Significant Difference In Visual Analogue Scale Score Research Articles

Application of polyetheretherketone rod semi-rigid pedicle screw internal fixation in lumbar non-fusion surgery

To investigate the effect of Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) rod semi-rigid pedicle screw fixation system in lumbar spine non-fusion surgery. A total of 74 patients with tow-level lumbar degenerative diseases who underwent surgery from March 2017 to December 2019 were divided into PEEK rod group and titanium rod group. In the PEEK rod group, there were 34 patients, including 13 males and 21 females, aged from 51 to 79 years old with an average of (62.4±6.8) years old;There were 1 patient of L1-L3 segments, 7 patients of L2-L4 segments, 20 patients of L3-L5 segments and 6 patients of L4-S1 segments. In the titanium rod group, there were 40 patients, including 17 males and 23 females, aged from 52 to 81 years old with an average of (65.2±7.3) years old;There were 3 patient of L1-L3 segments, 11 patients of L2-L4 segments, 19 patients of L3-L5 segments and 7 patients of L4-S1 segments. The general conditions of operation, such as operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative drainage was recorded. The visual analogue scale (VAS) for low back pain and Oswestry disability index (ODI) were compared in preoperatively and postoperatively(3 months, 12 months and last follow-up) between two groups. The change of range of motion (ROM) was observed by flexion and extension x-ray of lumbar. All patients successfully completed the operation. The follow-up time ranged from 22 to 34 months with an average of(26.8±5.6) months. The operative time (142.2±44.7) min and intraoperative blood loss(166.5±67.4)ml in PEEK group were lower than those in titanium group [(160.7±57.3) min、(212.8±85.4) ml](P<0.05). There was no significant differences in postoperative drainage between the two groups (P>0.05). At the final follow-up visit, in PEEK group and titanium group VAS of low back pain[(0.8±0.4) points vs (1.0±0.5) points], VAS for leg pain [ (0.7±0.4) points vs (0.8±0.5) points] and ODI [(9.8±1.6)% vs (12.1±1.5)%] were compared with preoperative [ (5.8±1.1) points vs (6.0±1.1)points], [ (7.2±1.7) points vs (7.0±1.6) points], [(68.5±8.9)% vs(66.3±8.2)%] were significantly different(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in VAS scores between the two groups at each postoperative time point (P>0.05). At 3 months after surgery, there was no difference in ODI between the two groups (P>0.05). There were significant differences in ODI between PEEK group and titanium rod group at 12 months [(15.5±2.1)% vs (18.4±2.4)%] and at the last follow-up [(9.8±1.6)% vs (12.1±1.5)%] (P<0.05). The total range of motion (ROM) of lumbar decreased in both groups after surgery. At 12 months after surgery and the last follow-up, the PEEK group compared with the titanium rod group, the total range of motion of lumbar was statistically significant (P<0.05). The range of motion (ROM) of the fixed segments decreased in both groups after surgery. The ROM of the fixed segments in PEEK group decreased from (9.5±4.6)° to (4.1±1.9)° at the last follow-up (P<0.05), which in the titanium rod group was decreased from (9.8±4.3)°to (0.9±0.5)° at the last follow-up (P<0.05). The range of motion (ROM) of upper adjacent segment increased in both groups, there was statistical significance in the ROM of upper adjacent segment between the two groups at 12 months after surgery and the last follow-up, (P<0.05). There was no screw loosening and broken rods in both groups during the follow-up period. The PEEK rod semi-rigid pedicle screw internal fixation system used in lumbar non-fusion surgery can retain part of the mobility of the fixed segment, showing comparable short-term clinical efficacy to titanium rod fusion. PEEK rod semi-rigid pedicle screw internal fixation system is a feasible choice for the treatment of lumbar spine degenerative diseases, and its long-term efficacy needs further follow-up observation.

Comparison of Pain With Ultrasound-Guided Intra-Articular Hip Injections With and Without Prior Subcutaneous Local Anesthesia.

To compare pain levels of intra-articular hip steroid injections performed with and without prior subcutaneous local anesthesia (LA) injection. Randomized prospective study. University-based musculoskeletal clinic. Forty-one adult patients undergoing a first-time ultrasound-guided unilateral intra-articular hip steroid injection. Subjects were randomized into 1 of 2 groups: intra-articular hip injection with prior subcutaneous LA with 2 mL of lidocaine 1% (With LA) or hip injection without prior subcutaneous LA (Without LA). Visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores (0-100) were collected before and after each injection. Visual analog scale pain score for the intra-articular hip injection. Of the 41 total subjects, 18 were randomized to the Without LA group and 23 to the With LA group. There was no significant difference in baseline (preprocedure) VAS scores between the Without LA (mean ± SD = 39.2 ± 27.2) and With LA (41.2 ± 24.0) groups (P = 0.864). The mean ± SD VAS score for the subcutaneous LA injection in the With LA group was 20.4 ± 16.1. There was no significant difference in VAS scores for the intra-articular hip injection between the Without LA (48.5 ± 27.7) and With LA (39.5 ± 25.7) groups (P = 0.232). Subcutaneous injection of lidocaine before an intra-articular hip injection did not significantly decrease pain from the intra-articular hip injection. Providers may perform intra-articular hip injections with a 22-gauge 3.5-inch spinal needle without the need for an extra subcutaneous LA injection.

