Shortage Of Food Supply Research Articles

Microwave-assisted transesterification of Litchi chinensis seed oil using extracted KOH from potato waste for sustainable development

The fast depletion of conventional fuel supplies has forced the world to find suitable substitutes to overcome the expected energy crisis. Fossil fuels also contribute to global warming because of their harmful emissions. Biofuels are sustainable and environment friendly. Biodiesel can be sourced from both edible and non-edible oils to replace fossil fuels. To avoid a shortage of food supply, it is preferred to produce biodiesel from non-edible oils. In this research, Litchi chinensis seed oil (LSO) is used as a feedstock to synthesize biodiesel employing transesterification using a microwave oven. The catalyst, potassium hydroxide (KOH), used in this research was extracted from potato waste. Sun-dried potato waste was converted into ash. The produced ash is then dissolved in distilled water, leading to a 34% yield of KOH. The transesterification achieves a 92.9% conversion rate under the conditions: 30% microwave power utilization, a catalyst loading of 15% (W/W), a stirring speed of 700 RPM, and a methanol concentration of 70% (V/V) with an 8-min reaction time. Response surface methodology (RSM), in comparison with artificial neural networks (ANNs), has been utilized for the optimization of biodiesel yield, giving efficient results with errors of 0.003% for RSM and 0.005% for ANN. Consequently, the study reports optimized biodiesel yields of 92.9% (experimental), 93.27% (RSM), and 92.40% (ANN). Physicochemical properties such as kinematic viscosity (4.4 mm2/s) at 40°C, density (875 kg/m3) at 15°C, cetane number (53.2), calorific value (38.8 MJ/kg), flash point (175°C), oxidative stability (6.1 h), and cold flow properties were determined with respect to the ASTM and EN standards. The findings reveal that biofuels primarily support Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 7 and 13, with the prime focus on “affordable and clean energy” and “climate action,” respectively.

THE POTENTIAL APPLICATION OF MUZARA’AH IN BRUNEI DARUSSALAM: A FEASIBILITY STUDY AMONG YOUTHS

Covid-19 without doubt has tested the resilience of many sectors including the food sector. Shortage of food supply during the pandemic due to logistics has heightened measures and awareness of governments across the globe. One of the many mitigation proposed by the government of Brunei Darussalam was to kick start the involvement of more local entrepreneurs in the agricultural sector. Several efforts were made by the government including the pilot programme whereby potential individuals were given plot of lands, up to 7,000 hectares of gazetted land for agricultural development (Wasil, 2019). The allocation of lands was also timely to pick up the rising rate of unemployment in Brunei at the rate of 7.4% in 2022 alone after and during the onset of Covid-19 (CSPS, 2022). However, criteria for the pilot programme available for example having a successful registered business with a steady stream of cashflow and having the expertise in agriculture may hinder both the progress of the sector and youth’s employability prospects, as well as wastage of the allocated lands. This study investigates the potential application of muzara’ah, a traditional Islamic contract used in agriculture to be used in Brunei Darussalam among youths. The study aims at investigating the feasibility through documentation analysis as well as semi-structures interviews with youths as one of the important stakeholders for the improvement of the agricultural sector. The study projects a positive acceptance of muzara’ah among the youths as they see bigger opportunities in using the contract if coupled with the pilot scheme for agriculture development. The research suggests further collaboration between government and institutional agencies involved with local agripreneurs to better understand and open further opportunities using the muzara’ah contract for application.

Preview of Causes, Frequency, Extent, Magnitude and Intensity of Flooding in Nigeria

