Short Sleep Duration Research Articles

Associations between self-reported sleep duration and incident cardiovascular diseases in a nationwide prospective cohort study of Chinese middle-aged and older adults

PurposeThis study explores the correlation between sleep duration and cardiovascular disease (CVD) among middle-aged and older adults in China. Furthermore, we aim to investigate the association between sleep duration and incident CVD in this population, while assessing potential variations across different age and gender subgroups.MethodsUtilizing data from the nationwide prospective survey of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) conducted in 2011, 2013, 2015, and 2018, involving 17,596 participants aged 45 years and above, we employed Cox proportional hazards regression models. These models were used to examine the impact of baseline sleep duration on CVD, considering age (middle-aged/elderly) and gender (male/female) groups.ResultsOver the 8-year follow-up, 2,359 CVD events were recorded. Compared to individuals sleeping 6–8 h per day, a short sleep duration (≤6 h/day) was significantly associated with an increased risk of CVD (HR: 1.17, 95% CI: 1.03–1.33). Subgroup analysis revealed a more pronounced relationship in participants aged ≥60 years, where both short sleep duration (≤6 h/day) (HR: 1.17, 95% CI: 1.02–1.35) and long sleep duration (>8 h/day) (HR: 1.20, 95% CI: 1.02–1.41) were significantly associated with an elevated risk of CVD. Specifically, among female participants, short sleep durations (≤6 h/day) was significantly associated with CVD (HR: 1.24, 95% CI: 1.05–1.47).ConclusionShort sleep durations can serve as predictive factors for CVD in China's population aged 45 and above, particularly among elderly female participants. Our study underscores the importance of considering sleep health as a critical aspect when formulating strategies for enhancing CVD prevention.

Associations between sleep parameters and falls among older adults with and without cardiovascular disease: Evidence from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS).

Falls are a major global public health concern, requiring early screening and prevention. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is associated with physical impairments and increased fall risk. Despite the link between CVD and sleep parameters, research on falls and sleep in CVD patients is limited. We aimed to compare the correlation between falls and sleep in populations with and without CVD to develop fall prevention strategies. This longitudinal cohort study utilized data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Baseline data were collected in 2011, with follow-up in 2015. Falls and CVD were assessed based on self-reporting. Sleep parameters, including nighttime and total sleep duration, daytime napping, and sleep disturbance were collected via self-reported questionnaires. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS and R statistical. A cohort of 4349 individuals with an average age of 68.00 ± 5.97 years was analyzed. From these individuals, 21.5% reported falls during follow-up. Baseline CVD was significantly associated with follow-up falls (P < 0.001). After adjusting for multiple factors, nighttime sleep durations of <6 h (P = 0.004), 8 to 9 h (P = 0.016) and >9 h (P = 0.031) were significantly associated with follow-up falls among the CVD group. Total sleep duration <7 h was significantly associated with follow-up falls in both the total and non-CVD groups (P < 0.05). Maintaining a moderate sleep duration is crucial for preventing falls among older adults. Both excessively short and long sleep durations are associated with fall risks, particularly for individuals with CVD. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; ••: ••-••.

Bruxism associated with short sleep duration in children with autism spectrum disorder: The Japan Environment and Children's Study.

Bruxism, the involuntary activity of masticatory muscles, is common among individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Although bruxism is bidirectionally associated with sleep issues, whether an infant's sleep duration contributes to the development of bruxism remains unknown. In this study, a dataset (n = 83,720) obtained from the Japan Environment and Children's Study, a nationwide birth cohort study, was subjected to multiple imputations using logistic regression analysis with adjustments for several maternal and child-related variables. The aim of this study was to assess whether shorter sleep duration in the neonatal period additively affected the high prevalence of parent-reported bruxism (PRB) among children with ASD. The prevalences of ASD and PRB in the participants were 1.2% and 7.2%, respectively, and the odds ratio of the increased risk of PRB prevalence in individuals with ASD (95% confidence interval) was 1.59 (1.31-1.94) after covariate adjustments. Importantly, shorter sleep duration in the neonatal period (at one month of age) was significantly associated with an increased risk of PRB prevalence in individuals with ASD. The increased occurrence of bruxism, known to be highly prevalent among children with ASD, is associated with shorter sleep duration, particularly in the neonatal stage. Based on our results, a better understanding of the development of bruxism in individuals with ASD would provide valuable information for the prevention of oral diseases.