Extracorporeal Shock Wave Combined with Traditional Chinese Medicine Bone-setting Manipulation for External Humeral Epicondylitis: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of extracorporeal shock waves combined with traditional Chinese medicine bone-setting manipulation for external humeral epicondylitis. Methods: Ninety-two patients with external humeral epicondylitis were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group. Patients in the control group were treated with extracorporeal shock waves while those in the observation group with traditional Chinese medicine bone-setting manipulation based on the control group. Patients in both groups were evaluated by the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS), and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand Questionnaire (DASH) before and after treatment. The inflammatory factors such as IL-6, IL-10, TNF-ɑ, and clinical outcomes were contrasted before and after treatment. Results: There were statistically significant differences in VAS score, MEPS score, and DASH score between the two groups before and after treatment (p &lt; 0.05). The observation group exhibited a more pronounced improvement in each score compared to the control group. Post-treatment, the inflammatory factors of both groups were significantly lower than pre-treatment levels (p &lt; 0.05), with the observation group showing a more noticeable decrease. The overall effectiveness of the observation group was higher than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (p &lt; 0.05). Conclusion: The combination of extracorporeal shock wave therapy and traditional Chinese medicine bone-setting manipulation can effectively alleviate pain symptoms and improve dysfunction caused by external humeral epicondylitis, while also reducing inflammatory factor expression. This combined treatment may prove more effective than extracorporeal shock wave therapy alone. Clinical Trial: Registration: ChiCTR2200066075.

Clinical efficacy and pain follow-up after arthroscopic discoid meniscoplasty of the knee: a retrospective study

BackgroundTo assess the viability and efficiency of performing arthroscopic meniscoplasty in treating discoid meniscus (DM) in the knee joint.MethodsA total of 29 patients diagnosed with symptomatic lateral DM between October 2014 and December 2019 were included in the study. Among them, 7 patients with intact DM underwent arthroscopic discoid meniscoplasty (group A), while 22 patients with torn DM received arthroscopic DM plasty along with repair and suturing (group B). Both Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score and Lysholm score assessments were conducted preoperatively and postoperatively.ResultThe favorable and acceptable outcome rate was 85.71% in group A and 95.45% in group B (P > 0.05). The VAS scores post-operatively at each follow-up time point were consistently lower compared to pre-operative values, while the Lysholm knee function scores showed improvement. There were no significant differences in VAS score and Lysholm score between group A and group B at different stages (P > 0.05). Both surgical techniques (discoid meniscoplasty and discoid meniscoplasty combined with repair and suture) showed significant improvement in postoperative VAS score and Lysholm score, but there was no difference in outcomes between the two groups.ConclusionOverall, the two surgical techniques studied in this study (discoid meniscoplasty and discoid meniscoplasty combined with repair and suture) produced similar results in terms of pain reduction and improved knee function.

Comparative analysis of the analgesic effects of intercostal nerve block, ultrasound-guided paravertebral nerve block, and epidural block following single-port thoracoscopic lung surgery

ObjectiveIn this study, we compared the analgesic effects of intercostal nerve block (ICNB), ultrasound-guided paravertebral nerve block (PVB), and epidural block (EB) following single-port thoracoscopic lung surgery.MethodA total of 120 patients who underwent single-hole thoracoscopic lung surgery were randomly and equally divided into three groups: ICNB group, the PVB group, and the EB group. ICNB was performed under direct thoracoscopic visualization before the conclusion of the surgery in the ICNB group, while PVB and EB were performed after general anesthesia in the PVB and EB groups, respectively. Patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) was used following the surgery in all the groups. The following indicators were recorded: Intraoperative sufentanil dosage, anesthesia awakening time, postoperative intubation time, nerve block operation time, postoperative visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores during resting and coughing at regular intervals of 0, 2, 4, 8, 24, and 48 h, the time until first PCIA, number of effective compressions within 24 h postoperatively, number of rescue analgesia interventions, and the side effects.ResultsIn comparison to the ICNB group, the PVB and EB groups had a lower intraoperative sufentanil dosage, significantly shorter anesthesia awakening time, and postoperative intubation time, but longer nerve block operation time, lower VAS scores when resting and coughing within 24 h postoperatively (all p-values less than 0.05). Conversely, there were no statistically significant differences in VAS scores during resting and coughing after 24 h (all p-values greater than 0.05). Time to first PCIA, number of effective compressions and number of rescue analgesia at the 24-hour mark postoperatively were significantly better in the PVB and EB groups than that in the ICNB group (P < 0.05). However, there was a higher incidence of side effects observed in the EB group (P < 0.05).ConclusionThe analgesic effect of PVB and EB following single-port thoracoscopic lung surgery is better than that of ICNB. PVB causes fewer side effects and complications and is safer and more effective.

