Significance Of Nitrogen Research Articles

Investigation of Yield Limiting Nutrients for Wheat Productivity through Nutrient Omission Trials

This study examines the effect of nutrient omission trials (NOTs) on wheat productivity in West shawa zone, Oromia region, with a focus on identifying yield-limiting nutrients. The experiments were conducted out over ten experimental sites. The experiment was laid out by randomized block design using farmers plot as replications per villages to determine the primary yield-limiting nutrients in wheat crop production using nutrient omission strategies and different nutrient sources. Different source of nutrients were used for the studies. Soil samples were tested to determine the initial nutrient levels, and agronomic data on growth, yield, and efficiency measures were obtained. The results show significant differences in wheat growth and production among treatments, indicating the significance of nitrogen and phosphorus in biomass and grain yield increase. The full NPKSZnB treatment consistently produced the highest yields, demonstrating the necessity of balanced nutrient management strategies specific to local agro-ecological conditions.

Global Meta-Analysis of Nitrate Leaching Vulnerability in Synthetic and Organic Fertilizers over the Past Four Decades

The significance of nitrogen in agricultural ecosystems cannot be overstated; however, it can pose a threat to the environment when it leaches into groundwater. This comprehensive meta-analysis sheds light on the complex relationship between organic and inorganic fertilizers and nitrogen leaching, encompassing 39 years of data. The results indicate that the impact of fertilizers is dependent on crop type, soil properties, and fertilization practices. Vegetables treated with synthetic fertilizers were found to have the highest levels of nitrogen leaching, while grasses exhibited the lowest. Soil texture was also determined to be a significant factor, with coarser soils leading to higher levels of leaching than medium or fine soils. The meta-analysis showed that organic sources resulted in an average of 16% higher losses of nitrate-N, but there was no significant difference between organic and synthetic N fertilizers in terms of leaching overall. These findings provide valuable insights for the responsible management of nitrogen and to further our understanding of the impact of fertilizers on nitrate pollution.

Spatial variations in and environmental significance of nitrogen forms in river sediments from two different watersheds in eastern China.

Nitrogen is considered an essential nutrient element limiting water productivity, and its distribution in sediments directly affects its release potential. This study aimed to analyse the spatial characteristics, distribution, and influence of nitrogen forms in two different river catchments situated in eastern China. Using sequential extraction methods, the study divided sediment nitrogen into four forms, namely, an ion-exchangeable form (IEF-N), weak acid-extractable form (WAEF-N), strong alkali-extractable form (SAEF-N), and strong oxidant-extractable form (SOEF-N). The results for the two catchments showed significant differences in the physicochemical properties as well as variations in space. The mean proportion of total transferable nitrogen (TTN) in the Anhe, Suihe, Dongtiaoxi, and Xitiaoxi rivers accounted for 50.64%, 32.87%, 34.63%, and 40.45%, respectively. The results also revealed a higher total TTN in the Hongze watershed than in the Tiaoxi watershed. The order of mean TTN in sediments from the Hongze watershed was SOEF-N > SAEF-N > IEF-N > WAEF-N, whereas that for the Tiaoxi watershed was SOEF-N > SAEF-N > WAEF-N > IEF-N. The distribution of nitrogen forms in the sediments was significantly impacted by the sediment composition and environmental factors, as shown by correlation and redundancy analysis (RDA).

Characteristics and significance of nitrogen, phosphorus and oxygen transportation at the sediment-water interface in east Lake Chaohu

以东巢湖近城市湖湾沉积物为研究对象，在沉积物氮、磷营养盐分析的基础上，采用沉积物柱状芯样静态释放模拟法定量评估研究区域沉积物-水界面氨氮、溶解性活性磷酸盐营养盐释放潜力，利用微电极非损伤测定技术获得沉积物-水微界面溶解氧（DO）剖面分布及微界面DO消耗和扩散特征.结果表明：东巢湖近城市湖湾沉积物氮、磷污染物蓄积量较高，受TN、TP污染程度较重.沉积物内源氨氮、磷酸盐释放明显，平均释放速率分别达到32.44 mg/（m²·d）和1.25 mg/（m²·d），区域内沉积物已成为水柱中氮、磷营养盐的污染源.研究区域上覆水体处于好氧状态，沉积物-水微界面平均DO穿透深度（OPD）达到5.3 mm，平均DO扩散通量为4.56 mmol/（m²·d），表现出良好的DO扩散能力.沉积物内源氨氮和磷酸盐释放能力与表层沉积物TN/TP物质含量及沉积物-水微界面DO穿透深度有关，在沉积物氮、磷污染较重的情况下，DO穿透深度越低越有利于氮、磷污染物从沉积物向上覆水体释放.;A comprehensive study of transportation features of nitrogen, phosphorous and dissolve oxygen at the sediment-water interface was carried out in near city areas of east Lake Chaohu. Based on the investigation of sediment nutrients analysis and nutrients release incubation experiments, the release potential and release rates of ammonia nitrogen (NH₃-N) and soluble reactive phosphorous (SRP) of different sediments were estimated. The distribution characteristics, diffusion fluxes, and consumption rates of dissolved oxygen (DO) at the sediment-water interface of different sediments were studied by using a non-invasive microelectrode analysis system. The results showed the surface sediments in the near city areas of east Lake Chaohu were in severe nitrogen and phosphorous pollution with high total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) loadings. Typical internal releases of NH₃-N and SRP were observed from all sediments with the average release rates of 32.44 mg/(m²·d) and 1.25 mg/(m²·d), respectively. The sediments play the role of pollution source rather than the sink for NH₃-N and SRP in the study area. Results also showed that all overlying water were at aerobic condition. The average oxygen penetration depth (OPD) and oxygen diffusion flux at sediment-water micro-interfaces reached 5.3 mm and 4.56 mmol/(m²·d) respectively, indicating good DO diffusion ability from the boundary layer to the sediment. The internal release intensity of NH₃-N and SRP are influenced by TN/TP contents of the surface sediment as well as the OPD at the sediment-water interface. The release of NH₃-N and SRP from sediments could be benefited from the high nitrogen and phosphorous loadings and low OPD and contribute to the eutrophication of the lake.

