Sidi Kacem Research Articles

English Reading Skills and their Influence on German Reading Proficiency: A Case Study of Moroccan Middle School Students

This study investigated the relationship between English and German reading comprehension among Moroccan middle school students. The primary objective was to examine whether proficiency in one language influenced performance in the other. A correlational design was employed, with data collected from 92 students at Ibn Rochd Middle School in Sidi Kacem. Participants completed standardized reading tests in both languages, assessing a range of comprehension skills. Correlation and regression analyses were conducted to explore the relationship between the two variables. Results indicated a lack of significant correlation between English and German reading scores, suggesting that shared alphabetic features do not necessarily translate into direct transferability of reading skills. These findings challenge the notion of automatic language transfer and emphasize the complex nature of bilingual reading development. The study highlights the need for further research to investigate factors influencing language transfer in the Moroccan context, such as instructional practices, curriculum design, and individual differences. Implications for teachers, syllabus designers, and educational stakeholders are discussed.

Patterns of diet and anemia during pregnancy in the Province of Sidi Kacem, Morocco

Patterns of diet and anemia during pregnancy in the Province of Sidi Kacem, Morocco

Evaluation of Education and Training in Good Hygiene Practices among Health Professionals: A Cross-Sectional Study in Moroccan Hospitals

The education and continued training of healthcare professionals in good hygiene practices (GHP) is a key element in the fight against the risk of infection in public hospitals. The aim of this study is to evaluate the education and training of healthcare workers in GHP. Method: A cross-sectional study was carried out at the Sidi Kacem provincial hospital center using a questionnaire validated by Cronbach's Alpha test with a score of 0.786 to collect a maximum of information. The Chi-square test was used to compare and correlate categorical variables. Any p-value less than 0.05 is considered statistically significant. Results: our study concerned 126 healthcare professionals, 84.1% of the professionals questioned showed that they had not received continuous training on hand washing, 96% of the professionals questioned expressed their need to receive training on wearing and changing gloves, 61.9% stated that they had not received training on the prevention of nosocomial infections. Females were more likely to wash their hands than males, with a significant p-value of p= 0.011. In terms of seniority, we found that care workers with more than 10 years' experience were more respectful of this washing than the other categories, with a p-value of p=0.024. Our results show that there is a huge lack of continuous training on GHP, which affects the quality of care at hospital level.
 
 Received: 16 August 2023 / Accepted: 27 September 2023 / Published: 5 November 2023

First serological evidence of H9 low pathogenic avian influenza virus exposure among rural population in Sidi Kacem province in Morocco: a cross-sectional study

First serological evidence of H9 low pathogenic avian influenza virus exposure among rural population in Sidi Kacem province in Morocco: a cross-sectional study

Correlational relationship between Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior among Moroccan High School Students

Objective: Non-communicable diseases are the leading causes of death worldwide. These risk factors are closely related to physical activity and sedentary behaviors. Therefore, this study aims to determine the prevalence of physical inactivity and sedentary behaviors and their association among Moroccan high school students aged 15 to 20 years. Materials: A sample of 180 students (80 boys and 100 girls), enrolled in high schools in 2019 academic year in the Province of Sidi Kacem, were randomly recruited. A validated self-reported questionnaire was used to assess levels of physical activity and sedentary behaviors among participants. Results: According to the results obtained, 74.2% of boys and 46.9% of girls were physically active. 45.5% of girls and 20% of boys spent more than 2 hours watching television, and 57.3% of girls and 48.5% of boys used sedentary means for more than two hours per day. There were statistically significant negative correlation between levels of physical activity and sedentary behaviors. Conclusion: A large part of the population has a sedentary lifestyle. This lack of physical activity and high prevalence of sedentary behaviors could have a direct impact on health. Additional physical activity and sports sessions are necessary and strongly recommended.