Influence and risk factors of lateral hinge fracture on early effectiveness of supramalleolar osteotomy

To evaluate the influence of lateral hinge fracture (LHF) on the early effectiveness of supramalleolar osteotomy (SMO) and to explore the related risk factors for LHF. A total of 39 patients (39 feet) with varus-type ankle osteoarthritis treated with SMO between January 2016 and December 2022 were analyzed retrospectively. There were 10 males and 29 females, aged from 41 to 71 years (mean, 57.7 years). According to Takakura stage, there were 6 feet in stage Ⅱ, 19 feet in stage Ⅲa, and 14 feet in stage Ⅲb. The LHF was recognized by the immediate postoperative X-ray film. The osteotomy healing time and the changes of pain visual analogue scale (VAS) score, American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score, tibial anterior surface angle (TAS), tibial lateral surface angle (TLS), and tibiotalar angle (TT) before and after operation were compared between patients with and without LHF. The age, gender, affected side, body mass index, Takakura stage, preoperative VAS score, preoperative AOFAS score, preoperative TAS, preoperative TLS, preoperative TT, SMO correction angle, osteotomy distraction, distance from medial osteotomy to ankle joint line (MD), and distance from lateral osteotomy to ankle joint line (LD) were compared between with and without LHF patients, and further logistic regression analysis was used to screen the risk factors of LHF during SMO. All patients were followed up 12-54 months (mean, 27.1 months). During operation, 13 feet developed LHF (group A) and 26 feet did not develop LHF (group B). X-ray film reexamination showed that 1 patient in group A complicated with tibial articular surface cleft fracture had delayed osteotomy and healed successfully after plaster fixation; the osteotomy of other patients healed, and there was no significant difference in healing time between the two groups ( P>0.05). At last follow-up, there were significant differences in VAS score, AOFAS score, TAS, TLS, and TT of the two groups when compared with preoperative ones ( P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in the changes of above indicators before and after operation between the two groups ( P>0.05). The differences in SMO correction angle, osteotomy distraction, and LD between with and without LHF patients were significant ( P<0.05), and further logistic regression analysis showed that excessive LD was the risk factor of LHF during SMO ( P<0.05). Too high or too low lateral hinge position during SMO may lead to LHF, but as long as appropriate treatment and rehabilitation measurements are taken, the early effectiveness is similar to that of patients without LHF.

Application of Allgöwer-Donati suture in internal fixation of Schatzker type Ⅴand Ⅵ tibial plateau closed fractures

To investigate the effectiveness of Allgöwer-Donati suture in open reduction and internal fixation of Schatzker type Ⅴ and Ⅵ tibial plateau closed fractures. A clinical data of 60 patients with Schatzker type type Ⅴ and Ⅵ tibial plateau closed fractures, who met the selection criteria and admitted between May 2022 and May 2023, was retrospectively analyzed. After open reduction and internal fixation via double incisions, the incisions were closed with conventional mattress suture in 30 cases (control group) and Allgöwer-Donati suture in 30 cases (observation group). There was no significant difference in gender, age, fracture side and type, time from injury to operation, body mass index, and other baseline data between the two groups ( P>0.05). The incidence of incision-related complications after operation, visual analogue scale (VAS) score of incision at 3 days and 1 and 2 weeks after operation, and the short-form 36 health survey scale (SF-36) [physical functioning (PF), role physical (RP), bodily pain (BP), and general health (GH)] at 12 weeks after operation were compared between the two groups. All operations of the two groups successfully completed. All patients were followed up 6-14 months (mean, 12 months). Incision fluid leakage occurred in 1 case of observation group and 7 cases of control group within 1 week after operation, and the incisions healed after symptomatic treatment. The incisions of other patients healed by first intention. The incidence of early incision complications in observation group was significantly lower than that in control group ( P<0.05). No late incision complications was found in the two groups. There was no significant difference in VAS scores at each time point between the two groups ( P>0.05). The VAS score significantly decreased with the increase of time in the two groups, showing significant differences between the different time points ( P<0.05). There was no significant difference in SF-36 scores (PF, RP, BP, and GH) between the two groups at 12 weeks after operation ( P>0.05). Compared with conventional mattress suture, Allgöwer-Donati suture is effective in open reduction and internal fixation via double incisions for Schatzker type Ⅴand Ⅵ tibial plateau closed fractures, which can reduce the incidence of early incision complications.

Comparison of effectiveness of tibial intramedullary nailing fixation via suprapatellar approach and medial parapatellar approach in treatment of multiple tibial fractures

