Short-term Ischemia Research Articles

L-Type Calcium Channels are Modified in Rat Hippocampus by Short-Term Experimental Ischemia

Increasing evidence suggests a role for calcium ions in the pathophysiology of ischemic brain damage. The major mechanism allowing calcium entry from the extracellular compartment is the opening of voltage-operated calcium channels. In this line, we have explored the hypothesis that the characteristics of central L-type voltage-dependent calcium channels, labeled by the dihydropyridine ligand 3H-PN 200-110, may be modified by experimental ischemia. The results show that short-term mild ischemia, produced in the rat by 1 h of right carotid ligation, induces an increase in the number of 3H-PN 200-110 binding sites in the hippocampus ipsilateral to the side of carotid occlusion, accompanied by an increase in the dissociation constant value, whereas no changes in the kinetic parameters of the binding were observed in the other areas examined, i.e., the cortex and the striatum. The changes in hippocampus are transient: 96 h after the occlusion, binding parameters return to the control range. The modifications of the binding characteristics in the hippocampus may be related to alterations of Ca2+ fluxes through L-type calcium channels.

Morphologic changes induced by short-term ischemia in the rat testis are not affected by treatment with superoxide dismutase and catalase.

Short-term testicular ischemia was induced unilaterally by ligating the testicular artery for 60 or 100 minutes in adult rats. After 7 days, the rats were fixed by vascular perfusion. The effect of ischemia and reperfusion was quantified using morphometric techniques. Occlusion of the testicular artery for 60 and 100 minutes resulted in a mild and moderate damage, respectively, to the seminiferous tubules. The contralateral control testis was not affected. To study the role of oxygen radicals in ischemia-reperfusion-induced testicular damage, rats were treated with superoxide dismutase and catalase. These radical scavengers did not influence the extent of testicular damage.

Redistribution of erythrocytes in rat mesenteric microvessels during reperfusion after short-term ischemia

Redistribution of erythrocytes in rat mesenteric microvessels during reperfusion after short-term ischemia

Time-related asymmetric changes of brain microvessel beta-adrenergic receptors in the two hemispheres after carotid occlusion.

The effect of short term and long term ischemia induced by right carotid occlusion was studied on beta-adrenergic receptor function in rat cerebral microvessels. The results show a different time-dependent responsiveness of the two hemispheres to ischemia, with a pronounced and more persistent decrease in the number of capillary beta-receptors in the left side of the brain. The data suggest the existence of asymmetries in the control of brain microvasculature which may mediate the different time-course of beta-receptor changes in response to ischemia.

Effect of phosphocreatine and related compounds on the phospholipid metabolism of ischemic heart.

Changes in the content of lysophosphoglycerides in a crude plasmalemmal fraction of canine heart during short-term ischemia (occlusion of the left descending coronary artery for 8 min) have been studied in the presence and in the absence of phosphocreatine and phosphocreatinine. In the control experiments without PCr or PCr-nine ischemia caused significant elevation of the content of LPG: that of lysophosphatidylcholine was increased by 83% and that of lysophosphatidylethanolamine by 168%. Intravenous administration of PCr and PCr-nine in doses of 300 mg/kg completely prevented accumulation of LPG in the ischemic zone. Because of the well-known arrhythmogenic properties of LPG, the inhibitory effect of PCr and PCr-nine on the elevation of their concentration in the ischemic zone may be closely related to the antiarrhythmic action of PCr and PCr-nine in acute myocardial ischemia.

Interactions of thrombocytes with the coronary vascular system during reperfusion after short term ischemia

Interactions of thrombocytes with the coronary vascular system during reperfusion after short term ischemia

Histological changes in rat testicles after short-term ischaemia.

A temporary pinching off of the spermatic cord was carried out in 100 male Wistar rats in order to evaluate the effect of a limited period of ischaemia on the testicular parenchyma. The animals were divided into four groups of equal number, and a certain period of ischaemia was chosen (15, 30, 45 and 60 min). The histological investigation of the testicle parenchyma was performed 2 months after the operation, the contralateral testicle serving as control. Already an ischaemia of 15 min leads to a statistically significant, irreversible damage of 53.5% of the seminiferous tubulus (p = 0.001). The degree of the damage does not increase up to an ischaemic period of 1 h. Since rat testicles have proven to be a model for the judgement of human fertility, operations on testicles which are combined with a temporary ischaemia of this organ, should be ended within a few minutes.

