Significance Of Participation Research Articles

“It’s okay to dream: Navigating trauma, healing, and futuring among LGBTQ + Black girls, transgender and nonbinary youth in New York State”

Black LGBTQ + girls, femmes, transgender and nonbinary youth and young adults experience high rates of sexual violence, and other forms of trauma, including oppression-based trauma related to racism, misogynoir, homophobia and transphobia. Black LGBTQ + girls, femmes, transgender and nonbinary young people, whose experiences are underexplored within social science research, also experience disparately harsh discipline and pushout within school settings while being disproportionately represented in the foster care and juvenile justice systems. However, they are also a community with a tremendous history of creative resistance, and legacies of activism and powerful healing practices. Within this paper we have disaggregated the interview data of 13 LGBTQ + identified participants from a larger qualitative study with 24 Black girls, femmes, transgender and nonbinary youth, aged 16–25, who reside in New York State. Data were analyzed using critical thematic analysis and three main themes emerged: 1) the significance of participants’ experiences of childhood trauma, 2) participants’ conceptualizations and experiences of healing and resistance, and 3) participants aspirations and dreams for their futures and the futures of their communities.

Assessing stakeholder participation in coastal zone management: Methodological proposal and its application in a case study from Cádiz Bay, Andalusia (Spain)

Stakeholder participation (SP) is widely acknowledged in the literature as a vital tool for improving coastal zone management (CZM) and facilitating conflict mediation, resource allocation, and program implementation. However, in Spain, as in other countries, participation in CZM faces significant challenges, including underrepresentation, limited stakeholder influence in decision-making, and various resource-related issues. Despite the robust theoretical framework established in the literature, practical methods for evaluating SP and overcoming these challenges are lacking, with most efforts focused on assessing processes rather than outcomes. This study addresses this gap by proposing a systematic assessment approach built on criteria and operational indicators capable of assessing stakeholder participation in CZM from the process to its outcomes. It also examines stakeholder participation in PAs and CZs of Cádiz Bay (Spain) through the application of this approach to identify which of these challenges are present in the region, highlighting areas for improvement. The approach was developed through a multistep process, including identifying participation components via a literature review, categorizing these components into each participation dimension (who, when, how, why), formulating criteria and indicators based on these components, consulting and validating with experts, and operationalizing the approach through an analysis matrix. Data collection involved reviewing official documents, minutes of participatory arenas, and stakeholder interviews. The approach comprises six criteria - representativeness, timing, promotion, accountability and clearness, influence, and effectiveness - providing a valuable tool for understanding the progression and outcomes of participatory processes. However, the findings also highlight the need for refinement to better capture the quality and significance of participation and to make it more applicable beyond scientific research contexts. The application of the approach in Cádiz Bay revealed challenges such as underrepresentation, limited influence, resource constraints, transparency issues, and effectiveness in fostering cooperation and trust. Participation also appears to be sectorized, reflecting the fragmented institutional framework in the CZM of Cádiz Bay.

Serum uric acid to eGFR ratio correlates with adverse outcomes in elderly hospitalized for acute heart failure

BackgroundSerum uric acid (SUA) is a known biomarker of severity in acute heart failure (AHF), reflecting the intricate interplay between cardiovascular and metabolic dysfunction. Since SUA can increase in response to worsening kidney function, and subjects with AHF often have cardiorenal syndrome or are on diuretic therapy, we tested whether the ratio of SUA to eGFR might provide prognostic value in elderly hospitalized for AHF. MethodsThe BOTERO-AHF Study (BOlogna study of Therapies, Epidemiology and Radiodiagnostic Outcomes in Acute Heart Failure patients) included 293 patients admitted for AHF who were consecutively enrolled from January 2020 onwards. We compared the baseline characteristics of participants who had a composite outcome (CO) (n = 203) of death or re-hospitalization for AHF within 12 months from discharge to those without CO (n = 90), and we assessed the prognostic impact of SUA/eGFR for 12-months CO. ResultsSUA/eGFR was significantly higher in participants who experienced a CO within 12 months from discharge for AHF, compared to those who did not experience any CO (17.8 (16.6) vs. 13.7 (12.1) mg/dl/ml/min*100, p = 0.008). SUA/eGFR, and not SUA alone, was associated with an increase in the rate of CO (unadjusted HR 1.011, CI 95% 1.004–1.019, p = 0.003). This association lost significance in participants under treatment with xanthine oxidase inhibitors but remained significant after adjustment for multiple confounders. ConclusionThe SUA/ eGFR ratio provides prognostic value in elderly patients hospitalized for AHF. Future studies may clarify if SUA/eGFR and XOI may represent novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for subgroups of patients with AHF.

