Short-term Oncologic Outcomes Research Articles

Robotic versus Laparoscopic Liver Resections for Colorectal Metastases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer worldwide, and the liver is the most common localization of metastatic disease. The incidence of minimally invasive liver surgery is increasing, and robotic surgery (RLR) is believed to overcome some limitations of a laparoscopic approach (LRL). We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of operative and short-term oncologic outcomes of the laparoscopic versus robotic-assisted liver resection for colorectal liver metastases. An online search of PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and the Cochrane databases was performed. Eight studies involving 3210 patients were considered eligible for the meta-analysis. In the LRL group, a higher conversion to open rate (12.4%) was observed compared to the RLR (6.7%; p = <0.001). 30-day mortality was 0.7% for the LRL group compared to 0.5% for the RLR group (p = 0.76). Mortality in longer periods among LLR and RLR amounted to 18.2% vs. 8.0% for 1-year mortality (p = 0.07), 34.1% vs. 26.7% for 2-year mortality (p = 0.13), and 52.3% vs. 48.3% for 3-year mortality (p = 0.46). The length of hospital stay was 5.6 ± 2.5 vs. 5.8 ± 2.1 days, respectively (p = 0.47). There were no significant differences between the incidence of individual complications in the LRL and RLR groups (p = 0.78). Laparoscopic or robotic approaches for colorectal liver metastases are comparable in terms of safety and effectiveness. There are significant advantages to robotic surgery, although there is still no long-term evidence concerning overall survival, and the number of patients operated on using RLR remains small.

Propensity matched analysis of minimally invasive and open radical resection for rectal cancer: comparison of short-term outcomes in elderly/frail patients.

Although minimally invasive surgery (MIS), such as robotic and laparoscopic procedures, is sometimes a better option than open surgery for patients with rectal cancer, it can present challenges for some elderly or frail patients who have a higher risk of chronic illnesses and poor surgical tolerance. On the basis of several pathophysiological characteristics, the patients were grouped according to their age. The time nodes, which are 65 and 80years old, can clarify the goal of the study and offer some therapeutic benefit. These subgroups stand to gain a great deal from MIS because of its superior arm of machinery and imagery. The short-term oncological outcomes and postoperative conditions of robotic surgery, laparoscopic surgery, and conventional open surgery were compared in this study using a propensity-matched analysis. In this retrospective study, a total of 2049 consecutive patients who underwent proctectomy between September 2017 and June 2023 were chosen. We then carried out a propensity matching analysis based on inclusion criteria. Patients were split into two age groups: 65-80 and > 80. While the secondary objective was to further investigate the similar characteristics between RS and LS, the major objective was to compare oncological outcomes and postoperative conditions between MIS and OS. K-M survival curves were used to represent oncological outcomes and survival conditions. Complication rate and mFI score were used to assess postoperative conditions. Regarding the functional outcomes, the LARS scale was applied to create questionnaires that calculated the anal function of the patients. 110 cases from the group of patients aged 65-80 were successfully merged after matching 1: 1 by propensity score, whereas 73 instances from patients aged > 80 were incorporated while examining the primary objective between OS and MIS. Regarding the secondary goal, each group contained 45 cases for patients above 80 and 65 cases for patients aged 65-80, respectively. Faster recovery from MIS included quicker first flatus passage, earlier switch to liquid nutrition, and shorter hospital stay. In the meantime, MIS also showed benefits in terms of the proportion of low mFI scores and the rates of wound complications in the two age groups. Less blood loss and shorter operational time are further MIS features. On the other hand, MIS experienced more pulmonary complications than OS. Robotic surgery was statistically no different from laparoscopic surgery in patients aged 65-80, although it was superior in terms of operative time and recovery. Comparable and satisfactory oncological and survival results were obtained with all three treatments. For elderly/frail patients with rectal cancer, MIS could be recognized as an effective procedure with favorable outcomes of recovery that are accompanied by better postoperative conditions. While, robotic surgery is slightly better than laparoscopic surgery in some aspects. However, to further demonstrate the effectiveness of three surgical modalities in treating certain groups, multi-center prospective studies are required.

Comparison of short-term outcomes of robotic-assisted radical colon cancer surgery using the Kangduo Surgical Robotic System and the Da Vinci Si Robotic System: a prospective cohort study.