To compare the effectiveness of intramedullary nailing fixation via suprapatellar approach and medial parapatellar approach in semi-extended position in the treatment of multiple tibial fractures. The clinical data of 43 patients with multiple tibial fractures treated with intramedullary nailing fixation between July 2018 and December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed, including 23 patients treated with suprapatellar approach in semi-extended position (group A) and 20 patients with medial parapatellar approach in semi-extended position (group B). There was no significant difference in gender, age, cause of injury, time from injury to operation, AO/Orthopaedic Trauma Association (AO/OTA) classification, preoperative visual analogue scale (VAS) score, and range of motion (ROM) of the knee joint between the two groups ( P>0.05). The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, incision length, intraoperative fluoroscopy frequency, and fracture healing time were recorded and compared. The VAS score and ROM of the knee joint were analyzed at 4, 8, and 12 weeks after operation, and the incidence of postoperative complications was observed; knee function was evaluated by Lysholm score at last follow-up. The operations were successfully completed in both groups, and there was no complication such as nerve and blood vessel injury during operation, and all incisions healed by first intention. There was no significant difference in operation time, intraoperative blood loss, and intraoperative fluoroscopy frequency between the two groups ( P>0.05), but the incision length in group B was significantly longer than that in group A ( P<0.05). Patients in both groups were followed up 12-30 months, with an average of 21.1 months. The VAS score decreased and ROM increased gradually in both groups with time after operation, showing significant differences between different time points ( P<0.05). The VAS score of group B was significantly lower than that of group A at 4 and 8 weeks after operation ( P<0.05); there was no significant difference in VAS score and ROM between the two groups at other time points ( P>0.05). There was no significant difference in fracture healing time between the two groups ( P>0.05). During the follow-up, there was no complication such as internal fixator loosening, breakage, and loss of fracture reduction. At last follow-up, the Lysholm score in group B was significantly better than that in group A ( P<0.05). Both the suprapatellar approach and the medial parapatellar approach in semi-extended position can achieve satisfactory results in the treatment of multiple tibial fractures. The medial parapatellar approach has lower symptoms of early knee pain and better long-term function.

Analgesic effect of ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block with or without rectus sheath block in laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a randomized, controlled trial

BackgroundUltrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block is commonly used for pain control in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. However, significant pain persists, affecting patient recovery and sleep quality on the day of surgery. We compared the analgesic effect of ultrasound-guided TAP block with or without rectus sheath (RS) block in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy using the visual analog scale (VAS) scores.MethodsThe study was registered before patient enrollment at the Clinical Research Information Service (registration number: KCT0006468, 19/08/2021). 88 American Society of Anesthesiologist physical status I-III patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy were divided into two groups. RS-TAP group received right lateral and right subcostal TAP block, and RS block with 0.2% ropivacaine (30 mL); Bi-TAP group received bilateral and right subcostal TAP block with same amount of ropivacaine. The primary outcome was visual analogue scale (VAS) for 48 h postoperatively. Secondary outcomes included the use of rescue analgesics, cumulative intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (IV-PCA) consumption, patient satisfaction, sleep quality, and incidence of adverse events.ResultsThere was no significant difference in VAS score between two groups for 48 h postoperatively. We found no difference between the groups in any of the secondary outcomes: the use of rescue analgesics, consumption of IV-PCA, patient satisfaction with postoperative pain control, sleep quality, and the incidence of postoperative adverse events.ConclusionBoth RS-TAP and Bi-TAP blocks provided clinically acceptable pain control in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy, although there was no significant difference between two combination blocks in postoperative analgesia or sleep quality.

Comparison of the efficacy of ROI-C cage with Zero-P device in anterior cervical discectomy and fusion of cervical degenerative disc disease: a two-year follow-up study.

This study aimed to compare the clinical outcomes of Zero-P and ROI-C devices applied to anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) surgery of cervical degenerative disc disease (CDDD). From January 2020 and December 2020, 56 patients with CDDD who underwent ACDF using Zero-P or ROI-C were included in this retrospective study. The outcomes included visual analogue scale (VAS) score, Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) score, neck disability index (NDI) score, Cobb angle, dysphagia, and bone fusion rate. Dysphagia was assessed using the Bazaz grading system. The comparison of outcomes between the two groups was based on the 2-year follow-up time point, which was defined as the last follow-up visit. The Zero-P group included 16 males and 14 females, with a mean age of 56.2 (range, 35-65) years. The ROI-C group included 11 males and 15 females, with a mean age of 57.4 (range, 36-67) years. There was no significant difference in gender and mean age between the two groups. There were no significant differences in VAS score, JOA score, NDI score, Cobb angle, dysphagia, and bone fusion rate between two groups at the last follow up visit. In the Zero-P group, the duration of surgeries involving C3-4 or C6-7 segments was significantly longer than those including C4-5 or C5-6 segments (135.0 ± 19.0 vs. 105.6 ± 17.5 min, P < 0.05). In surgeries involving C3-4 or C6-7 segments, the operation time of ROI-C was significantly shorter than that of Zero-P (106.5 ± 19.5 vs.112.2 ± 20.5 min, P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the dysphagia or cage subsidence rates between the Zero-P and ROI-C groups (P > 0.05). The Cobb angle in the last follow-up visit in the Zero-P group (24.4 ± 4.5°) was significantly higher than that in the ROI-C group (18.1 ± 2.3°) (P < 0.05). ACDF using ROI-C device showed an efficacy similar to the Zero-P device, as well as a shorter operation time for surgeries involving C3-4 or C6-7 segments. However, ROI-C could cause more loss of Cobb angle over time, which could lead to uncomfortable symptoms.