Participação social e justiça da mobilidade no Brasil

Abstract In the pursuit of more sustainable and just mobilities, academic debates have regarded public participation as a fundamental component in transport and mobility planning. However, little has been discussed about the role of participation in mobility justice in the Global South, where mobilities are not always fair and inclusive. Against this backdrop, this paper adopts an innovative theoretical and methodological framework to investigate the practices, dynamics, and significance of participation within and outside state-led mobility planning in Brazil. The findings from Rio de Janeiro and Porto Alegre provide evidence of a range of spaces for participation and their importance in combating mobility injustices in informal settlements.

К вопросу об участии Ф.Ф. Кокошкина в Выборгском воззвании 10 июля 1906 г.

One of the most controversial events in the history of Russian parliamentarism is analyzed. The motives for the Vyborg Manifesto are clarified. The stages preceding the signing and publication of the text of the document are studied. The aim is to clarify the role and significance of participation in the Vyborg Manifesto by F.F. Kokoshkin, who was one of the significant public and political figures of that time. The consequences of this event are noted, affecting both the jurist himself and those that influenced the history of the development of domestic constitutionalism. The following research methods are used: historical-legal, formal-legal and com-parative-legal approaches of scientific cognition. As a result of the conducted research, the main reasons that served as the basis for the appeal of a group of former deputies to the people are identified. It is noted that the demands were of a radical nature and included calls for a boycott of the government in the form of refusal to pay taxes, replenishment of the army and recognition of loans. The process of creating the text itself took place in multi-stages, starting with the drafting of the appeal in St. Petersburg and ending with a full-fledged discussion in Vyborg. The result of the appeal did not justify itself, there was no popular unrest. F.F. Kokoshkin played a significant role in drafting the text of the appeal to the people and subsequently repeatedly defended his position. After the trial, the lawyer was sentenced to three months in prison, deprived of all voting rights and expelled from the Moscow nobility. The Vyborg Manifesto became a precedent in passive resistance to the authorities.

Dialogic carbon accounting: toward agonistic discourses and democratic governance in China

PurposeThis study aims to explore the conflicting issues of carbon accounting and trading practices in China through the lens of agonistic democracy.Design/methodology/approachBased on a framework of three interrelated levels, this study explores emitting entity carbon accounting debates and discussions in mitigating climate change. Interview data were collected from 20 emitting entity participants and external auditors.FindingsThis study identifies irreconcilable conflicts between emitting entities and the government in carbon accounting and trading activities. Under the strong influence of government power, emitting entities portray themselves as “responsible” and “legitimate” state-owned enterprises. This study further identifies possible democratic spaces and reveals the potential for agonistic discourse and a fallacy of “consensus” and monologues in institutional space. If the emitting entity and government can overcome their participation challenges, this would significantly facilitate vibrant and agonistic discourse in carbon activities and pave the way for democratic spaces.Originality/valueThis study demonstrates the potential and limitations of applying agonistic democracy and the significance of participation in institutional spaces in government-led carbon accounting and trading issues. It enriches prior research on promoting democratic participation in carbon accounting from the agonistic democracy perspective.

