Side-lying Hip Abduction Exercise Research Articles

Is it appropriate to use external loads during side-lying hip abduction exercise for weakened gluteus medius?

Side-lying hip abduction exercise could be beneficial to improve the neuromuscular control of the hip abductor; however, there has been limited information available to determine the exercise load during the exercise. This study aimed to demonstrate the effects of using external loads on the hip abductor muscles during side-lying hip abduction exercises in females with gluteus medius (GM) weakness. This study enrolled 24 females with weakness in the GM. Electromyographic (EMG) data of the quadratus lumborum (QL) and GM muscles were recorded during the exercise under three load conditions: no-load, external load-1 (3% of body weight), and external load-2 (5% of body weight). During the exercise, the EMG activities of the QL were significantly different under all three conditions (p< 0.05), with greater activity observed in the external load-2 condition (92.05 ± 65.93% maximal voluntary isometric contraction [MVIC]) as compared to the others, and in the external load-1 condition (82.47 ± 57.36% MVIC) as compared to the no-load condition (48.94 ± 45.09% MVIC). Furthermore, the GM/QL ratios showed significant differences between no-load (1.78 ± 1.47) and external load-1 conditions (0.93 ± 0.60), and between no-load and external load-2 (0.85 ± 0.45) conditions (p< 0.05). These findings suggest that greater load could be a factor to increase the QL activity during the exercise in females with weakened GM.

Effects of Log-Rolling Position on Hip-Abductor Muscle Activation During Side-Lying Hip-Abduction Exercise in Participants With Gluteus Medius Weakness.

Weakness of the gluteus medius and gluteus maximus is associated with a variety of musculoskeletal disorders. However, activation of synergistic muscles that are not targeted should be considered when prescribing side-lying hip-abduction (SHA) exercises. Log-rolling positions may affect hip-abductor activity during SHA. To determine the effects of log-rolling positions on gluteus medius, gluteus maximus, and tensor fasciae latae activity during SHA in participants with gluteus medius weakness. Controlled laboratory study. University research laboratory. Twenty-one participants with gluteus medius weakness. Three types of SHA were performed: frontal-plane SHA in neutral position (SHA-neutral), frontal-plane SHA in anterior log-rolling position (SHA-anterior rolling), and frontal-plane SHA in posterior log-rolling position (SHA-posterior rolling). Surface electromyography was used to measure hip-abductor activity. One-way repeated-measures analysis of variance was calculated to assess the statistical significance of the muscle activity. The SHA-anterior rolling showed greater gluteus medius and gluteus maximus activation than the SHA-neutral (P = .003 and P < .001, respectively) and SHA-posterior rolling (P < .001 and P < .001, respectively). The SHA-neutral demonstrated greater gluteus medius and gluteus maximus activation than the SHA-posterior rolling (P < .001 and P = .001, respectively). The SHA-anterior rolling produced less tensor fasciae latae activation than the SHA-neutral (P < .001) and SHA-posterior rolling (P < .001). The SHA-neutral showed less tensor fasciae latae activation than the SHA-posterior rolling (P < .001). The SHA-anterior rolling may be an effective exercise for increasing activation of the gluteus medius and gluteus maximus while decreasing activation of the tensor fasciae latae in participants with gluteus medius weakness.

Change in Pelvic Motion Caused by Visual Biofeedback Influences Trunk and Hip Muscle Activities During Side-Lying Hip Abduction in Asymptomatic Individuals

