Significant Change In FVC Research Articles

키네지오 테이핑 적용이 둥근어깨증후군 대상자의 폐활량에 미치는 영향

The purpose of this study was to find out the effect of kinesio taping on vital capacity of subjects with rounded shoulder syndrome. 26 of 20s men and women in their with round shoulder syndrome were randomly assigned to an experimental and a control group. All subjects measured their vital capacity before starting the experiment, and rested for an hour. The experimental group applied kinesio taping while resting, and the control group did not take any intervention. After an hour, subjects were measured vital capacity again to compare the amount of change. The experimental group showed significant changes in FVC, FEV1, and PEF after an hour. In the control group, there were no significant changes in vital capacity. In comparison between groups, the experimental group showed significant differences in FVC, FEV1, and PEF compared to the control group. Kinesio taping is effective in improving vital capacity for subjects who have rounded shoulder syndrome.

Effect of compression of fourth ventricle on the respiratory capacity in the post COVID patients

Introduction and Aim: Post-covid syndrome is the group of nonspecific symptoms which are seen among the patients who have been recovered from COVID-19 and that persist over 4 weeks. Symptoms involve fatigue, breathlessness, cough, cognitive disturbances, depression and anxiety, many organs related symptoms, and the prominent features involve shortness of breath and inability to return to baseline activity level. Studies show that Pneumonia which is associated with the COVID-19 infections can lead to long-standing damage to the alveoli in the lungs and as a result scar tissues may develop which in the future can lead to long-term breathing problems. The aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness of osteopathic CV4 technique in post covid patients.
 
 Materials and Methods: This is a pre-test and post-test experimental study conducted at Sri Sri University. In this study, 20 subjects both male and female, having mean age of 23.3 ± 2.81 years were taken. After assessment of all inclusion and exclusion criteria, a brief history regarding COVID-19 and if present other respiratory disorders was taken. Following this, a 5 minutes window period was given to all participants before the collection of pre-test data.
 
 Results: When CV4 osteopathic technique was given to post-covid patients, there was a significant change in FVC, FEV1, PEF and pulse rate when compared to the pretest intervention data. However, the changes in oxygen saturation levels were not statistically significant.
 
 Conclusion: The results show that osteopathic CV4 technique alters the respiratory capacity in post covid patients.

Nintedanib in idiopathic and secondary pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis

BackgroundPleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis (PPFE) has a variable disease course with dismal prognosis in the majority of patients with no validated drug therapy. This study is to evaluate the effect of nintedanib in patients with idiopathic and secondary PPFE. Patients admitted to a tertiary care center (2010–2019) were included into this retrospective analysis if they had a multidisciplinary diagnosis of PPFE, had been followed-up for 3 months or more, and had lung function tests and chest CTs available for review. Changes in pulmonary function tests were assessed using non-parametric tests and linear mixed effect model. Lung volumes were measured with lobar segmentation using chest CT.ResultsOut of 21 patients with PPFE, nine had received nintedanib, six had received another treatment and another six patients were monitored without drug therapy. Annual FVC (% of predicted) relative decline was − 13.6 ± 13.4%/year before nintedanib and − 1.6 ± 6.02%/year during nintedanib treatment (p = 0.014), whereas no significant change in FVC% relative decline was found in patients receiving another treatment (− 13.25 ± 34 before vs − 16.61 ± 36.2%/year during treatment; p = 0.343). Using linear mixed effect model, the slope in FVC was − 0.97%/month (95% CI: − 1.42; − 0.52) before treatment and − 0.50%/month (95% CI: − 0.88; 0.13) on nintedanib, with a difference between groups of + 0.47%/month (95% CI: 0.16; 0.78), p = 0.004. The decline in the upper lung volumes measured by CT was − 233 mL/year ± 387 mL/year before nintedanib and − 149 mL/year ± 173 mL/year on nintedanib (p = 0.327). Nintedanib tolerability was unremarkable.ConclusionIn patients with PPFE, nintedanib treatment might be associated with slower decline in lung function, paving the way for prospective, controlled studies.

Effects of High and Moderate-Intensity Interval Training on Pulmonary and Performance Parameters in Miners Suffering From Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases.