Ethnobotanical Study of Plants Used for the Treatment of Urolithiasis in Morocco

Urolithiasis (UL) is a frequent pathology which affects between 5 and 20% of the population according to the countries and areas. The aim of this study was to determine the medicinal plants used traditionally by patients with UL in the Kenitra and Sidi Kacem cities (Morocco). From January 2012 to February 2015, 50 herbalists and 166 patients with urolithiasis who live in the area under study were interviewed by using structured questionnaire. The following data were recorded: name of the patients or herbalists with their age, sex name of the plant (s) (vernacular name), parts used mode of preparation and administration. A total of 42 plant species belonging to 24 families, mostly from the Apiaceae (16.66%) Lamiaceae (11.9%) were used to treat the UL in the area. All the plants were prepared by decoction which are taken orally for a period of one week. Herniaria hirsuta (Hh) and Ziziphus lotus (Zl) were repeatedly mentioned by the patients and herbalists as most used for the management of UL in this area. It’s concluded that the traditional remedies are the first line to treat the UL in this area. Hh and Zl were the most commonly used plants in this treatment which a study of antiurolithiatic characteristics seem to be necessary to evaluate its use in therapy.

Seroprevalence of human brucellosis in Morocco and associated risk factors.

Brucellosis is a prevalent infectious zoonotic disease that affects humans, livestock, and wildlife in many parts of the world. A cross-sectional study was conducted to estimate the seroprevalence and risk factors of brucellosis among farmers and patients attending six health centers in Sidi Kacem province (northwestern Morocco). Blood samples (3-5 mL) were collected. Among 1283 participants, 351 were males and 932 were females and tested for Brucella antibodies using rose Bengal plate test and immunoglobulin (Ig)M/IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for confirmation. The seroprevalence of brucellosis was 33.20% (426/1283) with a higher risk among males and rural residents. The univariable analysis revealed that contacting cattle, handling abortion products and manure, and consuming undercooked beef and goat meat were all risk factors for brucellosis. Furthermore, raw milk and milk derivatives were risk factors strongly linked to brucellosis. Our findings indicate a high prevalence of brucellosis associated with the consumption of raw meat, raw dairy products, milk, and close contact with infected animals. However, there are some limitations to this study, such as we did not use the ELISA test on all sera collected and individuals under the age of 18 were not included in the study. Moreover, building a database on the occurrence of brucellosis and associated epidemiological factors is critical for providing informed advice to policymakers to improve control strategies against this disease in Morocco.

Microbiological Analysis of Indoor Air in the Provincial Hospital of Sidi Kacem, Morocco

Background: The air environment of the hospital is often contaminated by pathogenic microorganisms of various origins, which constitute a risk of infection for hospitalized patients, health staff and visitors. Microbiological control of the hospital wards is an essential element in the prevention of these infections, it allows a bacterial diagnosis of the area in order to carry out preventive and corrective actions.Objective: The aim of this study is to reduce the rate of nosocomial infections, through the diagnosis of bacteria present in the services area of the provincial hospital of sidi kacem in the region of Rabat-Salé-Kénitra Morocco.Methods: 14 samples of the area were collected from different sites on the hospital wards, using the sedimentation technique, by exposing Petri plates containing nutrient agar, in a 1m2 area for 30 minutes. The plates were incubated in a temperature of 37 ± 1 °C for 48 hours. The isolates were identified by the classical biochemical gallery and API (Biomerieux, France).Results: A total of eight (08) bacterial species were isolated from the air with a predominance of coagulase-negative staphylococci (36%), Bacillus sp (25%), staphylococcus aureus (20%) and E. coli (8%) followed. One (1) sample was a negative culture with a positivity rate of 93%. The distribution of isolated bacteria by department shows a predominance of bacterial strains in the intensive care unit (24%) and the emergency department (19%).Conclusion: These surprising results demonstrated the importance to implement a periodic monitoring of the hospital area, and a global policy for the prevention of nosocomial infections including an air treatment protocol.

Analysis of Physico-Chemical and Bacteriological Parameters of Liquid Effluents from the Provincial Hospital Center in Sidi Kacem Morocco