Background: Ipsilateral pelvic elevation has been reported as a common compensatory movement during side-lying hip abduction. It has been reported that pelvic elevation inhibits sufficient contraction of gluteus medius. However, few studies have identified the effects of controlled pelvic elevation on the trunk and hip muscles. Objective: To examine the effects of controlled pelvic elevation using visual biofeedback on the muscle activity of the trunk and hip muscles. Design: Crossover study. Methods: Twelve healthy males performed side-lying hip abduction exercises with and without visual biofeedback for pelvic elevation. Electromyography (EMG) activities of the gluteus medius, quadratus lumborum, and multifidus were analyzed using a wireless EMG system while the ipsilateral pelvic elevation angle was measured using a motion sensor during side-lying hip abduction exercises. Results: EMG activities of the gluteus medius (p = .002), quadratus lumborum (p = .022), and multifidus (p = .020) were significantly increased and ipsilateral pelvic elevation was significantly decreased (p = .001) during side-lying hip abduction with visual biofeedback compared to without visual biofeedback. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that the application of biofeedback for pelvic motion could improve the trunk and hip muscle activation pattern and decrease compensatory pelvic motion during side-lying hip abduction exercise.

Effect of Trunk Log Rolling During Side-Lying Hip Abduction Exercise on Hip Muscles Activity

To examine the effect of the trunk log rolling during side-lying hip abduction exercise (SHA) on gluteus medius (GMD), gluteus maximus (GMX), tensor fasciae latae (TFL) activity in participants with gluteus medius weakness.

Sequential Changes in Activity of Hip Abductor Muscles after Side-lying Hip Abduction Exercise with Different Directions using Muscle Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Sequential Changes in Activity of Hip Abductor Muscles after Side-lying Hip Abduction Exercise with Different Directions using Muscle Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Sequential Changes in Activity of Hip Abductor Muscles after Side-lying Hip Abduction Exercise with Different Directions using Muscle Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Sequential Changes in Activity of Hip Abductor Muscles after Side-lying Hip Abduction Exercise with Different Directions using Muscle Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Effects of real-time visual biofeedback of pelvic movement on electromyographic activity of hip muscles and lateral pelvic tilt during unilateral weight-bearing and side-lying hip abduction exercises

Although neutral pelvic alignment is important for hip abduction exercises, studies exploring objectively monitored pelvic alignment on the gluteus medius (Gmed) muscle activity during hip abduction exercises, especially under weight-bearing (WB) conditions, are limited. Therefore, we examined the effects of real-time visual biofeedback (RVBF) of pelvic movement on electromyographic (EMG) activity of hip muscles and lateral pelvic tilt during unilateral WB and side-lying hip abductions. Fifteen male participants performed unilateral WB and side-lying hip abduction exercises with and without RVBF. Under the RVBF condition, participants monitored pelvic movements in real time during hip abduction exercises. EMG activity of Gmed and quadratus lumborum (QL) as well as lateral pelvic tilt angle were recorded during each hip abduction exercise. Gmed EMG activity increased, while lateral pelvic tilt decreased during both hip abduction exercises with RVBF (p < 0.05). Additionally, the changes in Gmed activity, the Gmed/QL activity ratio, and the lateral pelvic tilt angle under RVBF were greater during unilateral WB hip abduction than during side-lying hip abduction (p < 0.05). These results suggest that RVBF of pelvic movement could be useful to strengthen Gmed and prevent compensatory lateral pelvic movement during hip abduction exercises, especially in the unilateral WB position.