To characterize the effect of 12 weeks of high and moderate-intensity interval training on pulmonary and functional parameters in miners with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease working in the polluted environment. Forty-five miners with COPD (average degree: 60 > FEV1 < 70), were randomly divided into HIIT (with 100%-125% ISWT); MIIT (with 60%-85% ISWT), and control. The study period was 12 weeks (3 sessions per week). At the beginning and end of the study, pulmonary and functional indices was evaluated. Based on results, HIIT and MIIT significantly increased FVC, FEV1, and mean traveled distance in ISWT compared with control. Comparison of training intensities showed that HIIT led to a significant change in FVC, FEV1, and ISWT record compared to MIIT. It is suggested that miners suffering from COPD, consider HIIT as part of their treatment plan.

Phase II Investigation of the Efficacy of Antimycobacterial Therapy in Chronic Pulmonary Sarcoidosis

BackgroundA Phase I, single-center investigation found that 8 weeks of antimycobacterial therapy improved sarcoidosis FVC. Safety and efficacy assessments have not been performed in a multicenter cohort.Research QuestionThe objective of this study was to determine the safety and efficacy of antimycobacterial therapy on the physiological and immunologic end points of sarcoidosis.Study Design and MethodsIn a double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter investigation, patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis were randomly assigned to receive 16 weeks of concomitant levofloxacin, ethambutol, azithromycin, and rifabutin (CLEAR) or matching placebo to investigate the effect on FVC. The primary outcome was a comparison of change in percentage of predicted FVC among patients randomized to receive CLEAR or placebo in addition to their baseline immunosuppressive regimen. Secondary outcomes included 6-min walk distance (6MWD), St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) score, adverse events, and decrease in mycobacterial early secreted antigenic target of 6 kDa (ESAT-6) immune responses.ResultsThe intention-to-treat analysis revealed no significant differences in change in FVC among the 49 patients randomized to receive CLEAR (1.1% decrease) compared with the 48 randomized to receive placebo (0.02% increase) (P = .64). Physiological parameters such as the change in 6MWD were likewise similar (P = .91); change in SGRQ favored placebo (–8.0 for placebo vs –1.5 for CLEAR; P = .028). The per-protocol analysis revealed no significant change in FVC at 16 weeks between CLEAR and placebo. There was no significant change in 6MWD (36.4 m vs 6.3 m; P = .24) or SGRQ (–2.3 vs –7.0; P = .14). A decline in ESAT-6 immune responses at 16 weeks was noted among CLEAR-treated patients (P = .0003) but not patients receiving placebo (P = .24).InterpretationDespite a significant decline in ESAT-6 immune responses, a 16-week CLEAR regimen provided no physiological benefit in FVC or 6MWD among patients with sarcoidosis.

Repository corticotropin for Chronic Pulmonary Sarcoidosis

PurposeThe dose of repository corticotropin (RCI) and need for a loading dose in sarcoidosis patients receiving chronic corticosteroids are unclear. We performed a single-blind prospective study, comparing two doses of RCI in sarcoidosis.MethodsChronic pulmonary sarcoidosis patients receiving prednisone therapy with deterioration by 5% in FVC in the previous year were studied. RCI was administered subcutaneously at a loading dose of 80 units RCI for 10 days. Patients were randomized at day 14 to receive either 40- or 80-unit RCI twice a week. The dose of prednisone was modified by the clinician who was blinded to the patient’s dosage of RCI.ResultsSixteen patients completed the full 24 weeks of the study. At week 24, there was a decrease in the dose of prednisone, and improvements in DLCO, King’s Sarcoidosis Questionnaire health status and fatigue score. There was no significant change in FVC % predicted. For the PET scan, there was a significant fall in the standard uptake value (SUV) of the lung lesions. Only 3/8 patients remained on 80 units RCI for full 24 weeks. There was no significant difference in the response to therapy for those treated with 40- versus 80-unit RCI.ConclusionsRepository corticotropin treatment was prednisone-sparing and associated with significant improvement in DLCO, PET scan, and patient-reported outcome measures. A dose of 40-unit RCI twice a week was as effective as 80-unit RCI and was better tolerated.

Effects of chest resistance exercise and chest expansion exercise on stroke patients' respiratory function and trunk control ability.