Robotic surgery has been a revolution for colon cancer (CC) patients, with the increasing availability of different competitive robotic systems, but evidence of relevant oncologic outcomes is indeed scarce. Our goal was to compare the surgical quality and short-term oncologic outcomes of the Kangduo Surgical Robotic System and the da Vinci Si Robotic System in patients with CC. These are results from a subcohort of a multicenter randomized controlled noninferiority trial performed in three centers in China. Enrolled patients were randomly assigned to undergo surgery using either the KD-SR-01 system (KD group) or the da Vinci Si (DV) robotic system (DV group). Neither investigators nor patients were masked to treatment allocation, but assessment of pathological outcomes was masked to treatment allocation. The primary endpoint was surgical success rate. The secondary endpoints were surgical outcomes, pathologic outcomes, and postoperative outcomes. The study is registered at www.chictr.org.cn (ChiCTR2200063172). Although the long-term follow-up results were not a predefined endpoint for this study, late-stage work is in progress. A total of 58 CC patients were included in this study, 28 in the KD group and 30 in the DV group. All patients were successfully operated without any intermediate open/conventional laparoscopic surgery and the success rate of surgery was 100%. Assessment of equipment docking task load and intraoperative operating sensation score were similar between the two groups. Adverse events and Clavien-Dindo grade II or higher grade complication rates were comparable between the two groups. Device arm docking time, robotic arm operation time, and intraoperative bleeding were not significantly different between the two groups. Similar results were obtained from postoperative pathological outcomes and internal environment indexes. The efficacy and safety of the Kangduo Robotic Surgical System has been proved, operation of the Kangduo Robotic System by experienced surgeons for CC is not less effective than the da Vinci robotic System.

Influence of neoadjuvant treatment strategy on perioperative outcomes in locally advanced rectal cancer.

Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) in locally advanced rectal cancer facilitates tumour downstaging and complete pathological response (pCR). The goal of neoadjuvant systemic chemotherapy (total neoadjuvant chemotherapy, TNT) is to further improve local and systemic control. While some patients forgo surgery, total mesorectal excision (TME) remains the standard of care. While TNT appears to be noninferior to nCRT with respect to short-term oncological outcomes few data exist on perioperative outcomes. Perioperative morbidity including anastomotic leaks is associated with a negative effect on oncological outcomes, probably due to a delay in proceeding to adjuvant therapy. Thus, we aimed to compare conversion rates, rates of sphincter-preserving surgery and anastomosis formation rates in patients undergoing rectal resection after either TNT or standard nCRT. An institutional colorectal oncology database was searched from January 2018 to July 2023. Inclusion criteria comprised patients with histologically confirmed rectal cancer who had undergone neoadjuvant therapy and TME. Exclusion criteria comprised patients with a noncolorectal primary, those operated on emergently or who had local excision only. Outcomes evaluated included rates of conversion to open, sphincter-preserving surgery, anastomosis formation and anastomotic leak. A total of 119 patients were eligible for inclusion (60 with standard nCRT, 59 with TNT). There were no differences in rates of sphincter preservation or primary anastomosis formation between the groups. However, a significant increase in conversion to open (p = 0.03) and anastomotic leak (p = 0.03) was observed in the TNT cohort. In this series TNT appears to be associated with higher rates of conversion to open surgery and higher anastomotic leak rates. While larger studies will be required to confirm these findings, these factors should be considered alongside oncological benefits when selecting treatment strategies.

Robot-assisted radical prostatectomy in patients after endoscopic surgeries on the prostate