Prospective comparative study of unilateral biportal endoscopic transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion and endoscopic transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion for treatment of single-segment degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis with lumbar spondylolisthesis

To compare the effectiveness of unilateral biportal endoscopic transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (UBE-TLIF) and endoscopic transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (Endo-TLIF) in the treatment of single-segment degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis with lumbar spondylolisthesis. Between November 2019 and May 2023, a total of 81 patients with single-segment degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis with lumbar spondylolisthesis who met the selection criteria were enrolled. They were randomly divided into UBE-TLIF group (39 cases) and Endo-TLIF group (42 cases). There was no significant difference in baseline data between the two groups ( P>0.05), including gender, age, body mass index, surgical segment, and preoperative visual analogue scale (VAS) scores for low back and leg pain, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and serum markers including creatine kinase (CK) and C reactive protein (CRP). Total blood loss (TBL), intraoperative blood loss, hidden blood loss (HBL), postoperative drainage volume, and operation time were recorded and compared between the two groups. Serum markers (CK, CRP) levels were compared between the two groups at 1 day before operation and 1, 3, and 5 days after operation. Furthermore, the VAS scores for low back and leg pain, and ODI at 1 day before operation and 1 day, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months after operation, and intervertebral fusion rate at 12 months after operation were compared between the two groups. All surgeries were completed successfully without occurrence of incision infection, vascular or nerve injury, epidural hematoma, dural tear, or postoperative paraplegia. The operation time in UBE-TLIF group was significantly shorter than that in Endo-TLIF group, but the intraoperative blood loss, TBL, and HBL in UBE-TLIF group were significantly more than those in Endo-TLIF group ( P<0.05). There was no significant difference in postoperative drainage volume between the two groups ( P>0.05). The levels of CK at 1 day and 3 days after operation and CRP at 1, 3, and 5 days after operation in UBE-TLIF group were slightly higher than those in the Endo-TLIF group ( P<0.05), while there was no significant difference in the levels of CK and CPR between the two groups at other time points ( P>0.05). All patients were followed up 12 months. VAS score of low back and leg pain and ODI at each time point after operation significantly improved when compared with those before operation in the two groups ( P<0.05); there was no significant difference in VAS score of low back and leg pain and ODI between the two groups at each time point after operation ( P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the intervertebral fusion rate between the two groups at 12 months after operation ( P>0.05). UBE-TLIF and Endo-TLIF are both effective methods for treating degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis with lumbar spondylolisthesis. However, compared to Endo-TLIF, UBE-TLIF requires further improvement in minimally invasive techniques to reduce tissue trauma and blood loss.

Acute Ankle Diastasis Injuries Treated with Dynamic, Static Fixation or Anatomic Repair: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review of Comparison Studies.

Acute ankle diastasis injuries are complex and debilitating. These injuries occur when the syndesmotic complex becomes compromised. Treatments of acute syndesmotic injuries include static fixation with screws, dynamic fixation with an elastic device, or anatomic repair of the damaged ligament. However, there is disagreement over which method is most effective. The primary purpose of this study was to compare the 3 treatment methods for acute syndesmotic injuries. A systematic literature search was conducted on Embase and PubMed. Studies that compared at least 2 groups with relevant American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS), Visual Analog Scale (VAS), reoperation rate, and complication (implant failure, implant irritation, and infection) data were analyzed. Statistical analysis for this study was performed using Review Manager 5.4, with a standard p-value of ≤0.05 for statistical significance. Twenty-one studies including a total of 1,059 patients (452 dynamic, 529 static, and 78 anatomic) were included for analysis. Dynamic fixation had significantly higher mean AOFAS scores at 3 months postoperation by 5.12 points (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.29-9.96, p = 0.04) as well as at 1 year postoperation by 4.64 points (95% CI, 1.74-7.55, p = 0.002) than static fixation. Anatomic repair had significantly higher AOFAS scores at 6 months postoperation by 3.20 points (95% CI, 1.06-5.34, p = 0.003) and 1 year postoperation by 1.86 points (95% CI, 0.59-3.14, p = 0.004) than static fixation. Dynamic fixation had significantly higher AOFAS scores at 6 months postoperation by 2.81 points (95% CI, 0.76-4.86, p = 0.007), 12 months postoperation by 3.17 points (95% CI, 0.76-5.58, p = 0.01), and at 2 years postoperation by 5.56 points (95% CI, 3.80-7.32, p < 0.001) than anatomic repair. Dynamic fixation also had a lower VAS score average (favorable), only significant at 12 months postoperation, than static fixation by 0.7 points (95% CI -0.99 to -0.40, p < 0.001). Anatomic repair did not have significant difference in VAS scores compared with static fixation. Anatomic repair had significantly lower VAS scores at 12 months postoperation by 0.32 points (95% CI -0.59 to -0.05, p = 0.02) than dynamic fixation. Dynamic fixation had significantly less implant failures (odds ratio [OR], 0.13, 95% CI, 0.05-0.32, p < 0.001) than static fixation. Anatomic repair was not significantly different from static fixation in the complication metrics. Dynamic fixation and anatomic repair were not significantly different in the complication metrics either. Dynamic fixation had a significantly lower reoperation rate than static fixation (OR, 0.23, 95% CI, 0.09-0.54, p < 0.001). Anatomic repair did not have a significantly different reoperation rate compared with static fixation. However, dynamic fixation had a significantly lower reoperation rate than anatomic repair (OR, 4.65, 95% CI, 1.10-19.76, p = 0.04). Dynamic fixation seems to demonstrate superior early clinical outcomes. However, these advantages become negligible in the long term when compared with alternative options. Dynamic fixation is associated with a lower risk for complications, specifically seen with the decrease in implant failures. This method also presents a significantly lower reoperation rate compared with the other treatment approaches. Apart from showing improved early clinical outcomes in comparison with static fixation, anatomic repair did not have significant distinctions in other metrics, including complications or reoperation rate. Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.