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to examine the efficiency of chest resistance and chest expansion exercises for improving respiratory function and trunk control ability in patients with stroke. [Subjects] Forty patients with stroke were randomly allocated into a chest resistance exercise group (CREG, n = 20) and a chest expansion exercise group (CEEG, n = 20). [Methods] CREG patients underwent chest resistance exercises, and diaphragmatic resistance exercises by way of the proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation. CEEG patients underwent respiratory exercises with chest expansion in various positions. Both groups received 30 minutes of training per day, five times per week, for eight weeks. [Results] Both the CERG and CEEG groups showed significant changes in FVC, FEV1, and TIS after the intervention. TIS was significantly increased in the CREG compared to the CEEG after the intervention. [Conclusion] Both chest resistance and chest expansion exercises were effective for improving respiratory function and trunk control ability in stroke patients; however, chest resistance exercise is more efficient for increasing trunk control ability.

Advantages of CyberKnife for inoperable stage I peripheral non-small-cell lung cancer compared to three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy.

This study was conducted to compare the clinical curative effect and acute radiation lung reactions between CyberKnife (CK) and three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) treatment for inoperable stage I peripheral non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We retrospectively analyzed 68 patients with inoperable stage I peripheral NSCLC between 2012 and 2013 in our institution. The CK patients were treated with 42-60 Gy in three fractions, while the 3DCRT patients were treated with a total of 60 Gy, at 2 Gy per fraction. The patients were followed up and the clinical outcome was evaluated according to the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours. We assessed the presence of acute radiation pneumonitis and pulmonary function status by thoracic scan and pulmonary function tests following CK and 3DCRT treatment. The binary univariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that treatment method and forced expiratory volume in 1 sec/forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) prior to treatment (pre-FEV1/FVC) were the main factors affecting the risk of radiation pneumonitis. The analysis of these factors through multivariate logistic regression method demonstrated that treatment method for grade 1 and 2 [odds ratio (OR)= 7.866 and 11.334, respectively) and pre-FEV1/FVC for grade 1, 2 and 3 (OR = 5.062, 11.498 and 15.042, respectively) were significant factors affecting the risk of radiation pneumonitis (P<0.05). The 68 patients were divided into two subgroups using the threshold of pre-FEV1/FVC selected by the receiver operating characteristic curve. There were significant differences between the 3DCRT and CK treatment in both the pre-FEV1/FVC <68% and ≥68% subgroups for radiation pneumonitis (P=0.023 and 0.002, respectively). There was no statistically significant change in FVC, FEV1 and carbon monoxide diffusion capacity (DCLO) in the CK group, whereas there was a decrease in DCLO in the 3DCRT group. The complete remission rate was 40 vs. 34.2% at 1 year in the CK and 3DCRT groups, respectively. In conclusion, in this cohort of patients with inoperable stage I peripheral NSCLC, CK appears to be a safe and superior alternative to conventionally fractionated radiotherapy.

Pulmonary Functions after Injection Sclerotherapy of Esophageal Varices and after Band Ligation

Aim of the study: To study changes in pulmonary function tests after esophageal variceal injection sclerotherapy in comparison to changes after esophageal variceal band ligation. Patients & methods: This study was designed as non randomized controlled study. Thirty patients with hepatic cirrhosis & portal hypertension who were admitted to Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Infectious Diseases department , Benha university hospital for elective esophageal variceal therapy (secondary prophylaxis) were classified into group I:15 patients treated with sclerotherapy by using 5-15 ml ethanolamine oleate and group II:15 patients treated with band ligation. Patients were subjected for full clinical evaluation including history, general, chest, and abdominal examination. Laboratory and radiological investigation including complete blood count, liver function tests, kidney function tests and blood sugar and plain chest x-ray (P.A. and lateral views) were done. Pulmonary function tests and arterial blood gasses were done before, one day after and one week after the procedure. Results: The results revealed , significant decrease in vital capacity in group I one day after injection ( p ˂ 0.05),but no significant decrease in vital capacity in group II. There was a significant decrease in PaO2 in group I one day after injection sclerotherapy ( p ˂ 0.05) but no significant changes in group II and no significant changes in PaCO2 in both groups one day after the procedures. The study has also revealed no significant changes in FVC,FEV1/FVC and PaCO2 in group I and group II after procedures. The study revealed significant linear correlation between the decreases in PaO2 and the percentage decrease in vital capacity( p ˂ 0.05). One week after procedure, pulmonary functions that has been affected in group I returned back to baseline values. Conclusions: esophageal injection sclerotherapy produces restrictive defect (decrease in PaO2 and vital capacity) in pulmonary functions one day after injection and improved within one