This study previewed causes, frequency, extent, magnitude, intensity and charted a course of mitigating flood in Nigeria. This Study revealed the causes of flooding to include: climate change, unending rainfall, excess water from Cameroon’s Lagdo Dam, river overflow, expansion of floodplains and poor planning. In 2022 flooding affected 7 million Nigerians, 2 million internally displaced, 5,000 physically injured, 5,900 houses destroyed. The 2012 flood had the highest number of occurrences of 18 incidences, in 17 each in 2015 and 2017, in 2018 and 2019, 12 incidences. 2014 and 2016, had 1 incidence. These frequent floods were recorded in 31 out of the 36 and the FCT, severe in Benue, Kogi, Anambra, Niger, Adamawa, Oyo, Kano, Jigawa and Lagos States. The extent of flooding includes shortage of food supply, farmlands washed away; economy, health, social life and environment were also affected. Corpses floated in floods, the country was at high risks of waterborne diseases like diarrhoea, cholera and typhoid fever. However, the benefits of flooding include rendering terrorists incapable in some states; deposit rich, fertile alluvium, replenish irrigation channels, filter pollutants, nourish lands to support ecosystems and fertile areas for farming. This Study recommended that individuals should not build houses in floodplains; government should maintain dams; flood management policy and collaboration between agencies. Experts should develop awareness, enlightenment, educational and legal framework to checkmate flooding in Nigeria.

The Impact of Human Security and Terrorism on Nigeria Economy: A Case of Insurgency

Globally, terrorism has become a major threat to the national security of many nations as it directly affects economic, political, and social welfare. The recent development in security studies has led to the emergence of a new concept called “human security” which focuses on an individual’s safety in a country. To date, Nigeria still experiences security challenges at the hand of Boko Haram, a terrorist sect with the agenda to impose Sharia law on secular Nigerians. Therefore, this research investigated the impact of the Boko Haram insurgency in Nigeria on human security. To accomplish this objective, responses were collected through a qualitative approach using in-depth interviews. Findings indicate that the terror activities of Boko Haram have led to the death of thousands of lives, loss of properties, shortage of food supply, and an increase in number of internally displaced people in the affected regions. Also, the study revealed that education has been drastically affected and small businesses have collapsed, thus increasing the poverty level in the country. The paper concluded that the insurgency has an adverse effect on indispensable factors that constitute human security such as health, education, food and nutrition, small business enterprises, and human rights and liberty.

კომუნიკაციის პრობლემები სოფლის მეურნეობაში-წყაროების ანალიზი

The field of agriculture in Georgia is centuries old. For more than 2,000 years, agriculture as a field in our country has not lost its relevance and importance. In recent years, the relevance of the field has increased as the Earth has faced the problem that people may face a shortage of food supplies. The problem of food security and the difficult choice for consumers between organic and genetically modified food led humanity to the decision to emphasize the importance of agriculture as a sector and to promote its development. The development of agriculture, like other fields, is unimaginable without communication. Before we study what the situation in Georgian entrepreneurs in terms of possession and use of communication skills is, it is necessary to investigate whether there are scientific works in this direction and what conclusions and recommendations are offered by researchers in these works. The present work is based on qualitative methodology, namely, desk research. We studied the scientific articles published in refereed and licensed international journals which are related to the topic of agro-communication. By analysing the current situation, we came to certain conclusions. Our main goal was to identify existing problems of communication in the field of agriculture, for which we used methods of data collection and analysis. In total, we examined five foreign scientific articles and 1 Georgian textbook. To collect data, we used international scientific databases, where we searched for a few but very interesting articles by referring to keywords in English. We encountered some difficulty in data collection, which was related to the scarcity of scientific publications on our research topic. The studies we reviewed confirm the importance of communication skills in the development of the field. According to studies, in addition to communication skills, agro-communicators must have basic knowledge of the field-agriculture itself and such personal and professional qualities as reliability, responsibility, ethics, writing skills, oral communication skills, conflict resolution and teamwork skills. It is also essential to know the skills of working in social networks.

Engaging Social Resilience as Strategic Framework in Inter-Group Relations: Implications for National Security Drive in Nigeria