A combined association of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate transaminase and bilirubin with sleep duration in aged 16-85 years (2005-2010).

Sleep is a vital restorative process that plays a pivotal role in maintaining the delicate equilibrium of mental and physical well-being. Both short and long sleep duration are associated with a range of adverse health outcomes. Numerous studies have consistently demonstrated a robust association between sleep duration and liver disease. In this study, we conducted statistical tests and performed subgroup analyses to explore potential variations in this association across different contexts, aiming to elucidate the correlation between ALT, AST, and TB with sleep duration. This cross-sectional investigation utilized datasets from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005 to 2010. Multivariate linear regression models were used to examine the linear association between ALT, AST, and TB with sleep duration. Test for interaction is commonly conducted using multivariabte models to assess statistically significant subgroup disparities. Fitted smoothied curves and threshold effect analyses were employed to depict nonlinear relationships. The study enrolled 17,491 participants aged 16 to 85 years who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, with a mean age of the participants was 45.58 ± 19.94 years. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed a significant positive association between sleep duration and ALT [-0.23 (-0.45, -0.00) 0.0455] and AST[-0.20 (-0.38, -0.01) 0.0338] in Model 3. Using a two-segment linear regression model, we found an U-shaped relationship and significant inflection point between between ALT and AST with sleep duration. The present study unveiled a significant inverse correlation between sleep duration and levels of ALT and AST, while no significant association was observed with TB levels. Furthermore, variations in the optimal sleep duration for liver function recovery were identified across diverse populations, thereby offering valuable healthcare recommendations to public.

Genetically supported causality between brain structural connectome and sleep duration in children: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Certain structural brain connections have been confirmed to influence sleep duration in children. However, the causal relationships between all brain regions and children's sleep duration remain unclear. A two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis was conducted using data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to examine the relationships between 206 structural connections and sleep duration in children. Sensitivity analyses were employed to validate the findings and assess the robustness of the causal inferences. Stronger connectivity from the left hemisphere (LH) control network to the accumbens (β = -0.15, 95% CI = [-0.30, -2.88E-03], P = 0.05) and from the LH somatomotor network to the LH default network (β = -0.18, 95% CI = [-0.34, -0.03], P = 0.02) in white-matter structural connectivity (SC) were associated with shorter sleep durations. Conversely, increased white-matter SC from the LH dorsal attention network to the thalamus (β = 0.14, 95% CI = [8.45E-04, 0.27], P = 0.05), from the right hemisphere (RH) control network to the thalamus (β = 0.10, 95% CI = [0.01, 0.19], P = 0.03), from the RH default network to the thalamus (β = 0.08, 95% CI = [4.53E-03, 0.16], P = 0.04), from the RH limbic network to the thalamus (β = 0.15, 95% CI = [0.05, 0.26], P = 3.77E-03), and from the RH somatomotor network to the thalamus (β = 0.20, 95% CI = [0.07, 0.32], P = 1.63E-03) correlated with longer sleep durations in children. Two-sample Mendelian randomization provides novel insights into the relationships between brain regions and sleep duration in children. Our findings demonstrate a causal relationship between specific brain areas and sleep duration.Significance Statement 1. Innovative Approach: Employed two-sample Mendelian randomization to explore causal relationships between brain structural connectivity and sleep duration in children, leveraging genetic variants as instrumental variables.2. Comprehensive Data Analysis: Utilized data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to assess 206 structural connections, supported by extensive sensitivity analyses to confirm the robustness of the findings.3. Implications for Pediatric Health: Findings suggest that specific brain connectivity patterns can significantly impact sleep duration, providing insights for targeted interventions to improve sleep in children.

Significant nocturnal wakefulness after sleep onset in metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease

Metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a multisystemic disease with a multifactorial pathogenesis involving dietary, environmental, and genetic factors. Previous mouse models suggested that circadian misalignment may additionally influence its development as it influences metabolism in diverse organs including the liver. Further, data from sleep questionnaires proved sleep-wake disruption in patients with MASLD. We objectively assessed sleep-wake rhythms in patients with biopsy-proven MASLD (n = 35) and healthy controls (HC, n = 16) using actigraphy 24/7 for 4 weeks. With the aim to re-align sleep rhythms a single standardized sleep hygiene education session was performed after 2 weeks. Actigraphy data revealed that MASLD patients had more awakenings per night (MASLD vs. HC 8.5 vs. 5.5, p = 0.0036), longer wakefulness after sleep onset (MASLD vs. HC 45.4 min vs. 21.3 min, p = 0.0004), and decreased sleep efficiency (MASLD vs. HC 86.5% vs. 92.8%, p = 0.0008) compared with HC despite comparable sleep duration. Patients with MASLD self-reported shorter sleep duration (MASLD vs. HC 6 h vs. 6 h 45 min, p = 0.01) and prolonged sleep latency contributing to poorer sleep quality. Standardized sleep hygiene education did not produce significant changes in sleep parameters. Our findings indicate fragmented nocturnal sleep in patients with MASLD, characterized by increased wakefulness and reduced sleep efficiency, perceived subjectively as shortened sleep duration and delayed onset. A single sleep hygiene education session did not improve sleep parameters.

Exploring sociodemographic moderators of the association between sleep duration and self-rated health.

This study examined the association of sleep duration with self-rated health (SRH) and if age, sex, and race/ethnicity modifies this association. This was a cross-sectional analysis of 396,455 adults who were aged ≥ 18years in the 2020 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Sleep duration was categorized into three: short (< 7h), normal (7-9h; reference), and long (> 9h). SRH was dichotomized into suboptimal (fair/poor; reference) and optimal (excellent/very good/good). Logistic regression models were employed to investigate the association and assess interactions of age, sex, and race/ethnicity with sleep duration. Short (adjusted odds ratio: 0.70 [95% confidence interval 0.66-0.74]) and long (0.65 [0.58-0.73]) sleep duration was associated with decreased odds of optimal SRH. There was a significant interaction between age and sleep duration (p = 0.029). The association between short sleep duration and SRH was strongest in the youngest age (18-24; 0.59 [0.47-0.74]), while 35-44 (0.57 [0.39-0.82] had the strongest association for long sleep duration with SRH. No significant interactions were found for sex (p = 0.314) or race/ethnicity (p = 0.930). Short and long sleep duration are associated with decreased odds of optimal SRH among US adults. Prioritizing sleep hygiene across all ages may improve SRH.

Wearable sensors for monitoring caregivers of people with dementia: a scoping review

Abstract Purpose Caregivers of people with dementia often face a demanding care burden that may lead to adverse physical and psychological outcomes. Wearable sensors are becoming a valuable tool for preventive care. We aimed to provide the first systematic map of the published evidence on the use of wearable sensors to monitor caregivers of people with dementia. Methods We developed a scoping review protocol following the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. The searches were conducted on PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, PsycInfo, and IEEE. Results We identified 1394 articles and selected 37 reports. Sleep measures were the outcome most frequently evaluated (28/37). Among these reports, eight assessed the effectiveness of different interventions targeting both caregivers and care-receivers and found no improvement in caregivers’ sleep; three compared the sleep of caregivers of people with dementia with controls, with conflicting results; five focused on depressive symptoms; and four associated these symptoms with shorter sleep duration and greater sleep fragmentation and sleep latency. A single device was used in 33 reports and sensors were most commonly placed at the wrist (33/37). Most studies monitored caregivers for 1 or more weeks (27/37). Conclusion Wearable sensors were mainly used to monitor sleep in informal caregivers of people with dementia based on wrist accelerometry for 1 or more weeks, with conflicting results. There is a need for targeted studies with adequate control groups to identify factors associated with sleep alterations in informal and formal caregivers of people with dementia, leveraging multi-sensor setups with the inclusion of autonomic nervous system metrics.

Race, Ethnicity, and Sleep in US Children.