The Significance of Participation in the Global Production Network to Economic Development: An Econometric Analysis of BRICS+T Countries

With globalization, the international fragmentation of production (IFP) splits the production process of final goods and services into several stages undertaken in different countries integrated into global production networks. BRICS + T countries have rapidly participated in the (IFP) process especially after 2000s. The main purpose of this paper is to analyze the nexus between BRICS+T countries’ participation in the global production networks and their economic development. The vertical specialization rate, as an indicator of this participation, had been calculated utilizing OECD Input-Output Tables. Subsequently, the development index was calculated utilizing economic-technological and cultural-institutional indicators published by World Bank. The vertical specialization’s impact on development was estimated utilizing the CS-ARDL estimator. The results revealed that while the vertical specialization has a statistically significant positive impact on development in the short term, a positive but not statistically significant impact was recorded in the long term. Konya (2006) causality test was performed to examine the causal relationship among the selected variables. The results revealed a one-way causality running from development to vertical specialization in China and Turkey and a one-way causality running from vertical specialization to development in Brazil. No causality relationship could be detected in other countries included in the analysis.

THU179 Lifestyle Practices Elicited Different Responses To Growth Velocity Among Adolescents Depending On Different Levels Of Genetic Risk Score

Abstract Disclosure: N. Nguyen: None. H. Fan: None. Y. Chen: None. Context: The evidence regarding effects of different lifestyle pratices, such as sun bathing, exercising, rope jumping, sleep duration, and milk intake, on growth velocity remain controversial and the influence of genetically determined characteristics on this association is less studied. Objective: To assess the impacts of different lifestyle pratices on annualized growth velocity and evaluate the role of several combined height-related alleles, mirrorred by the genetic risk score, on the association between lifestyle practices and growth among adolescents. Design: Prospective cohort study (mean follow-up duration: 2 years) Setting: Primary Care Participants: The Taiwan Puberty Longitudinal Study cohort, including male and female adolescent aged 6-17 (N = 1036) who were examined at both baseline and follow-up clinic visits. Main Outcome Measures: The effects of regular lifestyle practices (sun soaking, exercise habit, jumping rope, milk intake and sleep duration) on changes in height measurements. Participants will be stratified by either low or high genetic risk score. Results: Among lifestyle practices, sleep duration was significantly associated with growth velocity. Sleeping hours ranging between 7-8 hours per night were linked with a greatest growth. This relation was mainly driven by differences in males and was more obvious during Tanner’s stage II-III. The positive association between sleep duration and growth velocity was driven by significance in participants with low genetic risk score but not in those with high genetic risk score. Meanwhile, milk intake of greater than or equal to one cup per day had a modest effect on height velocity in male during Tanner’s stage I. Conclusions: Sleep duration was associated with growth velocity, in which 7-8 hours per night was optimal. The benefit of adequate sleep was greater in individuals having low genetic risk score. Milk intake may have modest effect on growth velocity. Presentation: Thursday, June 15, 2023

Assessment of Awareness and Approach Regarding Antibiotic Prescription and Resistance among Different Level of Dental Students in a Tertiary Care Dental College, Karachi