Function and metabolism of dog heart in ischemia and in subsequent reperfusion: effect of exogenous glutamic acid.

The effect of intravenous infusion of glutamic acid on cardiac contractile function during short-term ischemia and subsequent reperfusion was studied in anaesthetized dogs. Left ventricular ischemia was induced by underperfusion of the anterior descending and circumflex coronary arteries. Infusion of glutamic acid at 3 mg/kg/min resulted in less depression of cardiac function when given after a 2 min period of 60% coronary blood flow reduction: left ventricular systolic pressure decreased by 9% vs. 22%, dP/dt decreased by 16% vs. 29%, the double product (left ventricular systolic pressure by heart rate) was reduced by 16% vs. 31%. When reperfusion was carried out during glutamic acid infusion there was a significantly enhanced recovery in cardiac function. The augmentation of cardiac performance in ischemia and reperfusion caused by glutamic acid was not accompanied by changes in myocardial oxygen consumption. Glutamic acid uptake by the ischemic myocardium increased 2-fold during infusion. This led to cessation of ammonia release from the heart due to stimulation of glutamine synthesis, and an enhancement of alanine formation coupled with pyruvate uptake but it did not effect lactate production. However, glutamic acid infusion did not influence cardiac performance and metabolism under conditions of normal coronary flow. The results suggest that elevation of glutamate arterial concentration exerts a beneficial effect on ischemic heart. The mechanisms of the protective action are discussed.

Changes of Protein Synthesis in Liver Tissue following Ligation of Hepatic Artery or Portal Vein in Rats

The effects of short-term (1 h) complete liver ischemia, hepatic artery ligation (HAL) and portal vein ligation (PVL) on protein synthesis and ATP in liver tissue were studied in rats. Protein synthesis was measured by determining rate of amino acid incorporation into protein in incubated liver slices and was reduced to 34% of the control value after 1 h of complete liver ischemia. ATP was reduced from 3.2 to 0.28 mumol X g-1 wet weight. Following HAL for 1 h, protein synthesis was reduced to 63% of control value and ATP to 2.4 mumol X g-1 wet weight. No significant changes of protein synthesis or ATP were noticed 1 h after PVL. The results indicate that deprivation of hepatic arterial blood plays a greater role than exclusion of portal blood for impairment of protein synthesis in short-lasting liver ischemia. The effect of complete ischemia was more pronounced than the sum effect of HAL and PVL, suggesting that accumulation of metabolites and tissue acidosis might contribute to the consequences of abolished blood supply in liver ischemia. In another series of experiments the effects of HAL and PVL on protein synthesis and ATP in liver tissue were studied after 1, 3 and 7 days. Protein synthesis was reduced 1 day after HAL but normalized after 3 days, probably reflecting development of collaterals. Following PVL, protein synthesis was reduced after 1 day and remained depressed up to 7 days at which time it was 55% of the control value.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Selective necrosis and total necrosis in focal cerebral ischemia. Neuropathologic observations on experimental middle cerebral artery occlusion in the macaque monkey.

Temporary (15 minutes to 24 hours) or permanent focal cerebral ischemia was induced in 87 awake monkeys (Macaca mulatta and Macaca fasicularis) by transorbital snare ligation of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) and neuropathological evaluation was carried out two weeks later. The size, location and histology of lesions varied within each time-period of MCA occlusion. However, most animals that underwent long-term ischemia (eight hours to permanent) had a single, confluent infarct involving deep and sometimes cortical structures. These animals had total necrosis chracterized by: 1. indiscriminate involvement of white and gray matter, 2. relatively sharp margins containing astrocytic and mononuclear cells, 3. an inner zone of liquefaction, infiltrated with fat-laden macrophages and newly formed blood vessels. Animals that underwent moderate to short-term ischemia (30 minutes to four hours) showed multiple, non-confluent deep infarcts. These animals had selective necrosis characterized by: 1. involvement of gray matter and relative sparing of white matter, 2. poorly circumscribed, multiple and often perivascular lesions with incomplete tissue destruction, 3. preferential loss of neurons and proliferation of reactive astrocytes and microglia.