Although racial and ethnic disparities are well documented in children's mean levels of sleep, particularly duration, evidence is mixed for sleep variability, an important sleep dimension of growing interest. Most research has also focused on comparisons of Black and White children, with limited attention to sleep variability disparities among other racially and ethnically minoritized groups such as Asian, Latinx, and multiracial children. To investigate racial and ethnic disparities in children's mean levels of sleep and variability of sleep across multiple dimensions and diverse racial and ethnic groups using actigraphy data. This cross-sectional study used data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, a national cohort study, from 21 study sites across the US. ABCD participants were recruited at baseline (2016-2018) using a multistage, stratified, probability sampling method. The current study used a subsample with reliable actigraphy data collected at 2-year follow-up (2018-2020). Data analysis occurred from July 2023 to October 2024. Parent-reported race and ethnicity at baseline. Sociodemographic, health, and contextual covariates of sleep were also included. Actigraphy-assessed mean levels of sleep and sleep variability across multiple dimensions (duration, bedtime, risetime, efficiency, and latency) over 3 weeks. The analytic sample included 3868 children (mean [SD] age, 11.50 [0.67] years; 1913 female [49.5%]), of whom 104 (2.7%) were Asian, 347 (9.0%) were Black or African American, 801 (20.7%) were Latinx, 356 (9.2%) were multiracial, and 2260 (58.4%) were White. Asian, Black, Latinx, and multiracial children exhibited shorter sleep duration and later bedtime than White children. Importantly, compared with White children, bedtime variability was greater among Asian (β = 0.04; 95% CI, 0.01 to 0.07; P = .02), Black (β = 0.11 95% CI, 0.08 to 0.15; P < .001), Latinx (β = 0.08; 95% CI, 0.05 to 0.12; P < .001), and multiracial children (β = 0.08; 95% CI, 0.05 to 0.11; P < .001). Similarly, risetime variability was greater among Asian (β = 0.04; 95% CI, 0.01 to 0.07; P = .01), Black (β = 0.08; 95% CI, 0.04 to 0.12; P < .001), and Latinx (β = 0.06; 95% CI, 0.02 to 0.10; P < .01) children in comparison with White children. Black children exhibited the most profound disparities across mean levels (duration and bedtime) and variability of sleep (duration, bedtime, risetime, and efficiency) than other groups. Asian and multiracial children also exhibited some disparities sleep duration, efficiency, and efficiency variability, when compared with Latinx children. In this cross-sectional study of children's sleep disparities, racially and ethnically minoritized children exhibited disparities in mean levels and variability of sleep compared with their White peers. These findings suggest that policies and practices should target multiple sleep dimensions among diverse racial and ethnic groups to promote equitable pediatric sleep health.

A cross-sectional study on the relationship between infant sleep, temperament, and bedtime practices.

We explored the interplay between infant temperament, sleep characteristics, and bedtime practices. We conducted a cross-sectional study involving a large sample of infants 9-13 months of age (n = 623). Sleep data were collected through auto-videosomnography, allowing for objective, noninvasive assessment of sleep in an infant's ecological environment. Infant temperament and bedtime practices were assessed with questionnaires completed by parents. Results revealed significant correlations between negative affectivity and disrupted sleep patterns, including shorter sleep duration, more night awakenings, and increased parental interventions. Infants falling asleep while being breast/bottle feeding or while being held/rocked had shorter nocturnal sleep duration, lower sleep efficiency, later bedtime, earlier wake-up time, and more parental interventions. Regression analyses indicated that bedtime practices accounted for a substantial portion of variance in sleep metrics, emphasizing their role in influencing infants' sleep. The study highlights the intricate interconnections between infants' temperament, sleep, and caregiving practices, emphasizing the need for a nuanced understanding of individual differences to tailor effective parenting strategies for promoting healthy sleep in infants. Breda M, Lucchini M, Barnett N, Bruni O. A cross-sectional study on the relationship between infant sleep, temperament, and bedtime practices. J Clin Sleep Med. 2024;20(12):1965-1974.

Sleep quality and hours of nurses according to shift type and schedule: A cross-sectional study

ABSTRACT This study investigated the quality and duration of sleep among shift-working nurses. In this cross-sectional survey, nurses from eight units across two tertiary hospitals in South Korea’s capital region participated. We collected data on sleep quality and duration from 117 nurses. We used the Mann-Whitney test, analysis of variance, or the Kruskal-Wallis test to analyze differences in sleep quality and duration across different shifts. The nurses generally reported low sleep quality, with sleep disturbances being the most common issue. The worst subjective sleep quality was associated with the night shift, while the shortest sleep duration was reported for the day shift. Nurses working two consecutive night shifts reported the poorest sleep quality and shortest sleep duration. The quality and duration of sleep for shift-working nurses varied depending on the shift type. There were also differences based on the arrangement of multiple consecutive shifts. The findings of this study suggest that planning for nurses’ shift work should consider sleep quality and duration. Specifically, nurses working the night shift reported poor sleep quality and duration, indicating a need for strategies to ensure they get sufficient rest after their shifts.

Actigraphy-derived multidimensional sleep health among breast cancer survivors and controls: Pink SWAN.