Pulmonary function in children and young adults with ataxia telangiectasia

Pulmonary disease contributes to significant morbidity and mortality in people with ataxia telangiectasia (A-T). To determine the association between age and lung function in children and young adults with A-T and to identify factors associated with decreased lung function, pulmonary function tests were performed in 100 consecutive people with A-T. Children and adults ranging from 6 to 29 years of age and with the diagnosis of A-T were recruited, and underwent pulmonary function tests. The mean forced vital capacity % predicted (FVC %) in the population was 56.6 ± 20.0. Males and females between 6 and 10 years of age had similar pulmonary function. Older females were found to have significantly lower FVCs % than both older males (P < 0.02) and younger females (P < 0.001). The use of supplemental gamma globulin was associated with significantly lower FVC %. A modest correlation was found between higher radiation-induced chromosomal breakage and lower FVC % in males. No significant change in FVC % was found in a subset of subjects (n = 25) who underwent pulmonary function testing on two or more occasions over an average of 2 years. In children and young adults with A-T, older females and people who required supplemental gamma globulin had significantly lower lung function by cross-sectional analysis. Stable lung function is possible over a 2-year period. Recognition of groups who are at higher risk for lower pulmonary function may help direct care and improve clinical outcomes in people with A-T.

Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Treated With Open Instrumented Anterior Spinal Fusion

A multicenter prospective database was queried for patients who underwent open instrumented anterior spinal fusion (OASF) for treatment of primary thoracic (Lenke 1) adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). To present the intermediate radiographic and pulmonary function testing (PFT) data from patients who underwent OASF using modern, rigid instrumentation. Anterior spinal fusion is an excellent method to correct the 3-dimensional deformity produced by AIS. Modern instrumentation consisting of stronger metals, unthreaded rods, and dual rod systems should theoretically decrease the incidence of rod breakage, pseudarthrosis, and loss of correction seen in earlier OASF studies. The paucity of intermediate and long-term data prevents surgeons and patients from making an informed decision regarding the true incidence of these complications. Of 101 potential patients who underwent OASF with a minimum 5-year follow-up, 85 (85%) were studied. Standing radiographs were analyzed before surgery and at first standing erect, 2-year, and 5-year follow-up. PFT data were collected before surgery and at 5 years after surgery. Complete 5-year follow-up was obtained in 85 patients. Five years after surgery, the mean coronal correction was 26 degrees (51%; P < 0.05) and the thoracolumbar/lumbar curve improved 16 degrees (51%). There was a 9-degree (P < 0.001) increase in kyphosis, and there were 9 patients (11%) in whom the C7 plumb line translated >2 cm. There was a 6.7% decrease in predicted FEV1 over the 5-year period, from 75.5% +/- 13% before surgery to 68.8% +/- 2% at 5-year follow-up (P = 0.007); however, there was no significant change in FVC. There were 3 significant adverse events: 1 implant breakage requiring reoperation and 2 cases of progression of the main thoracic curve requiring reoperation. OASF is a reproducible and safe method to treat thoracic AIS. It provides good coronal and sagittal correction of the main thoracic and compensatory thoracolumbar/lumbar curves that is maintained with intermediate term follow-up. In skeletally immature children, this technique can cause an increase in kyphosis beyond normal values, and less correction of kyphosis should be considered during instrumentation. As with any procedure that employs a thoracotomy, pulmonary function is mildly decreased at final follow-up.