Percutaneous kyphoplasty with or without posterior pedicle screw fixation for the management of severe osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures with nonunion

ObjectiveTo assess the radiographic outcomes, clinical outcomes and complications of percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) with and without posterior pedicle screw fixation (PPSF) in the treatment of severe osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (sOVCF) with nonunion.MethodsThis study involved 51 patients with sOVCF with nonunion who underwent PKP or PPSF + KP. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, volume of injected bone cement, operation costs and hospital stays were all recorded. In addition, the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) were assessed separately for each patient before and after surgery.ResultsCompared with the PPSF + KP group, the PKP group had shorter operation time, less intraoperative blood loss, shorter hospital stays and fewer operation costs. However, cobb’s angle improvement (13.4 ± 4.3° vs. 21.4 ± 5.3°), VWR improvement ratio (30.4 ± 11.5% vs. 52.8 ± 12.7%), HA (34.9 ± 9.0% vs. 63.7 ± 7.6%) and HM (28.4 ± 11.2% vs. 49.6 ± 7.7%) improvement ratio were all higher in PPSF + KP group than that in PKP group. In addition, the ODI index and VAS score in both groups were significantly decreased at the postoperative and final follow-up. PKP group's postoperative VAS score was significantly lower than that in PPSF + KP group, but there was no statistically significant difference in VAS score at the last follow-up.ConclusionPKP and PPSF + KP can both effectively relieve the pain associated with sOVCF with nonunion. PPSF + KP can achieve more satisfactory vertebral reduction effects compared to PKP. However, PKP was less invasive and it has more advantages in shortening operation time and hospital stay, as well as decreasing intraoperative blood loss and operation costs.

Effectiveness Of E-Backnshou Exercise To The Improvement Of Neck, Shoulder And Back Pain In Computer Vision Syndrome Patient

BACKGROUND : Extra-ocular complaints of Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS) are neck, shoulder, back pain. The 20-20-20 rule and E-BACKNSHOU exercise are expected to improve accommodative mechanisms, ocular surface of the eye and extra ocular symptoms of CVS. AIMS : Proving the effectiveness of E-BACKNSHOU exercise for the improvement of neck, shoulder and back pain in CVS patient. METHOD : The research design was Pre-Post Test with Control Design. Subjects were 30 medical students of Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia who experienced CVS and neck, shoulder and back pain. The treatment group got the 20-20-20 rule and E-BACKNSHOU exercise and the control group got the 20-20-20 rule for 1 month. Pain was measured by Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Statistical test was conducted using paired t-test, unpaired t-test and chi square. Value of significance p&lt;0.05. RESULT : There were significant differences in VAS score of neck, shoulder, upper back pain (p=0.00), and low back pain (p=0.022) before and after the intervention in the treatment group and VAS score of neck (p=0,002), shoulder (p=0.020), upper back (p=0.011), and low back pain (p=0.019) in the control group. Delta VAS score of the treatment group was greater than the control group and there was a significant difference in delta VAS score of shoulder pain (p=0,030), but there were no significant differences in delta VAS score of neck (p=0,934), upper back (p=0,356), and low back pain (p=0,150). CONCLUSION : The effectiveness of 20-20-20 rule and E-BACKNSHOU exercise is better than the 20-20-20 rule alone on treating neck, shoulder and back pain in CVS patient.

Arthroscopic debridement improves range of motion for heterotopic ossification after total knee replacement: a retrospective cohort study

The presence of heterotopic ossification (HO) after primary total knee replacement (TKR) is rare and associated with limited mobility and stiffness of the knee. This study aimed to identify if the arthroscopic debridement after TKR could decrease HO and improve the function and range of motion. Thirty HO patients after TKR were retrospectively separated into 2 cohorts. 15 patients of group A accepted the arthroscopic debridement, while 15 patients of group B only had non-operative treatment, mainly including oral nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and rehabilitative treatment. Visual analog scale (VAS) scores, knee society knee scores (KSS), range of motion (knee flexion and knee extension) were obtained before treatment and at 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after treatment. Radiography of after-treatment was also evaluated to assess the changes in HO. There were 3 males and 27 females with a mean age of 67.4 ± 0.8 years in group A and 68.2 ± 1.3 in group B. The onset time of HO was 3–6 months. The maximum size of the ossification was < 2 cm in 23 knees, 2 cm < heterotopic bone < 5 cm in 6 knees and > 5 cm in 1 knee. The size of HO decreased gradually in all knees by X-ray film at the last follow-up. There were no significant differences in VAS scores after replacement between two groups (p > 0.05). The average range of motion preoperatively in group A was − 15.2–90.6°, which postoperatively increased to − 4.2–110.0°. Meanwhile, the KSS scores and average range of motion of the group A were better than those of the group B at each follow-up time after treatment. Arthroscopic debridement can decrease HO seen from postoperative X-rays, improve the function and range of motion, as well as the pain remission between two groups are comparable. Consequently, arthroscopic resection of HO after TKR is recommended as soon as there is aggravating joint stiffness.