Cardiac function and phosphorylation of contractile proteins.

The primary regulation of cardiac contractility is probably through changes in the level of cytoplasmic free Ca 2+ . In the stimulation of contraction by catecholamines, secondary controls may be present at the level of the contractile proteins. Troponin-I, a subunit of the troponin complex of the thin filament, and C-protein, a thick filament component, are both phosphorylated in perfused hearts in response to catecholamines over time courses similar to that for the increase in contraction. Both proteins are also phosphorylated rapidly in vitro by cyclic-AMP-dependent protein kinase. Phosphorylation of troponin-I causes a decrease in the sensitivity of both cardiac myofibrillar ATPase and tension development of skinned fibre preparations to Ca 2+ , and also an increase in the rate of dissociation of Ca 2+ from isolated troponin. These results support the hypothesis that the role of phosphorylation of cardiac troponin-I is to contribute to the increased rate of relaxation of the heart that is observed with catecholamines. C-protein is phosphorylated to a maximum of 4-5 mol phosphate per mole protein both in vivo and in vitro . At present, however, the functions of both C-protein itself and its phosphorylation are unknown. Dephosphorylation of these contractile proteins after catecholamine stimulation is slow in perfused heart, although the rate can be increased by cholinergic agents. Phosphorylase, in contrast, is rapidly dephosphorylated under these circumstances. Phosphoprotein phosphatases relatively specific for phosphorylase have been identified in rat heart, whereas troponin-I appears to be dephosphorylated by general phosphatases. These observations account for the different rates of dephosphorylation of phosphorylase and the contractile proteins, but do not explain the slow dephosphorylation of the latter. In control perfused hearts myosin P-light chain was 50 % phosphorylated, and this was not changed by perfusion with positive inotropic agents or by short-term ischaemia. It was also unchanged during long-term hormonal modifications. Perfusions with 32 P 1 in rat heart give a half-time for the turnover of phosphate bound to the P-light chain of 2-4 min, showing that the myosin light chain kinase and phosphatase are active in the heart. It is hypothesized that under control conditions the kinase is already fully active, and that an increase in cytoplasmic Ca 2+ cannot therefore cause further activation of the enzyme.

Effects of antiproteases (aprotinin and gabexate-mesilate) on the postischemic vascular response of the kidney.

Both under physiologic conditions and after short-term ischemia (1-3 min) kallikrein and locally synthesized prostaglandins contribute to control renal blood flow. In the present experiment the antiproteases aprotinin and gabexate-mesilate were administered to rabbits in an attempt to show whether the hemodynamic changes produced by 60 min of normothermic ischemia, i.e., postischemic hyperemia and reduction of vascular resistance, were equally mediated by kallikrein. Vascular responses were evaluated by determining renal cortical blood flow using radioactively labelled microspheres, by calculating vascular resistances, and by measuring the diameters of renal medullary vessles. Kidneys exposed to normothermic ischemia and sham-operated control organs of animals treated with aprotinin (2 X 40,000 KIU/kg body weight) and gabexate-mesilate (2 X 7 mg/kg body weight) were compared with those of rabbits which were analogously operated, but did not receive any drugs. As the antiproteases used did not significantly affect the hyperemia and the reduction of renal cortical vascular resistance seen after 60 min of normothermic ischemia, these phenomena are apparently not mediated by kallikrein. Renal medullary vasodilatation (arteriolae rectae) was significantly lower under aprotinin than in untreated ischemic kidneys, and was not longer demonstrable in gabexate-mesilate-treated animals. Thus, the effect of gabexate-mesilate was superior to that of aprotinin. Whether the antiprotease action is due to an unspecific membrane-stabilizing, to a general enzyme-inhibiting, or to a specific kallikrein-inhibiting effect, is still unclear.