Background: The effluents generated by the hospital activities and which are rejected into themunicipal sewerage system without any prior treatment, present a chemical, biological and physicalrisk for public and environmental health. They cause a degradation of the aquatic ecosystem, and favorthe propagation of antibiotic resistant germs. Objective: The aim of this study is to carry out physicochemicaland bacteriological analysis of the effluents of the provincial hospital of Sidi Kacem in Rabat-Salé-Kénitra region, Morocco, in order to evaluate the degree of wastewater pollution and to reduce itsenvironmental impact.Methods: 24 samples of wastewater were collected from the Hospital’s main sewer according toMoroccan Norm NM 03.7.059 and transported to the Provincial Laboratory of Epidemiology andEnvironmental Health (LPEHM) for analysis. These analyses were conducted according to therequirements and methods recommended by Rodier 1996 and 2009.Results: The results of the bacteriological analysis showed a very high bacterial load of fecal coliforms(36,7.104 CFU/100 ml), total coliforms (40.104 CFU/100 ml), and fecal streptococci (21.104 CFU/100ml). The physicochemical parameters revealed a significant load of organic and mineral matter expressedin terms of nitrates (41,59 mg/l), nitrites (0,53 mg/l), sulphates (222,75 mg/l), ammonia (1,95 mg/l),electrical conductivity (3202 μs/cm), hydrogen potential PH (7.82), all of which are well above theupper limit stipulated by the regulations. The COD/BOD5 ratio (7.66) higher than 3 means that theseeffluents are hardly biodegradable.Conclusion: These results show that hospital effluent is loaded with mineral, organic and bacteriologicalpollutants and requires

Microbiological Study of Surfaces in the Hospital Environment Case of the Provincial Hospital of Sidi Kacem, Morocco

Background: The hospital environment is largely colonized by pathogenic microorganisms. this contamination varies qualitatively and quantitatively according to the services and the capacity of the microorganisms to survive in inert environments, the elimination of these microorganisms requires a well formed staff and well detailed protocols which meet the international requirements. The microbiological monitoring of the hospital surfaces is a key factor to prevent nosocomial infections, it allows us to elaborate a diagnosis of the microbial ecology in order to lead preventive and corrective actions. Objective: The aim of our study is to identify the present bacteria on the surfaces of the provincial hospital of Sidi Kacem in Rabat-Salé-Kénitra region, Morocco, in order to reduce the rate of nosocomial infections.Methods: 167 samples were taken from different sites in the hospital wards, using the swabbing technique, according to ISO/DIS 14698-1, the identification of the isolated germs has been realized by the classical biochemical gallery and the API (Biomerieux, France).Results: A total of ten (10) bacterial species were isolated with a predominance of Bacillus sp (27%) and coagulase-negative staphylococci (29%), Staphylococcus aureus (18%), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (13%) followed. Thirteen (13) samples were a negative culture with a positivity rate of 92%. The distribution of isolated strains by department shows a predominance of bacterial strains in the intensive care unit (19%) and the emergency department (17%).Conclusion: These results show the importance of developing a risk management approach based on cleaning and disinfection protocols and procedures, as well as training and awareness programmers.

Comparative Study of Insect Biodiversity in Cultivated and Natural Steppes in the Region of Sidi Kacem of Northwest Morocco

a peer-reviewed, open access online international journal which publishes original research papers. The journal welcomes submission from scholars and experts for possible publication from all over the world. The scope of the journal includes: Pharmaceutical research, chemistry and biochemistry of naturally occurring compounds, biological evaluation of crude extracts, ethnomedicine, traditional and complementary medicine, ethnopharmacology, biomedical research, Biotechnology, Evaluation of natural substances of land and sea and of plants, microbes and animals, pharmacognosy, bioavailability, clinical, pharmacological, toxicological studies and pharmacokinetics of phytochemicals, Isolation and characterization of compounds, structure elucidation, synthesis and experimental biosynthesis of natural Product as well as developments of methods in these areas are welcomed in the journal.

163P Epidemiological profile of breast cancer in Morocco: First results from the Reference Center for Reproductive Health in Kenitra