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the awareness and approach of dental students regarding antibiotic prescription and its resistance due to irrational use of antibiotics. Antibiotic resistance is spreading alarmingly throughout the world, including developed countries. The common causes of antibiotic resistance include over prescription, incomplete treatment and inappropriate self medication.Among different causes of antimicrobial resistance, irrational use of antibiotic is the most prominent one. METHODOLOGY: After approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee of Ziauddin University this cross-sectional study was conducted from 1st April, 2020 to 30th July,2020 at Ziauddin University. Third and final year dental students as well as house officers were enrolled and the computed sample size was 133 to which 5% non-response rate was added, therefore total 139 dental students were approached. Non-probability convenience sampling technique was used. A self- designed, self administered questionnaire was prepared to collect the demographic data and information regarding the prescription pattern of antibiotics amongst study subjects. All questions in the questionnaire were close ended. The questionnaire comprised information pertaining to demographic characteristics, standard guideline for antibiotic prescriptions, antibiotic stewardship and resistance, improper prescription and its consequences. The dental students were briefed about the purpose of the study and the significance of participation and a written informed consent was obtained from them. The awareness of dental students regarding antibiotics was the outcome factor. The data was analyzed by using SPSS version 22. RESULTS: Out of total 139 dental students majority (79.1%)were familiar to standard antibiotic prescription guidelines .(87.8%) responded amoxicillin is beta lactam, for probability of antibiotic abuse and antibiotics aid in recovery of infections majority showed awareness (92.1% and 84.9% respectively). Almost equal students inquire recent antibiotic course prior to prescription (90.6%) as well as take extra caution prescribing antibiotic in immune compromised patients (89.9%). CONCLUSION: This study concluded that majority of the dental students had good awareness regarding antibiotics and factors related to it, as participants responded positively to the 70% of awareness - based questions. KEYWORDS: Awareness. Antibiotics, Resistance, Prescription, Dental Students

The Online Training on English for Teaching Science for Primary and Secondary School Teachers

Communication is one of the important 21st century skills to teach to the students. The ability of using international laguage supports the global communication. English is the official international language as the media of communication in all important fields. In order to enable good teaching English in science, teachers need to improve their competence. One of the ways is participating in trainings. In current global era, technology facilitates the trainings effectively. The online training of English for Teaching Science held by BBGP Jawa Barat that previously named PPPPTK IPA was attended by primary and secondary school teachers. It provided the positive impacts of improving knowledge and skill of using English especially in listening, speaking, reading, and writing. The average score gain of pretest and posttest is 26.95. The available data is analysed by counting N-Gain to find out the significance of participants’ improvement and training effectivity. The result shows that the normalized value of the online training of English for Teaching Science is 0,598 indicating fair and the percentage 59,76% shows the quite effectiveness of fulfilment. However, there was only 60% of participants met all training sessions. The obstacles faced by participants were technicals and facility availabilities.
 
 Keywords: training, online, English, competence, effectiveness

The significance of participation in transcendence in Luther and Przywara

Summary Plato and Aristotle understood phenomena to be knowable to the extent that they participate in the reality of the unchangeable, and this attitude was appropriated by the church fathers as a way of exploring the world’s dependence on its Creator. Luther’s insistence on the world’s sinfulness and on salvation as one-sidedly dependent on divine agency has been criticized as a rejection of this understanding of the inherent goodness of the world, thus paving the way for the secularized world view of modernity. Among these critics is Erich Przywara in his works up to and including his book Analogia Entis from 1932. However, in 1952 Przywara published an article where he found Luther’s theology of exchange to be a close parallel to his own doctrine of analogia entis, the implication being that Luther is closer to a Catholic understanding of the world’s relationship with God than mainstream post-Enlightenment Protestantism, and this article is an attempt to substantiate that claim.

Rural-urban differences in workplace health promotion among employees of small and medium-sized enterprises in Germany

BackgroundRural and urban areas hold different health challenges and resources for resident small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and their employees. Additionally, residents of urban and rural areas differ in individual characteristics. This study aims at investigating potential rural-urban differences (1) in the participation rate in workplace health promotion (WHP) and (2) in the relationship of WHP and health relevant outcomes in residents living in rural or urban German areas and working in SMEs.MethodsData of a large German Employee Survey in 2018 were used and analyzed by chi-square and t-tests and regression analyses regarding job satisfaction, sick days, and psychosomatic complaints. A total of 10,763 SME employees was included in analyses (23.9% living in rural, 76.1% living in urban areas).ResultsAnalyses revealed higher participation rates for SME employees living in rural areas. SME employees living in urban areas reported more often the existence of WHP. Results showed (a) significance of existence of WHP for psychosomatic complaints and (b) significance of participation in WHP for job satisfaction in SME employees living in urban but not for those living in rural areas.ConclusionThe revealed disparities of (1) higher participation rates in SME employees living in rural areas and in (2) the relationship of WHP aspects with health relevant outcomes are of special interest for practitioners (, e.g. human resource managers), politicians, and researchers by providing new indications for planning and evaluating WHP measures.