COMPARISOM BETWEEN THE DIFFERENT HIP ROTATION POSITIONS ON HIP ABDUCTION EXERCISE

Background: The Gluteus Medius (GM) muscle is strongly involved in the control of hip joint stability and is active when postural stability is challenged in the medio-lateral direction. Alterations in activation patterns of these muscles have been documented for patients suffering from low back pain, knee, and ankle injuries. Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of different hip rotation angles on myoelectrical activity of the three parts of the GM muscle during hip abduction exercise from side lying position in normal subjects with different angles of hip flexion. Design: A (3 tests×1 group) post experimental design was used.. Setting: The study was conducted in laboratory of biomechanics , Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University. Population: Thirty pain free volunteers From out clinic of Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, their age ranged from 19 to 28 years old. Methods: A single session, repeated-measures design. The activity of each GM part (anterior, middle, and posterior) was measured in 30 pain free volunteers, their age ranged from 19 to 28 years old, using surface electromyography during three rotation movements ( neutral, 30o internal, and 45o external rotation) of the hip joint with different hip flexion angles(0o,45o, and 90o) from side lying hip abduction exercise. Muscle activation was expressed relative to Maximum Voluntary Isometric Contraction (MVIC). Differences in muscle activation were investigated using one-way repeated measures ANOVA with post-hoc Bonferroni analysis. Results: At neutral and 90o hip flexion, The activations of GM and its parts during the exercises were significantly different (p 0.01). Conclusion: The highest EMG amplitude of the muscle and its parts was when the hip flexed 90o and internally rotated during abduction. The posterior part is more active than the middle and the anterior parts in a relation to MVIC. There were significant differences between the different rotation movements of the gluteus medius muscle and its parts during abduction when the hip was in 90o and neutral hip flexion. Clinical rehabilitation impact: According to the results, the most proper position for strengthening the GM muscle and its parts was from 90o hip flexion with medial hip rotation and it should be used in progression of the rehabilitation program. The movements with less amplitudes are used at the beginning of the rehabilitation program of the GM muscle and the movements of the high amplitudes are used to progress the rehabilitation

Effect of hip abduction exercise with manual pelvic fixation on recruitment of deep trunk muscles.

The aim of this study was to determine whether side-lying hip abduction exercise while applying manual pelvic fixation is more effective than hip abduction without manual pelvic fixation for promoting deep trunk muscle activity. This is a cross-sectional study comparing deep trunk muscle activation between hip abduction exercise without and with manual pelvic fixation in ten participants. Muscle activation was measured using fine-wire and surface electromyography. Hip abduction with manual pelvic fixation was found to result in significantly more recruitment of all studied deep trunk muscles except the ipsilateral obliquus externus compared with hip abduction without manual pelvic fixation (P < 0.05). The greatest increased activation was seen in the ipsilateral deep and superficial multifidus. The increase in deep multifidus percentage of maximal voluntary contraction was greater than that of the rectus abdominis, the obliquus externus, the transversuus abdominis/obliquus internus, the lumbar erector spinae, the superficial multifidus, and the gluteus medius (P < 0.05). The superficial multifidus percentage of maximal voluntary contraction was significantly increased over that of the rectus abdominis and the obliquus externus (P < 0.05). Moderate correlation between deep and superficial multifidus activation was found (Pearson correlation coefficient, 0.537). Hip abduction training in the side-lying position while applying manual pelvic fixation seems to be more effective for recruiting deep trunk muscles for dynamic lumbar spinal stabilization.

Hip-abduction torque and muscle activation in people with low back pain.

Individuals with a history of low back pain (LBP) may present with decreased hip-abduction strength and increased trunk or gluteus maximus (GMax) fatigability. However, the effect of hip-abduction exercise on hip-muscle function has not been previously reported. To compare hip-abduction torque and muscle activation of the hip, thigh, and trunk between individuals with and without a history of LBP during repeated bouts of side-lying hip-abduction exercise. Repeated measures. Clinical laboratory. 12 individuals with a history of LBP and 12 controls. Repeated 30-s hip-abduction contractions. Hip-abduction torque, normalized root-mean-squared (RMS) muscle activation, percent RMS muscle activation, and forward general linear regression. Hip-abduction torque reduced in all participants as a result of exercise (1.57 ± 0.36 Nm/kg, 1.12 ± 0.36 Nm/kg; P < .001), but there were no group differences (F = 0.129, P = .723) or group-by-time interactions (F = 1.098, P = .358). All participants had increased GMax activation during the first bout of exercise (0.96 ± 1.00, 1.18 ± 1.03; P = .038). Individuals with a history of LBP had significantly greater GMax activation at multiple points during repeated exercise (P < .05) and a significantly lower percent of muscle activation for the GMax (P = .050) at the start of the third bout of exercise and for the biceps femoris (P = .039) at the end of exercise. The gluteal muscles best predicted hip-abduction torque in controls, while no consistent muscles were identified for individuals with a history of LBP. Hip-abduction torque decreased in all individuals after hip-abduction exercise, although individuals with a history of LBP had increased GMax activation during exercise. Gluteal muscle activity explained hip-abduction torque in healthy individuals but not in those with a history of LBP. Alterations in hip-muscle function may exist in individuals with a history of LBP.