Revolutionizing Back Pain Management: Is Epidural Platelet-Rich Plasma the Superior Choice Over Steroids?

Background and objective Low back discomfort is one of the main factors that restrict physical activity, and it is becoming more and more common. Surgery is the best option when all other conservative treatment methods have failed, but it is not a panacea. While local anesthetic-free and combined epidural steroid injections have been used for many years, their usefulness is limited to shorter periods. In the field of orthopedics, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has gained widespread recognition as an adjuvant component. PRPhas been applied to improve tissue repair, both soft and hard.This comparative study aimed to evaluate the potential of PRP as atherapy for low back pain (LBP). Methods We included 64 adult individuals with complaints ofLBP. They were classified into two groups: group A underwent a single injection in the afflicted lumbar intervertebral disc (IVD) level with 1.5 ml of methylprednisolone, 1.5 ml 2% lidocaine, and 0.5 ml of saline under rigorous aseptic precautions; in contrast, group B was administered a single injection of 3 milliliters of autologous PRP. Patients' scores on the visual analog scale (VAS), the Modified Oswestry Disability Questionnaire (MODQ), and the Straight Leg Raising Test (SLRT) were assessed before and during therapy. Results The datagathered were subjected to statistical analysis. Statistically significant differences were found in the VAS scores between group A (methylprednisolone group) and group B (PRP group) post-one hour (6.0 ±0.74 vs. 6.92 ±0.57) and after three months (5.2 ±0.65 vs. 3.26 ±0.79). Conclusions Our study revealed gradual progressive improvement in the symptoms of patients in the PRP group as indicated by scores onSLRT, VAS, and MODQ. The results were comparable to those who received methylprednisolone injections. There was a statistically significant difference in VAS scores between the two groups, with the PRP group reporting a higher degree of pain reduction, showing that PRP is an effective alternative to epidural steroid infiltration in managing chronic LBP.

Kinematic Alignment Technique Outperforms Mechanical Alignment in Simultaneous Bilateral Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Randomized Controlled Trial

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to compare the clinical results of kinematic alignment (KA) with those of mechanical alignment (MA) in single-stage bilateral total knee arthroplasty. MethodsIn this double-blinded randomized controlled trial, 65 patients who had bilateral knee osteoarthritis underwent simultaneous bilateral total knee arthroplasty. One knee was randomly selected to be operated on with the calipered-KA technique and the other with MA. The participants were assessed via the Oxford Knee Score, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index questionnaire, and visual analog scale before the surgery and the same plus the Forgotten Joint Score at their last follow-up visit, 2 years postoperatively. Maximum knee flexion and the time reaching maximum knee flexion, named the recovery time, were also recorded. Hip-knee-ankle angle, medial proximal tibial angle, and lateral distal femoral angle were measured before and after the surgery using 3-joint-view radiographs. ResultsAt 2 years, there were significant differences between the KA and MA techniques in terms of duration of surgery, recovery time, and final Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index, Forgotten Joint Score, and maximum flexion range in favor of KA (P < .05), but no significant difference in visual analog scale score or Oxford Knee Score. In patients who have a preferred knee, the KA knee was preferred over the MA knee by most patients. No prosthetic failure or revision was reported in either group. ConclusionsThe KA technique yields acceptable functional outcomes compared to the MA technique. The KA technique was associated with a shorter surgery time, a faster recovery time, and higher patient satisfaction in 2-year follow-ups. Larger multicenter studies with longer follow-ups are warranted to confirm these findings. Level of EvidenceI.

Efficacy of Integrated Yoga and Naturopathy With Physiotherapy or Acupuncture for Low Back Pain: A Parallel, Two-Arm, Randomized Trial.

Low back pain (LBP) is a musculoskeletal condition that affects many individuals. While physiotherapy and acupuncture are frequently used treatments, determining their specific contributions when used alongside integrated yoga and naturopathy (IYN) therapy for relieving chronic LBP symptoms and enhancing quality of life is important. In the present prospective randomized comparative trial, a total of 60 participants were divided into the following two groups: physiotherapy with IYN and acupuncture with IYN. The treatment duration was 10 days, and assessments were conducted both before (baseline) and after the intervention. Various assessment tools, such as the visual analogscale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), fingertip-to-floor test (FTF), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and Short Form 36 (SF-36), were utilized. The statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 21.0 (Armonk, NY:IBM Corp). The results revealed significant differences in VAS score, ODI, FTF score, STAI score, and SF-36 score between the physiotherapy and acupuncture groups (p<0.001). A t-test for the equality of means and a Mann-Whitney U test were used to compare the two groups; these tests revealed a significant difference in disability levels, range of motion, and state of anxiety. The acupuncture group showed a significant difference in the ODI (15.9 {12.6, 19.3}; p <0.001) and state anxiety (23.0 {20.0, 26.0}; p<0.001) compared to the physiotherapy ODI (22.4 {18.5, 26.4}) and state anxiety (27.5 {25.0, 30.0}). The physiotherapy group showed a significant difference in range of motion (7.7 {5.7, 9.7}; p<0.001) compared to the acupuncture group (11.6 {9.8, 13.5}). The present study findings revealed that both physiotherapy and acupuncture, as interventions along with integrated yoga and naturopathy may be considered an effective treatment strategy for chronic LBP.