Background. In literature, data on the results of robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) in patients after transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) are contradictory.Aim. To evaluate surgical, functional, and oncological outcomes of RARP after TURP.Materials and methods. At the Urology Center of the Mariinsky Hospital (Saint Petersburg), RARP was performed on 410 patients. Among them, 28 (6.8 %) patients (1st group) previously underwent TURP due to infravesical obstruction. Among them, 18 (64.3 %) patients were diagnosed with prostate cancer after pathomorphological examination of the tissue resected during TURP, and on them RARP was performed on average 3.2 months later. In 10 (35.7 %) patients, prostate cancer was diagnosed during transrectal biopsy due to increased prostate-specific antigen level; on them RARP was performed on average 42.0 months after TURP. The following parameters were evaluated: operative time, time of bladder neck reconstruction and urethrovesical anastomosis formation, blood loss volume, tumor pathological stage, Gleason score, surgical margin status, rates of urine continence and preservation of erectile function.Results. Mean operative time was higher in the 1st group compared to the 2nd: 210 ± 36 min versus 180 ± 25 min (р &lt;0.0001). In the 1st group compared to the 2nd, reconstruction of bladder neck was necessary more frequently (82.1 % versus 10.7 %; р &lt;0.0001), urethrovesical anastomosis took longer time (32 ± 2.3 min versus 24.5 ± 3.1 min; р &lt;0.0001), mean blood loss volume was higher (240 ± 39 mL versus 170 ± 32 mL; р &lt;0.0001). Frequencies of positive surgical margin were 14.3 and 10.7 % respectively in the 1st and 2nd groups (р = 0.840). Frequencies of all complications were 28.6 and 21.4 %, respectively. Severe complications (≥IIIb grade per the Clavien classification) were observed in 2 (7.1 %) patients in both groups. Frequency of anastomosis stricture after surgery was significantly higher in the 1st group: in 2 (7.1 %) and 1 (3.6 %) case, respectively (р &lt;0.05). In the 1st group, total urinary continence was achieved in 14 (50.0 %), 20 (71.5 %), 22 (78.5 %) and 25 (89.3 %) patients at early and 3-, 6and 12-month follow-up after RARP; in the 2nd group, it was achieved in 18 (64.3 %), 22 (78.6 %), 24 (85.7 %) and 26 (92.9 %) patients in the same follow-up periods. After 6 and 12 months, in the 1st group among 15 (53.6 %) patients with normal initial erectile function, satisfactory erectile function was preserved in 46.7 and 93.3 % of patients; in the 2nd group among 19 (67.8 %) patients, in 57.8 and 94.7 % patients, respectively.Conclusion. RARP after TURP is a relatively complicated surgical intervention with long operative time and high blood loss volume. However, functional and short-term oncological outcomes of RARP in these patients do not differ at 12 months.

Comparing robotic with laparoscopic beyond total mesorectal excision for advanced rectal cancer-a propensity-matched analysis.

Robotic surgery is increasingly being used for rectal resection, with short-term benefits such as reduced hospital stay, faster bowel recovery and fewer complications. However, its utility for advanced rectal cancers requiring beyond total mesorectal excision has not been adequately evaluated. The aim of this study was to compare robotic and laparoscopic approaches for extended rectal resection, with postoperative and short-term oncological outcomes as endpoints. A retrospective, single-centre study of patients with advanced rectal cancer requiring extended rectal resection between January 2017 and December 2022 was carried out. Beyond total mesorectal excisions included pelvic exenteration, en bloc soft tissue or partial organ resection with the rectum, and lateral pelvic node dissection. Propensity score matching in a 4:1 ratio of laparoscopic to robotic was performed with age, sex, comorbidities, body mass index, organs involved, clinical T stage and colonoscopic obstruction. A total of 425 beyond total mesorectal excisions were performed by minimally invasive approaches during the study period, and after propensity matching 228 laparoscopic operations were compared with 57 robotic resections. All baseline characteristics were balanced. No difference in blood loss, postoperative complications, length of hospital stay, positive resection margin or nodal yield was found, but there was a somewhat longer operating duration in robotics. The 2-year disease-free and overall survival were also similar. No differences in postoperative or short-term oncological outcomes were found between robotic and laparoscopic beyond total mesorectal excisions for advanced tumours when performed by teams experienced in both robotics and laparoscopy.

Resection and Re-resection for a Clear Cell Renal Carcinoma with Sarcomatoid Features in a Patient with Birt-Hogg-Dubé Syndrome

Background: Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome (BHDS) is a rare monogenic autosomal dominant disorder which is, among other disease manifestations, associated with an increased life-time risk of developing renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Sarcomatoid RCC (sRCC) is a subtype of RCC associated with poor prognosis, high recurrence rates, and a significant resistance to a variety of systemic treatments. Case Report: Here, it is reported that the first case of a sRCC with local recurrence in a 62-year-old female patient with BHDS. This patient was successfully treated with a partial robotic nephrectomy and a re-resection of the tumor recurrence resulting in good short-term oncological outcomes. Conclusions: Robotic partial nephrectomy for sRCC, and robotic re-resection for locally recurrent sRCC in BHDS patients is a feasible treatment strategy associated with good short-term oncological outcomes. Due to the high risk of local and distant recurrences in sRCC cases, a lifelong follow-up with regular imaging is recommended.