Different hip rotations influence hip abductor muscles activity during isometric side-lying hip abduction in subjects with gluteus medius weakness

The purpose of this study was to establish the effects of different hip rotations during isometric side-lying hip abduction (SHA) in subjects with gluteus medius (Gmed) weakness by investigating the electromyographic (EMG) amplitude of the Gmed, tensor fasciae latae (TFL) activity, and gluteus maximus (Gmax), and the activity ratio of the Gmed/TFL, Gmax/TFL, and Gmed/Gmax. Nineteen subjects with Gmed weakness were recruited for this study. Subjects performed three isometric hip abductions: frontal SHA with neutral hips (SHA-N), frontal SHA with hip medial rotation (SHA-MR), and frontal SHA with hip lateral rotation (SHA-LR). Surface EMG amplitude was measured to collect the EMG data from the Gmed, TFL, and Gmax. A one-way repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to determine the statistical significance of the Gmed, TFL, and Gmax EMG activity and the Gmed/TFL, Gmax/TFL, and Gmed/Gmax EMG activity ratios. Gmed EMG activity was significantly greater in SHA-MR than in SHA-N. TFL EMG activity was significantly greater in SHA-LR than in SHA-N. The Gmed/TFL and Gmed/Gmax EMG activity ratios were also significantly greater in SHA-MR than in SHA-N or SHA-LR. The results of this study suggest that SHA-MR can be used as an effective method to increase Gmed activation and to decrease TFL activity during SHA exercises.

Effects of Different Hip Rotations on Gluteus Medius and Tensor Fasciae Latae Muscle Activity During Isometric Side-Lying Hip Abduction

Gluteus medius (Gmed) weakness is associated with some lower-extremity injuries. People with Gmed weakness might compensate by activating the tensor fasciae latae (TFL). Different hip rotations in the transverse plane may affect Gmed and TFL muscle activity during isometric side-lying hip abduction (SHA). To compare Gmed and TFL muscle activity and the Gmed:TFL muscle-activity ratio during SHA exercise with 3 different hip rotations. The effects of different hip rotations on Gmed, TFL, and the Gmed:TFL muscle-activity ratio during isometric SHA were analyzed with 1-way, repeated-measures analysis of variance. University research laboratory. 20 healthy university students were recruited in this study. Participants performed isometric SHA: frontal SHA with neutral hip (frontal SHAN), frontal SHA with hip medial rotation (frontal SHA-MR), and frontal SHA with hip lateral rotation (frontal SHA-LR). Surface electromyography measured the activity of the Gmed and the TFL. A 1-way repeated-measures analysis of variance assessed the statistical significance of Gmed and TFL muscle activity. When there was a significant difference, a Bonferroni adjustment was performed. Frontal SHA-MR showed significantly greater Gmed muscle activation than frontal SHA-N (P = .000) or frontal SHA-LR (P = .015). Frontal SHA-LR showed significantly greater TFL muscle activation than frontal SHA-N (P = .002). Frontal SHA-MR also resulted in a significantly greater Gmed:TFL muscle-activity ratio than frontal SHA-N (P = .004) or frontal SHA-LR (P = .000), and frontal SHA-N was significantly greater than frontal SHA-LR (P = .000). Frontal SHA-MR results in greater Gmed muscle activation and a higher Gmed:TFL muscle ratio.