Reclaiming the indigenous knowledge(s): English curriculum through ‘Decoloniality’ lens

ABSTRACT When government announced removal of the Goodbye Mr. Chips from intermediate-level English textbooks in one of the provinces of Pakistan, the public and media response was overwhelming. Students in particular took a sigh of relief because many believed it was a boring story by a foreign author, depicting a foreign setting. Drawing on this development as a reference point, this article examines the perspectives of students and teachers about the teaching of English literature in part of Pakistan. The method used combines semi-structured interviews with a questionnaire survey. Using Coloniality and Decoloniality as conceptual frames, the paper discusses the significance of participants’ perspectives at theoretical, ideological and implementational levels. Findings suggest a paradigmatic shift from the Anglo-normativity. Participants call for an overhaul of the current English literature-dominated curriculum. Their alternative paradigm is more pluralist, which should: reclaim the indigenous/local knowledge, be firmly grounded in students’ sociocultural ecologies, and take into consideration students’ cognitive engagement and identity investment. We interpret their reflective agency as a significant epistemic break from the normative deterministic logic of the unassailable position of English, and their voices as robust intellectual tools. Symbolically, these voices seek to liberate academia from the yoke of coloniality.

Does Being a Sport Fan Provide Meaning in Life?

Adding to research on team identification and well-being, inquiry into meaning in life and team identification could illuminate how sport fandom impacts consumers’ lives. In the current study, an instrumental case study design was used to explore how team identification impacts meaning in life, focusing on significance. Participant diaries and interviews with identified fans of a professional women’s basketball team revealed that connecting with family and friends, supporting women’s sport, and enhancing mental health via support of the team were sources of significance in participants’ lives. The findings illustrate that meaning in life is not necessarily experienced just from being a highly identified fan. Instead, specific elements of one’s connection to the team provide meaning. The findings also highlight the importance of close relationships over imaginary intimate relationships, impacting social justice among fans of women’s sport, and how mental health via fandom may provide older adults significance.

How to navigate the application of ethics norms in global health research: reflections based on qualitative research conducted with people with disabilities in Uganda

BackgroundAs Canadian global health researchers who conducted a qualitative study with adults with and without disabilities in Uganda, we obtained ethics approval from four institutional research ethics boards (two in Canada and two in Uganda). In Canada, research ethics boards and researchers follow the research ethics norms of the Tri-Council Policy Statement: Ethical Conduct for Research Involving Humans (TCPS2), and the National Guidelines for Research Involving Humans as Research Participants of Uganda (NGRU) in Uganda. The preparation and implementation of this qualitative research raised specific ethical issues related to research participant privacy and the importance of availability and management of financial resources.Main bodyOur field experience highlights three main issues for reflection. First, we demonstrate that, in a global health research context, methodological and logistic adjustments were necessary throughout the research implementation process to ensure the protection of study participants’ privacy, especially that of people with disabilities, despite having followed the prescribed Canadian and Ugandan ethics norms. Data collection and management plans were adapted iteratively based on local realities. Second, securing financial support as a key aspect of financial management was critical to ensure privacy through disability-sensitive data collection strategies. Without adequate funding, the recruitment of research participants based on disability type, sex, and region or the hiring of local sign language interpreters would not have been possible. Third, although the TCPS2 and NGRU underscore the significance of participants’ privacy, none of these normative documents clearly express this issue in the context of global health research and disability, nor broadly discuss the ethical issue related to financial availability and management.ConclusionsConducting research in resource limited settings and with study participants with different needs calls for a nuanced and respectful implementation of research ethics in a global health context. We recommend a greater integration in both the TCPS2 and NGRU of global health research, disability, and responsible conduct of research. This integration should also be accompanied by adequate training which can further guide researchers, be they senior, junior, or students, and funding agencies.