The core objective of this study is to examine the extent to which the effective engagement of social resilience strategies could assist in mitigating social, economic and cultural as well as environmental disasters in Nigerian society. Research evidence from works of experts has revealed that due to the complexities of the Nigerian state, and in view of several ethnic conflicts, electoral violence, terrorism and terror attacks; banditry, flooding and many other disasters, it has been relatively complex for citizens to cope after these occurrences happen. Several states in Nigeria for example have been overtaking by increasing killings maiming, farmers-herders clashes, post-election violence, arm banditry, terrorism and insurgency. Quite a number of other states, especially those around the Niger/Benue River tributaries such as Kogi State, Delta State, Anambra state, and many riverine states, including Bayelsa and many others, have continued to face the ravaging challenges of flooding. In 2022 alone, hundreds of thousands of people have been evicted from their homes and their means of livelihood running into millions of US dollars have been destroyed by flooding. In Nigeria currently, there is a devastating effect of hunger, disease and malnutrition due to after-effect of flooding. By every standard, Nigerian citizens in some of these affected areas are living in dire strait while several farm lands have been taken over by excessive flooding, which is why there is a lingering shortage of food supply, unavailability of sea food, and lack of infrastructural development such as housing, and increasing rate of homelessness among the teeming population. This study explores works of experts in the broader field of intergroup and conflict studies designed to x-ray some of the factors and strategic policy alternatives that can be employed to mitigate adverse effects of such incidences as they pattern to the complex social groups living in the Nigerian political system. The study relies heavily on secondary research materials as a data collection method. The paper sums up with findings and recommendations.

One Health Surveillance of Antimicrobial Use and Resistance: Challenges and Successes of Implementing Surveillance Programs in Sri Lanka.

Sri Lanka is a low-income country, as defined by the World Bank. The country suffered further economic downturn during the COVID-19 pandemic. This situation adversely affected the prioritization of policies and programs around healthcare and public health. In particular, inflation, fuel prices, and shortage of food supplies increased struggles to implement antimicrobial resistance (AMR) programs. However, in the long run, it is crucial to gather data and evidence to plan AMR policies and track interventions. (1) Aim: To establish and reiterate the importance of prioritizing AMR programs in the One Health framework, the Fleming Fellows collected and studied antimicrobial use/consumption (AMU/AMC) and resistance (AMR) in humans, food-producing animals, and the environment. (2) Methods: A systematic and cross-sectional study was conducted between 2019 and 2021. By way of coordinating an AMU/AMC and AMR prevalence study across six agencies from human health and food-producing animal sectors, the authors established a field epidemiology study, laboratory testing, and data processing at their institutions. AMU/AMC patterns were surveyed using questionnaires and interviews, while AMR samples were collected for antibiotic susceptibility tests and genomic tests. Samples were tested for phenotypic and genotypic resistance. (3) Results: In human samples, resistance was highest to beta-lactam antibiotics. In non-human samples, resistance was highest to erythromycin, a highest-priority, critically important antibiotic defined by the World Health Organization. From government records, tylosin was sold the most in the food-producing animal sector. (4) Conclusions: Sri Lanka AMU and AMR trends in human and non-human sectors can be ascertained by a One Health framework. Further coordinated, consistent, and sustainable planning is feasible, and can help implement an AMU/AMR surveillance system in Sri Lanka.

COVID-19 and its impact on tourism sectors: implications for green economic recovery

The COVID-19 pandemic posed huge hurdles to green economic recovery and the tourism sector. This paper examines challenges in the Zhejiang, Fujian, and Shandong provinces of China' coastal tourism and green economic growth in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. To assess this impact, the study used econometrics models based on the Chinese provincial data from March 2020 to April 2021. According to the results, coastal tourism's related income fell drastically regardless of where the people live. Fisherman's earnings dropped by 26%, while captains and owner's earnings dropped by 49% on average. This also resulted in a shortage of food supply that endangered food security. During the pandemic, the number and duration of tourism trips dropped in all study locations. In addition, results indicated that in the wake of COVID-19, lower economic growth and recessions resulted in a significant decline in green investments. The paper proposes that to achieve green recovery and the recovery of the tourism sector, the local and central governments need to increase green investments and the literacy of the people in charge of coastal tourism.

Microorganisms in Plant Growth and Development: Roles in Abiotic Stress Tolerance and Secondary Metabolites Secretion.