Lower Extremity Neuromuscular Control Immediately After Fatiguing Hip-Abduction Exercise

Fatigue of the gluteus medius (GMed) muscle might be associated with decreases in postural control due to insufficient pelvic stabilization. Men and women might have different muscular recruitment patterns in response to GMed fatigue. To compare postural control and quality of movement between men and women after a fatiguing hip-abduction exercise. Descriptive laboratory study. Controlled laboratory. Eighteen men (age = 22 ± 3.64 years, height = 183.37 ± 8.30 cm, mass = 87.02 ± 12.53 kg) and 18 women (age = 22 ± 3.14, height = 167.65 ± 5.80 cm, mass = 66.64 ± 10.49 kg) with no history of low back or lower extremity injury participated in our study. Participants followed a fatiguing protocol that involved a side-lying hip-abduction exercise performed until a 15% shift in electromyographic median frequency of the GMed was reached. Baseline and postfatigue measurements of single-leg static balance, dynamic balance, and quality of movement assessed with center-of-pressure measurements, the Star Excursion Balance Test, and lateral step-down test, respectively, were recorded for the dominant lower extremity (as identified by the participant). We observed no differences in balance deficits between sexes (P > .05); however, we found main effects for time with all of our postfatigue outcome measures (P ≤ .05). Our findings suggest that postural control and quality of movement were affected negatively after a GMed-fatiguing exercise. At similar levels of local muscle fatigue, men and women had similar measurements of postural control.

Hip abduction strength training in the clinical setting: With or without external loading?

The side-lying hip abduction exercise is one of the most commonly used exercises in rehabilitation to increase hip abduction strength, and is often performed without external loading. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of 6 weeks of side-lying hip abduction training, with and without external loading, on hip abduction strength in healthy subjects. Thirty-one healthy, physically active men and women were included in a randomised controlled trial and allocated to side-lying hip abduction training, with or without external loading. Training without external loading was performed using only the weight of the leg as resistance, whereas training with external loading was performed with a relative load corresponding to 10 repetition maximum. Hip abduction strength was measured pre- and post-intervention. Isometric and eccentric hip abduction strength of the trained leg increased after hip abduction training with external loading by 12% and 17%, respectively, (P<0.05). Likewise, isometric and eccentric hip abduction strength of the trained leg increased after hip abduction training without external loading by 11% and 23%, respectively, (P<0.001). The strength increases were not different between groups (P>0.05). Six weeks of side-lying hip abduction training, with or without external loading, increases isometric and eccentric hip abduction strength to the same extent.

Electromyographic Analysis of Hip Rehabilitation Exercises in a Group of Healthy Subjects

Single-occasion, repeated-measures design. To determine the magnitude of hip abductor muscle activation during 6 rehabilitation exercises. Many researchers have reported that hip strengthening, especially of the hip abductors, is an important component of a lower extremity rehabilitation program. Clinicians employ non-weight-bearing and weight-bearing exercise to strengthen the hip musculature; however, researchers have not examined relative differences in muscle activation during commonly used exercises. Information regarding these differences may provide clinicians with a scientific rationale needed for exercise prescription. Sixteen healthy subjects (mean +/- SD age, 27 +/- 5 years; range, 18-42 years; mean +/- SD height, 1.7 +/- 0.2 m; mean +/- SD body mass, 76 +/- 15 kg) volunteered for this study. Bipolar surface electrodes were applied to the right gluteus medius muscle. We measured muscle activation as subjects performed 3 non-weight-bearing (sidelying right hip abduction and standing right hip abduction with the hip at 0 degrees and 20 degrees of flexion) and 3 weight-bearing (left-sided pelvic drop and weight-bearing left hip abduction with the hips at 0 degrees and 20 degrees of flexion) exercises. Data were expressed as a percent of maximum voluntary isometric contraction of the right gluteus medius. Differences in muscle activation across exercises were determined using a 1-way analysis of variance with repeated measures, followed by a sequentially rejective Bonferroni post hoc analysis to identify differences between exercises. The weight-bearing exercises demonstrated significantly greater EMG amplitudes (P<.001) than all non-weight-bearing exercises except non-weight-bearing sidelying hip abduction. The weight-bearing exercises and non-weight-bearing sidelying hip abduction exercise resulted in greater muscle activation because of the greater external torque applied to the hip abductor musculature. Although the non-weight-bearing standing hip abduction exercises required the least activation, they may benefit patients who cannot safely perform the weight-bearing or sidelying hip abduction exercises. Clinicians may use results from this study when designing hip rehabilitation programs.