Cardiac lymph: Monitor of myocardial membrane and vascular alterations

Cardiac lymph is a unique fluid which reflects components as they appear in the interstitial spaces of the myocardium. These components result from intravascular or intracellular flux to the interstitial space. The movement of ions and certain larger components is the result of normal flux, but, certain distinct changes in myocardial membrane systems significantly increases the rate of flux during altered physiological states such as ischemia. In addition, some unique enzymes, such as phosphorylase, appear in the cardiac lymph after ischemia. This review will present a synopsis of known elements appearing in cardiac lymph during control states as well as during experimental manipulations of the heart. Additionally, the likely events leading to reversible-state membrane alterations in short-term ischemia will be examined in view of the contribution to cardiac lymph components.

Cerebral hypoperfusion as a stimulus for growth hormone release in man.

In healthy male volunteers the effect of a short-term cerebral ischemia due to an acute orthostatic hypotension, on the release of growth hormone (HGH) was studied. Peroral administration of guanethidine 12.5 mg t.i.d. for 3 days plus 25 mg before the experiment was used to block peripheral vascular reflexes and thus to provoke orthostatic intolerance. An extreme increase of HGH serum levels (on average from 0.8 to 13.6 ng/ml; p < 0.001) was found in subjects who developed clinical signs of syncope after assuming upright posture. The possible mechanisms of this finding are discussed.

Effects of buffered pyruvate on regional cardiac function in moderate, short-term ischemia in swine heart.

Effects of buffered pyruvate on regional cardiac function in moderate, short-term ischemia in swine heart.

The effect of bilateral ischemia on energy metabolites and cyclic nucleotides in cerebral cortex of the Mongolian gerbil (author's transl)

Occlusion of both common carotid arteries of the Mongolian gerbil results consistently in bilateral ischemia of the cerebral cortex permitting investigation of the effects of short-term ischemia of cerebral energy reserves. Biochemical evidence in the present study confirms cerebral ischemia in all gerbils subjected to bilateral carotid occlusion. The changes in metabolites during recirculation may reflect the intensity of the ischemic insult more accurately than alterations which occur during ischemia. To ensure the assessment of short periods of ischemia without ambiguity, the metabolites and cyclic nucleotides were measured after 1, 5, 20, 30 and 60 min of ischemia; and 1, 5, 30, 60 and 360 min after circulation was reestablished. The major part of changes in metabolites and cyclic nucleotides due to ischemia occurred during the first minute, ischemia of longer duration had little further effect. However, the restoration of the metabolic profile was altered by the duration of the ischemic period. In general, the longer the period of ischemia, the slower the replenishment of high-energy phosphate compounds and energy sources. Cyclic AMP increased 5 to 13 times during ischemia; cyclic GMP decreased to as little as 1/5 of control values 60 min after occlusion. During recirculation, cyclic AMP increased as much as 100-fold, while cyclic GMP increased up to 6-fold. The temporal derangements in cyclic nucleotide concentrations coincide with the loss and restoration of cortical activity; a possible mechanism has been suggested.

Role of Regional Changes in Ventricular Performance in the Hypodynamic State Induced hy Acute Coronary Occlusion

Short-term coronary ischemia was produced in dogs anesthetized with pentothal by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery. The resulting changes in representative hemodynamic parameters and the patterns of segmental contraction within and outside the ischemic area were recorded. Two types of reaction to coronary ligation were obtained: in some animals the contractility of the ischemic area rapidly decreased, leading to ballooning of the cardiac wall, inversion of the segmental contraction trace, marked reduction in stroke volume, pronounced increase in ventricular end-diastolic volume, and significant reduction in rate of intra-ventricular pressure rise (dP/dt). In other animals there were no signs of functional ventricular aneurysm, the changes in ventricular end-diastolic volume were less marked, and dP/dt was not altered to a significant extent. These observations suggest that in these cases characterized by the development of a functional aneurysm, the decrease in stroke volume does not result solely from dilation of the entire left ventricle, but also from the increased requirement for systolic fiber shortening in the viable myocardium, which must compensate for the extra stretch in the aneurysmal portion of the ventricular wall. It is suggested that diminution of stroke volume is due not only to the increase in wall stress in the whole left ventricle; it owes also to the expending of contractile elements in the viable portion of the muscle to compensate for additional elasticity in the functional left ventricular aneurysm.