Crops aimed at feeding an exponentially growing population are often exposed to a variety of harsh environmental factors. Although plants have evolved ways of adjusting their metabolism and some have also been engineered to tolerate stressful environments, there is still a shortage of food supply. An alternative approach is to explore the possibility of using rhizosphere microorganisms in the mitigation of abiotic stress and hopefully improve food production. Several studies have shown that rhizobacteria and mycorrhizae organisms can help improve stress tolerance by enhancing plant growth; stimulating the production of phytohormones, siderophores, and solubilizing phosphates; lowering ethylene levels; and upregulating the expression of dehydration response and antioxidant genes. This article shows the secretion of secondary metabolites as an additional mechanism employed by microorganisms against abiotic stress. The understanding of these mechanisms will help improve the efficacy of plant-growth-promoting microorganisms.

Role of Microbes in Modern Food Industry

Microorganisms are an important part of the food industry as these are helpful in food preservation and production. Usually, microorganisms are used in making dairy products (yogurt and cheese), fermented vegetables (olives, pickles, and sauerkraut), fermented meats (salami), and sourdough bread. These are also utilized for the production of wine and several other beverages. Recently in the food industry, the use of microorganisms has started on a large scale for the production of chocolate, food color, from preserving fruits, vegetables and meat, and as probiotics which are helpful for human health. Different types of the microorganisms produce enzymes of nutritional value such as microbial transglutaminase for fish production. As the human population is increasing, we need to adopt new techniques for producing qualitative and nutritious food. These microorganisms can be used to cope with the shortage of food supply. This review will brief the role of microorganisms in above mentioned products as a leading step towards the modern food industry.

Famine of 1943 in Bakarganj and British Colonial Policy

In the vast literature of Bengal famine of 1943, it is hard to offer new insights about that vicious source of mass misery. Local history may mark a significant departure here, as it provides scope for an in-depth study of both the origin and course of the famine. Bakarganj was called the granary of Bengal, which used to supply rice to other regions even in the driest years due to its large production. But the famine of 1943 gravely affected this district. The present study shows how it was the colonial measures that played a vital role in intensifying the famine in Bakarganj. The government’s led to: hoarding of rice and serious shortage of food supply. The article concentrates on four aspects of the government failure: inappropriate warning system, callous purchase policy, lack of effective government inspection and a policy of disaster denial.

Plant Diseases Classification using Machine Learning

Plant diseases are one of source of obstruction in the quality and productivity of plants which can lead to the shortage of food supply. Therefore, plant disease classification is essential to the agriculture industry. The objective of this research is to classify the plant diseases by assessing the images of the leaves with the application of Extreme Learning Machine (ELM), a Machine Learning classification algorithm with a single layer feed-forward neural network. This work proposed image features as input where the image is pre-processed via HSV colour space and features extraction via Haralick textures. The features are then fitted in the ELM classifier to perform the model training and testing. The accuracy of ELM is then calculated after the testing has been done. The dataset used comprises of tomato plant leaves which is a subset of the Plant-Village dataset. The results produced from the ELM shows a better accuracy that is 84.94% when compared to other models such as the Support Vector Machine and Decision Tree.

Incidence of Type 1 Diabetes Among Children and Adolescents During Peace and War Times in Yemen