Significance of nitrogen, phosphorus, and boron foliar spray on jojoba plants

BackgroundJojoba plants [Simmondsia chinensis (Link) Schneider] are appropriate to the semiarid regions; it has the ability to survive in a harsh desert environment and it is very drought-resistant and can be grown on marginal lands without replacing any existing crops. After that, Jojoba is a new oil-producing industrial crop, oil-producing cash crop, and has much of the interest in worldwide in recent years. So, processes are made to increase the seed yield of jojoba as requirements of essential fertilizer and evaluation of new clones. Two field experiments were conducted on five clones (S-BS-, S-700, 610, S-L, and S-G) aged 3 and 13 years from planting at North Sinai, Egypt on sandy soil to study the effect of foliar spray with nitrogen, phosphorus, and boron with three rates of NPB (00, NPB1 (N 1%, P 0.75%, and B 0.4%) and NPB2 (N 1.5%, P1.25% and B 0.8%)) on oil and other contents of jojoba plants.ResultsResults showed that all treatments improved the vegetative growth, yield, and seed quality. Concerning oil, weight of 100 seeds and oil percent in seeds with treatment NPB2 under clone S-700 gave the highest value for all study parameters.ConclusionsTherefore, for improving yield and seed quality, it could be recommended with foliar spray NPB2 (N1.5%, P 1.25%, and B0.8%) under the condition of this study on jojoba plants.

Modulation and significance of nitrogen and sulfur metabolism in cadmium challenged plants

As a result of rapidly increasing anthropogenic activities, input of varied metal(loids) such as cadmium (Cd) to worldwide agricultural soils and its subsequent accumulation, and obvious toxicity in plants are increasing. The role of mineral nutrients in the mitigation of Cd-accrued consequences in plants has been credibly suggested. In isolated studies, two essential mineral nutrients such as nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) have been reported to minimize Cd-impacts in plants, and improve overall plant growth, metabolism and productivity under Cd-exposure. However, the information on the significance of N and S metabolism, and also on cross-talks on the coordination therein in Cd-challenged plants is lacking. Given the highlighted lacunae, in the light of recent research outcomes, the present review attempts to: (a) overview Cd in soil, and its major toxicity and mitigation avenues in plants, (b) appraise Cd-mediated modulation of N and S metabolism, (c) summarize the role of exogenously-sourced N and S for the mitigation of Cd toxicity, (d) critically discuss the significance of coordination between N and S metabolism for Cd-impact-mitigation, and finally to (e) highlight the major aspects to explore in the current context. The literature appraised herein suggests that a fine coordination among major pathways of N and S assimilation can enhance defense metabolites and enzymes that in turn can strengthen overall defense system, and efficiently mitigate Cd-impacts in plants. However, efforts are required to get more insights into the mechanism(s) of (co)regulation of sulfate and nitrate assimilation at the molecular level. Additionally, molecular approaches should be narrowed to enhance the production of thiols, and their products in plants through manipulating major enzymes involved in sulfate and nitrate assimilation in plants under Cd-challenged environment.

Improving Growth and Productivity of Oleiferous Brassicas under Changing Environment: Significance of Nitrogen and Sulphur Nutrition, and Underlying Mechanisms

Mineral nutrients are the integral part of the agricultural systems. Among important plant nutrients, nitrogen (N) and sulphur (S) are known essential elements for growth, development, and various physiological functions in plants. Oleiferous brassicas (rapeseed and mustard) require higher amounts of S in addition to N for optimum growth and yield. Therefore, balancing S-N fertilization, optimization of nutrient replenishment, minimization of nutrient losses to the environment, and the concept of coordination in action between S and N could be a significant strategy for improvement of growth and productivity of oleiferous brassicas. Additionally, positive interaction between S and N has been reported to be beneficial for various aspects of oilseed brassicas. The current paper updates readers on the significance of N and S for the improvement of plant growth, development, and productivity in detail. In addition, S-N nutrition-mediated control of major plant antioxidant defense system components involved in the removal and/or metabolism of stress-induced/generated reactive oxygen species in plants (hence, the control of plant growth, development, and productivity) has been overviewed.

