed no significant differences in haemoglobin concentration between the groups, but infants subjected to delayed cord clamping had 45% (95% confidence interval 23% to 71%) higher mean ferritin concentration (117 μg/L v 81 μg/L, P<0.001) and a lower prevalence of iron deficiency (1 (0.6%) v 10 (5.7%), P=0.01, relative risk reduction 0.90; number needed to treat=20 (17 to 67)). As for secondary outcomes, the delayed cord clamping group had lower prevalence of neonatal anaemia at 2 days of age (2 (1.2%) v 10 (6.3%), P=0.02, relative risk reduction 0.80, number needed to treat 20 (15 to 111)). There were no significant differences between groups in postnatal respiratory symptoms, polycythaemia, or hyperbilirubinaemia requiring phototherapy. Conclusions— Delayed cord clamping, compared with early clamping, resulted in improved iron status and reduced prevalence of iron deficiency at 4 months of age, and reduced prevalence of neonatal anaemia, without demonstrable adverse effects. As iron deficiency in infants even without anaemia has been associated with impaired development, …

Effect of delayed versus early umbilical cord clamping on neonatal outcomes and iron status at 4 months: a randomised controlled trial

Objective To investigate the effects of delayed umbilical cord clamping, compared with early clamping, on infant iron status at 4 months of age in a European setting.Design Randomised controlled trial.Setting...

Is There Transfusion-related Acute Renal Injury?

Is There Transfusion-related Acute Renal Injury?

Effect of Phlebotomy Therapy On Hemoglobin Concentration and Tricuspid Regurgitation Velocity in Chuvash Polycythemia.

Abstract 1897Poster Board I-920 Background:Chuvash polycythemia is caused by homozygosity for the VHL598C>T mutation, which leads to up-regulation of HIF-1a and HIF-2a in normoxia. As the result, circulating concentrations of erythropoietin are elevated. Chuvash polycythemia patients suffer from cardiovascular abnormalities that include pulmonary arterial hypertension, thrombosis and stroke. Phlebotomy is a common therapy for patients to decrease symptoms such as plethora and headache. However, the outcomes of phlebotomy have not been assessed for these patients. The objective of this analysis is to evaluate the effect of phlebotomy on hemoglobin concentration, serum concentrations of ferritin and erythropoietin, and echocardiographically-determined tricuspid regurgitation velocity, which reflects systolic pulmonary artery pressure. Methods:One hundred twenty patients homozygous for VHL598C>T and 38 controls of comparable age and gender from Chuvash Republic of the Russian Federation were studied. Clinical and demographic characteristics were determined and echocardiography was performed. Serum ferritin and erythropoietin concentrations were measured by ELISA. Results:The median (interquartile) age for Chuvash polycythemia cases was 36 (22–48) years. They included 68 females (56%). Chuvash polycythemia patients had higher serum erythropoietin concentration (medians of 46 versus 8 mIU/ml, P = 0.0001) and lower serum ferritin concentration (medians of 12 versus 48 ng/ml, P = 0.0001) compared to controls. Tricuspid regurgitation velocity was higher in cases than controls (medians of 2.5 vs. 2.3 m/sec, P = 0.007). Among the cases, 87 (71%) had a history of phlebotomy and 54 of these had phlebotomy within the last year. Phlebotomy was associated with higher erythropoietin concentration (P = 0.033) and lower ferritin concentration (P = 0.024) but no significant difference in hemoglobin concentration (P = 0.9) (Table 1). After adjusting for the effect of age, phlebotomy was associated with significantly higher odds of tricuspid regurgitation velocity ≥2.5 (m/sec) (odds ratio: 3.3; 95% CI: 1.1–9.9).Table 1Iron status and hematologic markers in Chuvash polycythemia patients by history of phlebotomy. Results are in mean (95% confidence interval).No phlebotomy (N = 28)Phlebotomy >1 year ago (N = 25)Phlebotomy in last year (N = 42)P for trendResultsResultsResultsFerritin (ng/ml)*17.6 (11.7–26.3)12.6 (9.9–15.8)8.9 (6.3–12.6)0.024Erythropoietin (mIU/ml)39 (26–54)50 (41–61)64 (49–80)0.033Hemoglobin (g/dL)*18.1 (17.2–19.0)17.9 (17.5–18.5)17.9 (17.1–18.6)0.9*Values are adjusted for age and gender Conclusion:Patients with Chuvash polycythemia tend to mobilize iron stores and increase erythropoietin production to maintain a constant, elevated hemoglobin concentration despite phlebotomy therapy. In this process, estimated pulmonary systolic blood pressure appears to increase. Therefore, phlebotomy therapy might be a risk factor for pulmonary hypertension in the context of Chuvash polycythemia. Disclosures:No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Iron metabolism and requirements in early childhood: do we know enough?: a commentary by the ESPGHAN Committee on Nutrition.

*University of Lancashire, Lancashire, United Kingdom; †University of Milano, Milano, Italy; ‡University of Lund, Malmo, Sweden; §Hopital des Enfants Malades, Paris, France; Hopital Necker Enfants-Malades, Paris, France, ¶Umea University, Umea, Sweden; #University of Munich, Munich, Germany; **Free University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; ††Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Frederiksberg, Denmark; ‡‡CHUV University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland; §§University of Liege, Liege, Belgium; Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland; and ¶¶University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom

Iron nutritional status in preterm infants fed formulas fortified with iron

AIMSTo prospectively evaluate the iron nutritional status of preterm infants fed either a term (0.5 mg/dl iron) or preterm (0.9 mg/dl) formulas fortified with iron after hospital discharge.METHODSHealthy low birthweight...