Despite Decreased Wait-List Times for Lung Transplantation, Lung Allocation Scores Continue to Increase

In May 2005, the lung allocation score (LAS) was introduced as a means of allocating donor lungs in order to decrease wait-list mortality and prioritize candidates based on medical urgency and posttransplant survival. The purpose of this study was to assess changes in recipient wait-list times and mean LAS since the introduction of the LAS model. The United Network for Organ Sharing provided de-identified patient-level data. The study population consisted of all patients in the United States with a reported LAS (n = 3529) undergoing lung transplantation between May 7, 2005 and November 7, 2007. The study period was divided into 6-month intervals. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to assess differences in variables with nonparametric distributions. The nonparametric trends test was used to determine significance of trends over time. There was a significant decrease in wait-list time during the study period, while LAS among transplant recipients increased (p < 0.001). There was no significant change in FVC (49.3 +/- 17.5%, p = 0.48) or pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (11.1 +/- 5.8 mm Hg, p = 0.23); however, there was a significant increase in age (51.5 +/- 13.9 years, p < 0.001) during the study period. When stratified by etiology, the LAS increased for both interstitial pulmonary fibrosis and COPD patients (p < 0.001). Moreover, the overall number of patients listed for transplantation as well as the LAS among transplant candidates increased (p < 0.001). Two years after initiation of the LAS model, wait-list times continue to decrease while mean LAS continued to increase. This increase in LAS among transplant recipients was observed most notably in patients with interstitial pulmonary fibrosis and COPD, and reflected in an increased mean LAS at the time of listing.

The Pulmonary Effects of Long-term Exposure to Aerosol Pentamidine : A 5-Year Surveillance Study in HIV-Infected Patients

To assess the effects of long-term exposure to aerosolized pentamidine (AP) for the prophylaxis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia on the pulmonary function. The results of pulmonary function tests (PFTs) over a period of 5 years were retrospectively analyzed in a cohort of HIV-infected individuals. A government-funded AP clinic in a large metropolitan center in Canada. Among the cohort of 1,850 HIV-positive patients who received regular AP prophylaxis between 1989 and 2001 at the AP clinic, 83 received AP for >or= 5 years. Of these 83 patients, baseline and long-term follow-up PFT data were available for 79. These subjects formed the study population for this analysis. The cohort was divided according to smoking status (smokers, 48%). The rate of decline of FEV(1) in the smokers over the 5-year period was statistically significant but was comparable to that expected of healthy smokers. As for the nonsmokers, there was no significant reduction in FEV(1). Flow rates at low lung volumes (ie, forced expiratory flow at 50% and 75% of FEV(1)) and low FEV(1)/FVC ratios showed significant declines in both smokers and nonsmokers. On the other hand, no significant changes in FVC, total lung capacity, residual volume, or diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide were observed. The apparent slight reduction in flow rates seems to be at the level of the small airways. The PFT data suggest that AP can be well-tolerated over a 5-year period in HIV-infected patients with only modest reduction in flow rates at the level of the small airways, especially in smokers.

The use of an intravenous fish oil emulsion enriched with omega-3 fatty acids in patients with cystic fibrosis

The effects of parenteral nutrition supplemented with a lipid emulsion enriched with the omega-3 fatty acids (FA), eicosapentaenoate (20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoate (22:6n-3), derived from fish oil were compared to a standard lipid emulsion containing omega-6 FA in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Patients were randomized to receive either Omegavenous 10%, which contains fish oil (IFO), or Liposyn III 10% (control) daily for 1 mo at a dose of 150 mg/kg. There were no observed allergic or toxic reactions, no abnormalities in liver function tests or coagulation parameters. To assess the bioavailability of the lipid administered, measurement of plasma free fatty acid (FFA) levels were made of the essential FA. There were no adverse changes in plasma levels of the omega-6 FA (18:2n-6, 18:3n-6, 20:3n-6, and 20:4n-6), and plasma levels of the omega-3 FA (20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3) increased significantly during the 1-mo study. There were no significant changes in plasma FFA profiles of the essential FA for the patients receiving the control lipid. The effect of treatment on pulmonary function was also investigated. There were no significant changes in FVC, FEV 1, PEFR, FEV 1/FVC, or FEF 25–75 (absolute value or percentage) over the 4 weeks of study in the group receiving IFO or control. This preliminary investigation suggests that intravenous administration of fish oils enriched with long chain omega-3 FA to patients with CF is safe and bioavailable.