Since the implementation of the Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program in late 2012 in the former region of Gharb-Chrarda-Béni Hssen, a marked improvement has been observed in terms of breast cancer screening and diagnosis. The aim of this study is to describe the epidemiological profile of breast cancer in this region in Morocco. This is a descriptive retrospective study of women screened for breast cancer in public and private health establishments in Kenitra, Sidi Kacem and Sidi Slimane, referred for investigation at the Reference Center for Reproductive Health in Kenitra (RCRHK) between January 1, 2013 and December 31, 2018. During the period 2013-2018, 973 new cases of breast cancer were diagnosed in women at the RCRHK, of which 62% were aged between 40 and 59 years. The average age at diagnosis of breast cancer was 51.15 ± 12 years. According to the results, 67% came from Kenitra and 65% lived in urban areas. Almost two-thirds (66%) of women were married. According to the data recorded, 55% benefited from the Medical Assistance Scheme (RAMED) and 22% had no social security coverage. The average age at first pregnancy was 24 ± 6.9 years, with an average of 4.32 pregnancies and 3.76 live births per woman. More than half (55%) of the women were postmenopausal and 54% used hormonal contraception. Nearly 7% of women had a personal history and 13% had a family history of breast disease. Invasive breast carcinoma was the most common histological type of breast cancer, with 88% of cases. According to the results, unilateral breast cancer was more frequent in the left breast than in the right. It should be noted that 67% of the lesions were classified as BI-RADS 5. The epidemiological surveillance of breast cancer will contribute to the revision, or consolidation of strategic axes of the National Breast Cancer Early Detection Program, in order to reduce morbidity and mortality due to cancer, and provide optimal care for cancer patients.

Association between Physical Activity and Cognitive Function among the Elderly in the Health and Social Centers in Kenitra, Rabat, and Sidi Kacem City (Morocco).

Objective:The aim of this study was to determine the link between the physical activity (PA) and cognitive function among the elderly in the health and social centers in Kenitra, Rabat, and Sidi Kacem city (Morocco).Materials and methods:This study was conducted among 172 elderly (56.4% men) aged above 60 years (67.53 ± 7.53) in the health and social centers in Kenitra, Rabat, and Sidi Kacem city (Morocco). Cognitive functions were assessed by the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) (Normal: MMSE’s score >24 and cognitive impairment (CI): MMSE’s score ⩽ 24). The physical activity (PA) was evaluated using the GPAQ (Global Physical Activity Questionnaire), ranking the elderly by high, moderate, and limited level of PA. The binary logistic regression was performed by the cognitive function (dependent variable), and PA level (independent variable).Results:The elderly people with cognitive impairment (MMSE score <24 tend to practice less walking and cycling activities (P = .005). However no difference was found between normal and cognitively impaired subjects for all other subtypes of PA (P > .05). The binary logistic regression adjusted for gender, education, profession, pension, depression, and nutritional status reveled that only the moderate level of PA was a protective factor against cognitive impairment compared to limited level (ORa = 0.136, 95% CI: 0.04-0.41) (ORa: Adjusted Odd Ratio; 95% CI: 95% of Confidence Interval).Conclusion:Our finding demonstrates that moderate PA specially walking or cycling is associated with lower risk of cognitive impairment. This indicates that a regular practice of walking or cycling as PA can play an important role for cognitive impairment prevention. And the necessity for further researches to more understands this association.

Evaluation of integrated control of three dog transmitted zoonoses: Rabies, visceral leishmaniasis and cystic echinococcosis, in Morocco

The present study is a component of a major European research project, ICONZ (Integrated Control of Neglected Zoonoses). The objective of this component was to implement, and then evaluate an Integrated Control Intervention (ICI) against three dog transmitted zoonoses, namely rabies, visceral leishmaniasis, and cystic echinococcosis. This was undertaken in Sidi Kacem Province (northwestern Morocco) where 22 control and 22 treated douars (villages) were randomly allocated to two control and one evaluation interventions over a period of 13 months. Across the 44 douars, an overall total of 6922 dogs were registered, 4519 were vaccinated against rabies, and 2885 persons attended the complementary health education campaigns; whereas, within the 22 treated douars, 466 dogs received anti-sandfly collars (deltamethrin-impregnated) and 2487 were dewormed (praziquantel). Evaluation of the ICI, revealed that (i) a canine rabies vaccination coverage of 65.0% was achieved, (ii) the use of deltamethrin-impregnated collars for dogs provided highly significant protection (p = 0.01) against leishmaniasis infection of more than 44%, and up to 100% for dogs that had kept the collar until the end of the intervention, (iii) despite a non-significant difference (p>0.05), dog-deworming with praziquantel yielded a reduction in the rate of Echinococcus granulosus infection, and (iv) health education was successful in improving respondents’ knowledge; However, the target communities remained unconvinced of the necessity of changing some of their risky behaviours. Lastly, the estimated total cost of the global intervention, including its research components, was US$ 143,050, of which 67% was for disease control work with clear evidence of significant economies of scale due to targeting three diseases together. It appears from this study that the integrated control approach against the three zoonoses was effective on both economic and logistical levels.