Iron supplemented formula milk related to reduction in psychomotor decline in infants from inner city areas: randomised study.

Objective: To compare the effect of unmodified cows‘ milk and iron supplemented formula milk on psychomotor development in infants from inner city areas when used as the main milk source.Design:...

Dietary exposure of mink to carp from Saginaw Bay, Michigan: 2. Hematology and liver pathology.

The effects of consumption of environmental contaminants contained in carp (Cyprinus carpio) from Saginaw Bay, Michigan on various hematological parameters and liver integrity of adult female mink (Mustela vision) were determined. Mink were fed diets that contained 0 (control), 10, 20, or 40% carp prior to and throughout the reproductive period (182 days). The diets contained 0.015, 0.72, 1.53, and 2.56 mg polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)/kg diet and 1.0, 19, 40, and 81 pg 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin equivalents (TEQs)/g diet, respectively. Mink fed the diets containing carp showed a general dose-dependent occurrence of clinical signs commonly associated with chlorinated hydrocarbon toxicity, including listlessness, nervousness when approached, anorexia, and melena. Erythrocyte counts were less in mink exposed to Saginaw Bay carp than in controls, while the number of white blood cells was greater than in controls. Significant differences (p < 0.05) in the concentrations of neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, and eosinophils were also found between the control and carp-fed groups, but are considered to be of limited clinical or biological importance. Hematocrit values for the mink fed the 20 and 40% carp diets were significantly less than those of mink in the control and 10% carp groups. There were no significant differences in hemoglobin concentrations among the groups. Necropsies revealed enlarged yellowish livers in many of the carp-fed mink, especially those fed the 40% carp diet. Liver, spleen, and lung weights of carp-fed mink were significantly greater than those of control mink.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Effect of bovine-hemoglobin-fortified cookies on iron status of schoolchildren: a nationwide program in Chile

The Chilean School Lunch program, which serves one million children nationwide, was supplied with three 10-g cookies fortified with 6% bovine hemoglobin concentrate, designed to provide 1 mg bioavailable iron per day. A survey of 1000 children was performed after 3 y. Significant differences in hemoglobin concentrations were found in the children from the fortified vs the nonfortified province (P < 0.01). Low serum ferritin values were also significantly more prevalent in the nonfortified group. The effect was evident despite the very low prevalence of anemia in both the fortified and the unfortified school groups. Heme-iron-fortified cookies are a feasible and effective way to improve the iron status of school-age children. In regions of high prevalence of iron-deficiency anemia, the effect of a heme-fortified cookie program should be even more important.

Do women with menorrhagia need iron?

Haematological indices of iron deficiency and serum ferritin concentrations were compared in 42 women complaining of menorrhagia and in 34 with normal menstrual loss. No significant differences in haemoglobin concentration, mean corpuscular volume, or mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration were found between the two groups. Serum ferritin concentrations were significantly lower (p less than 0.001) in patients with menorrhagia. Though the iron stores in these women were significantly reduced, only a few were anaemic. Thus, women complaining of heavy menstrual loss do not require prophylactic iron supplements.

A Comparative Physiological Study of Diving in Three Species of Nerodia and Elaphe obsoleta

The diving capabilities of snakes belonging to four species were investigated. Three of these species are common to aquatic habitats (Nerodia erythrogaster flavigaster, Nerodia fasciata confluens and Nerodia rhombifera rhombifera) and one is found in terrestrial habitats (Elaphe obsoleta obsoleta). In addtion, various morphological and physiological parameters con- tributing to underwater survival were examined. Underwater tolerance was approximately one hour with no difference between the aquatic and terrestrial species. The lung volume of E. obsoleta was found to be larger than the three species of Nerodia, but there were no significant differences in hemoglobin concentrations, red blood cell counts or hematocrits among the four species. Nerodia and Elaphe showed a reduced heart rate when submerged but it is not representative of the pronounced underwater bradycardia character- istic of the diving vertebrates. Based on similarities in underwater tolerance, lung morphology, hematology, and cardiovascular response, Nerodia more closely resembles the terrestrial E. obsoleta than those reptiles specifically adapted to an underwater existence.

IRON SUPPLEMENTATION DURING FIRST YEAR OF LIFE.

Introduction It is now a well-established fact that the so-called anemia of late infancy1—occurring between 6 and 18 months of age—is an iron deficiency anemia. It is characterized by decreased hemoglobin concentration, decreased hematocrit, microcytosis, and hypochromia. This is in contrast to the physiologic anemia of early infancy which is due to a relative hypoplasia of the erythroid elements of the bone marrow and occurs in the presence of iron stores. The fact that iron supplementation—either orally from dietary or medicinal sources or from parenteral administration—will correct or largely prevent this iron deficiency anemia both in full-term and in premature infants is well accepted.2,3It has been generally assumed, however, that in well-nourished infants who are receiving an adequate source of dietary iron, the additional supplementation with medicinal iron would produce no significant difference in hemoglobin concentration or hematocrit values. The purpose of this