Background: The incidence of type 1 diabetes (T1D) among children and adolescents has been reported to be steadily increasing worldwide with considerable regional, national and ethnic differences. We aimed in this study to present a 30-year registry-based incidence data on T1D in Yemen, a low-income country, during peace and war times. Methods: A total of 461 children and adolescents aged more than 6 months to 18 years with newly-diagnosed diabetes were registered between1989-2018. We used a standardized registry protocol according to that established in the 155 center WHO Multinational (DiaMonod) Project for childhood diabetes. The registry as with other WHO DiaMond centers was primarily concerned with counting the frequency of new-onset cases of childhood diabetes over time across Sana’a city according to a standard set of specific criteria. Case reports registered were validated on the basis of a physician’s diagnosed diabetes in the records. Eligibility for registration was based on age < 19 years and permanent residence in Sana’a city. The annual incidence rates (cases/100,000 persons/year) were calculated from the numbers of new reported cases for each year (1989-2018) divided by the estimated numbers of person-years ‘at risk’ (population < 19 years) according to age and sex for that year. Completeness of case ascertainment for the identified number of cases was assessed with the use of the 2-source capture-recapture method throughout the study period. Findings: The mean annual incidence rate in children aged 0-14 years over the full observation period was 1.83/100,000/yr with 95% CI: (0.9, 2.74). With the use of 3-year time periods, the mean annual incidence rate was intermediate (5 per 100,000/yr) in the first time-period (1989-1991), low (1.56-2.3/100,000/yr) during subsequent 5 time-periods (1992-2006) and (1.2/100,000/yr) during the next 2 time-periods (2007-2012). Ultimately, there was a precipitous decline in incidence to a very low rate (0.5/100,000/yr) during the last two time-periods (2013-2018) which was the time when Yemen has experienced the conflict and war. The age-specific mean T1D annual incidence rates with the use of 3-year time periods for children aged 0-4 yr, 5-9 yr, 10-14 yr, and adolescents aged 15-18 yr over the full observation period (1989-2018) were 0.83, 1.82, 3.14, and 2.31/100,000/yr, respectively. On temporal trend analysis of incidence rates with the use of 3-years moving average, all trend curves indicated a decline for all participants aged 0-14 years and for other age groups, especially during the last 6 years of the observation period. The mean annual age-specific and sex-specific incidence rates over the full observation period were found to be increasing with increased age in both males and females, peaking at puberty (10-14 year old) with the associated gender effect. A seasonal trend in incidence of T1D was noted with more diagnoses of cases in the winter and autumn months and fewer in the summer months, a feature that was observed in both sexes and in all age groups. Interpretation: The mean incidence rate of T1D in children and adolescents in Sana’a city was found to be low. In children aged 0-14 years in particular, the rate was low during peace time, followed by a precipitous decline to a very low rate during the time of war. Economic destruction, poverty and shortage of food supply to a large sector of children and adolescents were likely associated with decreased incidence of childhood diabetes during war. Undernutrition and low standards of environmental hygiene with exposure to infections very early in childhood might have operated as a protective factor against pediatric-onset autoimmune diabetes. Funding Statement: The authors have not declared a specific grant for this research from any funding agency in the public, commercial or not-for-profit sectors. Declaration of Interests: None declared. Ethics Approval Statement: Patient consent for publication was obtained from patients’ families. Ethical approval statement: This work was approved by the Ethical Committee at the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sana’a

Capturing the Experiences of Samoa: The Changing Food Environment and Food Security in Samoa during the COVID‐19 Pandemic

Capturing the Experiences of Samoa: The Changing Food Environment and Food Security in Samoa during the <scp>COVID</scp>‐19 Pandemic

Spatial variability of vertisols nutrients in the Deccan plateau region of north Karnataka, India

The status of soil fertility is a concern, especially in the Deccan plateau vertisols of India. Vertisols are productive if they are managed well. Understanding the spatial variability of soil macronutrients is necessary for agriculture to maintain sustainability. The objective of the present study was to explore the spatial variability of macronutrients [available nitrogen (N), available potassium (K), and available phosphorus (P)], soil pH, and electrical conductivity (EC), in scattered small-size fields of northern Karnataka, India. This region is known as the “pigeon pea vessel” of the state. The sixty-eight random topsoil samples were collected from marginal farms, which are less than two acres in size in the study region. The geostatistical analysis is carried out in SpaceStat 4.0® to find the spatial variability of macronutrients, soil pH, and EC. The coefficient of variation monitors the variation in the nutrients of the soil. The variogram analysis has shown K, soil pH, and EC are best fit to spherical model, N and P for an exponential model. According to the ratio of nugget/sill, it indicates they are moderate spatial dependent, excluding N. Using the best fit model, surface maps are generated using ordinary kriging method. The kriged maps exhibited a heterogeneous pattern of macronutrients because of separate farming methods. The spatial variability maps are used as initial regulation by policymakers for site nutrient management, including fertilization in vertisols. This is essential for sustainable and precise management of the fields, which are aimed at increasing the productivity of the crops; low productivity vertisols must be used in cultivation on a global scale due to current shortage of food supplies and agricultural resources land.