Treatment of clay soils with steel slag, in road engineering

The road construction sector draws large quantities of materials every day to meet the needs of infrastructure networks. The main aim of the link between different regions is to facilitate the transport and connection of these agglomerations. With such a pace, a shortage of these materials is worsening by the day, causing an imbalance in our “ecosystem” on the way. All these factors and many others have raised the alarm among managers in the construction industry. Environmental organizations have since been constantly seeking palliative solutions to this global scourge. In addition, several industries generate a large amount of waste annually, in some cases recoverable while respecting certain technical and environmental criteria. It is in this environmental approach, embracing a philosophy of circular economy that multiple co-products (Slag, Fly Ash, Phosphogypsum, Silica Fume…etc.) have been tested and numerous studies have demonstrated their ability to be used as a substitute for natural resources. In this respect, the following article will focus, through studies conducted in public laboratory, on various mixtures of the "soil-slag" couple to assess their possible use in road engineering. First, an identification of the materials (soil from the Sidi Kacem region and slags from a steel industry) to be adopted in our analysis will be carried out, then we will proceed to Proctor/CBR tests on soil-slag mixtures, defined in advance in order to decide on the possibility of developing them in road engineering and thereby reduce the quantities in contribution of noble materials.

Association between Malnutrition and Cognitive Impairment among Morocco’s Older Adults

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the association between the malnutrition and risk of cognitive impairment among Morocco older adults. Materials and methods: A sample of 237 older adults aged above 60 years were recruited from three nursing homes belonging to three different cities, Rabat, Kenitra and Sidi Kacem City and from one health center in Sidi Kacem City. From them, 172 subjects (56.4% men) were included in our study for their completion. Cognitive functions were assessed by the Mini-Mental State Examination. Nutritional status, depression and physical activity were assessed using respectively: MNA, GDS-15 and GPAQ. The binary logistic regression was performed where the cognitive function was taking as the dependent variable and all other outcomes as independent variables. Results: Our results showed that 69.8% of total simple were classed as having cognitive impairment while only 30.2% were normal. The binary logistic regression assessed showed that the malnutrition (OR = 3.03, 95% CI: 1.34 - 6.85), gender (OR = 2.22, 95% CI: 1.03 - 5.71) and low education (OR = 8.35, 95% CI: 1.32 - 52.83) were risk factors for cognitive impairment, when moderate level of physical activity (OR = 0.19, 95% CI: 0.06 - 0.54) was a protective factor compared to the limited level. Conclusions: Our study supported past literature that malnutrition and low level of physical activity were risk factors of cognitive impairment. These indicate that nutritional status monitoring and the practice of regular physical activities can prevent it from leading to Alzheimer’s disease.

The prevalence of brucellosis and bovine tuberculosis in ruminants in Sidi Kacem Province, Morocco.

Bovine tuberculosis (BTB) and brucellosis are major endemic zoonoses in ruminants in Morocco that impact on both animal and human health. This study presents an assessment of the epidemiological and socioeconomic burden of bacterial zoonoses in Sidi Kacem Province in Northern Morocco from a cross-sectional survey of 125 cattle and/or small ruminant-owning households. In total, 1082 sheep and goats were examined from 81 households. The single intradermal comparative cervical test to screen for bovine tuberculosis was undertaken on 1194 cattle from 123 households and all cattle were blood sampled. Cattle and small ruminant sera were tested for brucellosis using the standard Rose Bengal Test (sRBT) and the modified Rose Bengal Test (mRBT). Bacteriology was performed on 21 milk samples obtained from cattle that were seropositive for brucellosis for isolation and phenotyping of circulating Brucella strains. Individual and herd prevalence for BTB in cattle of 20.4% (95% CI 18%-23%) and 57.7% (95% CI 48%-66%), respectively, were observed in this study. The prevalence of brucellosis in cattle at individual and herd level was 1.9% (95% CI 1.2%-2.8%) and 9% (95% CI 4.5%-1.5%), respectively. Brucella pathogens were isolated from three cattle milk samples and were identified as B. abortus using Bruceladder® multiplex PCR and B. abortus biovar 1 by classical phenotyping. All small ruminants were seronegative to sRBT, two were positive to mRBT. A higher risk of BTB and brucellosis was observed in cattle in intensive livestock systems, in imported and crossed breeds and in animals from larger herds (>15). The three risk factors were usually present in the same herds, leading to higher transmission risk and persistence of both zoonoses. These results highlight the importance of implementing control strategies for both BTB and brucellosis to reduce productivity losses and the risk of transmission to humans. Prioritising control for BTB and brucellosis in intensive livestock production systems is essential for human and animal health.