To compare breast cancer survivors (BCS) to women without breast cancer (controls) on sleep health risk factors and actigraphy-derived dimensions of sleep (duration, maintenance, timing, and regularity) and examine whether the effect of breast cancer on sleep differs by time since diagnosis. Analyses included data from 68 BCS and 1042 controls who participated in actigraphy and Pink SWAN sub-studies within the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation. BCS and control characteristics were compared using chi-square, Fisher's exact, and Wilcoxon rank sum tests. Sleep measures were regressed onto breast cancer status using binomial logistic and linear regression. The interaction between BCS status and years since diagnosis (< 5; ≥ 5) was tested in these models before and after covariate adjustment. There were no overall sleep differences between BCS and controls; both groups experienced poor sleep health on average across multiple dimensions. Physical inactivity, sleep apnea, and vasomotor and depressive symptoms were associated with worse sleep in both groups. Total sleep time was lower among BCS than controls within 5years of diagnosis (6.13 vs. 6.57h; p = .03) but did not differ at > 5years post-diagnosis (6.59 vs. 6.45h; p = .32). BCS reported greater use of exogenous hormones (p < .0001) and were twice as likely to have initiated anxiolytic use post-diagnosis (p = .03). BCS within 5years of diagnosis experienced shorter sleep duration than controls but did not differ on other sleep parameters. Both groups experienced poor sleep health. BCS and similarly-aged women experience poor sleep health requiring assessment and treatment.

Short sleep time has a greater impact on the gut microbiota of female.

Short sleep duration (SSD) affects people's health in multiple ways. This study attempted to explore the effect of SSD on the gut microbiota. In the American Gut Project Database, 361 individuals (without troubled by disease recently) with less than 6h of sleep per day were obtained and matched with normal sleep time individuals according to gender, age, and BMI. Furthermore, the raw data of 16s rRNA in feces were downloaded and analyzed using QIIME2, and STAMP was used for data statistics. PICRUST2 was used for predicting the alteration of microbial function. The SSD did not affect the microbial α-diversity. SSD increased the abundance of the phylum Verrucomicrobia and the families Rikenellaceae, Verrucomicrobiaceae, and S24-7, and decrased the Coriobacteriaceae. Moreover, PICRUST2 predicted that SSD affected 15 metabolic pathways. Subgroup analyses showed that SSD had more significant effects on the microbiota in normal-weight females. SSD substantially modifies the abundance of specific gut microbiota taxa, exerting a pronounced influence particularly on females, highlighting the need for further investigation into the bidirectional relationship between sleep patterns and gut microbiota.

Association between sleep and gallstone disease in United States adults: A cross-sectional study

BackgroundBoth gallstone disease and sleep disorders are important public health problems. Few studies to date have investigated the associations between sleep and gallstone disease in humans. This study aimed to assess whether sleep factors (sleep time, sleep amounts, trouble sleeping) were associated with gallstone disease in the United States adults.MethodsThis was a population-based cross-sectional study of US adults, which included data of participants aged over 20 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) gathered between 2017 and March 2020. The assessment of gallstone disease and sleep factors was based on self-reported data. We used sample-weighted logistic regression and restricted cubic spline models to explore the associations between sleep factors and gallstone disease. Subgroup analyses were conducted to assess the interaction between trouble sleeping and interacting factors.ResultsThe prevalence of gallstone disease was 11% among the 9,210 adult participants. Going to bed late on weekdays (OR, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.15 to 1.74) and weekends (OR, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.14 to 1.78), and short sleep duration on weekdays (OR, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.00 to 1.68) were factors associated with increased risk of gallstone disease, and we detected dose-response associations with the restricted cubic spline model (RCS) models, after adjusting for confounders. Presenting trouble sleeping was associated with increased risk of gallstone disease (OR, 1.52; 95% CI, 1.03 to 2.23) and the association was influenced by the presence of thyroid disease (P for interaction = 0.037).ConclusionsOur study results indicate that going to bed late, short sleep duration, and trouble sleeping were associated with increased risk of gallstone disease in a nationally representative sample of adults in the US.

Association of Self-Reported Sleep Characteristics With Neuroimaging Markers of Brain Aging Years Later in Middle-Aged Adults.