Dynamics of circulation in the testis of the conscious rat.

ARTICLESDynamics of circulation in the testis of the conscious ratMJ Free, and RA JaffeMJ Free, and RA JaffePublished Online:01 Jul 1972https://doi.org/10.1152/ajplegacy.1972.223.1.241MoreSectionsPDF (3 MB)Download PDF ToolsExport citationAdd to favoritesGet permissionsTrack citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInWeChat Previous Back to Top Download PDF FiguresReferencesRelatedInformation Cited ByThe VaricoceleUrologic Clinics of North America, Vol. 41, No. 1VaricoceleEffects of Chemical Sympathectomy on Contralateral Testicular Histology and Fertility in Unilateral VasectomyJournal of Korean Medical Science, Vol. 24, No. 5The effects of chemical sympathectomy on testicular injury in varicocele16 July 2009 | BJU International, Vol. 87, No. 3The role of adrenomedullin in varicocele and impotence24 December 2001 | BJU International, Vol. 86, No. 6Acute Spermatic Cord Torsion Alters the Microcirculation of the Contralateral TestisJournal of Urology, Vol. 155, No. 1Acute Spermatic Cord Torsion Alters the Microcirculation of the Contralateral TestisThe Journal of UrologyAlcohol, Opioids, and Testicular FunctionThe preventive role of chemical sympathectomy on contralateral testicular hypoxic parameters encountered during unilateral testicular torsionBritish Journal of Urology, Vol. 74, No. 4Rat testis oedema measured with the impression technique: effects of hyaluronan, albumin, rat plasma and salineMedical & Biological Engineering & Computing, Vol. 32, No. 3The Alterations of Cellular Metabolism in the Contralateral Testis Following Spermatic Cord Torsion in RatsJournal of Urology, Vol. 150, No. 2 Part 2Effects of clonidine-induced hypotension and dopamine-induced hypertension on blood flows in prostatic adenocarcinoma (dunning R3327) and normal tissuesThe Prostate, Vol. 20, No. 3The effect of guanethidine treatment of testicular blood flow and testosterone production in ratsExperientia, Vol. 46, No. 5Cholinergic constriction in the general circulation and its role in coronary artery spasm.Circulation Research, Vol. 65, No. 2Morphologic Changes Induced by Short-term Ischemia in the Rat Testis Are Not Affected by Treatment with Superoxide Dismutase and Catalase2 January 2013 | Journal of Andrology, Vol. 9, No. 1Demonstration of a functional blood-testis barrier to acetaldehydeBiochemical Pharmacology, Vol. 34, No. 5Evaluation and Treatment of the Preadolescent VaricoceleUrologic Clinics of North America, Vol. 12, No. 1Circulation to Male Reproductive Organs1 January 2011Rhythmical oscillations in rat testicular microcirculation as recorded by laser Doppler flowmetryActa Physiologica Scandinavica, Vol. 118, No. 2The effect of norepinephrine, isoprenaline and acetylcholine on the testicular and epididymal circulation in the pigInternational Journal of Andrology, Vol. 6, No. 1Testicular blood flow measured with a laser Doppler flowmeter: acute effects of catecholaminesActa Physiologica Scandinavica, Vol. 115, No. 2Effect of catecholamines on ornithin decarboxylase activity in the testis of immature ratBiochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, Vol. 102, No. 3Varicocele2 January 2013 | Journal of Andrology, Vol. 2, No. 2Reduction in FSH receptors in the rat testis by injection of homologous hormoneMolecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Vol. 12, No. 1Methodological Aspects of Testicular Blood Flow Measurements in RatsActa Physiologica Scandinavica, Vol. 101, No. 3The effects of barbiturate anesthesia and laparotomy on testis and plasma testosterone in ratsJournal of Steroid Biochemistry, Vol. 8, No. 3Blood Supply to the Testis and Its Role in Local Exchange and Transport of HormonesSemen quality from the bull to the freezer: An assessmentTheriogenology, Vol. 3, No. 6[23] The infused testisInteractions Between the Prostaglandins and Steroid HormonesTestosterone Concentrating Mechanism in the Reproductive Organs of the Male RatNature New Biology, Vol. 244, No. 131Effect of prostaglandins on blood flow and pressure in the conscious ratProstaglandins, Vol. 1, No. 6 More from this issue > Volume 223Issue 1July 1972Pages 241-248 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1972 by American Physiological Societyhttps://doi.org/10.1152/ajplegacy.1972.223.1.241PubMed5039068History Published online 1 July 1972 Published in print 1 July 1972 Metrics

Cardiac output redistribution during bilateral common carotid occlusion.