Short Versus Regular Periods of Cast Immobilization for Distal Radial Fractures: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The current research on the recommended durations for cast immobilization in adults with distal radial fractures (DRFs) lacks a clear consensus or definitive conclusion. The standard practice involves casting immobilization for five to six weeks. The debate revolves around the potential benefits of shorter periods (three to four weeks) without compromising patient outcomes. While previous research has delved into this subject through systematic reviews, our study stands out by conducting a meta-analysis, aiming for a more precise understanding of whether short or regular cast immobilization duration proves more effective for treating DRFs. A systematic search was conducted across PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library databases to identify relevant studies. The focus was on comparing the outcomes of DRFs between short (three to four weeks) and regular (five to six weeks) periods of cast immobilization. The evaluated parameters include the shortened disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand questionnaire (quick (q) DASH); patient-rated wrist evaluation (PRWE); visual analog scale (VAS) score after cast removal; total complications; and the occurrence of complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS). Data synthesis employed the random-effects models, presenting the results as mean difference (MD) and weighted odds ratio (OR) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI). We included three randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with 252 patients, of whom 125 (49.6%) were immobilized in a cast for three to four weeks. The average age of participants was 61.20 years, and the follow-up duration was one year. The QDASH scores were significantly lower at 12 weeks (MD -6.72; 95% CI -10.76 to -2.69; p = 0.001), six months (MD -4.46; 95% CI -7.42 to -1.50; p = 0.003), and one year (MD -4.89; 95% CI -7.45 to -2.33; p = 0.0002) in patients treated with short periods compared to those with regular periods. The PRWE scores at six months (MD -2.33; 95% CI -8.10 to 3.43; p=0.43) did not significantly differ between groups. Also, the PRWE scores were significantly lower at one year (MD -4.93; 95% CI -9.03 to -0.82; p = 0.02) in the shorter cast-immobilization-period group. There were no significant differences in VAS score after cast removal, total complications, or CRPS. The meta-analysis of RCTs on DRFs reveals that shorter periods of cast immobilization lead to better patient-reported functional outcomes (qDASH and PRWE). This suggests a potential benefit of reducing the immobilization duration for DRF patients, offering clinicians valuable insights for improved patient care and informed decision-making in clinical practice.

Comparison of effectiveness between unilateral biportal endoscopic decompression and unilateral biportal endoscopic lumbar interbody fusion for degree Ⅰdegenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis

To compare the effectiveness of unilateral biportal endoscopic decompression and unilateral biportal endoscopic lumbar interbody fusion (ULIF) in the treatment of degreeⅠdegenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis (DLS). A clinical data of 58 patients with degreeⅠDLS who met the selection criteria between October 2021 and October 2022 was retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 28 cases were treated with unilateral biportal endoscopic decompression (decompression group) and 30 cases with ULIF (ULIF group). There was no significant difference between the two groups ( P>0.05) in the gender, age, lesion segment, and preoperative visual analogue scale (VAS) score of low back pain, VAS score of leg pain, Oswestry disability index (ODI), C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), disk height (DH), segmental lordosis (SL), and other baseline data. The operation time, postoperative drainage volume, postoperative ambulation time, VAS score of low back pain, VAS score of leg pain, ODI, laboratory examination indexes (CRP, ESR), and imaging parameters (DH, SL) were compared between the two groups. Compared with the ULIF group, the decompression group had shorter operation time, less postoperative drainage, and earlier ambulation ( P<0.05). All incisions healed by first intention, and no complication such as nerve root injury, epidural hematoma, or infection occurred. All patients were followed up 12 months. Laboratory tests showed that ESR and CRP at 3 days after operation in decompression group were not significantly different from those before operation ( P>0.05), while the above indexes in ULIF group significantly increased at 3 days after operation compared to preoperative values ( P<0.05). There were significant differences in the changes of ESR and CRP before and after operation between the two groups ( P<0.05). Except that the VAS score of low back pain at 3 days after operation was not significantly different from that before operation in decompression group ( P>0.05), there were significant differences in VAS score of low back pain and VAS score of leg pain between the two groups at other time points ( P<0.05). The VAS score of low back pain in ULIF group was significantly higher than that in decompression group at 3 days after operation ( P<0.05), and there was no significant difference in VAS score of low back pain and VAS score of leg pain between the two groups at other time points ( P>0.05). The ODI of the two groups significantly improved after operation ( P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between 3 days and 6 months after operation ( P>0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups at the two time points after operation ( P<0.05). Imaging examination showed that there was no significant difference in DH and SL between pre-operation and 12 months after operation in decompression group ( P>0.05). However, the above two indexes in ULIF group were significantly higher than those before operation ( P<0.05). There were significant differences in the changes of DH and SL before and after operation between the two groups ( P<0.05). Unilateral biportal endoscopic decompression can achieve good effectiveness in the treatment of degree Ⅰ DLS. Compared with ULIF, it can shorten operation time, reduce postoperative drainage volume, promote early ambulation, reduce inflammatory reaction, and accelerate postoperative recovery. ULIF has more advantages in restoring intervertebral DH and SL.