One-year Follow-up Results of Transperineal Biopsy For Patients Undergoing Irreversible Electroporation Treatment in Localized Prostate Cancer.

This article reports on the early results of a 1-year follow-up study investigating the efficacy of irreversible electroporation in the treatment of localized prostate cancer. The study included 18 out of 40 patients diagnosed with low- and intermediate-risk prostate cancer who underwent irreversible electroporation. Treatment results were evaluated through confirmation biopsies, comparing prostate-specific antigen levels, international prostate symptom scoring, and international index of erectile dysfunction scores before irreversible electroporation and at the 12-month mark. The mean age of the patients was 61.1 years (SD ±6.5). Out of the 18 patients, 16 were tumor free (88.8%), while 2 experienced recurrences, one within the treatment field and the other outside of it (P < .001). Irreversible electroporation significantly reduced mean prostate-specific antigen levels (6.73 ng/mL vs. 2.05 ng/mL, P < .001), indicating a 69.5% reduction within 12 months. Furthermore, there was a significant improvement in mean international prostate symptom scores at the 12-month followup (10.05 vs. 7.52, P=.003). The mean international index of erectile dysfunction scores before treatment was 19.17 (SD ±5.85), and after irreversible electroporation, it was 18.67 (SD ±6.34), with no statistically significant change (P=.065). The short-term oncological results of irreversible electroporation treatment are promising, particularly for patients in the low- and intermediate-risk groups. Additionally, irreversible electroporation does not negatively impact the international index of erectile dysfunction; however, it may lead to a decrease in international prostate symptom scores.

Approaches of laparoscopic anatomical liver resection of segment 8 for hepatocellular carcinoma: a retrospective cohort study of short-term results at multiple centers in China.

Laparoscopic anatomical liver resection of segment 8 (LALR-S8) remains a challenge for anatomical laparoscopic segmentectomy. Most current reports on LALR-S8 are case series using one surgical approach, and there is a lack of multicenter data on identifying intersegmental planes using different approaches. In this study, the authors aimed to elucidate the short-term results of three different approaches for LALR-S8 for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), focusing on intersegmental plane determination, and to reflect on current practice regarding different approaches at multiple centers in China. The clinical cohort data of 122 patients who underwent LALR-S8 for HCC at seven leading centers in China were retrospectively analyzed. The surgical procedures of all approaches were summarized and standardized according to the method of the Glissonean pedicle of segment 8 identification. The postoperative short-term outcomes and oncological results of the three approaches were evaluated and compared. Three approaches were used: laparoscopic ultrasonography-guided indocyanine green fluorescent positive staining approach (11/122, 9.02%), hepatic vein-guided approach (99/122, 81.15%), and Glissonean indocyanine green fluorescent negative staining approach (12/122, 9.83%). Seven (5.73%) patients experienced complications according to the Clavien-Dindo classification, and the rate of grade ≥IIIa complications was 2.46%. The R0 resection rates among the groups (margin >1mm) and the margin width showed no statistical difference. LALR-S8 is safe and feasible for treating HCC under standardized surgical techniques and appropriate surgical approaches. The three reported approaches had comparable short-term oncological outcomes, while the hepatic vein-guided approach was most commonly used.

Review of Plant-Based Diets and Comprehensive Lifestyle Changes on Prostate Cancer Reversal without the Use of Chemotherapy

Prostate cancer poses a significant health challenge, warranting innovative therapeutic strategies. This review explores the potential of plant-based diets and comprehensive lifestyle modifications as a non-chemotherapy approach to prostate cancer reversal. While chemotherapy is the conventional treatment for advanced prostate cancer, the adverse effects it entails have driven the exploration of alternative, less invasive interventions. The analysis considers a wide range of research, including interventional and observational studies, revealing the positive impact of plant-based diets on short-term oncologic outcomes, general health, and nutrition. Lifestyle interventions significantly reduced the need for conventional treatments, demonstrating the potential for delaying or avoiding them altogether. Furthermore, adopting plant- based diets exhibited a notable association with lower risks of advanced and fatal prostate cancer. Although direct evidence on prostate cancer reversal without chemotherapy remains limited, the reviewed studies underscore the importance of dietary and lifestyle adjustments in mitigating prostate cancer risks and enhancing overall outcomes. Further research is needed to explore the long-term implications of whole-food plant-based diets and to develop targeted interventions for prostate cancer prevention and treatment without chemotherapy