To determine the association between early midlife sleep and advanced brain aging patterns in late midlife. Using the CARDIA study, we analyzed sleep data at baseline and 5 years later, focusing on short sleep duration, bad sleep quality (SQ), difficulty initiating and maintaining sleep (DIS and DMS), early morning awakening (EMA), and daytime sleepiness. These were categorized into 0-1, 2-3, and >3 poor sleep characteristics (PSC). Brain MRIs obtained 15 years later were used to determine brain age through a machine learning approach based on age-related atrophy. This cohort study included 589 participants (mean age 40.4 ± 3.4 years, 53% women). At baseline, around 70% reported 0-1 PSC, 22% reported 2%-3%, and 8% reported >3 PSC. In multivariable linear regression analyses, participants with 2-3 or >3 PSC had 1.6-year (β = 1.61, 95% CI 0.28-2.93) and 2.6-year (β = 2.64, 95% CI 0.59-4.69) older brain age, respectively, compared with those with 0-1 PSC. Of the individual characteristics, bad SQ, DIS, DMS, and EMA were associated with greater brain age, especially when persistent over the 5-year follow-up. Poor sleep was associated with advanced brain age in midlife, highlighting the importance of investigating early sleep interventions for preserving brain health.

The relationship between sleep and menstrual problems in early adolescent girls

IntroductionAdolescence is marked by hormonal, physical, neural, and behavioral changes, including in sleep patterns and, in females, the onset of menarche. Menstrual problems, such as painful menses, are common and contribute to school absences, and could indicate gynecological conditions impacting reproductive health. While studies in adults have shown associations between sleep disturbances and menstrual problems, this relationship is less understood in adolescents. Our study explores the association between sleep, menstrual problems, and menarche in a diverse sample of early adolescent girls in the U.S.MethodsWe used linear mixed-effect models to analyze associations between sleep behavior (self- and caregiver-reported) and menstrual problems (self-reported cycle irregularity, premenstrual symptom and menstrual pain severity and their impact on daily life) and menstrual characteristics (menstrual flow) in 3,037 post-menarcheal adolescent girls (Mean age:13.03 years) from the ABCD Study®. Covariates included years since menarche, race, ethnicity, parental education, and body mass index. We also used longitudinal data to explore changes in sleep behavior as a function of menarche.ResultsOf the sample, 26.2% reported moderate-severe premenstrual symptoms and 20.8% reported moderate-severe menstrual pain. 23.3% reported irregular menstrual cycles, 15.9% reported heavy menstrual flow. Shorter sleep duration was associated with greater menstrual pain intensity (β =—0.19) and impact on daily activities (β = -0.15), irregular cycles (β = -0.17), and severe premenstrual symptoms (β = -0.04). Higher sleep disturbance scores correlated with greater menstrual pain (β = 0.18) and premenstrual symptom severity (β = 0.03). Later wake-up times were linked to greater menstrual pain intensity (β = 0.14). Shorter time since menarche was associated with lower menstrual flow (β = 0.07) and pain intensity (β = 0.51) and less severe premenstrual symptoms (β = 0.07). Being post-menarche was associated with later bedtimes and shorter sleep duration.ConclusionFindings of links between sleep behavior and menstrual problems in early adolescence underscore the importance of addressing sleep and menstrual issues in healthcare screenings and educational initiatives for adolescents. Future research should focus on longitudinal and intervention studies to clarify these relationships.

The Prevalences of Behavioral Problems in Children and adolescents in Chengdu, Sichuan, China and Associated Risk Factors: A Multi-Center Cross-Sectional Study

ABSTRACT This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of behavioral problems in children and adolescents in Chengdu, Sichuan, China and the associated risk factors. A questionnaire survey was conducted with the students and their parents or caregivers from five primary and middle schools to investigate the parent–child relationship, family financial situations, health risk behaviors, and behavioral problems. A total of 8157 questionnaires were distributed, and 7928 (97.19%) valid questionnaires were returned. Among the 7928 valid questionnaires, 3846 were completed by female students and their parents or caregivers, and 4082 were completed by male students and their parents or caregivers. The average age of the surveyed students was 10.62 years. The prevalence rate of behavioral problems in children and adolescents was 13.79%, and the prevalence rate of behavioral problems significantly varied by gender and age. The female students had a higher prevalence rate of behavioral problems than male students (14.6% versus 13.0%). The students aged 12–16 years had a higher prevalence rate of behavioral problems than those aged 6–11 years (16.4% versus 12.2%). A correlation between behavioral problems and weekly pocket money was detected in the children and adolescents. Poor parent–child relationships, excessive screen time for both parents and children, short duration of sleep, and excessive intake of sugar-sweetened beverages could lead to a significant increase to the risk of developing behavioral problems in children and adolescents. Health-risky behaviors in children and adolescents were closely correlated to their behavioral problems. More attention should be paid to encouraging children and adolescents to live healthy lifestyles and tackling their behavioral problems.