ARTICLESCardiac output redistribution during bilateral common carotid occlusionRF Bond, and HD GreenRF Bond, and HD GreenPublished Online:01 Feb 1969https://doi.org/10.1152/ajplegacy.1969.216.2.393MoreSectionsPDF (3 MB)Download PDF ToolsExport citationAdd to favoritesGet permissionsTrack citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInWeChat Previous Back to Top Next Download PDF FiguresReferencesRelatedInformation Cited ByShock6 May 2014Shock: Classification, Pathophysiology, and Approach to ManagementShock in the intensive care unit29 April 2013Cardiogenic shock complicating coronary artery disease: Diagnosis, treatment, and managementCurrent Problems in Cardiology, Vol. 19, No. 12Peripheral Macro- and MicrocirculationEffects of Methionine Enkephalin (Met-Enkephalin) on Regional Blood Flow and Vascular Resistance: Radioactive Microsphere Techniques14 January 2012Effects of [Met5]enkephalin on regional blood flow and vascular resistance in rabbitsEuropean Journal of Pharmacology, Vol. 137, No. 1Pressure-flow relationships of the canine iliac periphery and systemic hemodynamics: Effects of sodiumnitroprusside and adenosinePfl�gers Archiv European Journal of Physiology, Vol. 407, No. 4Bilateral carotid occlusion and the sympathetic regulation of insulin secretionJournal of the Autonomic Nervous System, Vol. 14, No. 2Effects of chemical sympathectomy with 6-hydroxydopamine on cardiac output and its distribution in the ratEuropean Journal of Pharmacology, Vol. 109, No. 2Alpha-adrenergic-mediated reduction in coronary blood flow secondary to carotid chemoreceptor reflex activation in conscious dogs.Circulation Research, Vol. 54, No. 1Baroreflex Control of Systemic Arterial Pressure and Vascular Bed1 January 2011Carotid sinus baroreceptor control of right coronary circulation in normal, hypertrophied, and failing right ventricles of conscious dogs.Circulation Research, Vol. 49, No. 6Inhibition of Peripheral Vascular Compensation after the Induction of Myocardial Ischemia in Dogs2 July 2016 | Angiology, Vol. 32, No. 1Effect of short-term cerebral ischemia on the mesenteric microcirculation in ratsBulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine, Vol. 88, No. 1The effects of changes in the carotid sinus baroreceptor activity on splanchnic blood flow in anesthetized manActa Physiologica Scandinavica, Vol. 106, No. 2Control of Vasomotor Function and the Hemodynamic Consequences of the Contractile Behavior of ArteriesRegional distribution of blood flow during arterial hypertension produced by lesions of the nucleus tractus solitarii in rats.Circulation Research, Vol. 42, No. 1Renal krypton-85 washout in hemorrhage in sinoaortic-denervated dogsJournal of Surgical Research, Vol. 22, No. 1SociÉtÉ Belge De Physiologie Et De Pharmacologie27 September 2008 | Archives Internationales de Physiologie et de Biochimie, Vol. 83, No. 1Selective vasoconstriction in carotid vascular bed by methysergide: Possible relevance to its antimigraine effectEuropean Journal of Pharmacology, Vol. 27, No. 1The response of skeletal muscle arterioles to common carotid occlusionMicrovascular Research, Vol. 7, No. 3Participation of Oxygen in the Local Control of Skeletal Muscle MicrovasculatureCirculation Research, Vol. 34, No. 1The Circulation and Its Control I: Mechanical Properties of the Cardiovascular SystemRelease of Blood from the Splanchnic Circulation in DogsCirculation Research, Vol. 31, No. 1Der Einflu� einer konstanten Herzfrequenz auf den Carotis-Sinus-Reflex am wachen HundPfl�gers Archiv European Journal of Physiology, Vol. 337, No. 1Circulatory Reflex from Vagal Afferents in Response to Hemorrhage in the DogCirculation Research, Vol. 29, No. 6Vasoconstrictor Fibre Discharge to Skeletal Muscle, Kidney, Intestine and Skin at Varying Levels of Arterial Baroreceptor Activity in the CatActa Physiologica Scandinavica, Vol. 85, No. 4AbdominalorganeHemodynamics of the carotid sinus reflex elicited by bilateral carotid occlusion in the conscious dogPfl�gers Archiv European Journal of Physiology, Vol. 327, No. 3Nachweis einer ?-adrenergen Dilatation der Nierengef��e am wachen HundPfl�gers Archiv European Journal of Physiology, Vol. 327, No. 2Vascular area which most contributes to carotid occlusion reflexPfl�gers Archiv European Journal of Physiology, Vol. 325, No. 4Effects of Carotid Sinus Nerve Stimulation on Blood-Flow Distribution in Conscious Dogs at Rest and during ExerciseCirculation Research, Vol. 27, No. 4Effects of Carotid Sinus Nerve Stimulation on the Coronary Circulation of the Conscious DogCirculation Research, Vol. 27, No. 1 More from this issue > Volume 216Issue 2February 1969Pages 393-403 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1969 by American Physiological Societyhttps://doi.org/10.1152/ajplegacy.1969.216.2.393PubMed5766995History Published online 1 February 1969 Published in print 1 February 1969 Metrics