Simulation-Based Training Program to Improve Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Teamwork Skills for the Urgent Care Clinic Staff.

Lack of high-quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and effective team communication during cardiovascular emergencies could lead to poor patient outcomes and adverse events. Studies have shown that CPR psychomotor skills declined 3 months and plateaued up to 6 months after the completion of CPR training. The Urgent Care Clinic (UCC) interprofessional staff did not receive consistent training on CPR and teamwork skills beyond what was received from the biannual American Red Cross (ARC) Basic Life Support (BLS) training and semiannual Resuscitative Care Function mock cardiac arrest. Most participants took their last CPR training for more than 6 months (n = 12, 67%), between 3 and 6 months (n = 2, 11%), and within the last 3 months before the pre-intervention period (n = 4, 22%). The purpose of the project was to form an interprofessional team to lead the development and implementation of a theory- and evidence-based simulation-based training program to improve CPR and teamwork skills while enhancing patient safety and emergency medical readiness in the hospital and UCC. The quality improvement project utilized an interprofessional in situ simulation-based training to improve participants' CPR and teamwork skills. The UCC physicians, nurses, and medical technicians completed a CPR and teamwork simulation-based training with a high-fidelity mannequin, pre-simulation preparation, briefing, and debriefing. The project collected pre-intervention and post-intervention data for CPR competence and teamwork perceptions. A paired t-test was used to assess differences in participant CPR skills and Team Strategies to Enhance Performance and Patient Safety Teamwork Perceptions Questionnaire responses before and after the simulation-based training intervention. The 59th Medical Wing and the University of South Alabama Institutional Review Boards approved the quality improvement project. A total of 18 participants completed the ARC BLS and Team Strategies to Enhance Performance and Patient Safety simulation-based training. Most participants were medical technicians (n = 8, 44%), followed by physicians (n = 5, 28%) and (n = 5, 28%) nurses. There was a statistical significance in participants' ARC BLS scores, with a pre-simulation mean score of 45.42 and a post-simulation mean score of 89.21 (P = .000, 95% CI = 36.89-50.68). For Team Strategies to Enhance Performance and Patient Safety teamwork perceptions, there was a statistically significant increase in the participants' teamwork perception levels, with a pre-simulation mean score of 4.61 and a post-simulation mean score of 4.86 (P = .000, 95% CI = 0.20-0.31). Our results demonstrated that the participants' ARC BLS scores and UCC's team perceptions have increased after in situ simulation-based training. We did not assess the ideal time for re-training. We recommend a 3- to 6-month post-training assessment to determine the optimal time for a CPR and teamwork refresher training. A high-fidelity simulation-based program with trained facilitators that assess the healthcare providers' CPR and teamwork skills could enhance the delivery of high-quality CPR and execution of effective teamwork skills in their workplace.

Analysis of psychological status and effect of psychological intervention in quarantined population during the epidemic of SARS-CoV-2.

During outbreaks of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), many countries adopted quarantine to slow the spread of the virus of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Quarantine will cause isolation from families, friends, and the public, which consequently leads to serious psychological pressure with potentially long-lasting effects on the quarantined population. Experience of specific practices to improve the psychological status of the mandatory quarantined population was limited. The aim of this study was to investigate the psychological impact of mandatory quarantine, and evaluate the effect of psychological intervention on the quarantined population.We conducted a prospective cohort study to assess and manage the psychological status of a mandatory quarantined population in Beijing, China. A total of 638 individuals completed 2 questionnaires and were enrolled in this study, of which 372 participants accepted designed psychological intervention while other 266 participants refused it. The SCL-90 questionnaire was used to evaluate the psychological status and its change before and after the intervention. The differences of SCL-90 factor scores between participants and the national norm group were assessed by 2 samples t test. While the SCL-90 factor scores before and after intervention were compared with 2 paired samples t test.Compared with the Chinese norms of SCL-90, the participants had higher SCL-90 factor scores in most items of the SCL-90 inventory. The SCL-90 factor scores of participants with psychological intervention significantly decreased in somatization, obsessive-compulsive, depression, anxiety, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation, and psychoticism. In contrast, most factor scores of the SCL-90 inventory changed little without statistical significance in participants without psychological intervention.Psychological problems should be emphasized in the quarantined individuals and professional psychological intervention was a feasible approach to improve the psychological status of the mandatory quarantined population in the epidemic of SARS-CoV-2.