A single-center study on the oncological outcomes of active surveillance of thyroid nodules measuring≤1 cm with highly suspicious ultrasound features

Objective: To investigate the oncological outcomes of active surveillance (AS) in patients showing thyroid nodules measuring≤1 cm with highly suspicious ultrasound features. Methods: A prospective single-center cohort study. A total of 534 patients with highly suspicious thyroid nodules (2015 American Thyroid Association Nodule Sonographic Patterns and Risk of Malignancy: High Suspicion) were enrolled in this study, the patients received AS at Peking Union Medical College Hospital between January 2017 and November 2022 to assess oncological outcomes (disease progression, recurrence/metastasis rate, etc). The patients were followed up every 6 months for physical examination and neck ultrasound examination. And the value of tumor volume changes in evaluating tumor enlargement was explored too. Results: There were 413 females and 121 males in this cohort, with a mean age of (42.6±11.8) years. During a median follow-up period of 45.6 months (ranged from 3.5 to 176.0 months), disease progression occurred in 26 patients (4.9%) with highly suspicious thyroid nodules, characterized by a minimum 3-mm increase in tumor diameter in 19 patients (3.6%) and lymph node metastases in 7 patients (1.3%). Forty-seven (8.8%) patients opted for delayed surgery, with 29 patients due to a change in preference. There was no significant differences in pathologic and follow-up outcomes between patients with disease progression and preference change. Patients aged≤40 years had a higher cumulative incidence of 5-year disease progression than those aged>40 years (4.9% vs 1.9%, P=0.060). No patients experienced distant metastases or deaths. Among the 595 high-risk thyroid nodules with continuous volume assessment results and an increase in nodule diameter of less than 3 mm (including all high-risk nodules in patients with single or multiple nodules), 184 (30.9%) and 79 (13.3%) nodules exhibited volume increases of more than 50% and 100%, respectively, in multiple measurements. Among the nodules with volume changes exceeding 50% and 100%, the proportion of nodules with a baseline tumor diameter of≤0.5 cm was significantly higher than those with a diameter of>0.5 cm, at 69.0% vs 31.0% (P<0.001) and 77.2% vs 22.8% (P<0.001), respectively. Conclusions: Active surveillance in patients with highly suspicious subcentimeter thyroid nodules has good short-term oncological outcomes and can be considered a safe alternative to surgery. Due to the large variability in the measurement results of tumor volume, it is not suitable as an indicator for evaluating tumor enlargement.

A propensity score matching analysis of gasless endoscopic transaxillary thyroidectomy with five-settlement technique versus conventional open thyroidectomy in patients with papillary thyroid microcarcinoma.

In a previous study, we proposed a novel anatomy-based five-settlement method for transaxillary endoscopic thyroidectomy (fs-TAT) for patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma. The safety of this new method has been reported in a retrospective study of a single cohort. The safety and short-term oncological outcome of this method was confirmed by comparing it with conventional open surgery (COT) in patients with papillary thyroid microcarcinoma. The medical records of patients who underwent fs-TAT or COT by a single surgeon from February 2019 to December 2021 were reviewed retrospectively. All patients were diagnosed with papillary thyroid microcarcinoma and underwent lobectomy and ipsilateral central compartment neck dissection. Propensity score matching was used to compare the technical safety and short-term oncologic outcomes of fs-TAT and COT for the purpose of reducing potential selection bias. Reporting was consistent with the STROCSS 2021 guidelines. After propensity score matching, 460 (fs-TAT: 230; COT: 230) patients remained in the study population. There were no significant differences in sex, age, tumor size, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, or tumor multifocality between the groups. The operative time was longer [104.5 (90.3, 120.0) vs. 62.0 (52.0, 76.0), P < 0.001] and the total postoperative drainage volume [135(90, 210) vs. 75 (55, 115), P < 0.001] was greater in the fs-TAT group than in the COT group. However, intraoperative bleeding [3.0 (2.0, 5.0) vs. 5.0 (5.0, 7.5), P < 0.001] was greater, and the median number of lymph nodes yielded [5.0 (2.3, 8.0) vs. 7.0 (5.0, 11.0), P < 0.001] was greater in the COT group than in the fs-TAT group. The groups exhibited no significant difference in the rate of complications (fs-TAT: 2.2% vs. COT: 2.6%, P = 0.856), rate of positive lymph nodes (fs-TAT: 32.2% vs. COT: 36.5%, P = 0.377), length of postoperative hospital stay (3days vs. 3days, P = 0.305) or total medical costs (26,936 vs. 26,549, P = 0.144). Compared to conventional open surgery, fs-TAT offered excellent safety and acceptable short-term oncological outcomes in a selected cohort of patients with papillary thyroid microcarcinoma.