Water Quality in Chronically Nutrient-Rich Lakes: The Example of the Shropshire-Cheshire Meres

The Shropshire and Cheshire meres of north-west England are characterised by high phosphorus concentrations. This review assesses the importance of phosphorus and nitrogen concentrations in determining the water and ecological quality of the meres. Palaeolimno—logical evidence indicates that the meres may be naturally eutrophic, but that phosphorus concentrations have increased in the past century. Results show that nitrogen concentrations have also increased and support the hypothesis that high concentrations of nitrogen contribute to reduced macrophyte species richness. In light of the evident significance of nitrogen, the potential role of nitrogen concentrations in driving eutrophication in the meres is discussed.

Significance of Nitrogen and Aluminum Depth Profile Control in HfAlON Gate Insulators

Aluminum and nitrogen depth-profile dependences of the electron mobility are examined. We show that the electron mobility for MOSFETs with HfAlON gate dielectrics in which nitrogen and aluminum depth profiles are controlled is strongly affected by the nitrogen profile rather than the aluminum one, although the nitrogen profile does not affect the VFB shift. These results suggest that additional scattering due to nitrogen incorporation cannot be explained by only the Coulombic components such as the fixed charges. Thus, an appropriate profile control of the nitrogen to suppress the mobility degradation is a key for obtaining high performance MOSFETs with HfAlON dielectrics.

Significance of Nitrogen and Aluminum Depth Profile Control in HfAlON Gate Insulators

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Spatial distribution of sediment particulate organic matter on two estuarine intertidal mudflats: a comparison between Marennes-Oléron Bay (France) and the Humber Estuary (UK)

A comparison based on the bulk composition of surficial sediment particulate organic matter (POM) has been carried out on mudflats representative of two large European macrotidal estuarine zones: the Marennes-Oléron Bay and the Humber Estuary. Samples were collected in early summer, at low tide, during medium spring tide. Six sites were investigated along a 2500 m cross-shore transect with 12 cores collected at each site. Elemental analyses (C, N) and proximate analyses (chloropigments, carbohydrates and lipids) were performed on the fraction <125 μm at 4 levels: 0–1, 1–3, 3–6 and 6–10 cm. The POM was largely detrital, especially in the Humber mudflat. No clear decrease with depth in sediment was recorded for particulate organic carbon, total nitrogen and lipids, which emphasized the importance of sediment reworking by bioturbation and resuspension processes. However, decreases were observed for chloropigments and carbohydrates. Spatially, the general seaward decrease in the concentration of most compounds suggested a preferential accumulation of POM in the sheltered sites close to shore. Multivariate analysis showed that the POM collected at the sediment surface is similar between Marennes-Oléron and the Humber: it is mainly fresh and labile POM, probably largely derived from microphytobenthos. By contrast, deeper layers develop a signature which depends on the wider environment of the area studied: the significance of nitrogen and carbohydrates in Marennes-Oléron samples may reflect the influence of bivalve biodeposits rich in polysaccharides, whereas the importance of carbon and lipids in Humber samples may be partly related to pollution. This study demonstrated that it was possible to discriminate between different mudflats by using elemental and proximate analyses.

Significance of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Amendments in Composting of Kallar Grass [Leptochloa fusca (L.) Kunth

Significance of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Amendments in Composting of Kallar Grass [Leptochloa fusca (L.) Kunth

Natural variability and the estimation of empirical relationships: a reassessment of regression methods

Ecologists often rely on empirically defined statistical relationships to infer how variables might be related. However, the usual method of estimating such relationships (ordinary least-squares (OLS)) is generally inappropriate because of the substantial natural variability of most ecological variables. Natural error variability in the regressor variable can artificially create a significant empirical trend where no underlying or structural relationship exists, or fail to reveal a true structural relationship. In multivariate relationships, natural variability in one variable can induce statistical significance in collinear variables even if they bear no structural relationship. We propose a simple new method, based on instrumental variables, to detect and quantify natural error variability in the regressor variables and to estimate the parameters of the structural relationship. We apply this method to two examples: (1) we show that the structural relationship between adenosine triphosphate concentration (total planktonic biomass) and chlorophyll concentration (autotrophic biomass) does not vary latitudinally in the Southern Ocean despite a significant increase in the OLS slope relating the two at more southerly stations and (2) we demonstrate that the significance of nitrogen in nutrient–chlorophyll relationships in lakes probably reflects natural variability in phosphorus concentration, and not the fertilizing effect of nitrogen.

Significance of nitrogen and argon adsorption data for following the pore structure modifications of a charcoal during activation

La dimension et la structure des pores du charbon actif sont determinees par adsorption d'azote et d'argon, et par microcalorimetrie

Further Evidence Concerning the Significance of Nitrogen in Soil Organic Matter Relationships1

Further Evidence Concerning the Significance of Nitrogen in Soil Organic Matter Relationships¹