Epidemiology of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Sidi Kacem Province, Northwestern Morocco (2006–2014)

ObjectiveTo describe the epidemiological profile of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in Sidi Kacem Province, North-Western Morocco between 2006 and 2014. MethodsThe Leishmania parasite (amastigotes) was identified by direct microscopic identification after staining. May-Grünwald Giemsa was the method used to diagnose CL in Sidi Kacem Province between 2006 and 2014. The collected data were exploited by using Microsoft Office Excel 2010 and the geographical distribution was prepared by the Geographical Information System ArcGIS Version 10.2. ResultsFrom 2006 to 2014, 415 cases of CL were reported in Sidi Kacem area. The incidence of this skin disease that had affected all age groups was 49.1 cases per year and the sex ratio (M/F) was 0.85. Children aged 15 to 19 represented the most affected class with more than 28.2% of the study population. Also, CL affected virtually the rural and urban areas but with an uneven incidence. It is more important in rural areas where they were registered 56.85% of cases against 43.15% in urban areas. ConclusionsThe retrospective analysis has showed that cutaneous leishmaniasis is still major public health problem in Sidi Kacem Province. Indeed, this disease which presented an evolution according hyperendemic fashion can become endemic to the future in this province which borders the endemic area of Ouazzane. We highlight the cutaneous leishmaniasis incidence through the Sidi Kasem area during the last 8 years (2006–2014).

Cutaneous leishmaniasis in Ouazzane and Sidi Kacem provinces, Morocco (1997-2012).

Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a major public health problem in Morocco. Three distinct parasites are involved; Leishmania tropica, Leishmania major and Leishmania infantum. The objective of this study is to investigate the epidemiological and the clinical features of endemic foci of CL in Sidi Kacem and Ouazzane provinces in the north of Morocco including molecular identification of parasites. We studied the evolution and the distribution of 1,656 CL cases coming from 39 sectors in these provinces between 1997 and 2012. The causative agents of CL in these areas were identified by using the ITS1-PCR-RFLP method. A tendency of seasonality in incidence was observed, showing a peak in April. Most infected patients were from Ouazzane province. The patients' ages ranged from 6 months to 85 years; 54% of them were females. The highest rate lesions were found in the age group of 9 years or less and most lesions were localized in the face (79.6%). The movement of populations from neighboring endemic areas and establishment of habitation in areas where housing conditions are unfavorable favored the emergence of the disease.

Les Teneurs Métalliques Et Paramètres Physico- Chimiques De L’eau Et Du Sédiment De Oued Beht, Au Niveau De Sidi Kacem Et De Oued R’dom Au Niveau De Sidi Slimane

In the present study we evaluated the physicochemical characteristics and the degree of the metallic contamination, in spring and summer, of the areas exposed to discharges of urban and industrial waste water: Sidi Slimane which rejects its waste in Oued Beht, and Sidi Kacem, which rejects its waste on Oued R'dom. The two water courses are tributaries of Oued Sebou, the most polluted river in Morocco. For physico-chemistry, the results showed that for both areas exposed to waste, the pH is alkaline, the temperature is between 20 ° C to 26 ° C depending on the season, the average conductivity is very high, dissolved oxygen levels are low especially in summer, BOD5 and BCO show that the fraction of non-biodegradable waste is no negligible, the water hardness is not very high but it is more calcium than magnesium, an average level of alkalinity, an average level of orthophosphate, sulfates and nitrogenous substances. Similarly, the results showed that in areas exposed to discharges of the two cities, the metal contamination of the sediment is higher than that of water contamination although this remains nearly an average degree of contamination in these two compartments of the biotope. Furthermore, in the study areas, Oued R'dom showed a slightly higher assimilative capacity than Oued Beht except for Aluminium and Chrome. Also note that, for the same area of study, the factor "Season" influences the physico-chemical and the values of metallic chemical elements of the water and sediment.