Laparoscopic right hemicolectomy: comparison of medial and lateral approach

Aim: We aimed to examine the early oncological and clinical outcomes of the medial and lateral approaches for right hemicolectomy. Materials and Methods: Laparoscopic right hemicolectomy patients who underwent medial and lateral approach techniques in our clinic between March 2010 and September 2022 were retrospectively reviewed. Demographic data of the patients, tumor, and operation characteristics, operation, clinical, pathological, mortality, and morbidity outcomes were recorded. Data were compared with the Chi-square test or Fisher Exact test according to the expected value for categorical variables. The Mann-Whitney U test was used because the data for continuous variables were not normally distributed. Results: In total, hundred and fourteen patients who underwent laparoscopic right colon resection were included. 47 patients were operated on with the medial approach, and 67 with the lateral approach. In terms of harvested lymph node number, operation time, estimated blood loss, first fluid intake, first solid intake, first flatus, blood transfusion history, length of stay, anastomotic leaks, and mortality were not significantly different between the two approaches (p&amp;gt;0.05). However, the number of positive lymph nodes was significantly higher in the medial approach (p=0.013). Conclusion: The medial and lateral approaches are feasible and effective techniques for right hemicolectomy. There is no difference between the short-term oncologic results. However, randomized controlled studies are needed for long-term results.

Minimally invasive colectomies can be performed with similar outcomes to open counterparts for colorectal cancer emergencies: a propensity score matching analysis utilizing ACS-NSQIP.

The safety and feasibility of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) in the setting of colorectal cancer emergencies have been debated. We sought to compare postoperative outcomes of MIS with open techniques in the setting of colorectal cancer emergencies from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS-NSQIP)database. We included patients undergoing colectomy for colorectal cancer emergency between 2012 and 2019 "2012-2019" from the ACS-NSQIP dataset. We compared short-term morbidity, mortality, short-term oncological outcomes, and secondary outcomes for MIS vs open colectomies using propensity score matching. We then evaluated the trends of MIS versus open colectomies using linear regression analysis. We examined a total of 5544 patients (openn = 4070; MISn = 1474) and included 1352 patients for our postoperative outcome analyses after propensity score matching 1:1 (open n = 676; MIS n = 676). Within the matched cohort, mortality was significantly higher in the open group (open 6.95% vs MIS 3.99%, OR 1.8, p = 0.023). Anastomotic leak rates were comparable betweenthe two groups (open 4.46% vs MIS 4.02%, OR 1.12, p = 0.787). Pulmonary complications were significantly higher after open surgery (open 10.06% vs MIS 4.73%, OR 2.25, p < 0.001). Rates of ileus were significantly higher amongst open patients (open 29.08% vs MIS 19.94%, p < 0.001). Patients stayed on average 1day longer in the hospital after open surgery (p < 0.001).Rates of MIS for early tumors (N0 and T1/T2,n = 289) did notsignificantly change over7years(p = 0.597,rate = -0.065%/year); however, utilization of MIS for late tumors (N1 or T3/T4,n = 4359) increased by 2.06% per year (p < 0.001). This study demonstrates that MIS was associated with superior postoperative outcomes compared to open surgery without compromising oncological outcomes in patients undergoing emergency colectomy for colon cancer. Within the matched cohort, MIS was associated with lower rates of mortality, pulmonary complications, ileus, and shorter postoperative length of stay.