The Development of Organic Tourism Villages Based on Participation and Local Wisdom in Indonesia

Participation and local wisdom are the basis for building the success of a tourist village. In a participative based tourist village, work opportunities can be created for the local community to help reduce poverty. The development model for a tourist village based on local wisdom provides the opportunity for the community to show the identity of its ecotourism and display its own uniqueness. The goal of the research is to understand the potential of social behavior that occurs in activities between individuals in the community, including aspects of participation and local wisdom in the success of developing organic tourist village. A qualitative research method is used which focuses on an investigation of the way human beings interpret values of local wisdom and the significance of participation in the development of the organic tourist village. In the research of a case study, to collect data which involve various sources of information (observation, interview, focus group discussion, audio-visual material, document, and report). The research results show that the development organic tourist village of Blederan based on participation and local wisdom. It impact to sustainability and independence of the community in resource management.

Olympiad at a technical university: students’ opinions and development prospects

Introduction. Learning foreign languages at a technical university is an integral part of the educational process. A highly qualified specialist must have both knowledge in his/her specialist field and the skills of mastering foreign language competence. The purpose of the study was an attempt to analyze the data obtained through a sociological survey of students regarding the holding of the annual Olympiad in a foreign language at a technical university. Materials and methods. The material of the study included the answers of 114 students of the Stupino branch of the Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University) from the first to third full-time courses by filling in Google forms. The use of the data obtained allowed revealing the attitude of students towards the English Olympiad held at the university since 2014. Results. The significance of participation in a foreign language Olympiad was assessed by 23% of the respondents. Among the respondents, there were 73% of the respondents who consider preparation for the Olympiad an important element reflecting the student’s knowledge and influencing the results of the Olympiad. Besides, 78% of respondents have already taken part in similar events. Thirty-nine percent of the surveyed students discovered new opportunities in continuing to learn the language. It is a fact that some respondents (36%) do not think that preparation for and participation in the Olympiad can increase the student’s motivation when learning a foreign language. Conclusion. Olympiad activities and preparation for this event make it possible to train a socially successful, creatively active, and demanded young specialist, acting as an activator of a competitive and developing educational environment.

Community Preparedness for Disasters in Delhi: An Empirical Evaluation

Background: During a disaster, the community remains the primary and the sole line of response for quite long time period and therefore, incorporating local communities in disaster recovery and risk reduction is crucial, critical component. Aim: Evaluating the vulnerability of a selected society on four aspects: Information, Awareness, Training and Preparedness in a multi hazard prone state of Delhi, India, constitutes the central focal point of this study. Methodology: The data primarily was collected through two separate questionnaires administered to the sample of 726 respondents in the age group of 15 – 75 years. Community was sub-divided into two groups – First included professionals, housewives, retired persons (n= 280) and second included students of school (n=160) and college/university level (n= 286). The sampling technique employed was stratified random with methodology as empirical and analytical. Findings: The study affirms, firstly, that there is lack of awareness of the community about disaster plan, its components and agencies entrusted with disaster planning; secondly, there is a vague understanding about their role both during and post disaster; thirdly, significance of participation in training is also underestimated. Recommendations: A roadmap for increasing resilience of communities through effective training and outreach programs for capacity building up for the ‘whole’ community. 
 Keywords: Disaster risk reduction, community preparedness, resilience, participation, disaster management