Associations between Sleep, Energy Balance and Obesity Markers over 6 Months in Black Emerging Adults - Pilot Study Findings from the Sleep, Health Outcomes and Body Weight (SHOW) Study.

Insufficient sleep (short sleep duration and poor sleep quality) is associated with obesity risk. Emerging adults (ages 18-28 years) have a greater risk of excess weight gain and insufficient sleep, and these risks are higher in Black individuals. Using a measurement burst design, we assessed associations between sleep with energy balance components and obesity marker changes over 6 months in 15 Black emerging adults (12 females; age 21±2.5 years; body mass index 25.7±4.5 kg/m2; body fat 25.8±11.9%). Since our sample was predominantly female (80%), we repeated our analyses for females only. Participants completed the following measurements at baseline (BLN) and 6 months later (6MO): 7 days of actigraphy-based sleep and physical activity energy expenditure (EE) and 2 nights of in-home polysomnography-based sleep; resting EE and thermic effect of food with indirect calorimetry; ad libitum energy intake (EI) via self-reported methods over 4 days and directly measured over 3 days with provided meals. Body weight (2.6 kg, p=0.01) and waist circumference (2.4 cm, p=0.03) increased from BLN to 6MO. Changes in actigraphy-based sleep duration were associated with changes in body weight (β=0.03, Standard error (SE)=0.02, p=0.04) and fat mass (β=0.07, SE=0.03 p=0.03) in females only. Greater rapid eye movement sleep duration was associated with increases in resting EE (β=2.24, SE=0.84, p=0.02). Greater slow-wave sleep was associated with increases in self-reported EI (β=18.34, SE=4.7, p<0.01). Sleep may impact components of energy balance and risk of weight gain in Black emerging adults. Additional research is needed to confirm our pilot findings.

Long and short sleep durations can affect cognitive function in older adults through the chain mediation effect of ADL and depression: evidence from CHARLS2018

BackgroundBoth long and short sleep durations may lead to cognitive decline in the elderly individuals, though the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.AimsTo explore the mediating mechanism of activities of daily living and depression on different sleep durations and cognitive function in older Chinese older adults.MethodsThis retrospective study used data from 5,899 older adults who completed the 2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Surveys. We used the PROCESS macro in SPSS to determine the chain mediating effect of ADL and depression on the relationship between different sleep durations and cognitive functions.Results(1) There were significant correlations among sleep duration, ability to perform ADL, depression, and cognitive function. (2) For sleep durations ≤ 7 h/night or > 7 h/night, ADL and depression play a chain mediating role in the relationship between sleep duration and cognitive function.ConclusionsShorter or longer sleep durations were associated with cognitive decline by weakening ADL and worsening depression, which suggests that medical personnel should take action to correct abnormal sleep duration in older adults. Timely treatment of ADL impairment and depression may help prevent cognitive decline.

Meal Timing and Sleep Health Among Midlife Mexican Women During the Early Stages of the COVID-19 Pandemic.

This study aimed to examine associations between meal timing habits and sleep health in midlife Mexican women. Data comprised 379 midlife Mexican women who participated in a phone survey conducted within the Early Life Exposures in Mexico to Environmental Toxicants (ELEMENT) project during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. Women answered questions related to meal habits and sleep duration, latency, and quality. We used linear regression to investigate the associations between meal timing, frequency of meals/snacks, eating window (duration between first and last eating occasion of the day), duration between last meal, bedtime, sleep duration, and logistic regression to examine the associations between meal timing, sleep latency, and sleep quality, adjusting for confounders. Later timing of meals throughout the day, and a shorter interval between the last meal of the day and bedtime, were associated with prolonged sleep latency and worse sleep quality. Associations with sleep duration were mixed: a longer eating window and a later largest and last meal were each associated with shorter sleep duration, while a later first meal and a shorter interval between the last meal of the day and bedtime were associated with longer sleep duration. Meal timing habits are associated with sleep duration, latency, and quality in midlife women.