Results of robot-assisted minimally invasive esophagectomy in 111 consecutive patients: an Asia cohort study

BackgroundRobot-assisted minimally invasive esophagectomy (RAMIE) is becoming increasingly popular as a treatment for esophageal cancer. The purpose of this study was to use the da Vinci robotic system (Intuitive Surgical, Sunnyvale, CA, USA) to perform 111 consecutive cases of radical esophageal cancer and report the perioperative data of surgery and postoperative complications and short-term oncological outcomes.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 111 patients who underwent RAMIE conducted at Fujian Medical University Union Hospital from August 2016 to January 2021. Each patient’s characteristics, clinicopathological stage, postoperative pathological stage, surgery outcome, postoperative recovery, and short-term oncological outcomes were analyzed.ResultsOf the 111 patients who underwent RAMIE, 77 were male and 34 were female, and the mean age was 62.1 ± 8.8 years. Twenty-seven patients (24.3%) received preoperative neoadjuvant therapies, the most popular of which was preoperative induction chemotherapy in 16 cases (14.4%), followed by preoperative induction radiotherapy in 8 cases (7.2%) and preoperative induction chemotherapy plus immunization in 3 cases (2.7%). The vast majority of patients (110/111, 99.1%) underwent radical resection, with a mean intraoperative bleeding amount of 99.9 ± 68.4 mL and a mean operative time of 271.9 ± 70.0 min. The mean total number of lymph nodes removed was 40.9 ± 16.7, including 21.8 ± 9.0 thoracic lymph nodes. Fifty-five (49.6%) patients had lymph node metastases, including 17 (15.3%) with lymph node metastases in the left recurrent laryngeal nerve, 24 (21.6%) with lymph node metastases in the right recurrent laryngeal nerve, and 7 (6.3%) with lymph node metastases in the bilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve. The positive rate of left recurrent nerve lymph nodes was 4.77%, and he positive rate of right recurrent nerve lymph nodes was 8.38%. The main postoperative complications included pulmonary infection in 24 cases (21.6%), celiac disease in 3 cases (2.7%), tracheoesophageal fistula in 1 case (0.9%), anastomotic fistula in 3 cases (2.7%), postoperative cardiac arrhythmias in 11 cases (9.9%), VTE in 3 cases (2.7%), and pleural effusion (requiring postoperative tube drainage) in 13 cases (11.7%). Additionally, 2 cases of postoperative pneumothorax (1.8%), 1 case of poor incision healing (0.9%), 1 case of incomplete bowel obstruction (0.9%), 1 case of neck hematoma (0.9%), and 1 case of postoperative admission to the intensive care unit (0.9%) occurred. The median length of stay was 10.9 ± 6.1 days, and there were no cases of perioperative death.ConclusionsRobotic esophageal cancer radical surgery is safe and feasible. The surgeon can be proficient in thoracic robotic surgery and mediastinal lymph node dissection and achieve high levels of perioperative safety and short-term efficacy.

FTP3.4 Robotic bladder-sparing exenterations for advanced rectal cancers - Short term outcomes

Abstract Introduction Pelvic exenterations are the standard of care for anterior urogenital invasion from advanced rectal cancers. In select cases, bladder preservation is possible. The present study aims to report the surgical and short-term oncological outcomes for the largest series of robotic bladder-sparing exenterations for locally-advanced rectal cancers. Methods Single-centre, retrospective analysis of patients that underwent robotic bladder-sparing exenterations for primary advanced rectal cancers between December 2019 and November 2022. Primary outcomes were major morbidity rate (≥ grade IIIA), R0 resections, and local recurrences. Results Sixteen patients underwent robotic bladder-sparing exenterations. The median hospital stay was 8.5 days and six patients (38%) experienced grade IIIA or more morbidity. There was no operative mortality. Five patients had a urinary leak; four from the bladder neck and one from the posterior wall of the bladder secondary to necrosis. A pathologically involved circumferential margin was observed in one patient and one patient had a local recurrence. Conclusions Robotic bladder-sparing exenterations are technically feasible for select locally-advanced rectal cancers with prostatic or urethral invasion. Operative morbidity is largely related to bladder neck leaks. Short-term oncological outcomes appear favourable in terms of R0 resections and local recurrence rates.

FTP3.7 Influence of neoadjuvant treatment strategy on operability in locally advanced rectal cancer