The potential of food terrorism towards halal ecosystem

The approaching of megatrend 2050, challenges have emerged in the food sector and it is predicted that main issues would be the shortage of food supply and food contamination. In parallel to the Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO), that by 2050, with the increasing human population, the food supply would be affected as the sources are inadequate to cater. This crisis requires a comprehensive solution – necessitate a better food security policy, food safety and food defence. In other words, a focused policy that deals with safe food ecosystem must be implemented and strengthen by relevant authorities. In the Malaysian context, the National Safety Policy (2017) outlined the security assurance for the nation’s food supply under Strategy 17. However, the focus of the policy is only on the preparedness of rice commodity that needs to be adequate, whereas, newer threats is making their way beyond that scope. Therefore, this review will discuss the potential of food terrorism, its concept and implication within the halal ecosystem. To achieve this objective, this study is qualitatively carried out by utilizing fully library research relating to food terrorism. The data is being analysed to conclude the findings. Based on the study, we found that food terrorism is indeed a real threat jeopardizing consumer safety, and moreover, causing negative implications towards the local, regional and global halal ecosystem. Therefore, proactive measures needed to be taken to ensure the security of food and this aligned with the objective of sharia to preserve human’s life by having adequate, nutritious, halal and safe food.

ENTERPRISES IN AGROFORESTRY SYSTEM AS A MEANS OF ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT: AWARENESS ON ITS SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE

Agroforestry practice has a long history but recently has received more attention owing to the problems long-faced on forest reserves depletion and shortage of food supply. Agroforestry is becoming accepted as a land-use system that is capable of producing both food and wood while at the same time reduce forest resource user de-pendency as a means of livelihood thereby conserving and rehabilitating ecosystems. Enterprise in agroforestry is seen as a practice that serves as an alternative to the use and overuse of forest reserve resources. This paper re-views the studies of agroforestry businesses that are capable of sustaining a household in forest communities and rural areas, especially those that depend on forest resources. It enumerated on the processes of production of Shea-butter (Vitellaria paradoxa), Mushroom, locus beans (Parkia biglobosa) and setting up of nursery for seed-ling raising as a means of livelihood. It also talks about the cost implication and accruing profits. This paper be-lieves that education/training programs on agroforestry enterprises are eminent, with the conclusion that there is a dire need for an aggressive awareness on Agroforestry enterprises to persuade forest user as a better option of means of livelihood in order to save forest reserves from depletion as well rescue forest endangered species.

Plant factories; crop transpiration and energy balance

Population growth and rapid urbanisation may result in a shortage of food supplies for cities in the foreseeable future. Research on closed plant production systems, such as plant factories, has attempted to offer perspectives for robust (urban) agricultural systems. Insight into the explicit role of plant processes in the total energy balance of these production systems is required to determine their potential. We describe a crop transpiration model that is able to determine the relation between sensible and latent heat exchange, as well as the corresponding vapour flux for the production of lettuce in closed systems. Subsequently, this model is validated for the effect of photosynthetic photon flux, cultivation area cover and air humidity on lettuce transpiration, using literature research and experiments. Results demonstrate that the transpiration rate was accurately simulated for the aforementioned effects. Thereafter we quantify and discuss the energy productivity of a standardised plant factory and illustrate the importance of transpiration as a design parameter for climatisation. Our model can provide a greater insight into the energetic expenditure and performance of closed systems. Consequently, it can provide a starting point for determining the viability and optimisation of plant factories.

Fecundity and Condition Factor of Clarias anguillaris of Oguta Lake, Nigeria

Fecundity and condition factor of Clarias angullaris were studied in Oguta Lake for eight weeks. Forty species of C. anguillaris were studied. The length-weight relationship, fecundity, condition factor and gonad-osomatic indices were factors employed for assessment of health status of the fish. The mean length and weight of the C. anguillaris collected were 27.46 ± 1.47 (12.00-38.50) cm and 391.26 ± 17.92 (144.60-553.40) g respectively. Some of the morphometrics manifested linkage and C. anguillaris exhibited a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.008, and Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r) of -0.091. Fecundity-weight relationship of C. anguillaris was also not significant (p=0.062) with a Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r) of -0.357 and coefficient of determination (R2)=0.127. The variations in condition factor of C. anguliaris at Oguta Lake was 19.96% (R2=0.1996) and this was explained by the variations in GSI. Clarias anguillaris from the Oguta Lake showed negative allometric growth pattern which implied that the fish species is increasing in length faster than its weight. This could be as a result of the polluted nature of the Lake, shortage of food supply, diseases which might have altered the fish speciation.

