Signal Tapping Research Articles

Prototype Development of Myoelectrics Signal-Based Exoskeleton

Diffable is incompleteness or abnormality accompanied by consequences for specific functions. The method used is tapping on the hamstring and hamstring muscles quadriceps to determine the resulting voltage—muscle signal tapping using Electromyograph (EMG) and Ag-AgCl electrodes. Average current-voltage contraction and relaxation are used as threshold values to drive the servo motor. This study indicates the tension when the muscle contracts are in the range of 4 volts while the relaxation time is 0.4 volts. Then it can be concluded that the voltage when the muscle is contracted is more significant than when it is relaxed. Using different tension during contraction and relaxation in normal subjects showed that the different tension could drive the prototype exoskeleton.

Novel timing application using microchannel plate with phosphor screen

A signal tapping circuit has been designed to derive the fast timing signal from the Chevron type, 2 stage MCP having phosphor screen as a readout device. Using this, the timing property of the MCP-BaF2 system has been studied using the digital storage oscilloscope in which a timing resolution of ~ 500 ps has been obtained. The applicability of MCP with phosphor screen configuration for timing measurements has been demonstrated.

Tele Alert System for Epileptic Seizure on a Study of EEG Signal Classification by GBE-NLSVM through ICA Preprocessed and AR Extracted Signal in a BCI System

Abstract Brain computer interface is an action of translating the brain signal into a command for activating artificial object such as limb. BCI is the collaboration of biomedical, electrical, computer, and mechanical engineering. An action potential is created in the form of electrical signal in the brain for every action of a human being, either physical or mental. The patient himself suffering from epileptic seizure poses danger severely during the absence of continuous monitoring. Taking care of epileptic patients from remote locations has become essential since the patient loses his whole control during epileptic seizure. This paper presented an epileptic tele alert system (ETAS) for a patient being monitored from out of the hospital premises. The brain signals tapped using a noninvasive electro encephalographic (EEG) electrode was given to independent component analysis (ICA) to preprocess the tapped signal. The auto regressive method (AR) was employed to extract the feature from training the brain signal for the normal and abnormal condition of the patient. The support vector machine technique named Gaussian basis function non-linear support vector machine (GBF-NLSVM) was used to classify the signal that is a vulnerable point in the cause of the epileptic seizure with respect to brain action potential for various statuses of activities. The frequency beyond the beta level was identified and the signal was transformed as a command for activating handheld devices using microcontroller via global system for mobile communication (GSM). The MATLAB, Simulink software having built in functions for studying the brain signal was used to analyze the brain signal. The proposed model discussed the signal tapping, feature extraction, classification, and activation of mobile phone using microcontroller. The proposed system incorporating ICA, AR, and GBF- NLSVM was compared with other techniques for identifying epileptic seizure and ensured that the system provided about 97 % of accuracy over the other standalone technique.

77 GHz Radar Transmitter With PLL Based on a Sub-Harmonic Gilbert Frequency Doubler

This contribution highlights the usage of a high-quality voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) at 19.25 GHz fundamental frequency with a succeeding times four frequency multiplication scheme facilitating a 77 GHz output frequency. Signal tapping at the VCO's common emitter node allows obtaining the second-order harmonic tone that drives a single Gilbert frequency doubler. Beneficial to the PLL implementation is a reduced overall prescaler ratio allowing faster frequency ramps.

Passive Optical Signal Tapping Device

Passive Optical Signal Tapping Device

Quasi-static analysis of circular signal tapping pads

In this paper, analytical expressions for the capacitance of signal tapping pads are derived using a quasistatic analysis. The theory is validated by comparing our results with those of a commercial software package. As an application-oriented example, a new lowpass filter design is proposed which combines the signal tapping pads with lumped inductors.

Coherent optical tapping using semiconductor optical amplifier

Semiconductor optical amplifiers are attractive not only as optical repeaters but also as functional devices, since carrier density modulation in amplifiers causes a nonlinear phenomenon. Utilizing the effect of the carrier density modulation on the semiconductor optical amplifier junction voltage, a coherent optical tapping is proposed for signal monitoring or control signal extraction. A 155 Mb/s FSK (frequency shift keying) signal tapping was realized with a simple configuration using heterodyne single-filter detection with -24.4 dBm sensitivity. Many applications for this coherent optical tapping are discussed, and basic characteristics for frequency-selective tapping from FDM (frequency division multiplexing) signals and optical amplifier gain control are examined. >

System applications of magnetostatic wave devices

A need for microwave signal processing components ranging from simple delay lines to broadband, complex analog non-recursive transversal filters has led to the exploration of several solid-state technologies. Bulk acoustic delay lines lack spatial signal tapping and have high insertion loss. Electromagnetic delay lines have high insertion loss, limited signal processing capabilities, and are bulky. Surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices offer excellent signal processing capabilities at VHF/UHF but suffer from excessive loss at microwave frequencies and the requirement for transducers of sub-micron linewidths. However, a signal processing technology based on magnetostatic waves (MSW) propagating on epitaxial yttrium iron garnet (YIG) is emerging to fill microwave signal processing requirements. This paper summarizes the characteristics and status of magnetostatic waves and devices based on MSW, and initial experimental studies of the application of MSW devices to systems, and presents a survey of other potential areas of MSW device applications.