Abstract Background Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) in locally advanced rectal cancer facilitates tumour downstaging and complete pathological response (pCR). Neoadjuvant systemic chemotherapy (total neoadjuvant chemotherapy, TNT) further improves pCR rates. While some patients forgo surgery, total mesorectal excision (TME) remains the standard of care. While TNT appears to be non-inferior to nCRT with respect to short-term oncological outcomes, little data exists on perioperative outcomes. Factors such as conversion, sphincter preservation and anastomosis rates do not impact oncological outcomes but affect quality of life (QOL). Methods An institutional colorectal oncology database was interrogated from inception (2009) to November 2022. Inclusion criteria comprised patients with histologically confirmed rectal cancer who had undergone neoadjuvant therapy and TME. Exclusion criteria comprised patients with a non-colorectal primary, those operated on emergently or who had local excision only. Primary outcomes were rates of conversion to open, sphincter preserving surgery and anastomosis formation. Results In total 156 patients were eligible for inclusion (standard nCRT, n= 111, TNT, n=45). Sphincter preservation and anastomosis formation were more frequent in the nCRT cohort, while conversion rates were higher in the TNT cohort. Although these differences were not statistically different, the conversion value approached significance (sphincter preservation, 70% vs 62%, p=0.3484; anastomosis, 72% vs 64%, p=0.4632, conversion, 34% vs 17%, p=0.0501). Conclusions In this series TNT appears to be associated with higher conversion rates and lower rates of anastomosis formation. While larger studies will be required to confirm these findings, QOL factors should be considered alongside oncological benefits when selecting treatment strategies.

Laparoscopic pancreas-preserving near total duodenectomy for large villous adenoma in patients with total colectomy for familial adenomatous polyposis

Most familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) patients undergo total colectomy, but duodenal polyposis develops in up to 90% of patients with FAP and a 4% to 18% risk of duodenal and ampullary cancer remains. Laparoscopic pancreas-preserving near total duodenectomy is thought to be a potential option and can be an effective approach to preserve the pancreas. A 48-year-old male patient, who underwent laparoscopic total colectomy with end ileostomy because of FAP with colorectal cancer, was diagnosed with a 20 mm-sized duodenal adenoma in the second to the third portion. The operation was performed on December 27, 2021. Near total duodenectomy was done and type II Billroth gastrojejunostomy was done. Laparoscopic pancreas-sparing duodenectomy is shown to be safe, with favorable short-term oncologic outcome compared to laparoscopic pancreatoduodenectomy in terms of less blood loss, faster recovery time, and much less total cost.

Cephalic inferior vena cava non-clamping technique versus standard procedure for robot-assisted laparoscopic level II-III thrombectomy: a prospective cohort study.

Renal tumour can invade the venous system and ~4-10% patients with renal tumour had venous thrombus. Although the feasibility of robot-assisted laparoscopic inferior vena cava thrombectomy (RAL-IVCT) in patients with inferior vena cava (IVC) thrombus has been validated, the wide application is still a challenge due to the complexity of IVC control. The objective was to describe our novel cephalic IVC non-clamping technique and to compare the outcomes versus standard RAL-IVCT. A prospective single-centre cohort containing 30 patients with level II-III IVC thrombus was established since August 2020. Fifteen patients underwent cephalic IVC non-clamping approach and 15 patients received standard RAL-IVCT. The authors decided the surgical technique according to the echocardiographic assessment of the right heart and IVC. The non-clamping group had less operative time (median 148 versus 185min, P =0.04), and lower Clavien-grade II complication rate (26.7% versus 80.0%, P =0.003). The median intraoperative blood loss were 400ml [interquartile range (IQR) 275-615mL] and 800ml (IQR 350-1300ml), respectively ( P =0.05). The most common complication in standard RAL-IVCT group was liver dysfunction. No gas embolism, hypercapnia or tumour thrombus dislodgment occurred in non-clamping group. After a median follow-up of 17.0 months (IQR 13.5-18.5 months) and 15.5 months (IQR 13.0-17.0 months), two patients (16.7%) in the non-clamping group and 3 patients (20.0%) in the standard RAL-IVCT group died (hazard ratio 0.59, 95% CI 0.10-3.54, P =0.55). The cephalic IVC non-clamping technique can be performed safely with acceptable surgical outcomes and short-term oncologic outcomes in patients with level II-III IVC thrombus. Compared with standard procedure, it had less operative time and lower complication rate.

AB152. SOH23ABS_225. Operability after total neoadjuvant therapy for rectal cancer

Background: Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) in locally advanced rectal cancer facilitates tumour downstaging and complete pathological response (pCR). Neoadjuvant systemic chemotherapy (total neoadjuvant chemotherapy, TNT) further improves pCR rates. While some patients forgo surgery, total mesorectal excision (TME) remains the standard of care. While TNT appears to be non-inferior to nCRT with respect to short-term oncological outcomes, little data exists on perioperative outcomes. Factors such as conversion, sphincter preservation and anastomosis rates do not impact oncological outcomes but affect quality of life (QOL).