Ebola-free Liberia: Scrutinizing the Efforts of Public Health Sector and International Agencies.

DEAR EDITOR, The 2014–2015 outbreak of Ebola virus disease has been acknowledged as a global health priority, not only because of the number of cases, but also because of the prolonged duration for which it persisted, the number of nations affected, and associated high case-fatality rate.[1] In fact, since its emergence in March 2014 to mid-June 2015, almost 27,341 cases and 11,184 associated deaths have been reported among the 10 affected nations worldwide.[2] However, in Liberia alone, 4716 (42.8%) number of deaths have been reported (case-fatality rate – 44.6%), which is highest among all the involved countries, and is even the second leading nation with regard to the total number of cases (10,564), next only to Sierra Leone.[2,3] On the May 9, 2015, Liberia was declared free of Ebola transmission by the World Health Organization (WHO), because of no detection of any laboratory-confirmed cases since last 6 weeks, with the last confirmed case being buried on March 28, 2015.[4] Although, the start of the outbreak in Liberia was misleading, with the scarce number of cases being reported in March–May 2014, and not an alarming trend even in June (when compared with Guinea and Sierra Leone), the scenario became very serious in August and September 2014 (as 300–400 new cases were being reported each week).[4] In these couple of months, day-to-day lives of people were significantly affected as no vacant beds were available in the treatment centers, patients started to succumb within the hospital premises, corpses were not buried for days together, most of the flights were cancelled, shortage of food supply, and fuel was widely seen, the major proportion of institutions, including health facilities were closed, and a sense of fear and uncertainty prevailed among families and communities.[4,5] However, the health professionals continued to exercise their duties even in periods when there was a scarcity of personal protective equipment, and in the process around 375 health workers were infected, of whom 189 died.[4] Anyway, in response to the concerted efforts by the WHO in the form of establishing the treatment center, the outbreak began to subside in late October, with case-fatality rates remarkably reduced, and since late March this year no cases were reported.[4,5,6] The critical review of the efforts made in Liberia in response to an Ebola outbreak highlighted the role of multiple factors which eventually enabled the nation to defeat the disease. These factors include strong leadership and clear vision by the policy maker by declaring the disease as a public health priority to all the concerned departments; active involvement of the stakeholders (viz., village heads, religious leaders, women associations, youth groups, etc.) of the community by developing a sense of need among them; increasing the level of faith and neutralizing any rumors about the disease among the local people – by building see-through walls in treatment centers so that people can watch the proceeding or developing mechanism to respond promptly to transport calls or by sensitizing the health professionals to build confidence among local residents; strengthening of the treatment facilities (by creating medical units, treatment centers, logistics support) and laboratory network by establishing five dedicated Ebola laboratories; courageous attitude of the local volunteers; enormous support from the international community (viz., monetary assistance, human resources – deployment of foreign medical teams, etc.); and well-coordinated national and international response.[4,6,7,8] Even though, Liberia has been declared Ebola-free, nevertheless, the Government of Liberia should remain on high alert and continue their surveillance and contact tracing activities, as the Ebola outbreak still persist in neighboring Guinea and Sierra Leone, and there is a potential risk of re-emergence of the disease across the borders.[4,5] Further, there is a significant need to strengthen the other health care services (like maternal and child health including immunization), as all of them took a back seat, while the outbreak of Ebola was ongoing in the nation.[9] To conclude, achievement of the Ebola-free status by Liberia is a remarkable achievement for the local people, public health sector, and the international agencies which have assisted the nation in conquering all the existing challenges, and finally interrupting the endemic transmission of the disease. This accomplishment represents only half a battle won and should serve as a learning lesson for other Ebola affected nations to work in an effective manner to completely eliminate the disease completely from the West-Africa.