Gas tensions in spermatic and peripheral blood of rams with normal and heat-treated testes.

ARTICLESGas tensions in spermatic and peripheral blood of rams with normal and heat-treated testesMJ Free, and NL VanDemarkMJ Free, and NL VanDemarkPublished Online:01 Apr 1968https://doi.org/10.1152/ajplegacy.1968.214.4.863MoreSectionsPDF (690 KB)Download PDF ToolsExport citationAdd to favoritesGet permissionsTrack citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInWeChat Previous Back to Top Next Download PDF FiguresReferencesRelatedInformation Cited ByComparison of spermatic and peripheral blood gases and their correlation with spermogram pattern and varicocele grade in patients with a varicocele10 March 2022 | Human Fertility, Vol. 89Pattern of varicocele vein blood gases in patients undergoing microsurgical Varicocelectomy13 November 2018 | BMC Urology, Vol. 18, No. 1WITHDRAWN: Venous Blood Gases of Varicocele Veins: Correlation With Testicular Blood Flow and Semen Quality in Varicocele PatientsUrologyAlteration of testicular biochemistry during protein restriction in nickel treated ratsBiological Trace Element Research, Vol. 60, No. 3The antioxidant defense system of isolated guinea pig Leydig cellsMolecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Vol. 126, No. 1The Alterations of Cellular Metabolism in the Contralateral Testis Following Spermatic Cord Torsion in RatsJournal of Urology, Vol. 150, No. 2 Part 2The effects of reduced o2 and antioxidants on steroidogenic capacity of cultured rat leydig cellsJournal of Steroid Biochemistry, Vol. 31, No. 3Morphologic Changes Induced by Short-term Ischemia in the Rat Testis Are Not Affected by Treatment with Superoxide Dismutase and Catalase2 January 2013 | Journal of Andrology, Vol. 9, No. 1Loose binding of testicular mitochondrial ATPase to the inner membraneArchives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Vol. 232, No. 2Radiation-induced DNA scissions and their rejoining in testicular cells of mouseMutation Research/Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis, Vol. 36, No. 2No effect of oxygenin vivo on plasma or testis testosterone in rats and no induction of testicular superoxide dismutaseJournal of Steroid Biochemistry, Vol. 7, No. 6-7Testicular Blood Supply, Lymphatic Drainage, and Secretion of FluidCarbohydrate Metabolism in the Testis More from this issue > Volume 214Issue 4April 1968Pages 863-865 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1968 by American Physiological Societyhttps://doi.org/10.1152/ajplegacy.1968.214.4.863PubMed5642949History Published online 1 April 1968 Published in print 1 April 1968 Metrics